Tipu Sultan (original) (raw)
Tipu Sultan, també conegut amb el nom de Tipu Sahib (1749-4 de maig de 1799) va ser sultà de Mysore a partir de 1782 i un dels principals opositors a la instal·lació del poder britànic a l'Índia, la qual cosa li va valer el sobrenom de Tigre de Mysore.
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| dbo:abstract | Tipu Sultan, també conegut amb el nom de Tipu Sahib (1749-4 de maig de 1799) va ser sultà de Mysore a partir de 1782 i un dels principals opositors a la instal·lació del poder britànic a l'Índia, la qual cosa li va valer el sobrenom de Tigre de Mysore. (ca) Fateh Alí Tipú (20. listopadu 1750, Bengalúr, Karnátaka – 4. května 1799, Šrírangapattanam, Karnátaka), také známý pod jménem Tipu Sultan, Tipu Sahib, sultán Tipú nebo Tygr z Maisúru, byl vládcem Maisúrského království. Na trůn nastoupil coby nejstarší syn sultána Haidara Alího po otcově smrti, vládl od 22. prosince 1782 až do své smrti. Zavedl řadu inovací, mimo jiné byl průkopníkem válečné raketové techniky. Vedl expanzionistickou a nábožensky netolerantní politiku a bojoval hlavně proti Angličanům. Byl zabit v bitvě během čtvrté anglo-maisúrské války. (cs) Tipu Sultan (Tipu Sahib; * 19. November 1749 oder 10. Dezember 1750 in ; † 4. Mai 1799 in Shrirangapattana) herrschte über den Staat Mysore im Süden Indiens. Er war ein Sohn und seit 1782 Nachfolger Hyder Alis, der nach der erfolgreichen Verteidigung von Shrirangapattana, der Hauptstadt Mysores im Süden Indiens, vom General zum De-facto-Herrscher aufgestiegen war. In Indien ist er heute noch unter dem Namen „Tiger von Mysore“ sehr populär. (de) السلطان تيبو (نوفمبر 1750م، ديفاناهالي (Devanahalli)؛– 4 من مايو 1799م، سيرنجاباتم (Seringapatam)، كان حاكم سلطنة ميسور الهندية وقد اشتهر أيضًا باسم نمر ميسور. وكان حيدر على والد تيبو في هذا الوقت ضابطًا في الجيش المايسوري، بينما والدته وهي فاطمة أو فخر النساء زوجة حيدر على الثانية. وقد اشتهر تيبو أيضا بالعديد من الألقاب التشريفية مثل سلطان فاتح على خان شهاب أو تيبو صاحب أو سلطان بهادر خان تيبو أو فاتح على تيبو سلطان بهادر. كان تيبو شخصية مثيرة للجدل وانتقد لقمعه الهندوس والمسيحيين. وتصف مصادر مختلفة المذابح، والسجن، والتحويل القسري إلى الإسلام، والختان القسري، لكل من الهندوس والمسيحيين (كاثوليك مانغلور). وقام بتدمير كل من الكنائس المسيحيَّة والمعابد الهندوسيَّة والتي تم الإستشهاد بها كدليل على تعصبه الديني. وتذكر مصادر أخرى تعيينه لضباط هندوس في إدارته وهباته لمعابد هندوسية، والتي تم الاستشهاد بها كدليل على تسامحه الديني. (ar) Tipu Sultan, konata ankaŭ kiel Tigro de Majsur (naskiĝis la 20-an de novembro 1750 en , Karnatako, mortis la 4-an de majo 1799 en , Karnatako), la unua filo de Haider Ali kun lia dua edzino Fatima (Fakr un-nissa), estis reganto de la Majsura reĝlando. Post morto de sia patro en 1782 li regis ĝis fino de sia vivo. Tipu estis edukita (li enkondukis lunsunan kalendaron) kaj religia homo, krome talenta militisto. Oni lin konsideris bona poeto kaj eminenta lingvisto. Laŭ peto de francoj li konstruis en Majsur la unuan preĝejon. Kune kun sia patro li venkis britan armeon dum la dua majsura milito negocinte traktaton. Li tamen estis venkita de Brita Orienthinda Kompanio en la tria kaj kvara militoj per kunigitaj fortoj de Britio kun najbaroj de Majsur, kiel Maratha Imperio kaj aliaj. Sultano Tipu pereis dum defendo de sia ĉefurbo Srirangapatna (proksime al Majsur). (eo) Sultan Fateh Ali Tipu, Tipu Saib (20 de noviembre de 1750, -4 de mayo de 1799, Srirangapattana). También es conocido como el Tigre de Mysore, porque se dice que el sultán Tipu fue de caza al bosque con un amigo francés, se topó cara a cara con un tigre. Su arma no funcionó, y su daga cayó en la tierra mientras que el tigre saltó sobre él. Él alcanzó la daga, la tomó, y mató al tigre con ella. Por ello tenía la imagen de un tigre en su bandera. (es) Tipu Sahib —Tipu sultana, Fateh Ali Khan Shahab, Tipu Saheb, Bahadur Khan Tipu Sultan eta Fatih Ali Khan Tipu sultan adoretsua (sultan bahadur) izenez ere ezaguna— sultana eta Indiako hegoaldeko gudari ospetsuena izan zen XVIII. mendean. printzearen semea zen. Frantsesekin ikasi zuen arma-lanbidea; eta karnata, eta britainiarren aurka borrokatu zen 1767-1782 bitartean. 