Videoconferencing Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

L’article propose une revue de littérature des travaux français qui se sont intéressés aux usages des technologies de la communication dans une perspective ethnométhodologique et conversationnelle. La première partie, théorique et historique, décrit la structuration de ce champ de recherche en France en retraçant ses ancrages épistémologiques, méthodologiques et institutionnels. La deuxième partie rend compte des travaux réalisés sur les trois principaux terrains d’enquête: la vidéocommunication, les interactions sur téléphone mobile et sur les plateformes conversationnelles d’internet. L’article met en évidence les apports de l’ethnométhodologie à la sociologie des usages, de la communication et des technologies, à travers notamment le traitement original des notions d’usage, de pratique et de contexte qu’elle rend possible.

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- Sociology, Internet Studies, Ethnomethodology, Videoconferencing
- by Peter Yellowlees
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- Psychiatry, Technology, Medicine, Healthcare

This article reports the findings of a study exploring the effects of using videoconferencing (VC) to deliver dance instruction to rural communities. The context of the study is a university community partnership run through blended live and VC instruction with elementary and middle school students in Eloy, Arizona. This research is part of a larger, ongoing study of iDance, aimed at defining instructional methods and creating dance curriculum to meet the needs of students in rural communities. VC presents unique opportunities for teaching students in rural settings. Considering the relative accessibility of VC centers makes it possible to educate rural students in a broad spectrum of dance contexts: composition, performance, technique, and analysis. Regardless of geographical limitations, community partnerships can flourish through VC technology. Addressing the literature on the use of VC in other disciplines, methods of data collection include interviews, short answer questionnair...

- by mila parrish
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- Creative Writing, Creativity, Community, Dance Education

Objective: Studies involving the use of telepractice in the delivery of services to individuals with autism spectrum disorders (ASD) were reviewed with the intent to inform practice and identify areas for future research. Methods: Systematic searches of electronic databases, reference lists and journals identified eight studies that met predetermined inclusion criteria. These studies were analysed and summarized in terms of the: (a) characteristics of the participants, (b) technology utilized, (c) services delivered via telepractice, (d) research methodology and (e) results of the study. Results: Telepractice was used by university-based researchers, behaviour analysts, psychiatrists and psychologists to assist caretakers and educators in the delivery of services to 46 participants with ASD. The services delivered included behavioural and diagnostic assessments, educational consulting, guidance and supervision of behavioural interventions and coaching/ training in the implementation of a comprehensive early intervention programme. Conclusions: Results suggests telepractice is a promising service delivery approach in the treatment of individuals with ASD that warrants additional research. Guidelines for practitioners and potential directions for future research are discussed.

- by Mary Andrianopoulos
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- Autism, Telemedicine, Medicine, Child
- by Audrey Sorrells
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- Psychology, Autism, Higher Education, Telecommunications

Background: Telehealth technology has become more available to providers as a means of treating chronic diseases. Consideration of the applicability of telehealth technology in the treatment of schizophrenia calls for a review of the evidence base in light of the special needs and challenges in the treatment of this population. Our aims are to assess the types and nature of distant interventions for patients with schizophrenia, either telephone-based, internet-based or video-based telehealth systems. Methods: The following databases-MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, the Cochrane Library, the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, the Database of Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, and EMBASEwere searched for the following terms alone or in combination with schizophrenia: telepsychiatry or telemedicine or telepsychology or satellite communication or remote communication. Inclusion criteria were: 1) articles dealing with telephone-, internet-or video-based interventions and 2) studies emphasizing development of an intervention, feasibility or clinical trials. Exclusions included were: 1) single case reports and 2) papers not written in English. With our search terms, we retrieved a total of 390 articles, of which 18 unique articles were relevant. Results: Based on the limited data available, the use of modalities involving the telephone, internet and videoconferencing appears to be feasible in patients with schizophrenia. In addition, preliminary evidence suggests these modalities appear to improve patient outcomes. Discussion: More research is needed. Investigators need to improve existing telehealth systems. In addition, researchers need to focus on developing newer interventions and determining whether these approaches can improve patient outcomes.

