John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (original) (raw)
John Churchill, 1. vévoda z Marlborough (anglicky John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, dříve česky též „Malbruk“, 26. května 1650 – 16. června 1722) byl anglický šlechtic a vojevůdce, který se proslavil za válek o španělské dědictví. Spolu s Evženem Savojským patřil k předním osobnostem koalice proti Francii, byl členem britské vlády, rytířem Podvazkového řádu a v roce 1702 získal titul vévody z Marlborough. Za zásluhy mu byl na státní náklady postaven zámek Blenheim Palace, který je dodnes majetkem jeho potomstva. Zemřel bez mužského potomstva a titul vévody později přešel na spřízněný rod Spencerů, který užívá jméno Spencer-Churchill. K jeho potomstvu patří mimo jiné Winston Churchill nebo princezna Diana.
,_attributed_to_Michael_Dahl_91996.jpg?width=300)
| Property | Value |
|---|---|
| dbo:abstract | John Churchill, 1. vévoda z Marlborough (anglicky John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, dříve česky též „Malbruk“, 26. května 1650 – 16. června 1722) byl anglický šlechtic a vojevůdce, který se proslavil za válek o španělské dědictví. Spolu s Evženem Savojským patřil k předním osobnostem koalice proti Francii, byl členem britské vlády, rytířem Podvazkového řádu a v roce 1702 získal titul vévody z Marlborough. Za zásluhy mu byl na státní náklady postaven zámek Blenheim Palace, který je dodnes majetkem jeho potomstva. Zemřel bez mužského potomstva a titul vévody později přešel na spřízněný rod Spencerů, který užívá jméno Spencer-Churchill. K jeho potomstvu patří mimo jiné Winston Churchill nebo princezna Diana. (cs) John Churchill va ser un militar i estadista anglès, 1r Duc de Marlborough, Príncep de Mindelheim, cavaller de l'Orde de la Lligacama i membre del Consell Privat del Regne Unit, la carrera del qual s'estengué sota cinc monarques a cavall dels segles xvii i xviii. Va entrar a la cort de Jaume, Duc de York el 1665 a baix de tot de la jerarquia com a patge. A poc a poc va ascendir militar i políticament gràcies al seu valor militar i a les seves habilitats diplomàtiques. El paper de Churchill en la derrota de la el 1685 ajudà a assegurar Jaume al tron, tot i que tres anys després abandonaria al seu patró catòlic pel neerlandès protestant Guillem d'Orange. Honorat pels seus serveis a la coronació de Guillem amb el Ducat de Marlborough, serví distingidament a la Guerra dels Nou Anys, però els canvis persistents del jacobitisme el van fer caure del seu lloc i va ser empresonat a la Torre de Londres. No va ser fins a l'ascensió al tron de la Reina Anna el 1702 que Marlborough no assolí el zenit del seu poder i assegurà la seva fama i fortuna. El seu casament amb la temperamental (amiga íntima d'Anna) assegurà la seva puixança, primer com a Capità General de les forces britàniques, i després amb un ducat. Va esdevenir de facto el líder de les forces aliades durant la Guerra de Successió Espanyola i les seves victòries als camps de Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), Oudenaarde (1708) i Malplaquet (1709) van assegurar el seu lloc a la història com un dels grans generals europeus. Però la tempestuosa relació de la seva dona amb la Reina, i el seu posterior allunyament de la cort van ser cabdals en la seva caiguda. Amb el menyspreu d'Anna, i pres entre les faccions Tory i Whig, Marlborough, que havia portat glòria i èxit al regnat d'Anna, va ser allunyat del poder i marxà a un autoimposat exili. Tornà a Anglaterra sota la influència de la Casa de Hannover amb l'ascens al tron de Jordi I el 1714, però després d'una sèrie d'infarts la seva salut es deteriorà gradualment i va morir el 16 de juny de 1722 a . La insaciable ambició de Marlborough el propulsà de la foscor a l'absoluta preeminència als afers britànics i europeus, va esdevenir el súbdit més ric d'Anna. Les connexions de la seva família el van fer present a l'entramat de la política europea. La seva germana Arabella va ser l'amant de Jaume II, i el seu fill, el Duc de Berwick, va emergir com un dels majors mariscals de Lluis XIV. Al llarg de deu campanyes consecutives durant la Guerra de Successió Espanyola, Marlborough va mantenir unida una coalició discordant mitjançant la seva força de personalitat i va elevar les forces britàniques a un nivell no vist des de l'edat mitjana. Tot i que al final no va poder aconseguir la capitulació de tots els seus enemics, les seves victòries van permetre que la Gran Bretanya emergís des de la perifèria a l'estatus de gran potència, el que va assegurar la creixent prosperitat del país durant el segle xviii. (ca) جون تشرشل الدوق الأول، لمارلبورو، وأمير ماندلهايم وعضو في وِسامُ رَبطَةِ السّاق (Order of the Garter) ومجلس الملكة الخاص ( /ˈmɑrlbərə/ وغالبًا ما تُنطق /ˈmɔ:lbrə/. ولد في 26 من مايو 1650م – 16 من يونيو 1722م النمط القديم) كان جنديًا إنجليزيًا ورجل دولة، امتدت حياته المهنية في ظل حكم خمسة ملوك. بدأ حياته المهنية كوصيف بسيط في البلاط الملكي لأسرة ستيوارت، حيث كان يخدم جيمس، دوق يورك في الفترة من 1670 وحتى أوائل 1680، ولكن بفضل شجاعته ومهاراته الدبلوماسية، ارتفع شأنه عسكريًا وسياسيًا. وقد ساعد تشرشل في تدعيم عرش الملك جيمس وذلك بعد أن أفشل تمرد مونماوث في عام 1685. ولكن بعد مضي ثلاث سنوات فقط، تخلى عن راعيه الكاثوليكي وتعهد بالولاء للأمير البروتستانتي الهولندي ويليام ملك أورانج. وكافأه الملك ويليام على خدماته بعد وصوله إلى العرش، فنصبه إيرلاً على مارلبورو. وقد تميز تشرشل بأدائه العسكري القوي في السنوات الأولى من حرب السنوات التسع، ولكن الاتهامات المستمرة الموجهة إليه من حركة اليعاقبة تسببت في سقوطه من منصبه وحبسه مؤقتًا في برج لندن. ولم يبلغ نفوذه ذروته ولم يستطع أن يحصن سمعته وثروته إلا في عهد الملكة آن التي تُوجت ملكة على بريطانيا عام 1702. وبفضل زيجته من سارة جينينغز حادة الطباع – والتي تربطها بالملكة آن علاقة صداقة حميمية – تولى عددًا من المناصب القيادية، بدايةً من القائد العام للقوات البريطانية، ونهايةً بمنحه لقب دوق. بعد ذلك أصبح القائد الفعلي لقوات التحالف أثناء حرب الخلافة الإسبانية، وحقق انتصارات في معارك بلينهايم (1704)، وراميس (1706)، وأودينارد (1708)، ومَعْرَكة مَالبلاكِيت (1709)، ومن ثم؛ أعلت تلك الانتصارات من مكانته التاريخية فصار واحدًا من أعظم جنرالات أوروبا. ولكن علاقة زوجته المضطربة مع الملكة وما تبع ذلك من طردها من البلاط، كانت السبب الرئيس في سقوطه. فمع تسبب دلك في سخط الملكة عليه، ووقوعه بين شقي رحى الفصيلين السياسيين الكبيرين المتمثلين في المحافظين (التوري) والويج، أُجبر دوق مارلبورو على ترك منصبه والتعرض للمنفى الاختياري، وذلك رغم ما حققه من مجد ونجاح في عهد الملكة آن. وقد عاد إلى إنجلترا ليبسط نفوذه وتأثيره في ظل حكم بيت هانوفر وذلك مع تولي جورج الأول لعرش بريطانيا في عام 1714. وقد جعله طموحه الغامر من أكثر رعايا الملكة آن ثراءً. كما استطاع أن يصبح جزءًا من نسيج السياسات الأوروبية بفضل نفوذ عائلته وعلاقاته (فقد كانت شقيقته أرابيلا خادمة الملك جيمس الثاني وجاريته، وصار ابنهما دوق بيرويك، واحدًا من أعظم مارشالات لويس الرابع عشر). عززت قيادته لجيوش الحلفاء من ظهور بريطانيا كقوة عظمى. كما نجح في المحافظة على الوحدة بين الحلفاء، وذلك نتيجة لما يتمتع به من حنكة دبلوماسية. فضلاً عن أنه تمكن بقوة شخصيته من تشكيل تحالف من القوى المتنافرة، وقيادتهم في عشر حملات متتالية أثناء حرب الخلافة الإسبانية. كما طور الأسلحة البريطانية إلى مستوى لم تعرفه البلاد منذ العصور الوسطى. ورغم أنه في النهاية لم يستطع إرغام أعدائه على الاستسلام الكامل، إلا أن انتصاراته نهضت ببريطانيا وحولتها إلى قوة عظمى، وحققت لها الرخاء المتواصل على مدار القرن الثامن عشر. (ar) John Churchill, 1. Duke of Marlborough, Fürst von Mindelheim KG PC (* 26. Mai 1650 in , Devonshire; † 16. Juni 1722 in , Berkshire) war englischer Feldherr im Spanischen Erbfolgekrieg und der erste Duke of Marlborough. (de) John Churchill, Marlborougheko I. dukea (Ashe House, Devon, 1650eko maiatzaren 26a - Windsor Lodge, 1722ko ekainaren 16a) Ingalaterrako militar eta politikaria izan zen. (eu) John Churchill, I Duque de Marlborough, I Príncipe de Mindelheim, I Conde de Nellenburg, Príncipe del Sacro Imperio Romano (Devonshire, Inglaterra, 26 de mayo de 1650-, 16 de junio de 1722) fue un hombre de armas y político inglés. Su vida abarca el reinado de cinco monarcas ingleses, entre mediados del siglo XVII y principios del siglo XVIII. Se distinguió como general en la Guerra de Sucesión española. La célebre canción popular "Mambrú se fue a la guerra" procede de una deformación de la fonética de su apellido. Fue antepasado de Winston Churchill. (es) General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, KG, PC (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 O.S.) was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs. From a gentry family, he served first as a page at the court of the House of Stuart under James, Duke of York, through the 1670s and early 1680s, earning military and political advancement through his courage and diplomatic skill. Churchill's role in defeating the Monmouth Rebellion in 1685 helped secure James on the throne, but he was a key player in the military conspiracy that led to James being deposed during the Glorious Revolution. Rewarded by William III with the title Earl of Marlborough, persistent charges of Jacobitism led to his fall from office and temporary imprisonment in the Tower of London. William recognised his abilities by appointing him as his deputy in Southern Netherlands (modern-day Belgium) before the War of the Spanish Succession in 1701, but not until the accession of Queen Anne in 1702 did he secure his fame and fortune. Marriage to Sarah Jennings and her relationship with Anne ensured Marlborough's rise, first to the captain-generalcy of British forces, then to a dukedom. As de facto leader of Allied forces in the Low Countries, his victories at Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), Oudenarde (1708), and Malplaquet (1709) ensured his place in history as one of Europe's great generals. His