Rascians (original) (raw)

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Raizen, Raitzen oder Rascier sind historische deutschsprachige Begriffe, die bis ins frühe 19. Jahrhundert als Bezeichnung für die orthodoxe serbische Bevölkerung der Habsburgermonarchie verwendet wurden. Die Begriffe beziehen sich auf die historische Region Rascien, die im heutigen serbischen Okrug Raška liegt.

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dbo:abstract Raizen, Raitzen oder Rascier sind historische deutschsprachige Begriffe, die bis ins frühe 19. Jahrhundert als Bezeichnung für die orthodoxe serbische Bevölkerung der Habsburgermonarchie verwendet wurden. Die Begriffe beziehen sich auf die historische Region Rascien, die im heutigen serbischen Okrug Raška liegt. (de) Les Rasciens (serbe : Рац, pluriel : Раци ; hongrois : Rác, pluriel : Rácok ; allemand : Raize, pluriel : Raizen) désignent originellement l'ethnonyme attribué par les Magyars et les Allemands aux populations serbes et plus généralement slaves du Sud (par exemple les Bunjevci et Šokci). Ce dénominatif est un dérivé des habitants de l'ancienne Rascie, préfiguration au VIIe siècle du futur royaume de Serbie. Au XIVe siècle, on nomme Rascie la région d'immigration des Serbes au sud de la plaine hongroise, dans l'actuelle Hongrie. L'exonyme est resté dans les toponymes de certaines localités de Hongrie : Rácalmás, Ráckeresztúr, Ráckeve ou Tabán (en allemand : Raitzenstadt) ainsi que dans le patronyme Rácz/Rátz. De nos jours, ce dénominatif est perçu comme méprisant ou sarcastique. (fr) Rascios o rascianos (en latín, Rasciani, Natio Rasciana, en serbio, Рашани, Rašani) fue un término usado principalmente en el reino de Hungría y en la monarquía de los Habsburgo. El término se deriva de la forma latinizada de la región de Raška (Rascia) en el centro de Serbia. En las fuentes medievales y modernas tempranas occidentales, el exónimo Rascia fue usado como una denominación para las tierras serbias en general, y, consecuentemente el término rasciani se convirtió en una de las más comunes designaciones par los serbios. Debido a la creciente concentración migratoria de serbios en el sur de la llanura de Panonia desde el siglo XV, estas regiones fueron conocidas también como Rascia, pues estaban muy pobladas por los rasciani. Fue utilizado para regiones que van desde el Banato occidental a la Eslavonia central, incluyendo las regiones de Sirmia, Bačka y el sur de Baranja. Desde el siglo XVI al XVIII, estas regiones fueron lugar de conflicto entre el Imperio otomano y la monarquía de los Habsburgo, y actualmente pertenecen a diversos países (Serbia, Rumanía, Hungría y Croacia).​ En una perspectiva más amplia, el término también se usó para algunos otros grupos eslavos del sur relacionados en territorios de la monarquía de Habsburgo, como los católicos bunjevci y los šokci (designados como "rascianos católicos"), e incluso en ocasiones puede referir a todos los eslavos del sur excepto a los búlgaros, pues la terminología de naciones individuales y grupos étnicos que inmigraron a Hungría era muy compleja. Personas a las que más tarde se les llamó rascianos se identificaban a sí mismas como serbios. En Hungría, algunos rascios se veían a sí mismos como croatas, principalmente en las localidades de (Tukulja), (Baćin) y (Dušnok).​ (es) Rascians (Serbian: Раши, Рашани / Raši, Rašani; Latin: Rasciani, Natio Rasciana) was a historical term for Serbs. The term was derived from the Latinized name for the central Serbian region of Raška (Latin: Rascia; Serbian Cyrillic: Рашка). In medieval and early modern Western sources, exonym Rascia was often used as a designation for Serbian lands in general, and consequently the term Rasciani became one of the most common designations for Serbs. Because of the increasing migratory concentration of Serbs in the southern Pannonian Plain, since the late 15th century, those regions also became referred to as Rascia, since they were largely inhabited by Rasciani (Rascians). Among those regions, term Rascia (Raška) was most frequently used for territories spanning from western Banat to central Slavonia, including the regions of Syrmia, Bačka, and southern Baranja. From the 16th to the 18th century, those regions were contested between the Ottoman Empire and the Habsburg monarchy, and today they belong to several modern countries (Serbia, Romania, Hungary, Croatia). In a wider perspective, the term was also used for some other related South Slavic groups of the Habsburg Monarchy, such as the Catholic Bunjevci and Šokci (designated as "Catholic Rascians").Although they were certainly mostly Serbs, the term Rascians has wider meaning and includes all southern Slavs except