Anglo-Scottish border (original) (raw)
La frontière entre l'Angleterre et l'Écosse, en anglais Anglo-Scottish border, English-Scottish border ou The Border, en scots Scots-Inglis Border, est une limite administrative infranationale délimitant deux des quatre nations constitutives du Royaume-Uni : l'Angleterre au sud et l'Écosse au nord. Intégralement située sur l'île de Grande-Bretagne, elle la traverse d'est en ouest, respectivement de la mer du Nord à la mer d'Irlande.
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| dbo:abstract | Anglicko-skotská hranice (anglicky English-Scottish border, místně známá jako The Border) je oficiální hranicí a označením při vstupu mezi Skotskem a Anglií. Má délku 96 mil (154 km) mezi řekou Tweed na východním pobřeží a Solway Firth na západě. Jedná se o jedinou skotskou pozemní hranici. Anglie sdílí s Walesem. Ačkoliv je hranice známa odpradávna, oficiálně byla potvrzena v roce 1237, podle mezi Anglií a Skotskem, s výjimkou malé oblasti kolem Berwicku (na SV konci hranice), která byla anektována Anglií v roce 1482. Jedná se tedy o jednu z nejstarších dochovaných hranic ve světě, i když Berwick nebyl zpočátku plně Anglií anektován. (Až do roku 1885 nebyl zahrnut pod Northumberland pro parlamentní účely). Po staletí byla tato oblast na obou stranách hranice zatěžována bezprávím následkem přepadů, které páchali tzv. Border Reivers (pohraniční loupežníci). I po smlouvě z roku 1707, kterou bylo Skotsko de iure spojeno s Anglií do formy Království Velké Británie, tato hranice od sebe odděluje dva do určité míry odlišné právní systémy a odlišnou jurisdikci. Tato smlouva garantovala následnost jak anglického, tak skotského práva. Věk zletilosti je podle skotského práva 16 let, zatímco podle anglického práva se jedná o 18 let. Pohraniční obce , a byly vhodné pro uprchlíky z Anglie, kteří se chtěli oženit či vdát pod skotským právem bez publicity. Mořská hranice byla určena podle tak, že je hranicí v oblasti teritoriálních vod (do vzdálenosti 12 mil (19 km)), 0.09 km severně od hranice , schválených dle zákona Civil Jurisdiction (Offshore Activities) Order 1987. Hranice je v místech silnic označena dopravními značkami, vítající cestovatele vstupující z obou stran do Skotska nebo do Anglie. (cs) La frontera entre Anglaterra i Escòcia recorre 96 milles (154 km) entre a la costa oriental i el Solway Firth a la costa occidental. És l'única frontera terrestre d'Escòcia i una de les dues d'Anglaterra (l'altre és amb el País de Gal·les). El Firth of Forth era la frontera entre el picto gaèlic Regne d'Alba i l'angle regne de Northumbria a principis del segle x. Va esdevenir la primera frontera anglo-escocesa amb l'annexió de Northumbria per l'Anglaterra anglosaxona a mitjans del segle x. En 973, Kenneth II d'Escòcia va atendre al rei anglès, Edgar el Pacífic al . Després que Kenneth li retés homenatge, segons s'informa, Edgar el va recompensar amb la concessió de . Malgrat aquesta transacció, finalment el control de no va ser resolt i la regió va ser presa pels escocesos en la en 1018, i el riu Tweed es va convertir en la frontera angloescocesa de facto. La línia Solway-Tweed va ser legalment establerta en 1237 pel entre Anglaterra i Escòcia. Segueix sent la frontera actualment, amb l'excepció de les , al nord de Carlisle, i una petita àrea al voltant de , que va ser en 1482. És una de les fronteres establertes més antigues del món, encara que Berwick no va ser a Anglaterra fins a 1746, per la . Durant segles abans de la Unió de les Corones, la regió a l'altre costat de