wife's stormy relationship with the Queen, and her subsequent dismissal from court, was central to his own fall. Incurring Anne's disfavour, and caught between Tory and Whig factions, Marlborough was forced from office and went into self-imposed exile. He returned to favour with the accession of George I to the British throne in 1714, but a stroke in 1716 ended his active career. Marlborough's leadership of the Allied armies fighting Louis XIV from 1701 to 1710 consolidated Britain's emergence as a front-rank power, while his ability to maintain unity in the fractious coalition demonstrated his diplomatic skills. He is often remembered by military historians as much for his organisational and logistic skills as his tactical abilities. However, he was also instrumental in moving away from the siege warfare that dominated the Nine Years' War, arguing one battle was worth ten sieges. (en) John Churchill, Adipati Marlborough Pertama, Pangeran Mindelheim (/ˈmɑːrlbərə/, sering kali dilafalkan /ˈmɔːrlbrə/; 26 Mei 1650 – 16 Juni 1722 ), adalah jenderal dan negarawan Inggris dengan karier selama masa kekuasaan lima raja dan ratu. Ia naik ke jabatannya dari latar belakang pelayan yang rendah di istana Wangsa Stuart; ia bekerja untuk James, Adipati York, selama tahun 1670-an dan awal 1680-an, dan pada masa itu berhasil memajukan karier militer dan politiknya berkat keberanian dan kemampuan diplomatiknya. Peranan Churchill dalam memadamkan pada tahun 1685 membantu mengamankan posisi James di tahta, tetapi tiga tahun kemudian ia meninggalkan James yang beragama Katolik dan bekerja untuk William III dari Inggris yang berlatar belakang Belanda Protestan. Ia diberi earldom sebagai penghargaan atas jasanya saat pemahkotaan William, dan kemudian kembali menunjukkan keberhasilannya pada awal Perang Sembilan Tahun. Namun, ia berulangkali dituduh sebagai seorang , sehingga ia sempat dipenjara di Menara London. Ia baru berhasil mencapai puncak kekuasaan, kemahsyuran, dan keberhasilan pada masa kekuasaan Ratu Anne pada tahun 1702. Pernikahannya dengan yang berdarah panas (dan juga teman dekat Anne) memastikan kenaikan jabatan Marlborough: pertama-tama sebagai pasukan Britania, dan kemudian adipati. Ia menjadi pemimpin de facto pasukan Aliansi selama Perang Penerus Spanyol: kemenangannya dalam medan perang di Blindheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), Oudenaarde (1708), dan Malplaquet (1709) memastikan posisinya sebagai salah satu jenderal terbesar Eropa. Namun, memburuknya hubungan istrinya dengan sang Ratu dan dikeluarkannya istrinya dari istana juga berdampak terhadap kejatuhan Marlborough. Karena membuat Anne tidak senang dan terhimpit di antara faksi dan , Marlborough yang telah membawa kejayaan dan keberhasilan dipaksa mundur dari jabatannya dan dengan sendirinya memutuskan untuk pergi ke pengasingan. Ia kembali ke Inggris setelah George I dari Wangsa Hannover menjadi Raja Inggris pada tahun 1714. Ambisi Marlborough yang menggebu-gebu membuatnya menjadi bawahan Anne yang paling kaya. Koneksi keluarga membawa Marlborough ke dalam politik Eropa (saudara perempuannya menjadi selir James II, dan anaknya menjadi salah satu marsekal terbesar Louis XIV dari Prancis). Kepemimpinannya atas angkatan bersenjata aliansi mmemperkuat kebangkitan Britania sebagai kekuatan terdepan. Ia berhasil menjaga kesatuan di antara negara-negara aliansi, sehingga menunjukkan kemampuan diplomatiknya. Walaupun ia tidak membuat musuhnya menyerah tanpa syarat, kemenangannya memungkikan Britania bangkit menjadi kekuatan besar selama abad ke-18. (in) John Churchill, né le 26 mai 1650 à Musbury en Angleterre et mort le 16 juin 1722 à Cumberland Lodge en Angleterre, comte puis 1er duc de Marlborough, est un général et homme politique anglais dont la carrière s’étend sur le règne de cinq monarques du XVIIe au XVIIIe siècle. D’abord page à la cour de la maison Stuart, il sert loyalement le duc d'York au cours des années 1670 et au début des années 1680, gagnant promotions militaires et politiques par son courage et son habileté diplomatique. Son rôle dans la défaite de la rébellion de Monmouth en 1685 contribue à l’accession de Jacques II au trône, mais Churchill abandonne trois ans plus tard son mentor catholique pour les protestants hollandais et Guillaume d'Orange. Récompensé pour son aide à l’accession au trône de Guillaume III avec le comté de Marlborough, il se distingue dans les premières années de la guerre de Neuf Ans ; cependant, la persistance du jacobitisme provoque sa chute et son emprisonnement temporaire à la tour de Londres. Ce n'est qu'à l’arrivée sur le trône de la reine Anne, en 1702, que Marlborough atteint l'apogée de ses pouvoirs et s'assure gloire et fortune. Son mariage avec Sarah Jennings, amie intime de la reine, lui assure en premier lieu le poste de commandant en chef des forces britanniques, puis la transformation de son comté en duché. Devenu de facto chef de file des forces alliées pendant la guerre de Succession d'Espagne, ses victoires sur les champs de bataille de Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706) et Audenarde (1708) le font rentrer dans l'histoire comme l'un des grands généraux d'Europe. En janvier 1711, à cause de sa relation orageuse avec la reine, Sarah est mise à l'écart de la Cour. Quelques mois plus tard, même s'il a apporté gloire et succès au règne, Marlborough perd ses fonctions pour d'autres raisons. À son retour en Angleterre en 1714, il reprend de l'influence avec l'arrivée au pouvoir de la maison de Hanovre et l'avènement de George Ier à la couronne britannique en 1714, mais à la suite d'une série d'attaques cérébrales, sa santé se détériore progressivement et il meurt le 16 juin 1722. L'ambition insatiable de Churchill l'a propulsé de l'obscurité au-devant de la scène dans les affaires britanniques et européennes, faisant de lui le plus riche de tous les sujets de la reine Anne. Ses liens familiaux lui ont apporté un réseau de relations sur la scène européenne (sa sœur Arabella est devenue la maîtresse de Jacques II et leur fils, le duc de Berwick, l’un des plus grands maréchaux de Louis XIV). Tout au long des dix campagnes consécutives de la guerre de Succession d'Espagne, Marlborough réussit à former et tenir une coalition discordante par la seule force de sa personnalité, permettant aux armées britanniques d'atteindre un niveau qu'elles n'avaient plus connu depuis le Moyen Âge. Même s'il ne peut obtenir la capitulation totale de ses ennemis, ses victoires font de la Grande-Bretagne une grande puissance européenne, lui assurant ainsi une prospérité croissante au cours du XVIIIe siècle. (fr) John Churchill, I duca di Marlborough KG, PC (Ash, 26 maggio 1650 – Windsor Lodge, 16 giugno 1722), è stato un generale e politico britannico. La sua carriera si estese lungo il regno di cinque sovrani, da Carlo II Stuart a Giorgio I di Hannover. Iniziò a farsi notare durante il regno di Carlo II, ma fu con re Giacomo II, suo protettore quando era Duca di York, che ottenne i primi veri riconoscimenti, divenendo il maggior generale dell'esercito regio. Nel 1685, quando Giacomo II divenne re, Churchill giocò un ruolo fondamentale nel soffocare la ribellione di Monmouth ed assicurare l'autorità del re ma nel 1688 tradì il sovrano schierandosi dalla parte dei protestanti e di Guglielmo d'Orange e Maria II Stuart. Guglielmo d'Orange, divenuto re con il nome di Guglielmo III, lo nominò conte di Marlborough e lo incaricò di comandare le truppe inglesi in Irlanda durante la guerra della Grande Alleanza; la posizione del Conte rimase di una certa importanza a corte, sebbene non avesse ricevuto incarichi militari di grande rilevanza, sino alla scoperta di un carteggio che provava i contatti che Churchill teneva con l'esiliato Giacomo II e con i giacobiti: venne così arrestato ed imprigionato nella Torre di Londra, ma vi rimase per breve tempo. Liberato nel 1694 grazie anche all'influenza della moglie Sarah, amica e confidente della futura regina Anna Stuart, Churchill venne reintegrato nei suoi possedimenti e titoli, ricevendo inoltre il titolo di Capitano Generale dell'esercito inglese e partecipando alla guerra di successione spagnola, contro re Luigi XIV ottenendo le brillanti vittorie che lo immortalarono come uno dei maggiori generali della storia. Ricevuto il titolo di Duca di Marlborough e la residenza di Blenheim Palace (luogo di nascita del suo discendente Sir Winston Churchill), si ritirò a vita privata nel 1711, a causa dell'opposizione di molti membri della corte. Tuttavia tornò sulla scena pubblica sotto il regno di Giorgio I. Colpito da un ictus, si spense nel 1722, all'età di settantadue anni. L'ambizione insaziabile di Marlborough lo rese il può ricco dei sudditi della regina Anna, e le sue parentele lo posero al centro della politica europea (sua sorella Arabella fu a lungo l'amante di Giacomo II e il loro figlio, il duca di Berwick divenne uno dei più abili marescialli di Luigi XIV). La capace leadership di Marlborough, che riuscì con le sue doti diplomatiche a tenere insieme una eterogenea coalizione sotto la guida britannica, segnò il ritorno dell'Inghilterra come potenza europea di primo piano, cosa che non era più stata dalla fine della Guerra dei cent'anni. Nel corso di dieci successive campagne militari durante la guerra di successione spagnola il Duca, attraverso profonde innovazioni tattiche e logistiche, trasformò anche l'esercito inglese, rendendolo per la prima volta dopo secoli una potente forza operativa in grado di operare sul continente europeo. Sebbene non sia riuscito ad ottenere la totale capitolazione del suo grande nemico, il Re Sole di Francia, Marlborough è stato una figura di primaria importanza nella storia del suo Paese e dell'Europa, avendo assicurato la fine dei sogni egemonici di Luigi XIV e, così facendo, avendo posto le basi per l'ascesa dell'Inghilterra a potenza globale. Assieme ad Alessandro Magno e a Scipione l'Africano fu l'unico condottiero che concluse la carriera imbattuto. (it) 初代マールバラ公爵ジョン・チャーチル（英: John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, KG, PC、1650年5月26日 - 1722年6月16日（グレゴリオ暦6月27日））は、イングランド及びイギリスの軍人、貴族。 