1782an aitaren lekua hartu zuen, eta 1783an britainiarrak bere lurretatik kanpora egotzi zituen, frantsesen laguntzaz. 1789an mahrattek eta britainiarrek menderatu zuten. 1792an manupeko lur gehienak utzi behar izan zituen. Eta 1798an berriro eraso zien britainiarrei, Napoleon Bonaparteren laguntza jaso ondoren. 1799an hil zuten, hiriaren setioan. (eu) Rialtóir Ríocht Mysore ab ea Sabhdán Fateh Ali Sahab Tipu. Rugadh é i , Karnataka ar an 20 Samhain 1750 agus fuair bás ar an 4 Bealtaine 1799. (ga) Sultan Fateh Ali Tipu (bahasa Urdu: فتۃ الی تیپو) November, 1750, – 4 Mei, 1799, ), juga dikenal dengan julukan Harimau dari Mysore, adalah penguasa de facto dari Kesultanan Mysore di India dari tahun 1782 (di saat ayahnya wafat) sampai kematiannya pada tahun 1799. Ia adalah putra pertama dari Haidar Ali dengan istri ke-2nya, Fatima atau Fakhr-un-nissa. Tipu Sultan, disamping perannya sebagai seorang penguasa, juga merupakan ilmuwan, prajurit dan pujangga. Walaupun ia adalah seorang Muslim, ia terkenal sangat toleran terhadap rakyatnya yang sebagian besar memeluk Hindu. Ia memenuhi permintaan Prancis untuk membangun sebuah gereja pertama di Mysore. Tipu Sultan dan Hyder Ali tidak hanya dikenal memiliki aliansi dengan Prancis dalam usaha melawan Kolonialis Inggris, tetapi juga dengan Kekaisaran Maratha, Sira, Malabar, Coorg dan Bednur. Tipu Sultan terkenal menguasai banyak bahasa.Ia membantu ayahnya Haidar Ali mengalahkan Inggris di , dan akhirnya bernegosiasi dalam . Namun, ia dipukul mundur dalam dan dikarenakan aliansi kuat antara British East India Company, dan negeri kecil, Travancore. Tipu Sultan meninggal karena melindungi ibu kotanya , pada tanggal 4 Mei, 1799. Sir Walter Scott, dalam komentarnya tentang abdikasi Napoleon Bonaparte pada tahun 1814, menuliskan: "Although I never supposed that he Napoleon possessed, allowing for some difference of education, the liberality of conduct and political views which were sometimes exhibited by old Haidar Ally, yet I did think he Napoleon might have shown the same resolved and dogged spirit of resolution which induced Tippoo Saib to die manfully upon the breach of his capital city with his sabre clenched in his hand." (in) Tipû Sâhib, également connu sous le nom de Tipû Sultân, né le 20 novembre 1750 à Devanahalli et mort le 4 mai 1799 à Srirangapatna, fut sultan de Mysore à partir de 1782 et l'un des principaux opposants à l'installation du pouvoir britannique en Inde ce qui lui valut le surnom de « tigre de Mysore ». (fr) Tipu Sultan (born Sultan Fateh Ali Sahab Tipu, 1 December 1751 – 4 May 1799), also known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore based in South India. He was a pioneer of rocket artillery. He introduced a number of administrative innovations during his rule, including a new coinage system and calendar, and a new land revenue system, which initiated the growth of the Mysore silk industry. He expanded the iron-cased Mysorean rockets and commissioned the military manual Fathul Mujahidin. He deployed the rockets against advances of British forces and their allies during the Anglo-Mysore