la frontera era un territori sense llei que va patir diverses incursió a cada sentit dels . Després del , ratificat per l'Acta d'Unió (1707), que unia Escòcia amb Anglaterra i Gal·les per formar el Regne de la Gran Bretanya, la frontera continua formant el límit de dues jurisdiccions jurídiques separades, ja que el tractat entre ambdós països garantia la continuïtat de la separació del dret anglès i el dret escocès. La majoria d'edat sota el dret escocès és de 16 anys, mentre que és de 18 anys sota el dret anglès. Els assetnaments fronterers de a l'oest i Coldstream i a l'est eren convenients per escapolir-se d'Anglaterra que volien casar-se sota les lleis escoceses, i es casaven sense publicitat. La frontera marina és ajustada per l' de manera que la frontera en aigües territorials (fins a 19 km) al nord del límit de les establertes per l'Orde de Jurisdicció Civil (Activitats Offshore) de 1987. (ca) The Anglo-Scottish border (Scottish Gaelic: Crìochan Anglo-Albannach) is a border separating Scotland and England which runs for 96 miles (154 km) between Marshall Meadows Bay on the east coast and the Solway Firth in the west. The surrounding area is sometimes referred to as "the Borderlands". The Firth of Forth was the border between the Picto-Gaelic Kingdom of Alba and the Anglian Kingdom of Northumbria in the early 10th century. It became the first Anglo-Scottish border with the annexation of Northumbria by Anglo-Saxon England in the mid-10th century. In 973, Kenneth, King of Scots attended the English king, Edgar the Peaceful, at his council in Chester. After Kenneth had reportedly done homage, Edgar rewarded Kenneth by granting him Lothian. Despite this transaction, the control of Lothian was not finally settled and the region was taken by the Scots at the Battle of Carham in 1018 and the River Tweed became the de facto Anglo-Scottish border. The Solway–Tweed line was legally established in 1237 by the Treaty of York between England and Scotland. It remains the border today, with the exception of the Debatable Lands, north of Carlisle, and a small area around Berwick-upon-Tweed, which was taken by England in 1482. Berwick was not fully annexed into England until 1746, by the Wales and Berwick Act 1746. For centuries until the Union of the Crowns the region on either side of the boundary was a lawless territory suffering from the repeated raids in each direction of the Border Reivers. Following the Treaty of Union 1706, ratified by the Acts of Union 1707, which united Scotland with England and Wales to form the Kingdom of Great Britain, the Border forms the boundary of the two legal systems as the treaty between Scotland and England guaranteed the continued separation of English law and Scots law. The age of marriage under Scots law is 16, while it is 18 under English law. The border settlements of Gretna Green to the west, and Coldstream and Lamberton to the east, were convenient for elopers from England who wanted to marry under Scottish laws, and marry without publicity. The marine boundary was adjusted by the Scottish Adjacent Waters Boundaries Order 1999 so that the boundary within the territorial waters (up to the 12-mile (19 km) limit) is 90 metres (300 ft) north of the boundary for oil installations established by the Civil Jurisdiction (Offshore Activities) Order 1987. The land border is near and roughly parallel to the 420 million-year-old Iapetus Suture. (en) La frontera anglo-escocesa (en inglés: Anglo-Scottish Border; en gaélico escocés: Crìochan Anglo-Albannach) separa a las