廷臣として出世を遂げると共にスペイン継承戦争で軍才を発揮して、1代でイギリスの名門貴族マールバラ公爵家を興した。イギリス首相ウィンストン・チャーチル、イギリス皇太子妃ダイアナ・スペンサーの先祖としても知られている。 (ja) 제1대 말버러 공작 존 처칠(John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, KG(1650년 5월 26일 - 1722년 6월 16일(O.S)은 17세기말부터 18세기 초 5명의 군주의 치세동안 활약했던 잉글랜드의 군인이자 정치가이다. 그는 잉글랜드의 스튜어트 왕궁에서 낮은 신분에서 시작했으나, 전장에서 보인 탁월한 용기와 두드러진 활약을 그의 군주이자 스승인 요크 공작 제임스에게 일찍히 인정받아 빠른 승진을 거듭하며 떠올랐다. 1685년 제임스가 왕이 되자, 처칠은 (Duke of Monmouth's)의 반란을 진압하는 중요한 임무를 수행했지만, 그러나 3년 후 처칠은 그의 가톨릭 왕을 버리고 프로테스탄트인 오라녜의 윌리엄에게로 갔다. 윌리엄 대관식에서 처칠은 말버러 백작(Earl of Marlborough;발음/ʼmɔːl.bɹə/) 작위를 수여받았다. 처칠은 9년 전쟁 기간 아일랜드와 플랑드르에서 우수함을 보여주었다. 그렇지만 윌리엄과 메리의 치세 동안 말버러와 그의 영향력 있는 아내 사라(Sarah)는 그들과는 약간 냉랭한 관계를 유지하였다. 이후 국외추방된 제임스 왕에 대한 공모 혐의에 대한 피해로 말버러는 모든 내정과 군사 관직에서 해임되고, 일시적으로 런던 탑에 수감되었다. 다만 메리가 죽은 뒤 또 하나의 중요한 유럽의 전쟁이 다가오는 징후를 보이자, 윌리엄은 호의를 베풀어 그를 다시 불러들였다. 말버러의 영향력은 앤 여왕의 오랜 친구인 아내 사라가 궁전에 들어가면서 정점에 달했다. 영국 군대의 대장(Captain-General)으로 승진하면서 이어 공작(Duke)이 되었고, 스페인 왕위 계승 전쟁 기간 블레넘, 라미예와 오우데나르데 전장에서 보인 활약으로 말버러는 국제적인 명성을 얻어 역사속에서 그의 지위는 유럽의 위대한 장군들 중 한명으로 기록되게 되었다. 그러나 아내 사라가 앤 여왕의 총애와 왕실의 은총을 잃게되고, 토리당이 프랑스와 평화를 맺기로 결심하면서 그를 압박해 실각시켰다. 말버러는 횡령(embezzlement) 혐의로 인해 내정과 군사 관직에서 해임되었지만 그러나 1714년 왕위를 계승한 조지 1세 때 왕실의 총애를 되찾았다. 비록 그는 이전의 관직을 되찾았으나 이미 건강이 악화되었고, 뇌졸중(strokes)의 여파로 인해 결국 병으로 쓰러져 1722년 6월 16일 (Windsor lodge)에서 사망했다. (ko) John Churchill (Devon, Ashe House, 26 mei 1650 – Windsor Lodge, 16 juni 1722), de eerste hertog van Marlborough, was een Brits veldheer in de Spaanse Successieoorlog tegen Frankrijk. Hij verloor geen enkele veldslag en werd verheven tot de eerste hertog van Marlborough. In 1677 trouwde hij met Sarah Jennings, een hofdame van de katholieke hertog van York. Toen deze enige jaren later koning werd, diende Churchill, zelf anglicaan, hem trouw. Voor zijn diensten werd hij op 21 december 1682 beloond met verheffing in de Schotse adelstand als lord Churchill of Eyemouth. Tijdens de Glorious Revolution in 1688 liep Churchill over naar de zijde van Willem III van Oranje-Nassau. Koning Willem hield Churchill op afstand, want hij werd ervan verdacht slechts uit ambitie partij te hebben gekozen. Hij kreeg in 1689 de betrekkelijk lage titel "earl of Marlborough". In 1692 werd hij zelfs van samenspannen met de jakobieten beschuldigd. Naarmate Willems gezondheid verslechterde werd Churchill echter toch onmisbaar gevonden. Na Willems dood werd diens schoonzus Anna koningin; zij verhief Churchill in 1702 tot eerste hertog van Marlborough, een erfelijke titel die nog steeds bestaat. Tijdens de Spaanse Successieoorlog (1701-1714) stond Marlborough aan het hoofd van de verenigde Britse, Nederlandse en andere troepen en vocht hij veldslagen uit op uiteenlopende plaatsen, tot diep in het Europese continent: de Slag bij Blenheim aan de Donau (1704), de Slag bij Ramillies (1706), de Slag bij Oudenaarde (1708), de Slag bij Wijnendale (1708) en de Slag bij Malplaquet (1709), waarbij hij de Fransen vaak ernstige nederlagen toebracht. De expansionistische politiek van Lodewijk XIV werd hiermee de voet dwars gezet. Als dank liet Anna in het plaatsje Woodstock (Oxfordshire) het paleis Blenheim Palace voor hem bouwen. De hertogen van Marlborough bezitten het nog steeds en het is de geboorteplaats van de beroemdste telg uit het geslacht: Winston Churchill, een groot leider in oorlogstijd. Winston Churchill heeft ook een biografie geschreven over zijn illustere voorvader. Tijdens Marlboroughs veldtocht door het dal van de Maas van Venlo tot in Luik (1702) maakten zijn troepen het erg bont. Zijn dragonders plunderden voedsel en vernielden de oogst zodat deze niet aan de vijand zou vallen. Na hun vertrek werden in de streek overal poppen van Malbroek verbrand. Dit gebruik wordt op sommige plaatsen nog in ere gehouden, zoals te Stokkem, Kessenich en Eisden. (nl) John Churchill, ang. John Churchill (ur. 26 maja 1650, zm. 16 czerwca 1722) – angielski polityk, wojskowy i arystokrata, jeden z najwybitniejszych dowódców w historii świata, wódz naczelny wojsk brytyjskich w trakcie hiszpańskiej wojny sukcesyjnej. Praprzodek Winstona Churchilla. (pl) John Churchill, 1.º Duque de Marlborough, Príncipe de Mindelheim, Conde de Nellenburg KG, PC (Musbury, 26 de maio de 1650 — Windsor, 16 de junho de 1722) foi um militar e estadista inglês cuja carreira durou o reinado de cinco monarcas. Vindo de uma página humilde na corte da Casa de Stuart, ele serviu Jaime, duque de Iorque, durante os anos de 1680 e início de 1670, ganhando avanço político e militar através de sua coragem e habilidade diplomática. O papel de Churchill em derrotar a rebelião de Monmouth em 1685 ajudou a manter Jaime no trono, mas apenas três anos depois, ele abandonou o seu patrono católico para o protestante holandês Guilherme de Orange. Homenageado por seus serviços na coroação de Guilherme com o condado de Marlborough, serviu com distinção adicional nos primeiros anos da Guerra dos Nove Anos, mas as acusações persistentes de jacobitismo provocou sua queda do cargo e prisão temporária na Torre de Londres. Foi só com a adesão da rainha Ana da Grã-Bretanha em 1702 que Marlborough atingiu o auge de seus poderes e garantiu a sua fama e fortuna. Seu casamento com a temperamental Sarah Jennings - amiga íntima de Ana - garantiu a ascensão de Marlborough, pela primeira vez como Capitão-general das forças britânicas, depois de um ducado. Tornou-se líder de facto das forças aliadas durante a Guerra da Sucessão Espanhola, suas vitórias nos campos de Blenheim (1704), Ramillies (1706), Oudenarde (1708), e Malplaquet (1709), garantiu seu lugar na história como um dos grandes generais da Europa. Mas o relacionamento de sua esposa tempestuosa com a rainha, e sua posterior demissão da corte, foi fundamental para a sua própria queda. Incorrer em desfavor de Ana, e preso entre as facções tory e whig, Marlborough, que trouxe glória e sucesso ao reinado da rainha, foi retirado do cargo e foi para o exílio auto-imposto. Ele voltou para a Inglaterra e a influenciar a Casa de Hanôver, com a adesão de Jorge I ao trono britânico em 1714. A insaciável ambição de John Churchill fez dele o mais rico de todos os súditos de Ana. Seus laços familiares o levaram para o núcleo da política europeia (sua irmã Arabella se tornou a amante de Jaime II, e seu filho, o Duque de Berwick, emergiu como um dos maiores marechais de Luís XIV de França). Sua liderança nos exércitos aliados consolidou a emergente Grã-Bretanha como uma das mais importantes potências. Ele defendeu com sucesso a unidade entre os aliados, demonstrando suas habilidades diplomáticas. Ao longo de dez campanhas consecutivas durante a Guerra da Sucessão Espanhola, Marlborough manteve uma coalizão discordante através de sua pura força de personalidade e levantou permanente as forças britânicas a um nível não conhecido desde a Idade Média. Embora no final ele não pudesse obrigar a rendição total dos seus inimigos, suas vitórias permitiram a sua nação se erguer a partir de uma pequena a uma grande potência, garantindo a prosperidade crescente do país ao longo do século XVIII. (pt) John Churchill, från 1702 hertig av Marlborough, född 26 maj 1650 på nära i Devon, död 16 juni 1722 på vid Windsor Castle i Berkshire, var en engelsk militär och politiker (ursprungligen tory, men periodvis istället stöttad av whigs). År 1685 blev han utnämnd till generalmajor. Churchill gifte sig 1678 med Sarah Jennings. Han hade dessutom följande titlar: Captain-general (överbefälhavare), baron Churchill av Sandridge, lord Churchill av Eyemouth, riddare av Strumpebandsorden, medlem av kronrådet, furste av Heliga romerska riket av tysk nation samt riksfurste av Mindelheim. Marlboroughs militära karriär, baserad på strategiskt snille och administrativ skicklighet, är en av de mest framstående i Storbritanniens historia. Han utmärkte sig speciellt i det spanska tronföljdskriget. Den roll han spelade i den ärorika revolutionen, där han förrådde sin välgörare Jakob II har å andra sidan kritiserats som ett själviskt svek. Hans ättling sir Winston Churchill skrev om honom att han ”aldrig utkämpat ett slag som han inte vunnit, och aldrig belägrat en stad som han inte tog.” Hans ättlingar bebor fortfarande det storslagna slottet Blenheim Palace som han lät färdigställa åt sig själv. (sv) Джон Че́рчилль, 1-й герцог Ма́льборо, князь Миндельгеймский (англ. John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, Prince of Mindelheim; 26 мая 1650 — 16 июня 1722) — английский полководец и политический деятель, генерал-капитан (Captain-General). На протяжении всей своей жизни Черчилль служил пяти монархам. Успехи в Войне за испанское наследство, в которой он с 1702 года был главнокомандующим английскими войсками на континенте, поставили Джона Черчилля в ряд наиболее выдающихся английских военачальников. В период правления королевы Анны самый могущественный человек в государстве, из-за чего впоследствии его порой называли неофициальным премьер-министром. (ru) 第一代马尔博罗公爵约翰·丘吉尔，KG，PC（英語：John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough，1650年5月26日－1722年6月16日），即二戰世界知名的温斯顿·丘吉尔之遠祖，英国军事家、政治家。靠著他妻子薩拉·詹寧斯（Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough）與安妮女王的私密友誼，以及他個人卓越的軍事、外交才能，讓他在1702年成為英國最有權力的男人。他在西班牙王位繼承戰爭中名利雙收，與戰友歐根親王共列為法國太陽王的兩大剋星，並使英國上升為一級的海陸強權，促成18世紀的繁榮興盛。但是他貪婪投機的性格，既使他成為安妮時代最富有的英國男性，卻也減損他部分的聲望。 在英國軍事史上，约翰·丘吉爾與納爾遜及威靈頓鼎足齊名，三人被看作是偉大的民族英雄。雖然一般觀點常把他和威灵顿公爵（在1815年的滑鐵盧戰役中打敗拿破崙）相提並論，不過許多人更看重他的外交天分與政治智慧（如溫斯頓·邱吉爾）。前一項的論點是，馬爾博羅與威靈頓有许多相似之处，特别是他们都有輝煌的军事生涯并取得政界高位，然後都失足於晚年的政壇；後一項觀點則頗受輝格黨史家屈勒味林的影響，屈勒味林給予丘吉爾至高的評價，把他的軍事天才與外交天份，比作是威靈頓與外交大臣卡蘇里的綜合體（兩人在1815年各自於軍事、外交上有傑出表現）。 (zh) Джон Черчиль (англ. John Churchill; 26 травня 1650 — 16 червня 1722) — англійський полководець і політичний діяч, генерал. Перший герцог Мальборський. Принц Мінделгеймський. У військових мав прізвисько «Капрал Джон». (uk) |