- by Gretchen Haas
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- Psychology, Schizophrenia, Telecommunication, Telemedicine

Los sistemas actuales de videoconferencia IP presentan diferentes problemáticas que entorpecen la comunicación a través de ellos. La mayoría están basados en implementaciones propietarias y conllevan costes elevados de adquisición de los equipos. Además, la calidad de los recursos multimedia transferidos por estos sistemas acostumbra a ser bastante baja, cosa que afecta a la experiencia del usuario y a la percepción de presencia. Finalmente, la mayoría de las soluciones comerciales no incluyen la opción de asegurar las videoconferencias. En este artículo se presenta una solución implementada basada en un servidor de videoconferencias en software de código abierto. Una capa de señalización basada en el protocolo SIP y un plano multimedia, basado en un replicador de paquetes RTP. Esta solución constituye una plataforma que permite disminuir los costes del sistema usando ordenadores personales con clientes SIP en software, permitiendo reducir drásticamente el coste de los equipos. Finalmente, se propone un mecanismo de protección de los flujos multimedia usando Secure Real-time Transport Protocol (SRTP) y Multimedia Internet Keying (MIKEY) para el intercambio de claves.

- by Javier Lopez
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- Video Conferencing, Video Conference, Videoconference, Videoconferencing

This survey paper discusses the three-dimensional image processing challenges posed by present and future immersive telecommunications, especially immersive video conferencing and television. We introduce the concepts of presence, immersion, and co-presence and discuss their relation to virtual collaborative environments in the context of communications. Several examples are used to illustrate the current state of the art. We highlight the crucial need of real-time, highly realistic video with adaptive viewpoint for future immersive communications and identify calibration, multiple-view analysis, tracking, and view synthesis as the fundamental image-processing modules addressing such a need. For each topic, we sketch the basic problem and representative solutions from the image processing literature.

- by Francesco Isgrò
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- Computer Science, Computer Vision, Image Processing, Image Analysis
- by François Bergeron
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- Computer Science, Biomedical Engineering, Sign Language, Research Design
- by palmolive natureza
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- Videoconferencing

This work presents an analysis of the effect of the access router buffer size on packet loss rate and how it can affect the QoS of multimedia services when bursty traffic is present. VoIP traffic, real traces of viedoconferencing and videosurvellance are used in two different scenarios with medium link utilization. The study shows that the bursty nature of some applications may impair the MOS of voice calls especially when a certain number of bursts overlap. When link utilization is above 70% good values of VoIP QoS cannot be obtained.

- by Luis Sequeira
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- Videoconferencing, Quality of Service, Teleconferencing, Packet Loss

A conference in the conventional form is a very resource-demanding process with considerable environmental impacts. As the host of the 15th International Environmental Informatics Symposium, held in Zurich, October 10-12, 2001, EMPA assessed the effectiveness of different measures to reduce the environmental impact of the conference using the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, including the virtualization of the conference.

- by Roland Hischier and +1
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- Information Technology, Virtual Communities, Telecommunications, Virtualization

Στην εργασία αυτή επιχειρείται μια προσέγγιση της πλατφόρμας σύγχρονων τηλεδιασκέψεων με την ονομασία Big Blue Button (BBB). Πρόκειται για μια πλατφόρμα διαδικτυακής τηλεδιάσκεψης ανοιχτού κώδικα, με την οποία μπορούμε να οργανώσουμε σύγχρονες (online) συναντήσεις, εικονικές τάξεις και ομαδικές συνεργασίες επιτρέποντας σε οργανισμούς που ποικίλουν από εταιρίες μέχρι και εκπαιδευτικά ιδρύματα οποιασδήποτε βαθμίδας να πραγματοποιήσουν συνεδρίες που αφορούν στην ενημέρωση, εκπαίδευση και εξάσκηση προσωπικού και εκπαιδευόμενων. Πιστεύουμε ότι μέσα από την παρουσίαση των δυνατοτήτων της εφαρμογής αλλά και της παράθεσης σεναρίων χρήσης της, η εκπαιδευτική κοινότητα θα βρει στην εφαρμογή Big Blue Button ένα αξιόπιστο εργαλείο διαδικτυακής τηλεδιάσκεψης μέσω του οποίου θα είναι σε θέση με εύκολο τρόπο και με μηδενικό κόστος να υλοποιήσει χρήσιμες και αποδοτικές συναντήσεις με ποιότητα εφάμιλλη αν όχι καλύτερη αντίστοιχων εμπορικών.

- by Vasileios Orfanakis
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- Videoconferencing, Τηλεδιάσκεψη

Abstract: A major shortcoming of traditional videoconferencing systems is that they present the user with a flat image of the other participants on a screen, while in real life, our binocular visual system gives us a three-dimensional view of the persons we are interacting with. Other common problems impairing the realism and usability of interpersonal video communication include lack of eye contact and a general feeling of a technology-induced barrier between the participants. In this paper, we present the development of a telepresence system based on novel concepts and new technology to give the users a sensation of being immersed in a shared space, while being geographically distributed. Key elements of the system are multiple cameras, autostereoscopic displays and a chroma keying based immersion technique combined with an eye contact mechanism. Our preliminary usage tests with the prototype system indicate that the novel mechanisms have a great potential of improving the feeling...