naciones constituyentes británicas de Inglaterra y Escocia. Tiene una extensión de 154 kilómetros entre Marshall Meadows Bay en la costa este y Solway Firth en el oeste. El Fiordo de Forth era la frontera entre el Picto-gaélico Reino de Alba y el Reino anglo de Northumbria a principios del siglo X. Se convirtió en la primera frontera anglo-escocesa con la anexión de Northumbria por la Inglaterra anglosajona a mediados del siglo X. En 973, Kenneth, rey de Escocia, asistió al rey inglés Edgar el Pacífico en su asamblea en Chester. Después de que Kenneth supuestamente le rindió homenaje, Edgar recompensó a Kenneth otorgándole Lothian. A pesar de esta transacción, el control de Lothian no se resolvió finalmente y la región fue tomada por los escoceses en la batalla de Carham en 1018 y el río Tweed se convirtió en la frontera anglo-escocesa de facto. La línea Solway-Tweed fue establecida legalmente en 1237 por el Tratado de York entre Inglaterra y Escocia. Sigue siendo la frontera actualmente, con la excepción de las "Tierras debatibles", al norte de Carlisle, y una pequeña área alrededor de Berwick-upon-Tweed, que fue tomada por Inglaterra en 1482. Berwick no se anexó completamente a Inglaterra hasta 1746 por una ley de ese año. Durante siglos, hasta la Unión de las Coronas, la región a ambos lados de la frontera fue un territorio sin ley que sufría las repetidas incursiones en cada dirección de los Border Reivers, un grupo de asaltantes de caminos. Tras el Tratado de la Unión de 1706, ratificado por las Actas de la Unión de 1707, que unieron Escocia con Inglaterra y Gales para formar el Reino de Gran Bretaña, la frontera forma el límite de los dos sistemas legales, ya que el tratado entre Escocia e Inglaterra garantizaba la continuidad y separación de la ley inglesa y la ley escocesa. El límite marino fue ajustado por la Orden de Límites de Aguas Adyacentes de Escocia de 1999 de modo que el límite dentro de las aguas territoriales (hasta el límite de 12 millas (19 km)) sea 90 metros al norte del límite para instalaciones petroleras establecido por la Orden de Jurisdicción Civil (Actividades Offshore) de 1987. (es) La frontière entre l'Angleterre et l'Écosse, en anglais Anglo-Scottish border, English-Scottish border ou The Border, en scots Scots-Inglis Border, est une limite administrative infranationale délimitant deux des quatre nations constitutives du Royaume-Uni : l'Angleterre au sud et l'Écosse au nord. Intégralement située sur l'île de Grande-Bretagne, elle la traverse d'est en ouest, respectivement de la mer du Nord à la mer d'Irlande. (fr) Il confine tra Inghilterra e Scozia, conosciuto anche come confine anglo-scozzese (in inglese: Anglo-Scottish border, o semplicemente The Border; in scots: Inglis-Scots border), è il confine che divide le due nazioni costitutive più estese del Regno Unito. Insegna di benvenuto al confine sulla strada statale A7.Confine nello specifico.Il Vallo di Adriano. (it) Англо-шотландская граница — административная граница между Англией и Шотландией протяжённостью 154 км. Первые 27 км от Северного моря проходит по реке Туид, на западе доходит до залива Солуэй-Ферт. (ru) Англо-шотландський кордон — адміністративний кордон між Англією та Шотландією завдовжки 154 км. Прямує від затоки 27 км по річці Твід, на заході доходить до затоки Солвей-Ферт. Ферт-оф-Форт був кордоном між пікто-гельським королівством Альба та англійським королівством Нортумбрія на початку 10 століття. Він став першим англо-шотландським кордоном до анексії Нортумбрії Англосаксонською Англією в середині 