| dbo:birthDate | 1650-05-26 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:birthPlace | dbr:Devon dbr:Interregnum_(England) dbr:Ash,_Musbury |
| dbo:child | dbr:Mary_Montagu,_Duchess_of_Montagu_(1689–1751) dbr:Anne_Spencer,_Countess_of_Sunderland_(1683–1716) dbr:Henrietta_Godolphin,_2nd_Duchess_of_Marlborough dbr:John_Churchill,_Marquess_of_Blandford |
| dbo:deathDate | 1722-06-16 (xsd:date) |
| dbo:deathPlace | dbr:Berkshire dbr:Cumberland_Lodge dbr:Interregnum_(England) dbr:Kingdom_of_Great_Britain |
| dbo:honours | dbr:Knight_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter |
| dbo:militaryService | dbr:John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough__MilitaryService__1 |
| dbo:parent | dbr:Winston_Churchill_(Cavalier) |
| dbo:signature | John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough Signature.svg |
| dbo:spouse | dbr:Sarah_Churchill,_Duchess_of_Marlborough |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill,_1st_D...d_to_Michael_Dahl_91996.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://archive.org/details/warsoflouisxiv1600lynn http://www.winstonchurchill.org/learn/reference/armorial-bearings-of-wsc%7Caccess-date=20 http://opil.ouplaw.com/page/peace-of-nijmegen%7Cwebsite=Oxford http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:0159-2013012109 https://archive.org/details/englandunderquee0000trev_k6u1 https://archive.org/details/guidetobattlefie00davi_0 https://archive.org/details/historyofenglan000maca https://archive.org/details/isbn_0521375932 https://archive.org/details/memoirsdukemarl03wadegoog%7Clocation=London https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=9SpYAAAAcAAJ&pg=PA214 https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=xq_lCAAAQBAJ&pg=PT2583 https://web.archive.org/web/20130718222952/http:/www.winstonchurchill.org/learn/reference/armorial-bearings-of-wsc%7Carchive-date=18 https://archive.org/details/riseofgreatpow00dere https://archive.org/details/queenanne0000greg |
| dbo:wikiPageID | 142292 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageLength | 103139 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:wikiPageRevisionID | 1123357418 (xsd:integer) |
| dbo:wikiPageWikiLink | dbr:Cambridge_University_Press dbr:Carl_Piper dbc:Members_of_the_Privy_Council_of_England dbr:Prince_Eugene_of_Savoy dbr:Prince_Georg_Friedrich_of_Waldeck dbr:Prince_George_of_Denmark dbr:Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cumberland dbr:Prince_William,_Duke_of_Gloucester dbr:Robert_Spencer,_2nd_Earl_of_Sunderland dbr:Robert_Walpole dbr:Roermond dbr:Royal_Fusiliers dbr:Royal_Navy dbr:Sandridge dbr:Sarah_Churchill,_Duchess_of_Marlborough dbr:Schelde dbr:Mistress_of_the_Robes dbr:Montagu_Venables-Bertie,_2nd_Earl_of_Abingdon dbr:Battle_of_Almansa dbr:Battle_of_Blenheim dbr:Battle_of_Elixheim dbr:Battle_of_Malplaquet dbr:Battle_of_Oudenarde dbr:Battle_of_Ramillies dbr:Battle_of_Salzbach dbr:Battle_of_Schellenberg dbr:Battle_of_Sedgemoor dbr:Battle_of_Sinsheim dbr:Battle_of_Solebay dbr:Battle_of_Walcourt dbr:Battle_of_the_Boyne dbr:Bavaria dbr:Bay_of_Biscay dbr:Berkshire dbr:Bishop_of_London dbr:Bonn dbr:Bouchain dbr:Brigade dbr:David_G._Chandler dbr:Devon dbc:1st_The_Royal_Dragoons_officers dbc:Soldiers_of_the_Tangier_Garrison dbc:Governors_of_the_Hudson's_Bay_Company dbr:Holy_Roman_Empire dbr:House_of_Bourbon dbr:House_of_Habsburg dbr:House_of_Hanover dbr:House_of_Lords dbr:House_of_Stuart dbr:Huy dbr:Jonathan_Swift dbr:Judas_Iscariot dbr:List_of_English_chief_ministers dbr:Pension dbr:Rhine dbr:Richard_Holmes_(military_historian) dbr:Richard_Savage,_4th_Earl_Rivers dbr:Richard_Talbot,_1st_Earl_of_Tyrconnell dbr:Robert_Harley,_1st_Earl_of_Oxford_and_Earl_Mortimer dbc:British_army_commanders_in_the_War_of_the_Spanish_Succession dbc:Garter_Knights_appointed_by_Anne dbc:Lord-Lieutenants_of_Oxfordshire dbr:Charles_Howard,_3rd_Earl_of_Carlisle dbr:Cumberland_Lodge dbr:University_of_Cambridge dbr:Vauban dbr:Venlo dbr:Vienna dbr:Earl_of_Marlborough dbr:Interregnum_(England) dbr:Jacob_van_Wassenaer_Obdam_(younger) dbr:Sir_John_Barrington,_3rd_Baronet dbr:Sir_John_Fenwick,_3rd_Baronet dbr:Peerage_of_Scotland dbr:Whig_(British_political_party) dbc:Glorious_Revolution dbr:Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Forces dbr:Confederation dbr:Cork_(city) dbr:Coronation dbr:Mary_Montagu,_Duchess_of_Montagu_(1689–1751) dbr:Mary_of_Modena dbr:Maximilian_II_Emanuel,_Elector_of_Bavaria dbr:Meinhardt_Schomberg,_3rd_Duke_of_Schomberg dbr:Member_of_Parliament dbr:Saint-Venant dbr:Salisbury dbr:Louis_de_Duras,_2nd_Earl_of_Feversham dbr:Low_Countries dbr:Military_operation dbr:Church_of_England dbr:Claude_Louis_Hector_de_Villars dbc:17th-century_Scottish_peers dbc:Ambassadors_of_England_to_the_Netherlands dbc:Members_of_Parliament_for_the_Isle_of_Wight dbc:Peers_of_Scotland_created_by_Charles_II dbc:Princes_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire dbc:South_Wales_Borderers_officers dbr:Edward_Hyde,_3rd_Earl_of_Clarendon dbr:Edward_Russell,_1st_Earl_of_Orford dbr:Electorate_of_Bavaria dbr:Elizabeth_Seymour,_Duchess_of_Somerset dbr:English_Army dbr:Ensign_(rank) dbr:Frederick_I_of_Prussia dbr:G._K._Chesterton dbr:G._M._Trevelyan dbr:Geertruidenberg dbr:General_(United_Kingdom) dbr:General_officer dbr:George_Churchill_(Royal_Navy_officer) dbr:George_Hamilton,_1st_Earl_of_Orkney dbr:George_I_of_Great_Britain dbr:George_Jeffreys,_1st_Baron_Jeffreys dbr:George_Legge,_1st_Baron_Dartmouth dbr:Ghent dbr:Gilbert_Burnet dbr:Glanvilles_Wootton dbr:Glorious_Revolution dbr:Grand_Alliance_(League_of_Augsburg) dbr:Great_Northern_War dbr:Monmouth_Rebellion dbr:Mons dbr:Montreuil,_Pas-de-Calais dbr:Moselle dbr:Constable_of_the_Tower dbr:Thomas_Babington_Macaulay dbr:Thomas_Herbert,_8th_Earl_of_Pembroke dbr:Thomas_Osborne,_1st_Duke_of_Leeds dbr:Lady_of_the_Bedchamber dbr:Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain dbr:Anne_Hyde dbr:Anne_Spencer,_Countess_of_Sunderland_(1683–1716) dbr:Arabella_Churchill_(royal_mistress) dbc:Pages_of_Honour dbr:Bernard_Drake dbr:Limbourg dbr:Liège dbr:Louis_William,_Margrave_of_Baden-Baden dbr:Louis_XIV dbr:Siege_of_Bouchain_(1711) dbr:Siege_of_Cork dbr:Siege_of_Lille_(1708) dbr:Siege_of_Maastricht_(1673) dbr:Sir_Thomas_Allin,_1st_Baronet dbr:St_Paul's_School,_London dbr:States_General_of_the_Netherlands dbr:Stevensweert dbr:Combined_arms dbr:John_Paget_(barrister) dbr:François_de_Neufville,_duc_de_Villeroi dbr:Page_(servant) dbr:Pardon dbr:Portrait dbr:Marlborough:_His_Life_and_Times dbr:Master_of_the_Horse dbr:Michael_Dahl dbr:1st_The_Royal_Dragoons dbr:Avesnes-le-Comte dbr:Axminster dbr:Barbara_Palmer,_1st_Duchess_of_Cleveland dbc:British_Army_generals dbc:Royal_Fusiliers_officers dbr:British_Army dbr:Brixham dbr:Bruges dbr:Béthune dbr:C.T._Atkinson dbc:Grenadier_Guards_officers dbc:Prisoners_in_the_Tower_of_London dbc:Williamite_military_personnel_of_the_Williamite_War_in_Ireland dbr:Catherine_Sedley,_Countess_of_Dorchester dbc:English_art_collectors dbr:Tories_(British_political_party) dbr:Tournai dbr:Tower_of_London dbr:Treaty_of_Westminster_(1674) dbr:Trier dbr:War_of_the_Spanish_Succession dbr:Wars_of_the_Three_Kingdoms dbr:Westminster_Abbey dbr:Weymouth_and_Melcombe_Regis_(UK_Parliament_constituency) dbr:Whigs_(British_political_party) dbr:William_Cadogan,_1st_Earl_Cadogan dbr:William_III_of_England dbr:William_Tatton dbr:William_Trumbull dbr:Williamite_War_in_Ireland dbr:Winston_Churchill dbr:James_C._Bradford dbr:Abigail_Masham,_Baroness_Masham dbr:Aire-sur-la-Lys dbr:Alsace dbr:3rd_Troop_of_Horse_Guards dbr:Daniel_Defoe dbr:Daniel_Finch,_2nd_Earl_of_Nottingham dbr:Danube dbr:Dublin dbr:Duel dbr:Duke_of_Marlborough_(title) dbr:Dutch_Republic dbr:Altranstädt dbr:Exeter dbr:Eyemouth dbr:First_Lord_of_the_Treasury dbr:Francis_Godolphin,_2nd_Earl_of_Godolphin dbr:Francis_II_Rákóczi dbr:Franco-Dutch_War dbr:Nine_Years'_War dbr:Oudenaarde dbr:Palace_of_Whitehall dbr:Captain_general dbc:Ambassadors_of_Great_Britain_to_Sweden dbc:Dukes_of_Marlborough dbc:People_expelled_from_the_Privy_Council_of_England dbr:Battle_of_Toulon_(1707) dbr:Château_de_Saint-Germain-en-Laye dbc:Peers_of_England_created_by_James_II dbr:Grace_(style) dbr:History_of_the_Royal_Marines dbr:John_Poulett,_1st_Earl_Poulett dbr:John_Wilson_Croker dbr:Keeper_of_the_Privy_Purse dbr:March_1679_English_general_election dbr:John_William_Friso,_Prince_of_Orange dbr:Privy_Purse dbr:Rhineland dbr:Richard_Graham,_1st_Viscount_Preston dbr:Smallpox dbr:Grenadier_Guards dbr:HMS_Prince_(1670) dbr:Henri_de_Massue,_Earl_of_Galway dbr:Henrietta_Godolphin,_2nd_Duchess_of_Marlborough dbr:Henry_Booth,_1st_Earl_of_Warrington dbr:Henry_Boyle,_1st_Baron_Carleton dbr:Henry_Compton_(bishop) dbr:Henry_Sacheverell dbr:Henry_St_John,_1st_Viscount_Bolingbroke dbr:Henry_Sydney,_1st_Earl_of_Romney dbr:Henry_VII_of_England dbr:Invitation_to_William dbr:Jacobite_rising_of_1715 dbr:Jacobitism dbr:James_Butler,_2nd_Duke_of_Ormonde dbr:James_Cecil,_4th_Earl_of_Salisbury dbr:James_FitzJames,_1st_Duke_of_Berwick dbr:James_Francis_Edward_Stuart dbr:James_Hamilton,_4th_Duke_of_Hamilton dbr:James_II_of_England dbr:James_Scott,_1st_Duke_of_Monmouth dbr:Major_General dbr:Argyll's_Rising dbr:Arras dbr:Arthur_Wellesley,_1st_Duke_of_Wellington dbc:1722_deaths dbc:17th-century_diplomats dbc:British_Life_Guards_officers dbc:1650_births dbr:Charles_Churchill_(British_Army_officer,_born_1656) dbr:Charles_II_of_England dbr:Charles_II_of_Spain dbr:Charles_Seymour,_6th_Duke_of_Somerset dbr:Charles_Spencer,_3rd_Earl_of_Sunderland dbr:Charles_Talbot,_1st_Duke_of_Shrewsbury dbr:Charles_VI,_Holy_Roman_Emperor dbr:Charles_XII_of_Sweden dbc:British_military_personnel_of_the_Nine_Years'_War dbc:Military_personnel_from_Devon dbc:People_educated_at_St_Paul's_School,_London dbc:People_from_Old_Windsor dbc:Spencer_family dbr:John_A._Lynn dbr:John_B._Hattendorf dbr:John_Churchill,_Marquess_of_Blandford dbr:John_Drummond,_1st_Earl_of_Melfort dbr:John_Holmes_(Royal_Navy_officer) dbr:John_Montagu,_2nd_Duke_of_Montagu dbr:Lady_Barbara_FitzRoy dbr:Landau dbr:Blenheim_Palace dbr:Swedish_invasion_of_Russia dbr:High_Tory dbr:Holywell_House,_Hertfordshire dbr:Thomas_Tollemache dbr:Treaty_of_Utrecht dbr:Winston_Churchill_(Cavalier) dbr:Donauwörth dbr:Douai dbr:Ash,_Musbury dbr:Marlborough_House dbr:Marlbrough_s'en_va-t-en_guerre dbr:Mary_II_of_England dbr:Philip_V_of_Spain dbr:Philippines dbr:South_Wales_Borderers dbr:Southern_Netherlands dbr:Spanish_Netherlands dbr:St_Albans_(UK_Parliament_constituency) dbr:Citadel dbr:Civil_list |