- by Mathias Johanson and +1
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- Multimedia, Telepresence, Stereoscopy, Videoconferencing

The main objective of this study is to analyze educational practices related to Project Based Learning. The participants are 34 students from a rural school in Spain, who are coursing 4th, 5th and 6th grade in primary education. The innovative approach includes Collaborative Learning and Interactive Videoconference using " Skype " , in primary school. The main instrument in this process is systematic observation. We conclude that through Project Based Learning, collaboration is essential, pupils make decisions together and they use their knowledge to work together and share responsibilities. In this context, use of Educational Technology context allows constructing knowledge through interpretation, analysis, synthesis, or evaluation.

- by José Manuel Sáez López
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- Education, Teacher Education, ICT in Education, Elementary Education

Η ανάπτυξη της τεχνολογίας και η εφαρμογή ψηφιακών εργαλείων στην εξΑΕ, όπως η τηλεδιάσκεψη, έχει δημιουργήσει προβληματισμούς που σχετίζονται με την ποιότητα της διδασκαλίας και της μάθησης που προσφέρεται σε αυτήν. Προκειμένου να διασφαλιστεί μία επιτυχημένη εκπαιδευτική και μαθησιακή διαδικασία, μέσω τηλεδιάσκεψης, είναι απαραίτητος ο κατάλληλος σχεδιασμός που θα βασίζεται στις αρχές που διέπουν τη μάθηση με τηλεδιάσκεψη. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι να διερευνήσει και να αναδείξει τα ιδιαίτερα χαρακτηριστικά της μάθησης, μέσω τηλεδιάσκεψης, σε μία κοινότητα διερεύνησης διαμέσου των υπαρχουσών θεωριών και μοντέλων μάθησης της εξΑΕ. Η Θεωρία της Διαδραστικής Απόστασης και το Μοντέλο της Κοινότητας Διερεύνησης οριοθετούν ένα συγκεκριμένο παιδαγωγικό πλαίσιο με λειτουργίες και παραμέτρους που μπορούν να οδηγήσουν σε μία επιτυχημένη εξ αποστάσεως ηλεκτρονική εκπαιδευτική εμπειρία. Η Θεωρία της Τηλε-εγγύτητας εξελίσσει το Μοντέλο της Κοινότητας Διερεύνησης σε Μοντέλο Τηλε-κοινότητας Διερεύνησης, αναδεικνύοντας τη σημασία των οπτικοακουστικών σημάτων που εκπέμπονται στην τηλεδιάσκεψη για την καλλιέργεια της αμεσότητας και της οικειότητας των συμμετεχόντων, η οποία και ενισχύει το μαθησιακό αποτέλεσμα. Από τη συζήτηση προκύπτει το συμπέρασμα πως οι θεωρίες και τα μοντέλα της εξΑΕ δεν επαρκούν για να προσδιορίσουν «ολοκληρωμένα» τη μάθηση με τηλεδιάσκεψη, αλλά υπάρχει η ανάγκη διαμόρφωσης ενός νέου θεωρητικού πλαισίου που θα συνθέτει θεωρίες και γνωστικές προσεγγίσεις τόσο από την εξΑΕ όσο και από τη δια ζώσης διδασκαλία.

Telepsychotherapy is a cutting-edge intervention that shows great promise in the mental health care field. However, the possibility of developing a high-quality therapeutic alliance is often doubted when psychotherapy is provided remotely. This study assesses the development of a therapeutic alliance in individuals with posttraumatic stress disorder who were treated either by videoconference therapy or a face-to-face therapy. Forty-six participants with PTSD received cognitive behavioral therapy, 17 of them by videoconference and 29 in person. A variety of questionnaires evaluating the quality of the therapeutic relationship were administered at five different times during treatment. Each session was also assessed by the therapist and the participant immediately afterwards. The results indicate that a therapeutic alliance can develop very well in both treatment conditions and that there is no significant difference between the two. Certain clinical and practical implications are discussed.

