Satisficing (original) (raw)
Satisficing (auf deutsch Satisfizierung oder Anspruchserfüllung), eine Wortschöpfung von Herbert A. Simon, ist ein Kofferwort aus den englischen Wörtern satisfying (= befriedigend) und suffice (= genügen). Der Begriff wird in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften, in der psychologischen Entscheidungstheorie und in der Kybernetik verwendet.
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| dbo:abstract | Satisficing (auf deutsch Satisfizierung oder Anspruchserfüllung), eine Wortschöpfung von Herbert A. Simon, ist ein Kofferwort aus den englischen Wörtern satisfying (= befriedigend) und suffice (= genügen). Der Begriff wird in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften, in der psychologischen Entscheidungstheorie und in der Kybernetik verwendet. (de) Le terme satisficing, ou principe du seuil de satisfaction de l'individu est un mot-valise formé des mots satisfying (satisfaisant) et sufficing (suffisant), qu'on pourrait ainsi traduire par suffisfaisant ou satisfisant. Le mot sous ce sens apparaît en 1957 dans le discours du sociologue, économiste et psychologue Herbert Simon dans le cadre de ces recherches sur le comportement humain. Il explique ainsi que les gens sont prêts à accepter une solution « suffisamment bonne » plutôt « qu'optimale » si l'apprentissage de toutes les alternatives devait coûter du temps ou des efforts. (fr) Satisficing (dikenal dalam bahasa Inggris: satisfaction, Yunani /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/ berarti "keterpuasan") adalah strategi pengambilan keputusan atau heuristik kognitif yang memerlukan pencarian melalui alternatif yang tersedia sampai ambang penerimaan terpenuhi. (in) Satisficing is a decision-making strategy or cognitive heuristic that entails searching through the available alternatives until an acceptability threshold is met. The term satisficing, a portmanteau of satisfy and suffice, was introduced by Herbert A. Simon in 1956, although the concept was first posited in his 1947 book Administrative Behavior. Simon used satisficing to explain the behavior of decision makers under circumstances in which an optimal solution cannot be determined. He maintained that many natural problems are characterized by computational intractability or a lack of information, both of which preclude the use of mathematical optimization procedures. He observed in his Nobel Prize in Economics speech that "decision makers can satisfice either by finding optimum solutions for a simplified world, or by finding satisfactory solutions for a more realistic world. Neither approach, in general, dominates the other, and both have continued to co-exist in the world of management science". Simon formulated the concept within a novel approach to rationality, which posits that rational choice theory is an unrealistic description of human decision processes and calls for psychological realism. He referred to this approach as bounded rationality. Some consequentialist theories in moral philosophy use the concept of satisficing in the same sense, though most call for optimization instead. (en) Satisficing è un concetto di teoria delle decisioni che si riferisce alla strategia che cerca di soddisfare i criteri di adeguatezza, piuttosto che individuare una soluzione ottimale. La parola satisficing è un neologismo (più precisamente, una parola macedonia) coniato da Herbert Simon (1956) composto dalle parole inglesi "satisfy"= soddisfazione e "suffice" =sufficienza. Herbert Simon aveva sottolineato che agli esseri umani mancano le risorse cognitive per massimizzare: di solito non conoscono con quale probabilità si ottengono i vari esiti, si possono raramente valutare tutti i risultati con sufficiente precisione, e la nostra memoria è debole e non molto affidabile. Un approccio più realistico alla razionalità tiene conto di queste limitazioni: la razionalità limitata. (it) Zasada satysfakcji – zasada psychologiczna wywodząca się z teorii podejmowania decyzji (tzw. ograniczonej racjonalności – bounded