| dbp:after | dbr:Montagu_Venables-Bertie,_2nd_Earl_of_Abingdon dbr:William_Cadogan,_1st_Earl_Cadogan dbr:John_Poulett,_1st_Earl_Poulett dbr:Henrietta_Godolphin,_2nd_Duchess_of_Marlborough |
| dbp:as | baron (en) |
| dbp:battles | * Franco-Dutch War ** Battle of Solebay ** Siege of Maastricht * Monmouth Rebellion ** Battle of Sedgemoor * Nine Years' War ** Battle of Walcourt * Williamite War in Ireland ** Siege of Cork * War of the Spanish Succession ** Battle of Schellenberg ** Battle of Blenheim ** Battle of Elixheim ** Battle of Ramillies ** Battle of Oudenarde ** Siege of Lille ** Battle of Malplaquet ** Siege of Bouchain (en) |
| dbp:before | dbr:Montagu_Venables-Bertie,_2nd_Earl_of_Abingdon dbr:Charles_Howard,_3rd_Earl_of_Carlisle dbr:Henry_Sydney,_1st_Earl_of_Romney dbr:James_Butler,_2nd_Duke_of_Ormonde |
| dbp:birthDate | 1650-05-26 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:birthPlace | dbr:Devon dbr:Interregnum_(England) dbr:Ash,_Musbury |
| dbp:branch | dbr:English_Army dbr:British_Army |
| dbp:caption | Portrait of John Churchil by Michael Dahl (en) |
| dbp:children | 7 (xsd:integer) (en) Anne Spencer, Countess of Sunderland (en) Henrietta Godolphin, 2nd Duchess of Marlborough (en) John Churchill, Marquess of Blandford (en) Mary Montagu, Duchess of Montagu (en) |
| dbp:commands | dbr:Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Forces dbr:Master-General_of_the_Ordnance |
| dbp:crest | A lion couchant guardant argent, supporting with its dexter forepaw a banner gules, charged with a dexter hand appaumée of the first, staff Or. (en) |
| dbp:deathDate | 1722-06-16 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:deathPlace | Windsor Lodge, Berkshire, England, Kingdom of Great Britain (en) |
| dbp:escutcheon | Sable a lion rampant argent on a canton of the last a cross gules. (en) |
| dbp:helm | Ducal coronet (en) |
| dbp:honorificPrefix | dbr:General_officer dbr:Grace_(style) |
| dbp:last | dbr:George_III_of_Mindelheim |
| dbp:mawards | dbr:Knight_of_the_Order_of_the_Garter |
| dbp:motto | Fiel pero desdichado (en) |
| dbp:name | The Duke of Marlborough (en) |
| dbp:notes | The arms of the 1st Duke of Marlborough must not be confused with those of the 5th Duke and his successors, which also incorporate the Spencer arms. The heraldic achievement shown here also represents the 1st Duke's lands in Mindelheim. (en) |
| dbp:orders | Knight Companion of the Most Noble Order of the Garter (en) |
| dbp:parents | Winston Churchill (en) (en) Elizabeth Drake (en) |
| dbp:rank | dbr:General_(United_Kingdom) |
| dbp:reason | Part of Bavaria (en) |
| dbp:rows | 2 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:signature | John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough Signature.svg (en) |
| dbp:spouse | Sarah Jennings (en) |
| dbp:supporters | Two wyverns wings elevated gules, collared and chained sable, each collar charged with three escallops argent. These are derived from the arms of the Duke's mother's family, Drake of Ash . (en) |
| dbp:title | 3 (xsd:integer) dbr:List_of_English_chief_ministers dbr:Earl_of_Marlborough dbr:Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Forces dbr:Duke_of_Marlborough_(title) dbr:First_Lord_of_the_Treasury dbr:Captain_general dbr:Lord_Lieutenant_of_Oxfordshire dbr:Master-General_of_the_Ordnance dbr:Principality_of_Mindelheim dbr:List_of_ambassadors_from_the_Kingdom_of_England_to_France Captain and Colonel of the (en) Member of Parliament for Newtown (en) Colonel of The Ordnance Regiment (en) Colonel of the 1st Regiment of Foot Guards (en) Colonel of The King's Own Royal Regiment of Dragoons (en) Colonel of The Duke of Marlborough's Regiment of Foot (en) |
| dbp:torse | Argent and sable (en) |
| dbp:wikiPageUsesTemplate | dbt:Infobox_COA_wide dbt:Walpole/Townshend_ministry dbt:ODNB dbt:Dukes_of_Marlborough dbt:Abbr dbt:Authority_control dbt:Birth_date dbt:Circa dbt:Cite_EB1911 dbt:Cite_book dbt:Cite_web dbt:Convert dbt:Efn dbt:Featured_article dbt:Flagcountry dbt:Infobox_officeholder dbt:Main dbt:Notelist dbt:Redirect2 dbt:Reflist dbt:S-aft dbt:S-bef dbt:S-end dbt:S-new dbt:S-off dbt:S-reg dbt:S-start dbt:S-ttl dbt:S-vac dbt:Sfn dbt:Short_description dbt:Succession_box dbt:Use_British_English dbt:Use_dmy_dates dbt:Wikiquote dbt:Wikisource-inline dbt:Death_date_and_age dbt:Harvid dbt:Harvnb dbt:Tree_list dbt:Tree_list/end dbt:Cite_DNB dbt:Cite_OED dbt:Postnominals dbt:S-dip dbt:S-hon dbt:S-mil dbt:S-par dbt:Marlborough_family_tree dbt:Chief_of_the_General_Staff |
| dbp:with | dbr:John_Holmes_(Royal_Navy_officer) |
| dbp:wordnet_type | http://www.w3.org/2006/03/wn/wn20/instances/synset-person-noun-1 |
| dbp:years | 1679 (xsd:integer) 1683 (xsd:integer) 1685 (xsd:integer) 1689 (xsd:integer) 1690 (xsd:integer) 1702 (xsd:integer) 1704 (xsd:integer) 1705 (xsd:integer) 1706 (xsd:integer) 1714 (xsd:integer) |
| dcterms:subject | dbc:Members_of_the_Privy_Council_of_England dbc:1st_The_Royal_Dragoons_officers dbc:Soldiers_of_the_Tangier_Garrison dbc:Governors_of_the_Hudson's_Bay_Company dbc:British_army_commanders_in_the_War_of_the_Spanish_Succession dbc:Garter_Knights_appointed_by_Anne dbc:Lord-Lieutenants_of_Oxfordshire dbc:Glorious_Revolution dbc:17th-century_Scottish_peers dbc:Ambassadors_of_England_to_the_Netherlands dbc:Members_of_Parliament_for_the_Isle_of_Wight dbc:Peers_of_Scotland_created_by_Charles_II dbc:Princes_of_the_Holy_Roman_Empire dbc:South_Wales_Borderers_officers dbc:Pages_of_Honour dbc:British_Army_generals dbc:Royal_Fusiliers_officers dbc:Grenadier_Guards_officers dbc:Prisoners_in_the_Tower_of_London dbc:Williamite_military_personnel_of_the_Williamite_War_in_Ireland dbc:English_art_collectors dbc:Ambassadors_of_Great_Britain_to_Sweden dbc:Dukes_of_Marlborough dbc:People_expelled_from_the_Privy_Council_of_England dbc:Peers_of_England_created_by_James_II dbc:1722_deaths dbc:17th-century_diplomats dbc:British_Life_Guards_officers dbc:1650_births dbc:British_military_personnel_of_the_Nine_Years'_War dbc:Military_personnel_from_Devon dbc:People_educated_at_St_Paul's_School,_London dbc:People_from_Old_Windsor dbc:Spencer_family |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Soldier |
| schema:sameAs | http://viaf.org/viaf/29153 |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing foaf:Person dbo:Person dul:NaturalPerson wikidata:Q19088 wikidata:Q215627 wikidata:Q5 wikidata:Q729 wikidata:Q82955 yago:WikicatAmbassadorsOfEnglandToTheNetherlands yago:WikicatAmbassadorsOfGreatBritainToSweden yago:WikicatBritishArmyCommandersInTheWarOfTheSpanishSuccession yago:WikicatBritishArmyGenerals yago:WikicatBritishLifeGuardsOfficers yago:WikicatBritishPeople yago:WikicatBritishPoliticians dbo:Animal dbo:Eukaryote dbo:Species schema:Person yago:WikicatPeopleEducatedAtStPaul'sSchool,London yago:WikicatPeopleFromDevon yago:WikicatPeopleFromOldWindsor yago:WikicatRoyalFusiliersOfficers yago:WikicatSouthWalesBorderersOfficers dbo:MilitaryPerson yago:Ambassador109787534 yago:Aristocrat109807754 yago:CausalAgent100007347 yago:Collector109936620 yago:CommandingOfficer109941964 yago:CommissionedMilitaryOfficer109943239 yago:CommissionedOfficer109942970 yago:Diplomat110013927 yago:Duke110038620 yago:Earl110041373 yago:General110123844 yago:GeneralOfficer110125786 yago:Governor110140314 yago:Knight110238375 yago:Leader109623038 yago:LivingThing100004258 yago:MaleAristocrat110285135 yago:MilitaryOfficer110317007 yago:Noble110271677 yago:Object100002684 yago:Official110372373 yago:Organism100004475 yago:Peer110412910 yago:Person100007846 yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 yago:Politician110450303 yago:Politician110451263 yago:Prisoner110476086 yago:WikicatGovernorsOfTheHudson'sBayCompany yago:WikicatGrenadierGuardsOfficers yago:WikicatKnightsOfTheGarter yago:Worker109632518 yago:YagoLegalActor yago:YagoLegalActorGeo dbo:Politician yago:Serviceman110582746 yago:SkilledWorker110605985 yago:Unfortunate109630641 yago:Whole100003553 yago:Wikicat17th-centuryDiplomats yago:Wikicat1stTheRoyalDragoonsOfficers yago:WikicatDukesInThePeerageOfEngland yago:WikicatDukesOfMarlborough yago:WikicatEarlsInThePeerageOfEngland yago:WikicatEnglishArtCollectors yago:WikicatEnglishPoliticians yago:WikicatPeopleOfTheWarOfTheSpanishSuccession yago:WikicatPrisonersInTheTowerOfLondon umbel-rc:MilitaryPerson umbel-rc:PersonWithOccupation |