- by Vanessa Germain
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- Information Systems, Psychology, Cognitive Science, Social behavior in animals

Kaum ein Telekommunikationssystem kann auf eine solch lange und wechselhafte Entwicklungsgeschichte zurückblicken wie die Videotelefonie: Während sie einerseits ein stetiges gesellschaftliches und kulturelles Interesse an dieser Technik... more

- by Tobias Held
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- Videoconferencing, Videochat, Skype, Videotelephones
- by ttt ttt
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- Social Interaction, Augmented Reality, Sports, Videoconferencing

Psychotherapy services are limited in remote and rural areas in Australia and across the globe. Videoconferencing has become well established as a feasible and acceptable mode of psychological treatment delivery. Therapeutic alliance (TA) is an essential factor underlying successful therapy across therapeutic models. In order to determine the state of knowledge regarding TA in psychotherapy via videoconferencing, a literature review was conducted on research studies that formally measured TA as primary, secondary or tertiary outcome measures over the past 23 years. The databases searched were Medline, PsycArticles, PsycINFO, PsycEXTRA and EMBASE. Searching identified 9915 articles that measured satisfaction, acceptability or therapeutic rapport, of which 23 met criteria for the review. Three studies were carried out in Australia, 11 in USA, 4 in Canada, 3 in Scotland and 2 in England. Studies overwhelmingly supported the notion that TA can be developed in psychotherapy by videoconfe...

- by Susan Simpson
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- Videoconferencing

This study investigated the effects of transformational and transactional leadership styles and communication media on team interaction styles and outcomes. Teams communicated through one of the following three ways: (a) face-to-face, (b) desktop videoconference, or (c) text-based chat. Results indicated that transformational and transactional leadership styles did not affect team interaction styles or outcomes; that the mean constructive interaction score was higher in FTF than videoconference and chat teams, but not significantly higher in videoconference than chat teams; and that teams working in richer communication media did not achieve higher task performance than those communicating through less rich media. Finally, mean team cohesion scores were higher in FTF and videoconference than chat teams, but not significantly higher in FTF than videoconference teams. These results provide further evidence that communication media do have important effects on team interaction styles and cohesion.

- by Theresa Kline
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- Interpersonal Communication, Leadership, Telecommunications, Social Interaction

This chapter reports the key findings of the European AVIDICUS 3 project, which focused on the use of video-mediated interpreting in legal settings across Europe. Whilst judicial and law enforcement authorities have turned to videoconferencing to minimise delays in legal proceedings, reduce costs and improve access to justice, research into the use of video links in legal proceedings has called for caution. Sossin and Yetnikoff (2007), for example, contend that the availability of financial resources for legal proceedings cannot be disentangled from the fairness of judicial decision-making. The Harvard Law School (2009: 1193) warns that, whilst the use of video links may eliminate delays, it may also reduce an individual’s “opportunity to be heard in a meaningful manner”. In proceedings that involve an interpreter, procedural fairness and “the opportunity to be heard in a meaningful manner” are closely linked to the quality of the interpretation. The use of video links in interpreter-mediated proceedings therefore requires a videoconferencing solution that provides optimal support for interpreting as a crucial prerequisite for achieving the ultimate goal, i.e. fairness of justice.
Against this backdrop, the main aim of AVIDICUS 3 was to identify institutional processes and practices of imple¬ment¬ing and using video links in legal proceedings and to assess them in terms of how they accommodate and support bilingual communication mediated through an interpreter. The focus was on spoken-language interpreting. The project examined 12 European jurisdictions (Belgium, Croatia, England and Wales, Finland, France, Hungary, Italy, the Netherlands, Poland, Scotland, Spain and Sweden). An ethnographic approach was adopted to identify relevant practices, including site visits, in-depth and mostly in-situ interviews with over 100 representatives from different stakeholder groups, observations of real-life proceedings, and the analysis of a number of policy documents produced in the justice sector.
The chapter summarises and systematises the findings from the jurisdictions included in this study. The assessment focuses on the use of videoconferencing in both national and cross-border proceedings, and covers different applications of videoconferencing in the legal system, including its use for links between courts and remote participants (e.g. witnesses, defendants in prison) and its use to access interpreters who work offsite (see Braun 2015; Skinner, Napier & Braun in this volume).

- by Sabine Braun and +2
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- Interpreting Studies, Court Interpreting, Videoconferencing, Video-mediated communication

Most individuals with social anxiety disorder (SAD) do not receive any type of treatment. Reasons include logistical barriers (e.g., geographic location, travel time), fear of stigmatization, and fear of the social interactions associated with seeking treatment. Videoconferencing technology holds great promise in the widespread delivery of evidence-based treatments to those who would otherwise not receive treatment. This pilot study assessed the feasibility, acceptability, and initial efficacy of an acceptance-based behavioral intervention using Skype videoconferencing to treat adults with generalized SAD. Twenty-four participants received 12 sessions of weekly therapy and were assessed at pre-treatment, mid-treatment, post-treatment, and 3-month follow-up. Participants and therapists rated the intervention as acceptable and feasible. Analyses revealed significant pre-treatment to follow-up improvements in social anxiety, depression, disability, quality of life, and experiential avoidance, with effect sizes comparable to or larger than previously published results of studies delivering in-person CBT for SAD. Implications and future directions are discussed.