10 століття. В 973 король Шотландії Кеннет отримав Лотіан від англійського короля Едгара Мирного. Незважаючи на цю трансакцію, контроль над Лотіаном не був остаточно врегульований, і регіон був захоплений шотландцями в 1018 році, а річка Твід стала фактично англо-шотландським кордоном. Лінія Солвей-Твід була юридично встановлена в 1237 р. між Англією та Шотландією. Залишається кордоном на початок ХХІ сторіччя, за винятком , на північ від Карлайла, і невеликої території навколо Бервік-апон-Твід, яку в 1482 р., Бервік був остаточно приєднаний до Англії в 1746, коли було прийнято (uk) 英蘇邊界是英格蘭和蘇格蘭之間的正式邊界和入境標示，全長154公里，從東岸的特威德河延伸至西岸的。這邊界是蘇格蘭唯一一條陸地邊界，而英格蘭則接鄰威爾斯有更長的。 雖然英格蘭和蘇格蘭在很久以前已經有事實上的邊界，但兩國於1237年才簽訂《》確立；英格蘭於1482年從蘇格蘭奪取卡萊爾以北和巴域的小部分地方，稱為「爭議之地」。這是世界上現存古老邊界之一，縱然巴域起初仍未被英格蘭吞併──該地於1885年才因議會緣故而歸屬諾森伯倫。 在前幾個世紀，邊界的兩側都受「」肆虐，而成為不受法律管束之地。 《》生效後，英格蘭和蘇格蘭組成大不列顛王國，但英格蘭法律和仍然各自有效，因此這邊界分別出兩個不同司法管轄區。例如，蘇格蘭法律規定的成年年齡是16歲，而英格蘭法律是18歲，所以邊界附近的英格蘭人可以私奔到蘇格蘭，以蘇格蘭法律私底下結婚。 英蘇的海上邊界經《1999年蘇格蘭水域法令》修改，其領海範圍是《1987年民事司法管轄權（離岸活動）法令》設立的北海油田範圍以北0.09公里。 邊界兩側各有歡迎遊客進入英格蘭和蘇格蘭的告示牌。 (zh) |
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| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | http://www.hodgson-clan.net/border-clans-and-american-migration.htm http://www.bdonline.co.uk/what-did-scotland-do-for-architecture%3F/5070540.article https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=NwS2Eig-Y5oC&lpg=PT242&pg=PT242%23v=onepage&q&f=false https://www.youtube.com/watch%3Fv=9DqZYsckBwI&ab_channel=JayForeman |
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| dbp:caption | The A1 road crossing the border between Scotland and England. Entry to Scotland is marked by three Scottish saltires and entry into England is marked by three flags of Northumberland (en) |
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| dbp:currentreason | dbr:Scottish_Adjacent_Waters_Boundaries_Order_1999 |
| dbp:established | 1237-09-25 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:establishedreason | Signing of the Treaty of York (en) |
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| dbp:length | 96.0 (dbd:mile) |
| dbp:name | Anglo-Scottish Border (en) Crìochan Anglo-Albannach (en) |
| dbp:notes | See also: Wars of Scottish Independence (en) |
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| gold:hypernym | dbr:Border |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing dbo:Bridge |
| rdfs:comment | La frontière entre l'Angleterre et l'Écosse, en anglais Anglo-Scottish border, English-Scottish border ou The Border, en scots Scots-Inglis Border, est une limite administrative infranationale délimitant deux des quatre nations constitutives du Royaume-Uni : l'Angleterre au sud et l'Écosse au nord. Intégralement située sur l'île de Grande-Bretagne, elle la traverse d'est en ouest, respectivement de la mer du Nord à la mer d'Irlande. (fr) Il confine tra Inghilterra e Scozia, conosciuto anche come confine anglo-scozzese (in inglese: Anglo-Scottish border, o semplicemente The Border; in scots: Inglis-Scots border), è il confine che divide le due nazioni costitutive più estese del Regno Unito. Insegna di benvenuto al confine sulla strada statale A7.Confine nello specifico.Il Vallo di Adriano. (it) Англо-шотландская граница — административная граница между Англией и Шотландией протяжённостью 154 км. Первые 27 км от Северного моря проходит по реке Туид, на западе доходит до залива Солуэй-Ферт. (ru) 英蘇邊界是英格蘭和蘇格蘭之間的正式邊界和入境標示，全長154公里，從東岸的特威德河延伸至西岸的。這邊界是蘇格蘭唯一一條陸地邊界，而英格蘭則接鄰威爾斯有更長的。 雖然英格蘭和蘇格蘭在很久以前已經有事實上的邊界，但兩國於1237年才簽訂《》確立；英格蘭於1482年從蘇格蘭奪取卡萊爾以北和巴域的小部分地方，稱為「爭議之地」。