| rdfs:comment | John Churchill, 1. vévoda z Marlborough (anglicky John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, dříve česky též „Malbruk“, 26. května 1650 – 16. června 1722) byl anglický šlechtic a vojevůdce, který se proslavil za válek o španělské dědictví. Spolu s Evženem Savojským patřil k předním osobnostem koalice proti Francii, byl členem britské vlády, rytířem Podvazkového řádu a v roce 1702 získal titul vévody z Marlborough. Za zásluhy mu byl na státní náklady postaven zámek Blenheim Palace, který je dodnes majetkem jeho potomstva. Zemřel bez mužského potomstva a titul vévody později přešel na spřízněný rod Spencerů, který užívá jméno Spencer-Churchill. K jeho potomstvu patří mimo jiné Winston Churchill nebo princezna Diana. (cs) John Churchill, 1. Duke of Marlborough, Fürst von Mindelheim KG PC (* 26. Mai 1650 in , Devonshire; † 16. Juni 1722 in , Berkshire) war englischer Feldherr im Spanischen Erbfolgekrieg und der erste Duke of Marlborough. (de) John Churchill, Marlborougheko I. dukea (Ashe House, Devon, 1650eko maiatzaren 26a - Windsor Lodge, 1722ko ekainaren 16a) Ingalaterrako militar eta politikaria izan zen. (eu) John Churchill, I Duque de Marlborough, I Príncipe de Mindelheim, I Conde de Nellenburg, Príncipe del Sacro Imperio Romano (Devonshire, Inglaterra, 26 de mayo de 1650-, 16 de junio de 1722) fue un hombre de armas y político inglés. Su vida abarca el reinado de cinco monarcas ingleses, entre mediados del siglo XVII y principios del siglo XVIII. Se distinguió como general en la Guerra de Sucesión española. La célebre canción popular "Mambrú se fue a la guerra" procede de una deformación de la fonética de su apellido. Fue antepasado de Winston Churchill. (es) 初代マールバラ公爵ジョン・チャーチル（英: John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, KG, PC、1650年5月26日 - 1722年6月16日（グレゴリオ暦6月27日））は、イングランド及びイギリスの軍人、貴族。 廷臣として出世を遂げると共にスペイン継承戦争で軍才を発揮して、1代でイギリスの名門貴族マールバラ公爵家を興した。イギリス首相ウィンストン・チャーチル、イギリス皇太子妃ダイアナ・スペンサーの先祖としても知られている。 (ja) John Churchill, ang. John Churchill (ur. 26 maja 1650, zm. 16 czerwca 1722) – angielski polityk, wojskowy i arystokrata, jeden z najwybitniejszych dowódców w historii świata, wódz naczelny wojsk brytyjskich w trakcie hiszpańskiej wojny sukcesyjnej. Praprzodek Winstona Churchilla. (pl) 第一代马尔博罗公爵约翰·丘吉尔，KG，PC（英語：John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough，1650年5月26日－1722年6月16日），即二戰世界知名的温斯顿·丘吉尔之遠祖，英国军事家、政治家。靠著他妻子薩拉·詹寧斯（Sarah Churchill, Duchess of Marlborough）與安妮女王的私密友誼，以及他個人卓越的軍事、外交才能，讓他在1702年成為英國最有權力的男人。他在西班牙王位繼承戰爭中名利雙收，與戰友歐根親王共列為法國太陽王的兩大剋星，並使英國上升為一級的海陸強權，促成18世紀的繁榮興盛。但是他貪婪投機的性格，既使他成為安妮時代最富有的英國男性，卻也減損他部分的聲望。 在英國軍事史上，约翰·丘吉爾與納爾遜及威靈頓鼎足齊名，三人被看作是偉大的民族英雄。雖然一般觀點常把他和威灵顿公爵（在1815年的滑鐵盧戰役中打敗拿破崙）相提並論，不過許多人更看重他的外交天分與政治智慧（如溫斯頓·邱吉爾）。前一項的論點是，馬爾博羅與威靈頓有许多相似之处，特别是他们都有輝煌的军事生涯并取得政界高位，然後都失足於晚年的政壇；後一項觀點則頗受輝格黨史家屈勒味林的影響，屈勒味林給予丘吉爾至高的評價，把他的軍事天才與外交天份，比作是威靈頓與外交大臣卡蘇里的綜合體（兩人在1815年各自於軍事、外交上有傑出表現）。 (zh) Джон Черчиль (англ. John Churchill; 26 травня 1650 — 16 червня 1722) — англійський полководець і політичний діяч, генерал. Перший герцог Мальборський. Принц Мінделгеймський. У військових мав прізвисько «Капрал Джон». (uk) جون تشرشل الدوق الأول، لمارلبورو، وأمير ماندلهايم وعضو في وِسامُ رَبطَةِ السّاق (Order of the Garter) ومجلس الملكة الخاص ( /ˈmɑrlbərə/ وغالبًا ما تُنطق /ˈmɔ:lbrə/. ولد في 26 من مايو 1650م – 16 من يونيو 1722م النمط القديم) كان جنديًا إنجليزيًا ورجل دولة، امتدت حياته المهنية في ظل حكم خمسة ملوك. بدأ حياته المهنية كوصيف بسيط في البلاط الملكي لأسرة ستيوارت، حيث كان يخدم جيمس، دوق يورك في الفترة من 1670 وحتى أوائل 1680، ولكن بفضل شجاعته ومهاراته الدبلوماسية، ارتفع شأنه عسكريًا وسياسيًا. وقد ساعد تشرشل في تدعيم عرش الملك جيمس وذلك بعد أن أفشل تمرد مونماوث في عام 1685. ولكن بعد مضي ثلاث سنوات فقط، تخلى عن راعيه الكاثوليكي وتعهد بالولاء للأمير البروتستانتي الهولندي ويليام ملك أورانج. وكافأه الملك ويليام على خدماته بعد وصوله إلى العرش، فنصبه إيرلاً على مارلبورو. وقد تميز تشرشل بأدائه العسكر (ar) John Churchill va ser un militar i estadista anglès, 1r Duc de Marlborough, Príncep de Mindelheim, cavaller de l'Orde de la Lligacama i membre del Consell Privat del Regne Unit, la carrera del qual s'estengué sota cinc monarques a cavall dels segles xvii i xviii. (ca) General John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, 1st Prince of Mindelheim, 1st Count of Nellenburg, Prince of the Holy Roman Empire, KG, PC (26 May 1650 – 16 June 1722 O.S.) was an English soldier and statesman whose career spanned the reigns of five monarchs. From a gentry family, he served first as a page at the court of the House of Stuart under James, Duke of York, through the 1670s and early 1680s, earning military and political advancement through his courage and diplomatic skill. (en) John Churchill, né le 26 mai 1650 à Musbury en Angleterre et mort le 16 juin 1722 à Cumberland Lodge en Angleterre, comte puis 1er duc de Marlborough, est un général et homme politique anglais dont la carrière s’étend sur le règne de cinq monarques du XVIIe au XVIIIe siècle. D’abord page à la cour de la maison Stuart, il sert loyalement le duc d'York au cours des années 1670 et au début des années 1680, gagnant promotions militaires et politiques par son courage et son habileté diplomatique. Son rôle dans la défaite de la rébellion de Monmouth en 1685 contribue à l’accession de Jacques II au trône, mais Churchill abandonne trois ans plus tard son mentor catholique pour les protestants hollandais et Guillaume d'Orange. Récompensé pour son aide à l’accession au trône de Guillaume III avec le (fr) John Churchill, Adipati Marlborough Pertama, Pangeran Mindelheim (/ˈmɑːrlbərə/, sering kali dilafalkan /ˈmɔːrlbrə/; 26 Mei 1650 – 16 Juni 1722 ), adalah jenderal dan negarawan Inggris dengan karier selama masa kekuasaan lima raja dan ratu. Ia naik ke jabatannya dari latar belakang pelayan yang rendah di istana Wangsa Stuart; ia bekerja untuk James, Adipati York, selama tahun 1670-an dan awal 1680-an, dan pada masa itu berhasil memajukan karier militer dan politiknya berkat keberanian dan kemampuan diplomatiknya. Peranan Churchill dalam memadamkan pada tahun 1685 membantu mengamankan posisi James di tahta, tetapi tiga tahun kemudian ia meninggalkan James yang beragama Katolik dan bekerja untuk William III dari Inggris yang berlatar belakang Belanda Protestan. Ia diberi earldom sebagai pen (in) John Churchill, I duca di Marlborough KG, PC (Ash, 26 maggio 1650 – Windsor Lodge, 16 giugno 1722), è stato un generale e politico britannico. La sua carriera si estese lungo il regno di cinque sovrani, da Carlo II Stuart a Giorgio I di Hannover. Iniziò a farsi notare durante il regno di Carlo II, ma fu con re Giacomo II, suo protettore quando era Duca di York, che ottenne i primi veri riconoscimenti, divenendo il maggior generale dell'esercito regio. Nel 1685, quando Giacomo II divenne re, Churchill giocò un ruolo fondamentale nel soffocare la ribellione di Monmouth ed assicurare l'autorità del re ma nel 1688 tradì il sovrano schierandosi dalla parte dei protestanti e di Guglielmo d'Orange e Maria II Stuart. (it) 제1대 말버러 공작 존 처칠(John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, KG(1650년 5월 26일 - 1722년 6월 16일(O.S)은 17세기말부터 18세기 초 5명의 군주의 치세동안 활약했던 잉글랜드의 군인이자 정치가이다. 그는 잉글랜드의 스튜어트 왕궁에서 낮은 신분에서 시작했으나, 전장에서 보인 탁월한 용기와 두드러진 활약을 그의 군주이자 스승인 요크 공작 제임스에게 일찍히 인정받아 빠른 승진을 거듭하며 떠올랐다. 1685년 제임스가 왕이 되자, 처칠은 (Duke of Monmouth's)의 반란을 진압하는 중요한 임무를 수행했지만, 그러나 3년 후 처칠은 그의 가톨릭 왕을 버리고 프로테스탄트인 오라녜의 윌리엄에게로 갔다. (ko) John Churchill (Devon, Ashe House, 26 mei 1650 – Windsor Lodge, 16 juni 1722), de eerste hertog van Marlborough, was een Brits veldheer in de Spaanse Successieoorlog tegen Frankrijk. Hij verloor geen enkele veldslag en werd verheven tot de eerste hertog van Marlborough. In 1677 trouwde hij met Sarah Jennings, een hofdame van de katholieke hertog van York. Toen deze enige jaren later koning werd, diende Churchill, zelf anglicaan, hem trouw. Voor zijn diensten werd hij op 21 december 1682 beloond met verheffing in de Schotse adelstand als lord Churchill of Eyemouth. (nl) Джон Че́рчилль, 1-й герцог Ма́льборо, князь Миндельгеймский (англ. John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, Prince of Mindelheim; 26 мая 1650 — 16 июня 1722) — английский полководец и политический деятель, генерал-капитан (Captain-General). На протяжении всей своей жизни Черчилль служил пяти монархам. (ru) John Churchill, 1.º Duque de Marlborough, Príncipe de Mindelheim, Conde de Nellenburg KG, PC (Musbury, 26 de maio de 1650 — Windsor, 16 de junho de 1722) foi um militar e estadista inglês cuja carreira durou o reinado de cinco monarcas. Vindo de uma página humilde na corte da Casa de Stuart, ele serviu Jaime, duque de Iorque, durante os anos de 1680 e início de 1670, ganhando avanço político e militar através de sua coragem e habilidade diplomática. O papel de Churchill em derrotar a rebelião de Monmouth em 1685 ajudou a manter Jaime no trono, mas apenas três anos depois, ele abandonou o seu patrono católico para o protestante holandês Guilherme de Orange. Homenageado por seus serviços na coroação de Guilherme com o condado de Marlborough, serviu com distinção adicional nos primeiros anos (pt) John Churchill, från 1702 hertig av Marlborough, född 26 maj 1650 på nära i Devon, död 16 juni 1722 på vid Windsor Castle i Berkshire, var en engelsk militär och politiker (ursprungligen tory, men periodvis istället stöttad av whigs). År 1685 blev han utnämnd till generalmajor. Churchill gifte sig 1678 med Sarah Jennings. Han hade dessutom följande titlar: Captain-general (överbefälhavare), baron Churchill av Sandridge, lord Churchill av Eyemouth, riddare av Strumpebandsorden, medlem av kronrådet, furste av Heliga romerska riket av tysk nation samt riksfurste av Mindelheim. (sv) |