Bulgarians. The reason for this is very mixed terminology of individual nations and ethnic groups immigrated to Hungary. They were distinguished by their religion as the "Catholic Rascians" Dalmatians, or as they are today called Bunjevci (which are they were originally from Dalmatia). People who were called Rascians later mostly self-identified as Serbs. In Hungary some Rascians saw themselves as Croats, mostly in villages of Tököl (Tukulja), Bátya (Baćin) and Dusnok (Dušnok). (en) Рашцы, или рашане (серб. Раци / Raci, Рашани / Rašani; хорв. Raci, Rašani; венг. Rácok; нидерл. Raizen; нем. Raizen, Raitzen, Rascier, die raizische Nation; лат. Rasciani, Natio Rasciana) — жители средневекового государства Рашки (серб. Рашка / Raška; лат. Rascia). Поздне́е — название (экзоэтноним) сербов. В исторических источниках впервые отмечено в 1189 году, тогда как этноним сербы впервые встречается во франкских анналах 822 года. Впоследствии, в XVII—XIX веках, этноним «рашане», наряду с «иллиры» (нем. die il-lyrische Nation) использовался в немецко- и латиноязычных официальных документах и по отношению к сербам, иммигрировавшим на территорию Паннонской низменности (современная Воеводина) и их потомкам. Сами сербы, в свою очередь, хоть и мирились с использованием этих этнонимов в официальных документах, но никогда не использовали их в качестве самоназвания. (ru)
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rdfs:comment Raizen, Raitzen oder Rascier sind historische deutschsprachige Begriffe, die bis ins frühe 19. Jahrhundert als Bezeichnung für die orthodoxe serbische Bevölkerung der Habsburgermonarchie verwendet wurden. Die Begriffe beziehen sich auf die historische Region Rascien, die im heutigen serbischen Okrug Raška liegt. (de) Les Rasciens (serbe : Рац, pluriel : Раци ; hongrois : Rác, pluriel : Rácok ; allemand : Raize, pluriel : Raizen) désignent originellement l'ethnonyme attribué par les Magyars et les Allemands aux populations serbes et plus généralement slaves du Sud (par exemple les Bunjevci et Šokci). Ce dénominatif est un dérivé des habitants de l'ancienne Rascie, préfiguration au VIIe siècle du futur royaume de Serbie. Au XIVe siècle, on nomme Rascie la région d'immigration des Serbes au sud de la plaine hongroise, dans l'actuelle Hongrie. L'exonyme est resté dans les toponymes de certaines localités de Hongrie : Rácalmás, Ráckeresztúr, Ráckeve ou Tabán (en allemand : Raitzenstadt) ainsi que dans le patronyme Rácz/Rátz. De nos jours, ce dénominatif est perçu comme méprisant ou sarcastique. (fr) Rascios o rascianos (en latín, Rasciani, Natio Rasciana, en serbio, Рашани, Rašani) fue un término usado principalmente en el reino de Hungría y en la monarquía de los Habsburgo. El término se deriva de la forma latinizada de la región de Raška (Rascia) en el centro de Serbia. En las fuentes medievales y modernas tempranas occidentales, el exónimo Rascia fue usado como una denominación para las tierras serbias en general, y, consecuentemente el término rasciani se convirtió en una de las más comunes designaciones par los serbios. Debido a la creciente concentración migratoria de serbios en el sur de la llanura de Panonia desde el siglo XV, estas regiones fueron conocidas también como Rascia, pues estaban muy pobladas por los rasciani. Fue utilizado para regiones que van desde el Banato occ (es) Rascians (Serbian: Раши, Рашани / Raši, Rašani; Latin: Rasciani, Natio Rasciana) was a historical term for Serbs. The term was derived from the Latinized name for the central Serbian region of Raška (Latin: Rascia; Serbian Cyrillic: Рашка). In medieval and early modern Western sources, exonym Rascia was often used as a designation for Serbian lands in general, and consequently the term Rasciani became one of the most common designations for Serbs. Because of the increasing migratory concentration of Serbs in the southern Pannonian Plain, since the late 15th century, those regions also became referred to as Rascia, since they were largely inhabited by Rasciani (Rascians). Among those regions, term Rascia (Raška) was most frequently used for territories spanning from western Banat to central (en) Рашцы, или рашане (серб. Раци / Raci, Рашани / Rašani; хорв. Raci, Rašani; венг. Rácok; нидерл. Raizen; нем. Raizen, Raitzen, Rascier, die raizische Nation; лат. Rasciani, Natio Rasciana) — жители средневекового государства Рашки (серб. Рашка / Raška; лат. Rascia). Поздне́е — название (экзоэтноним) сербов. В исторических источниках впервые отмечено в 1189 году, тогда как этноним сербы впервые встречается во франкских анналах 822 года. (ru)
rdfs:label Raizen (de) Rascianos (es) Rasciens (fr) Rascians (en) Расцы (ru)
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