Wars, including the Battle of Pollilur and Siege of Srirangapatna. Tipu Sultan and his father used their French-trained army in alliance with the French in their struggle with the British, and in Mysore's struggles with other surrounding powers: against the Marathas, Sira, and rulers of Malabar, Kodagu, Bednore, Carnatic, and Travancore. Tipu's father, Hyder Ali, had risen to power and Tipu succeeded him as the ruler of Mysore upon his death from cancer in 1782. He won important victories against the British in the Second Anglo-Mysore War. He negotiated the 1784 Treaty of Mangalore with them, ending the Second Anglo-Mysore War. Tipu's conflicts with his neighbours included the Maratha–Mysore War, which ended with the signing of the Treaty of Gajendragad. The treaty required that Tipu Sultan pay 4.8 million rupees as a one-time war cost to the Marathas, and an annual tribute of 1.2 million rupees, in addition to returning all the territory captured by Hyder Ali. Tipu remained an implacable enemy of the British East India Company, sparking conflict with his attack on British-allied Travancore in 1789. In the Third Anglo-Mysore War, he was forced into the Treaty of Seringapatam, losing a number of previously conquered territories, including Malabar and Mangalore. He sent emissaries to foreign states, including the Ottoman Empire, Afghanistan, and France, in an attempt to rally opposition to the British. In the Fourth Anglo-Mysore War, a combined force of British East India Company troops, supported by the Marathas and the Nizam of Hyderabad defeated Tipu. He was killed on 4 May 1799 while defending his stronghold of Seringapatam. (en) Fateḥ ʿAlī Tīpū, conosciuto anche come Tigre del Mysore, Tippu Sultan o Tippoo Sahib, (Devanahalli, 20 novembre 1750 – Srirangapatna, 4 maggio 1799), è stato un sultano indiano, de facto Re del regno di Mysore dal 1782, quando morì il padre, sino al 1799.Riconosciuto come uno dei più grandi governatori Sud Asiatici di tutti i tempi, Tīpū Sulṭān fu il primo Indiano considerato come combattente per la libertà. Era il primo figlio di Hyder Ali e della sua seconda moglie, Fāṭima Fakhr al-nisāʾ. Fateḥ ʿAlī Tīpū, oltre ad essere un intellettuale, fu anche un soldato e un poeta, parlando fluentemente kannada, indostano, persiano, arabo, inglese e francese. Nonostante la maggior parte della popolazione fosse induista egli era un devoto musulmano e acconsentì, su richiesta francese, alla costruzione della prima chiesa cristiana a Mysore. In virtù dell'alleanza con Napoleone e i Francesi e dell'ostilità verso gli Inglesi, sia Fateḥ ʿAlī Tīpū sia il padre Hyder Ali non esitarono a utilizzare il loro esercito, addestrato dagli stessi Francesi, contro l'Impero Maratha, Malabar, Coorg, Sira e . Il suo regno conobbe una crescita sostenuta del reddito pro capite e della popolazione, un cambiamento strutturale nell'economia e un maggiore ritmo dell'innovazione tecnologica, e raggiunse il culmine del suo potere economico e militare e del suo dominio nella seconda metà del XVIII secolo, sotto il governo di Hyder Ali e di suo figlio Tīpū Sulṭān, superando il Mughal Bengal come potenza economica dominante dell'Asia meridionale. Durante questo periodo, il regno avviò guerre contro i Maratha, gli Inglesi e il Niẓām di Hyderābād, che culminarono nelle cosiddette Guerre anglo-mysore. L'Imperatore francese Napoleone Bonaparte desiderava stabilire una presenza francese a Mysore, rapporti con Tīpū Sulṭān e formare ulteriori . Durante l'infanzia di Tīpū, suo padre raggiunse una grande posizione di potere a Mysore e alla morte di quest'ultimo, nel 1782, Tīpū gli