| rdfs:label | John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough (en) جون تشرشل (دوق مارلبورو الأول) (ar) John Churchill (1r duc de Marlborough) (ca) John Churchill, vévoda z Marlborough (cs) John Churchill, 1. Duke of Marlborough (de) John Churchill, I duque de Marlborough (es) John Churchill (eu) John Churchill (in) John Churchill, I duca di Marlborough (it) John Churchill (1er duc de Marlborough) (fr) 제1대 말버러 공작 존 처칠 (ko) John Churchill (nl) ジョン・チャーチル (初代マールバラ公) (ja) John Churchill (1. książę Marlborough) (pl) Черчилль, Джон, 1-й герцог Мальборо (ru) John Churchill, 1.º Duque de Marlborough (pt) John Churchill, hertig av Marlborough (sv) Джон Черчилль (uk) 第一代馬爾博羅公爵約翰·丘吉爾 (zh) |
| owl:sameAs | freebase:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough http://viaf.org/viaf/29153 http://d-nb.info/gnd/118640941 yago-res:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-commons:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough http://d-nb.info/gnd/1243961570 wikidata:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p070527423 dbpedia-ar:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough http://arz.dbpedia.org/resource/جون_تشرشل dbpedia-az:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-bg:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-br:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-ca:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-cs:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-cy:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-da:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-de:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-es:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-et:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-eu:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-fa:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-fi:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-fr:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-gl:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-he:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-hr:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-hu:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-id:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-it:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-ja:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-ka:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-kk:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-ko:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-la:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-lb:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough http://lv.dbpedia.org/resource/Džons_Čērčils dbpedia-mr:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough http://my.dbpedia.org/resource/ဂျွန်_ချာချီ dbpedia-nds:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-nl:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-nn:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-no:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-pl:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-pt:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-ro:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-ru:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-simple:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-sk:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-sr:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-sv:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-th:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-uk:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-vi:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough dbpedia-zh:John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough https://global.dbpedia.org/id/YZ2D |
| skos:exactMatch | http://globalwordnet.org/ili/i94724 |
| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough?oldid=1123357418&ns=0 |
| foaf:depiction | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Anne1705.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Europe_c._1700.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/1st_Duke_of_Marlborough_arms.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Blenheim_Palace_IMG_3675.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Prince_Eugene_of_Savoy.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Charles_II_of_Spain_anonymous_portrait.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/AshMusbury_Devon_ByJohnSwete.png wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Blenheim_Column_of_Victory.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Blenheim_Palace_panorama.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Duke-of-Marlborough-signing-Despatch-Blenheim-Bavaria-1704.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Holywell_House1808.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/James_II,_when_Duke_of_York_-_Lely_c._1665.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill,_1st_D..._attributed_to_Michael_Dahl_91996.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill,_1st_D...lborough;_John_Armstrong_from_NPG.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough_(1650-1722).jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough_Signature.svg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill,_1st_D...orough_by_Sir_Godfrey_Kneller,_Bt.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill,_1st_D...gh_by_Sir_Godfrey_Kneller,_Bt_(2).jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill_in_his_thirties.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Marlborough_Gains.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Monmouth's_Execution.gif wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Ramillies1.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/RobertHarley1710.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Sarah_Churchill_Duchess.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Sidney_Godolphin,_1st...in_by_Sir_Godfrey_Kneller,_Bt_(2).jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/The_Duke_of_Marlborou...Oudenaarde_(1708)_by_John_Wootton.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/The_Marlborough_Family.jpeg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Van_der_Vaart_and_Wis...cottish_National_Portrait_Gallery.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough_by_John_Closterman.jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/King_William_III_of_England,_(1650-1702).jpg wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Recognition_of_the_Duke_of_Anjou_as_King_of_Spain.png |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough |
| foaf:name | The Duke of Marlborough (en) |
| is dbo:alongside of | dbr:John_Holmes_(Royal_Navy_officer)__Tenure__2 |
| is dbo:child of | dbr:Winston_Churchill_(Cavalier) |
| is dbo:commander of | dbr:Battle_of_Elixheim dbr:Battle_of_Malplaquet dbr:Battle_of_Oudenarde dbr:Battle_of_Ramillies dbr:Battle_of_Schellenberg dbr:Battle_of_Sedgemoor dbr:Battle_of_Walcourt dbr:English_Army dbr:Monmouth_Rebellion dbr:Siege_of_Bouchain_(1711) dbr:Siege_of_Cork dbr:Siege_of_Ghent_(1708) dbr:Siege_of_Lille_(1708) dbr:War_of_the_Spanish_Succession |
| is dbo:firstLeader of | dbr:1705_English_general_election |
| is dbo:namedAfter of | dbr:Upper_Marlboro,_Maryland__Upper_Marlboro,_Maryland__1 |
| is dbo:notableCommander of | dbr:Royal_Horse_Guards |
| is dbo:parent of | dbr:Anne_Spencer,_Countess_of_Sunderland_(1683–1716) dbr:Henrietta_Godolphin,_2nd_Duchess_of_Marlborough |
| is dbo:predecessor of | dbr:Henrietta_Godolphin,_2nd_Duchess_of_Marlborough__Tenure__1 |
| is dbo:relation of | dbr:George_Churchill_(Royal_Navy_officer) |
| is dbo:spouse of | dbr:Sarah_Churchill,_Duchess_of_Marlborough |
| is dbo:successor of | dbr:Charles_Howard,_3rd_Earl_of_Carlisle__Tenure__2 |
| is dbo:wikiPageDisambiguates of | dbr:Duke_of_Marlborough_(disambiguation) dbr:Marlborough |
| is dbo:wikiPageRedirects of | dbr:John_Churchill,_1st_duke_of_Marlborough dbr:Churchill,_John dbr:The_1St_Duke_Of_Marlborough dbr:Duke_of_Marlborough dbr:Duke_of_Marlborough_John_Churchill dbr:Duke_of_marlborough dbr:1st_Duke_Marlborough dbr:1st_Duke_of_Marlborough dbr:First_Duke_of_Marlborough dbr:John_Churchill dbr:John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlboroug...rd_Churchill_Of_Eyemouth,_Reichsfürst dbr:John_Churchill,_1st_Earl_of_Marlborough dbr:John_Churchill,_Duke_of_Marlborough dbr:John_Churchill_Marlborough dbr:John_Marlborough dbr:Marlborough,_John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of |