這是世界上現存古老邊界之一，縱然巴域起初仍未被英格蘭吞併──該地於1885年才因議會緣故而歸屬諾森伯倫。 在前幾個世紀，邊界的兩側都受「」肆虐，而成為不受法律管束之地。 《》生效後，英格蘭和蘇格蘭組成大不列顛王國，但英格蘭法律和仍然各自有效，因此這邊界分別出兩個不同司法管轄區。例如，蘇格蘭法律規定的成年年齡是16歲，而英格蘭法律是18歲，所以邊界附近的英格蘭人可以私奔到蘇格蘭，以蘇格蘭法律私底下結婚。 英蘇的海上邊界經《1999年蘇格蘭水域法令》修改，其領海範圍是《1987年民事司法管轄權（離岸活動）法令》設立的北海油田範圍以北0.09公里。 邊界兩側各有歡迎遊客進入英格蘭和蘇格蘭的告示牌。 (zh) La frontera entre Anglaterra i Escòcia recorre 96 milles (154 km) entre a la costa oriental i el Solway Firth a la costa occidental. És l'única frontera terrestre d'Escòcia i una de les dues d'Anglaterra (l'altre és amb el País de Gal·les). Durant segles abans de la Unió de les Corones, la regió a l'altre costat de la frontera era un territori sense llei que va patir diverses incursió a cada sentit dels . (ca) Anglicko-skotská hranice (anglicky English-Scottish border, místně známá jako The Border) je oficiální hranicí a označením při vstupu mezi Skotskem a Anglií. Má délku 96 mil (154 km) mezi řekou Tweed na východním pobřeží a Solway Firth na západě. Jedná se o jedinou skotskou pozemní hranici. Anglie sdílí s Walesem. Po staletí byla tato oblast na obou stranách hranice zatěžována bezprávím následkem přepadů, které páchali tzv. Border Reivers (pohraniční loupežníci). Hranice je v místech silnic označena dopravními značkami, vítající cestovatele vstupující z obou stran do Skotska nebo do Anglie. (cs) The Anglo-Scottish border (Scottish Gaelic: Crìochan Anglo-Albannach) is a border separating Scotland and England which runs for 96 miles (154 km) between Marshall Meadows Bay on the east coast and the Solway Firth in the west. The surrounding area is sometimes referred to as "the Borderlands". (en) La frontera anglo-escocesa (en inglés: Anglo-Scottish Border; en gaélico escocés: Crìochan Anglo-Albannach) separa a las naciones constituyentes británicas de Inglaterra y Escocia. Tiene una extensión de 154 kilómetros entre Marshall Meadows Bay en la costa este y Solway Firth en el oeste. Durante siglos, hasta la Unión de las Coronas, la región a ambos lados de la frontera fue un territorio sin ley que sufría las repetidas incursiones en cada dirección de los Border Reivers, un grupo de asaltantes de caminos. (es) Англо-шотландський кордон — адміністративний кордон між Англією та Шотландією завдовжки 154 км. Прямує від затоки 27 км по річці Твід, на заході доходить до затоки Солвей-Ферт. Ферт-оф-Форт був кордоном між пікто-гельським королівством Альба та англійським королівством Нортумбрія на початку 10 століття. Він став першим англо-шотландським кордоном до анексії Нортумбрії Англосаксонською Англією в середині 10 століття. В 973 король Шотландії Кеннет отримав Лотіан від англійського короля Едгара Мирного. Незважаючи на цю трансакцію, контроль над Лотіаном не був остаточно врегульований, і регіон був захоплений шотландцями в 1018 році, а річка Твід стала фактично англо-шотландським кордоном. Лінія Солвей-Твід була юридично встановлена в 1237 р. між Англією та Шотландією. Залишається кордоном (uk) |
| rdfs:label | Anglo-Scottish border (en) Frontera entre Anglaterra i Escòcia (ca) Anglicko-skotská hranice (cs) Frontera Escocia-Inglaterra (es) Confine tra Inghilterra e Scozia (it) Frontière entre l'Angleterre et l'Écosse (fr) Англо-шотландская граница (ru) Англо-шотландський кордон (uk) 英蘇邊界 (zh) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:Scottish_Marches |
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| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Anglo-Scottish_border?oldid=1121620838&ns=0 |
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