- by Evan Forman and +2
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- Psychology, Anxiety Disorders, Treatment Outcome, Telemedicine

Overview: The various forms of interpersonal communication that take place on the internet are considered and several questions concerning the efficacy of interpersonal communication over the internet are raised (i.e. whether this form of... more

- by Pio Enrico Ricci Bitti
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- Social Psychology, Emotion, Communication, Mental Health

The purpose of this study was to field-test several conferencing technologies in regional schools in Victoria to determine whether the technologies are appropriate for the needs of the university supervisor, trainee teachers and supervising teachers with regard to practicum placements. The study also explored the potential of technology for other related purposes. Three technologies (m-View, Skype, Adobe Connect) were trialed. Pre-service teachers reflected on the conferencing experience and university supervisors compared the remote supervision using the technologies with traditional on-site supervision. This paper describes the findings of the project and suggests implications for professional experience and pedagogy.

- by Geoff Romeo
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- Educational Technology, Focus Groups, ICT in Teachers Education, Observation

As our schools are forced to come up with new and innovative ways to educate and prepare students to keep up with the increasing demands of tomorrow's employers, the networks of educators who support the integration of technology to reinstitute relevance are few. By promoting the integration of video teleconferencing for increasing the relevance of content in the classroom, students will be more engaged, more inquisitive, and more prepared for their own futures. Through the cooperation of local corporations, government programs and educational institutions, the creation of educational partnership programs for teleconferencing with local schools can have a major impact on today's learner, their motivation and the duration of their lifetime goals through the use of a resource every child is familiar with: the internet. By combining the technology that currently exists to us, the new technology of Video teleconferencing and the knowledge held by local businesses and leaders, our students will not only be encouraged to increase their learning of current topics of study, but also to increase their awareness of community efforts, to improve communication skills through online collaboration and interviewing, to work cooperatively with others in and outside of school, and to build an interactive network of professional contacts which will work as an immediate resource of information and as a source of motivation for their futures and future jobs.

The Rowland Universal Dementia Assessment Scale (RUDAS) is a six-domain screening tool for dementia. We measured the practicality and reliability of administering the RUDAS in a telemedicine setting. Inpatients were recruited from a Geriatric and Rehabilitation Unit. Each patient was administered the RUDAS both face-to-face (FTF) and via videoconferencing (VC). The assessment format (FTF or VC) and the allocation of doctor (Doctor 1 or Doctor 2) to format were randomized. Scores from each assessment format were compared. The outcome of no difference was decided based on a difference in mean of no more than ± one point. Percentage agreement (agreement being ±2 points) was calculated on individual test scores. Forty-two patients (average age 75 years) completed the two assessments. Their mean Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score was 24.7 (range 10-30). The mean RUDAS score for both FTF and VC assessment was 24.9 (difference between the means 0.04), i.e. there was no significant ...

- by Melinda Martin-Khan
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- Information Systems, Biomedical Engineering, Dementia, Telemedicine

Enrollment in courses taught remotely in higher education has been on the rise, with a recent surge in response to a global pandemic. While adapting this form of teaching, instructors familiar with traditional face-to-face methods are now met with a new set of challenges, including students not turning on their cameras during synchronous class meetings held via videoconferencing. After transitioning to emergency remote instruction in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, our introductory biology course shifted all in-person laboratory sections into synchronous class meetings held via the Zoom videoconferencing program. Out of consideration for students, we established a policy that video camera use during class was optional, but encouraged. However, by the end of the semester, several of our instructors and students reported lower than desired camera use that diminished the educational experience. We surveyed students to better understand why they did not turn on their cameras. We confirmed several predicted reasons including the most frequently reported: being concerned about personal appearance. Other reasons included being concerned about other people and the physical location being seen in the background and having a weak in-ternet connection, all of which our exploratory analyses suggest may disproportionately influence underrepresented minorities. Additionally, some students revealed to us that social norms also play a role in camera use. This information was used to develop strategies to encourage-without requiring-camera use while promoting equity and inclusion. Broadly, these strategies are to not require camera use, explicitly encourage usage while establishing norms, address potential distractions, engage students with active learning, and understand your students' challenges through surveys. While the demographics and needs of students vary by course and institution, our recommendations will likely be directly helpful to many instructors and also serve as a model for gathering data to develop strategies more tailored for other student populations.