| is dbo:wikiPageWikiLink of | dbr:Camden_Fort_Meagher dbr:Carillon dbr:Carl_Gustav_Rehnskiöld dbr:Cassington dbr:Prince_Eugene_of_Savoy dbr:Prince_George_of_Denmark dbr:Prince_William,_Duke_of_Cumberland dbr:Prince_William,_Duke_of_Gloucester dbr:Quebec_Expedition dbr:Robert_Montagu,_3rd_Duke_of_Manchester dbr:Robert_Spencer,_2nd_Earl_of_Sunderland dbr:Robert_Spencer,_4th_Earl_of_Sunderland dbr:Robert_Walpole dbr:Roger_Elliott dbr:Royal_Artillery dbr:Royal_Fusiliers dbr:Royal_Horse_Guards dbr:Royal_Irish_Regiment_(1684–1922) dbr:Royal_Scots dbr:Royal_Scots_Fusiliers dbr:Royal_Scots_Greys dbr:Royal_Welch_Fusiliers dbr:Samuel_Shute dbr:Sandridge dbr:Sarah_Churchill,_Duchess_of_Marlborough dbr:Scots_Army dbr:List_of_U.S._county_name_etymologies_(J–M) dbr:List_of_ambassadors_of_Great_Britain_to_Sweden dbr:List_of_ambassadors_of_the_Kingdom_of_England_to_France dbr:List_of_battles_1601–1800 dbr:List_of_cultural_icons_of_England dbr:List_of_deserters_from_King_James_II_to_William_of_Orange dbr:List_of_diplomats_of_the_United_Kingdom_to_Prussia dbr:List_of_dukedoms_in_the_peerages_of_Britain_and_Ireland dbr:List_of_early_Puffin_Story_Books dbr:List_of_eponymous_roads_in_London dbr:List_of_etymologies_of_country_subdivision_names dbr:Micah_Clarke dbr:Michael_Richards_(engineer) dbr:Moscow_Conference_(1942) dbr:Montagu_Venables-Bertie,_2nd_Earl_of_Abingdon dbr:Thomas_Blood dbr:Battle_of_Beachy_Head_(1690) dbr:Battle_of_Blenheim dbr:Battle_of_Camaret dbr:Battle_of_Cassano_(1705) dbr:Battle_of_Castiglione_(1706) dbr:Battle_of_Cádiz_(1702) dbr:Battle_of_Denain dbr:Battle_of_Elixheim dbr:Battle_of_Entzheim dbr:Battle_of_Helsingborg dbr:Battle_of_Malplaquet dbr:Battle_of_Oudenarde dbr:Battle_of_Ramillies dbr:Battle_of_Salamanca dbr:Battle_of_Schellenberg dbr:Battle_of_Sedgemoor dbr:Battle_of_Walcourt dbr:Battle_of_Wijnendale dbr:Bedfordshire_and_Hertfordshire_Regiment dbr:Bernard_Mandeville dbr:Bevil_Granville dbr:Blenheim,_New_Zealand dbr:Blenheim,_South_Carolina dbr:Bouchain dbr:David_G._Chandler dbr:David_Watson_(British_Army_officer) dbr:Deerfield_Residence dbr:Dendermonde dbr:Devonshire_Regiment dbr:Andrew_Schalch dbr:Annappes dbr:Anne_Spencer,_Countess_of_Sunderland_(died_1715) dbr:Archibald_Campbell,_3rd_Duke_of_Argyll dbr:History_of_cricket_to_1725 dbr:Horatio_Nelson,_1st_Viscount_Nelson dbr:House_of_Nassau dbr:House_of_Orange-Nassau dbr:Houthalen-Helchteren dbr:Hudson's_Bay_Company dbr:John_Nevell dbr:John_Neville_(actor) dbr:John_Pooley dbr:John_Simon_(engraver) dbr:John_Spencer,_1st_Earl_Spencer dbr:John_Vanbrugh dbr:John_William_Friso dbr:Joseph_I,_Holy_Roman_Emperor dbr:Joseph_Johann_Adam,_Prince_of_Liechtenstein dbr:List_of_British_generals_and_brigadiers dbr:List_of_British_governments dbr:List_of_English_chief_ministers dbr:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_Western_Europe dbr:List_of_World_Heritage_Sites_in_the_United_Kingdom dbr:List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_Kingdom_to_the_Netherlands dbr:List_of_child_brides dbr:List_of_counties_in_South_Carolina dbr:List_of_knights_and_ladies_of_the_Garter dbr:List_of_places_in_the_United_States_named_after_people dbr:List_of_places_named_after_people dbr:List_of_political_families_in_the_United_Kingdom dbr:Peace_of_Utrecht dbr:Pensions_in_the_United_Kingdom dbr:Percy_James_Brebner dbr:Peterborough_County_Grammar_School_for_Girls dbr:Reinhard_Vincent_Graf_von_Hompesch dbr:Richard_Bentley dbr:Richard_Blackmore dbr:Richard_Ingoldsby_(British_Army_officer,_died_1712) dbr:Richard_Ingoldsby_(British_Army_officer,_died_1759) dbr:Richard_Molesworth,_3rd_Viscount_Molesworth dbr:Richard_Savage,_4th_Earl_Rivers dbr:Richard_Temple,_1st_Viscount_Cobham dbr:Robert_Harley,_1st_Earl_of_Oxford_and_Earl_Mortimer dbr:Robert_Ker,_3rd_Earl_of_Roxburghe dbr:Charles_Boit dbr:Charles_Cathcart,_8th_Lord_Cathcart dbr:Charles_Cox_(brewer) dbr:Charles_Duke_Yonge dbr:Charles_Godfrey_(courtier) dbr:Charles_Henry_Churchill dbr:Charles_Howard,_3rd_Earl_of_Carlisle dbr:Charles_II:_The_Power_and_the_Passion dbr:Charles_Morris_(poet) dbr:Cumberland_Lodge dbr:Ulm_campaign dbr:University_of_Reading dbr:Upper_Marlboro,_Maryland dbr:Viehbach_(Fahrenzhausen) dbr:Delarivier_Manley dbr:Donald_McBane dbr:Dutch_States_Army dbr:Earl_of_Marlborough dbr:Earl_of_Sunderland dbr:Early_modern_period dbr:Jacob_van_Wassenaer_Obdam_(younger) dbr:Jakob_Bogdani dbr:James_Vernon dbr:Jan_Baptist_Xavery dbr:Johan_Wijnand_van_Goor dbr:John_Barrett_(Irish_soldier) dbr:John_Bateman,_2nd_Viscount_Bateman dbr:John_Beaumont_(died_1701) dbr:John_Boteler,_1st_Baron_Boteler_of_Brantfield dbr:May_23 dbr:May_26 dbr:Lincolnshire_Posy dbr:List_of_highwaymen dbr:List_of_medical_recipients_of_the_Victoria_Cross dbr:List_of_peerages_inherited_by_women dbr:List_of_peers_1680–1689 dbr:List_of_peers_1690–1699 dbr:List_of_peers_1700–1707 dbr:List_of_peers_1707–1719 dbr:List_of_peers_1720–1729 dbr:List_of_people_from_St_Albans dbr:List_of_people_removed_from_a_Privy_Council dbr:List_of_people_with_Royal_Navy_ships_named_after_them dbr:Richard_Jennings_(politician) dbr:Sir_John_Barrington,_3rd_Baronet dbr:William_Jennens dbr:Royal_bastard dbr:William_Barrell dbr:Timeline_of_British_diplomatic_history dbr:Timeline_of_English_history dbr:1702_English_general_election dbr:1705_English_general_election dbr:1708_in_Great_Britain dbr:1722_in_Great_Britain dbr:1650 dbr:1650_in_England dbr:1682_in_England dbr:1692 dbr:1692_in_England dbr:1696_Jacobite_assassination_plot dbr:1698 dbr:1702 dbr:1702_in_England dbr:1703_in_England dbr:1704 dbr:1704_in_England dbr:1704_in_literature dbr:1705 dbr:1705_in_England dbr:1705_in_France dbr:1705_in_literature dbr:1706 dbr:1706_in_England dbr:1706_in_poetry dbr:1708 dbr:1709 dbr:1709_in_Great_Britain dbr:1711 dbr:1711_in_France dbr:1711_in_Great_Britain dbr:1711_in_literature dbr:1716 dbr:1716_in_Great_Britain dbr:1722 dbr:1722_in_literature dbr:1724 dbr:Colonel_(United_Kingdom) dbr:Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Forces dbr:Convention_of_Milan dbr:Mary_Montagu,_Duchess_of_Montagu_(1689–1751) dbr:Mary_Montagu,_Duchess_of_Montagu_(1711–1775) dbr:Mary_Osborne,_Duchess_of_Leeds dbr:Maurice_Ashley_(historian) dbr:Maurice_de_Saxe dbr:Maximilian_Ulysses_Browne dbr:McKee_Barracks dbr:Me_and_Marlborough dbr:Meinhardt_Schomberg,_3rd_Duke_of_Schomberg dbr:Menen dbr:Menno_van_Coehoorn dbr:Saint-Omer dbr:Salisbury dbr:Elizabeth_Boyd dbr:Ernest_Crofts dbr:Louis_de_Duras,_2nd_Earl_of_Feversham dbr:Nathan_Wright_(judge) dbr:Churchill,_Manitoba dbr:Churchill_River_(Hudson_Bay) dbr:Churchill_tank dbr:Clan_Hunter dbr:Claude_Frédéric_t'Serclaes,_Count_of_Tilly dbr:Claude_Louis_Hector_de_Villars dbr:Alexander_Cairnes dbr:Alexander_Rumyantsev_(nobleman) dbr:Edward_Boscawen dbr:Edward_Everett dbr:Edward_Hussey-Montagu,_1st_Earl_Beaulieu dbr:Edward_Hyde,_3rd_Earl_of_Clarendon dbr:Edward_Northey_(barrister) dbr:Edward_Whitaker dbr:Efford dbr:Elizabeth_Scott,_Duchess_of_Buccleuch_(1743–1827) dbr:Elizabeth_Seymour,_Duchess_of_Somerset dbr:English_Army dbr:English_cricket_matches_to_1725 dbr:François_Nicolas_Fagel dbr:François_de_Neufville,_duc_de_Villeroy dbr:French_Royal_Army dbr:George_Carpenter,_1st_Baron_Carpenter dbr:George_Churchill_(Royal_Navy_officer) dbr:George_Dashwood_(1680–1758) dbr:George_Granville,_1st_Baron_Lansdowne dbr:George_Hamilton,_1st_Earl_of_Orkney dbr:George_II_of_Great_Britain dbr:George_Keith,_10th_Earl_Marischal dbr:George_Legge,_1st_Baron_Dartmouth dbr:George_Macartney_(British_Army_officer) dbr:George_Montagu,_4th_Duke_of_Manchester dbr:George_Savile,_1st_Marquess_of_Halifax dbr:George_Spencer-Churchill,_5th_Duke_of_Marlborough dbr:George_Wade dbr:Georgiana_Cavendish,_Duchess_of_Devonshire dbr:Glanvilles_Wootton dbr:Glorious_Revolution dbr:Godolphin–Marlborough_ministry dbr:Great_Marlborough_Street dbr:Boughton_House dbr:Monmouth_Rebellion dbr:Musbury dbr:Thomas_Desaguliers dbr:Thomas_Lascelles_(engineer) dbr:Thomas_Paget_(British_Army_officer) dbr:Thomas_Pelham-Holles,_1st_Duke_of_Newcastle dbr:Equestrian_Portrait_of_Charles_I dbr:Robert_Cavanah dbr:Military_art dbr:Military_history_of_the_Netherlands dbr:Angel_Delight_(album) dbr:Anne,_Queen_of_Great_Britain dbr:Anne_Hyde dbr:Anne_Russell,_Duchess_of_Bedford dbr:Anne_Spencer,_Countess_of_Sunderland_(1683–1716) dbr:Anthony_Eden dbr:Arabella_Churchill_(royal_mistress) dbr:Armorial_of_the_House_of_Stuart dbr:Army_Records_Society dbr:Bernard_Drake dbr:Leopold_I,_Prince_of_Anhalt-Dessau dbr:Lillers dbr:Limbourg dbr:Liège dbr:Lord_Anne_Hamilton dbr:Lord_John_Hay_(Scottish_Army_officer) dbr:Louis-François_de_Boufflers dbr:Louis_William,_Margrave_of_Baden-Baden dbr:Louis_XIV dbr:Louis_de_Cormontaigne dbr:Magnus_Stenbock dbr:Malplaquet_proclamation dbr:Board_of_Ordnance dbr:Sidney_Godolphin,_1st_Earl_of_Godolphin dbr:Siege dbr:Siege_of_Bonn_(1703) dbr:Siege_of_Bouchain_(1711) |
| is dbp:after of | dbr:Montagu_Venables-Bertie,_2nd_Earl_of_Abingdon dbr:Charles_Howard,_3rd_Earl_of_Carlisle dbr:Sir_John_Barrington,_3rd_Baronet dbr:Louis_de_Duras,_2nd_Earl_of_Feversham dbr:William_Seymour_(British_Army_officer,_born_1664) dbr:Richard_Graham,_1st_Viscount_Preston dbr:Henry_Sydney,_1st_Earl_of_Romney dbr:James_FitzJames,_1st_Duke_of_Berwick |
| is dbp:alongside of | dbr:John_Holmes_(Royal_Navy_officer) |
| is dbp:before of | dbr:Montagu_Venables-Bertie,_2nd_Earl_of_Abingdon dbr:Richard_Savage,_4th_Earl_Rivers dbr:William_Cadogan,_1st_Earl_Cadogan dbr:John_Poulett,_1st_Earl_Poulett dbr:Henrietta_Godolphin,_2nd_Duchess_of_Marlborough dbr:James_FitzJames,_1st_Duke_of_Berwick |
| is dbp:children of | dbr:Winston_Churchill_(Cavalier) |
| is dbp:commander of | dbr:English_Army dbr:Siege_of_Cork |
| is dbp:father of | dbr:Mary_Montagu,_Duchess_of_Montagu_(1689–1751) dbr:Anne_Spencer,_Countess_of_Sunderland_(1683–1716) |
| is dbp:firstHolder of | dbr:Duke_of_Marlborough_(title) |
| is dbp:leader of | dbr:1705_English_general_election |
| is dbp:minister of | dbr:Walpole–Townshend_ministry |
| is dbp:namedFor of | dbr:Upper_Marlboro,_Maryland dbr:Marlboro_County,_South_Carolina |
| is dbp:namesake of | dbr:Marlborough_Street,_Dublin |
| is dbp:notableCommanders of | dbr:Royal_Horse_Guards |
| is dbp:officeholder of | dbr:Commander-in-Chief_of_the_Forces |
| is dbp:otherGovernmentMinister of | dbr:Godolphin–Marlborough_ministry |
| is dbp:parents of | dbr:John_Churchill,_Marquess_of_Blandford |
| is dbp:predecessor of | dbr:Henrietta_Godolphin,_2nd_Duchess_of_Marlborough |
| is dbp:relations of | dbr:George_Churchill_(Royal_Navy_officer) |
| is dbp:shipNamesake of | dbr:HMS_Marlborough_(1912) |
| is dbp:spouse of | dbr:Sarah_Churchill,_Duchess_of_Marlborough |
| is dbp:successor of | dbr:Charles_Howard,_3rd_Earl_of_Carlisle |
| is dbp:title of | dbr:Angel_Delight_(album) |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:John_Churchill,_1st_Duke_of_Marlborough |