rationality), głosząca, że pierwszy wariant, który jest dla nas satysfakcjonujący i spełnia nasze oczekiwania, zostaje wybrany. Opierając się na naszych doświadczeniach i pamięci tworzymy konstrukty oczekiwań dotyczące rozwiązań, jakie mogą zostać przez nas osiągnięte. Podejmując decyzję co do wyboru jednej z wielu alternatyw, przestajemy szukać wówczas, gdy trafimy na taką, która jest zgodna z naszymi oczekiwaniami. Wybór pierwszej z satysfakcjonujących alternatyw rozwiązuje problem wyboru alternatyw z wielkiej puli, które muszą zostać ze sobą porównane i problem rozważenia wszystkich alternatyw, aby określić, która z nich jest optymalna. Reguła satysfakcji rozwiązuje również problem podejmowania decyzji, kiedy alternatywy są niewymierne z tego powodu, że alternatywne decyzje mają liczne wymiary wartości, które mogą być ze sobą nieporównywalne, następstwo wyboru jednej z nich może być korzystne lub niekorzystne, wpływają czy dotyczą wartości jednej lub więcej osób. Za satysfakcjonującą alternatywę możemy uznać tą, która: jest zgodna ze wszystkimi wymiarami wartości, następstwo wyboru jednej z nich jest korzystne, jest wartościowa dla członków całej grupy. (pl) |
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| rdfs:comment | Satisficing (auf deutsch Satisfizierung oder Anspruchserfüllung), eine Wortschöpfung von Herbert A. Simon, ist ein Kofferwort aus den englischen Wörtern satisfying (= befriedigend) und suffice (= genügen). Der Begriff wird in den Wirtschaftswissenschaften, in der psychologischen Entscheidungstheorie und in der Kybernetik verwendet. (de) Le terme satisficing, ou principe du seuil de satisfaction de l'individu est un mot-valise formé des mots satisfying (satisfaisant) et sufficing (suffisant), qu'on pourrait ainsi traduire par suffisfaisant ou satisfisant. Le mot sous ce sens apparaît en 1957 dans le discours du sociologue, économiste et psychologue Herbert Simon dans le cadre de ces recherches sur le comportement humain. Il explique ainsi que les gens sont prêts à accepter une solution « suffisamment bonne » plutôt « qu'optimale » si l'apprentissage de toutes les alternatives devait coûter du temps ou des efforts. (fr) Satisficing (dikenal dalam bahasa Inggris: satisfaction, Yunani /ˌsætɪsˈfækʃn/ berarti "keterpuasan") adalah strategi pengambilan keputusan atau heuristik kognitif yang memerlukan pencarian melalui alternatif yang tersedia sampai ambang penerimaan terpenuhi. (in) Satisficing is a decision-making strategy or cognitive heuristic that entails searching through the available alternatives until an acceptability threshold is met. The term satisficing, a portmanteau of satisfy and suffice, was introduced by Herbert A. Simon in 1956, although the concept was first posited in his 1947 book Administrative Behavior. Simon used satisficing to explain the behavior of decision makers under circumstances in which an optimal solution cannot be determined. He maintained that many natural problems are characterized by computational intractability or a lack of information, both of which preclude the use of mathematical optimization procedures. He observed in his Nobel Prize in Economics speech that "decision makers can satisfice either by finding optimum solutions fo (en) Satisficing è un concetto di teoria delle decisioni che si riferisce alla strategia che cerca di soddisfare i criteri di adeguatezza, piuttosto che individuare una soluzione ottimale. La parola satisficing è un neologismo (più precisamente, una parola macedonia) coniato da Herbert Simon (1956) composto dalle parole inglesi "satisfy"= soddisfazione e "suffice" =sufficienza. Un approccio più realistico alla razionalità tiene conto di queste limitazioni: la razionalità limitata. (it) Zasada satysfakcji – zasada psychologiczna wywodząca się z teorii podejmowania decyzji (tzw. ograniczonej racjonalności – bounded rationality), głosząca, że pierwszy wariant, który jest dla nas satysfakcjonujący i spełnia nasze oczekiwania, zostaje wybrany. (pl) |
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