- by Frank R Castelli and +1
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- Distance Education, Higher Education, Pedagogy, Online Learning

Multimodal studies, and specifically, Multimodal Discourse Analysis (MDA), are a relatively new research approach. MDA has garnered a lot of interest among researchers since the beginning of the 21st Century, but as a research approach it faces three key challenges: finding appropriate theories and frameworks for modelling semiotic phenomena, the modelling of semiotic choices and meaning, and understanding complex semiotic spaces that are examined, but also influenced by, researchers. In this paper, after providing an historical context for MDA, I describe each of these challenges in relation to my Master of Research thesis which presents a case study that examines videoconferencing
in an online teacher training program

This chapter is a case study of the Remote Teaching (i.e. teaching via video-conferencing) that is being undertaken by the British Council and other stakeholders in state primary schools in Uruguay to 8-11 year-olds. The case study will focus especially on the remote teacher and examine what skills and experience are both necessary and desirable for learning to take place in this context.

- by Graham Stanley and +1
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- Information Technology, Technology, Teaching English as a Second Language, Computer Assisted Language Learning

Health disparities have been widely recognized as a problem throughout the world. This paper provided a strengthened collaborative virtual framework for overcoming barriers towards accepting complementary and alternative medical practice into conventional healthcare system. Quantitative and qualitative data were gathered with semi-structured questionnaires and interviews from General Practitioners (GPs) with Complementary and Alternative Medicine (CAM) knowledge, CAM Practitioners with biomedicine knowledge, CAM patients, and scholars. 2,760 semi-structured questionnaires exploring knowledge, attitudes, and skills' barriers to integrative medical collaboration efforts were administered. Focus group discussions were held interviewing GPs, CAM practitioners, and others claiming effective prescriptions. Practitioners' team meetings, retreats, interaction, and prescription operations were observed. In this study, a videoconferencing-based healthcare services delivery system was developed and implemented for seamless exchange of healthcare information. 2,591 (93.5%) questionnaires representing 657 physicians (23.80%), 997 CAM practitioners (36.12%), 855 patients (30.98%), and 82 healthcare researchers (2.97%) responded, while 169 (6.12%) declined response. Fifty-two percent of the 657 GPs still referred patients for CAM treatments. Patients found complementary approaches more aligned with "their own values, beliefs, and philosophical orientations". Non-medical acceptance of CAM (43.27%) continued impeding CAM growth in Nigeria. CAM practitioners require evidence-based knowledge towards finding solutions and suggestions for seamlessly integrating CAM with modern healthcare practices.

Η διάδοση της χρήσης του βίντεο, ως σύγχρονη μορφή επικοινωνίας, άλλαξε τα δεδομένα τόσο στην επικοινωνία των ανθρώπων όσο και στις εφαρμογές της εξΑΕ. Η τηλεδιάσκεψη αποτελεί, πλέον, ένα διαδεδομένο μέσο επικοινωνίας στην εξΑΕ και χρησιμοποιείται στη σχολική εξΑΕ, σε εξΑΕ προγράμματα τριτοβάθμιας εκπαίδευσης αλλά και σε εξΑΕ επιμορφωτικά προγράμματα. Η βιβλιογραφία, άλλωστε, αποδεικνύει το ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον των ερευνητών για τη μελέτη της. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η παρουσίαση του ερευνητικού ενδιαφέροντος για την τηλεδιάσκεψη στο επιστημονικό πεδίο της εξΑΕ. Μέσω μιας εστιασμένης βιβλιογραφικής ανασκόπησης εγχώριων και διεθνών βιβλιογραφικών πηγών καταγράφονται τα αντικείμενα της ερευνητικής δραστηριότητας, αλλά και τα συμπεράσματα που προέκυψαν, σε σχέση με την εφαρμογή της τηλεδιάσκεψης και του σύγχρονου τρόπου επικοινωνίας στη εξΑΕ. Από τα ευρήματα της έρευνας προκύπτει πως η ερευνητική δραστηριότητα για την τηλεδιάσκεψη στην Ελλάδα είναι περιορισμένη σε σχέση με τη διεθνή βιβλιογραφία, καθώς και το ότι η τηλεδιάσκεψη δεν έχει μελετηθεί ιδιαίτερα ως προς τη λειτουργία της μάθησης σε ατομικό και ομαδικό επίπεδο.

- by Athanasios Kanellopoulos and +1
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- E-learning, Distance Education, Distance Learning, Open and Distance Education

JSTOR is a not-for-profit service that helps scholars, researchers, and students discover, use, and build upon a wide range of content in a trusted digital archive. We use information technology and tools to increase productivity and... more

- by Marnie Ginsberg and +1
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- Program Evaluation, Literacy, Early Intervention, Research Methodology

CONTENIDO: I-.INTRODUCCIÓN. – II-.VIDEOCONFERENCIA EN CHILE. – 1-. Evolución de la Utilización de Videoconferencias en el Proceso Penal Chileno. – 1.1-. Videoconferencia en el Código de Procedimiento Penal. – 1.2-. Videoconferencia en el nuevo Código Procesal Penal. – A-. Periodo 2000 a 2005. – a) Contribución de la Jurisprudencia. – a.1) Excelentísima Corte Suprema de Justicia. – a.2) Tribunales Ordinarios de Justicia. – b) Recepción de criterios por parte del Ministerio Público. – B-. Estado de la Videoconferencia con posterioridad al año 2005. – C-. Videoconferencia Internacional en el Proceso Penal Chileno. – a) Legitimación Dogmática de la Utilización de Videoconferencia Internacional en el Proceso Penal. – b) Recepción Jurisprudencial. – III-. CONCLUSIONES.

This study is developmental research attempting to explore a practical model to teach English speaking in distance courses via videoconferencing technology. Therefore, the Dick and Carey instructional model design is used as guidelines in developing a proposed English Speaking Teaching Model (ESTM). The research was divided into four phases. The first phase featured the examination of stakeholders' perceptions, i.e. distance learning centre administrators (DLCs), DLC teaching assistants, broadcasting English teachers, and students who were studying via video-conferencing. In the second phase, the primary teaching model was designed based on the conceptual framework and the results from Phase 1. In the third and fourth phases, the evaluation of the model effectiveness was implemented in three trials: one-to-one, small group, and field trials. In each trial, a pre-test and a post-test were employed to examine students' speaking abilities before and after the application of each revised model. Additionally, thorough feedback was collected through researcher's observation notes, course teacher and teaching assistant journals and students' interviews. A questionnaire was also employed to examine students' satisfaction after studying through the ESTM in the last trial. Results from both data revealed that the students were satisfied with the proposed model. The suggestions from students' interviews, teachers' journals and observation notes were employed to revise the third model draft, to be used as the final ESTM, which comprises teaching activities in six stages: a speaking pre-test at the beginning of the course, study before class, teaching and practice time in class, lesson review after class, a speaking mid-test during the course, and a speaking post-test at the end of the course.

Successful management of diabetes requires frequent appointments with healthcare professionals, many of which take place in hospital outpatient departments. Trips to hospital can be both burdensome and expensive for patients. Several studies have investigated the feasibility and effectiveness of videoconferencing for remote provision of diabetes care, but most have focused on behavioural therapy interventions such as diabetes education, selfmanagement training, and nutrition consultations which are commonly provided by nonphysician health professionals. A few clinical trials have reported the clinical outcome of videoconferencing for diabetes care, but no study has been reported on the reliability of video consultation for diabetes specialised care.

- by Farhad Fatehi
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- Videoconferencing

Clinical supervision and training are now widely available online. In this article, three of the most accessible and widely adopted new developments in clinical supervision and training technology are described: Videoconference supervision, cloud-based file sharing software, and clinical outcome tracking software. Partial transcripts from two online supervision sessions are provided as examples of videoconferencebased supervision. The benefits and limitations of technology in supervision and training are discussed, with an emphasis on supervision process, ethics, privacy, and security. Recommendations for supervision practice are made, including methods to enhance experiential learning, the supervisory working alliance, and online security. C Psychotherapy supervision and training are rapidly moving online. A Google search reveals psychotherapy training via Internet-based videoconference in virtually all major psychotherapeutic modalities, including acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT), dialectical-behavioral therapy (DBT), emotion-focused therapy (EFT), eyemovement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR), intensive short-term dynamic psychotherapy (ISTDP), and psychoanalysis, among others. Clinical supervisors are quickly integrating numerous new technologies into their practice, including webcams, tablet computers (e.g., the iPad), the Internet "cloud," web-based software for tracking clinical outcomes, and smartphone applications, or "apps" (e.g., www.isupelive.com).

- by Allan Abbass
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- Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Cognitive Science, Distance Education

Telemedicine refers to the use of telecommunications technology to provide health care and medical information. The practice of medicine--and dermatology in particular--is undergoing a great upheaval due to advances in information technology. This article briefly reviews the origin, development, applications, benefits, methodology, and components of telemedicine. Specifically, we will analyze the types and applications of teledermatology, paying particular attention to technical, organizational, and legal aspects.

- by Guillermo Romero
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- Information Technology, Health Care, Global Health, Forecasting

Η τηλεδιάσκεψη αποτελεί ένα επικοινωνιακό μέσο που δημιουργεί συνθήκες για την εξ αποστάσεως διδασκαλία πολύ κοντινές προς αυτές της δια ζώσης, ενώ δεν έχει μελετηθεί ιδιαίτερα ως προς τις παιδαγωγικές αρχές της εξΑΕ αλλά ούτε και ως προς τη λειτουργία της μάθησης. Σκοπός της παρούσας εργασίας είναι η διερεύνηση της σχέσης θεωριών, αρχών και γνωστικών προσεγγίσεων της οπτικοακουστικής μάθησης και αντίληψης με τη μαθησιακή διαδικασία μέσω τηλεδιάσκεψης στην εξΑΕ. Πρόκειται για μια θεωρητική εργασία που στηρίζεται στη βιβλιογραφική ανασκόπηση χωρίς, όμως, να συνιστά μία τυπική έρευνα βιβλιογραφικής ανασκόπησης. Οι κοινωνικο-συναισθηματικές σχέσεις μιας τηλε-κοινότητας διερεύνησης επηρεάζονται από τα οπτικοακουστικά μηνύματα (λεκτικά και μη) που εκπέμπονται, τα οποία και επιδρούν στην τηλε-γνωστική, στην τηλε-διδακτική και στην τηλε-κοινωνική παρουσία. Με την τηλεδιάσκεψη να αποτελεί ένα πολυμεσικό εργαλείο επικοινωνίας, η γνώση των οπτικοακουστικών θεωριών μάθησης είναι σημαντική. Η μάθηση μέσω τηλεδιάσκεψης στηρίζεται στην αισθητηριακή, και κυρίως στην οπτική, αντίληψη. Έτσι, οι αισθήσεις και οι δράσεις του σώματος των συμμετεχόντων στην τηλεδιάσκεψη θα πρέπει να οδηγούν σε μία αίσθηση «πραγματικότητας» στο συγκεκριμένο ηλεκτρονικό μαθησιακό περιβάλλον. Η επίδραση της οπτικοακουστικής αντίληψης και μάθησης στη μαθησιακή διαδικασία μέσω τηλεδιάσκεψης στην εξΑΕ αναδεικνύει, επίσης, τη σημασία της προσέγγισης της τελευταίας υπό το πρίσμα ενός νέου θεωρητικού πλαισίου, δεδομένου και των νέων συνθηκών που υπάρχουν στον χώρο της εκπαίδευσης στην Ελλάδα λόγω της υγειονομικής κρίσης που βιώνει η χώρα.

Remote interpreting, whereby the interpreter is physically separated from those who need the interpretation, has been investigated in relation to conference and healthcare settings. By contrast, very little is known about remote interpreting in legal proceedings, where this method of interpreting is increasingly used to optimise interpreters' availability. This paper reports the findings of an experimental study investigating the viability of videoconference-based remote interpreting in legal contexts. The study compared the quality of interpreter performance in traditional and remote interpreting, both using the consecutive mode. Two simulated police interviews of detainees, recreating authentic situations, were interpreted by eight interpreters with accreditation and professional experience in police interpreting. The languages involved were French (in most cases the interpreter's native language) and English. Each interpreter interpreted one of the interviews in remote interpreting, and the other in a traditional face-to-face setting. Various types of problem in the interpretations were analysed, quantitatively and qualitatively. Among the key findings are a significantly higher number of interpreting problems, and a faster decline of interpreting performance over time, in remote interpreting. The paper gives details of these findings, and discusses the potential legal consequences of the problems identified.

- by Sabine Braun
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- Interpreting Studies, Videoconference, Videoconferencing, Police Interpreting

This study examined how longitudinal interaction impacts the development of second language (L2) oral proficiency in relation to learners' different experience and proficiency levels. Japanese English-as-a-Foreign-Language learners participated in weekly conversation exchanges with native speakers (NSs) in the US via videoconferencing tools over one academic semester (12 weeks). The participants' spontaneous speech, elicited from a story telling task before and after the treatment, was analyzed via a set of linguistic measures. In line with the componential view of L2 oral proficiency (De Jong et al., 2012) and development (Bundgaard-Nielsen et al., 2011), our results hinted L2 learners' experience and proficiency levels as a mediating factor for determining the link between interaction and its impact on different dimensions of L2 speech learning. While the longitudinal interaction equally improved the participants' grammatical complexity and articulation rate-a fundamental component for defining L2 oral proficiency, the development of less experienced/proficient learners was observed across a wide range of lexicogrammar and fluency features (lexical appropriateness/richness, grammatical accuracy, pause ratio). It was only more experienced/proficient learners that significantly enhanced phonological accuracies (segmentals, word stress) which are thought to gradually develop in the later stages of L2 speech learning. These findings add another piece of evidence for the differential effects of long-term interaction relative to L2 learners' developmental stages.

- by Shungo Suzuki
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- Videoconferencing, L2 learning, L2 speech perception and production