succedette a capo di un grande regno che andava dal fiume Krishna sino al mare d'Arabia e all'Oceano Indiano. Egli rimase sempre un implacabile nemico della Compagnia britannica delle Indie Orientali, rinnovando anche antichi conflitti mai sopiti col vicino regno di Travancore nel 1789. Durante la , Tīpū venne forzato ad accettare un trattato umiliante, perdendo gran parte dei territori precedentemente conquistati, tra cui il Malabar e Mangalore. Egli inviò ambascerie in Stati stranieri, tra cui l'Impero ottomano, Afghanistan e Francia, tentando di sollecitare nuove opposizioni al predominio britannico. Nella Quarta guerra anglo-mysore, le forze combinate dei Britannici e del Niẓām di Hyderābād sconfissero Tīpū che rimase ucciso il 4 maggio 1799 nel tentativo di difendere coi suoi uomini il forte di Seringapatam. (it) ティプー・スルターン（ウルドゥー語: ٹیپو سلطان, カンナダ語: ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್, テルグ語: టిప్పు సుల్తాన్, タミル語: திப்பு சுல்தான், マラヤーラム語: ടിപ്പു സുൽത്താൻ, 英語: Tipu Sultan, 1749年以降 1753年以前 - 1799年5月4日）は、南インドのマイソール王国の軍総司令官（ダラヴァーイー）、首席大臣（サルヴァーディカーリー）、君主（スルターン、在位：1786年あるいは1797年 - 1799年）。王国のイスラーム政権マイソール・スルターン朝の支配者（在位：1782年 - 1799年）。ナワーブ・ティプー・スルターン・バハードゥル（Nawab Tipu Sultan Bahadur）とも呼ばれる。 18世紀にイギリスがインドを侵略する中、ティプー・スルターンは南インドにおいて反英闘争にその一生を費やし、「マイソールの虎（Tiger of Mysore）」と畏怖された。その治世、1786年に自らパードシャーの称号を称し、1797年にはヒンドゥー王朝のオデヤ朝を廃するなど、イスラームの正統君主を意識した行動をとった。また、彼はイギリスに対抗するため、オスマン帝国やフランスといった諸外国とも連携を取るなど、世界に対しても非常に幅広い目を持った人物でもあった。 1799年、ティプー・スルターンは第四次マイソール戦争において、最後までイギリスに妥協することなく戦い、王都シュリーランガパトナの総攻撃により死亡した。死後、彼に廃されたヒンドゥーのオデヤ朝が復活し、クリシュナ・ラージャ3世がその後継となった。 (ja) Sułtan Tipu, znany też jako Tygrys Majsur (ur. 20 listopada 1750 w , zm. 4 maja 1799 w Srirangapatna) – pierwszy syn Haidera Alego z drugą żoną, Fatimą (Fakr un-nissa). Po śmierci ojca w 1782 rządził królestwem Majsuru, do końca życia. Tipu był wykształconym i religijnym człowiekiem oraz zdolnym żołnierzem. Uważany był też za dobrego poetę i znakomitego językoznawcę. Na prośbę Francuzów zbudował pierwszy kościół w Mysuru. Razem z ojcem pokonał wojska brytyjskie w drugiej oraz wynegocjował z nimi . Został jednak pokonany w trzeciej i w czwartej wojnie majsurskiej przez połączone siły Wielkiej Brytanii i sąsiadów Majsuru. Sułtan Tipu zginął podczas obrony swojej stolicy Srirangapatna 4 maja 1799. (pl) Fateh Ali Tipu, beter gekend als Tipoe Sultan of Tipu Sultan, , bijgenaamd de "tijger van Mysore", was van 1782 tot 1799 sultan van Mysore in het zuiden van India en een geduchte tegenstander van de Britten. Door hervorming van het bestuur en de handel en de invoering van nieuwe wapentechnologie wist hij zijn rijk lange tijd buiten de Britse koloniale invloed te houden. Hij werd daarbij gesteund door de Fransen, die na 1763 geen macht van betekenis meer in India vormden, maar wel de Britse imperialistische ambities probeerden te dwarsbomen. Mysore voerde vier maal oorlog tegen de Britten. Tipu Sultan kwam in 1799 om bij de verdediging van zijn hoofdstad Srirangapatnam in de laatste van deze oorlogen. (nl) Tippo Sahib, eller Tipu Sultan, född 10 december 1750 i Devanahalli, död (stupad) 4 maj 1799 i Seringapatam, var härskare över det indiska furstendömet Mysore 1782-1799. (sv) Fate Ali Tipu (Devanahalli, 10 de Novembro de 1750 — Seringapatão, 4 de Maio de 1799), em língua canaresa: ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್, em urdu: سلطان فتح علی خان ٹیپو , mais conhecido por Sultão Tipu, Tipu Saíbe ou Tigre de Maiçor, foi o soberano de facto do Reino de Maiçor, do qual o seu pai tinha assumido o controlo pela força contra os soberanos legítimos, os marajás de Maiçor, como eram conhecidos os governantes de uma dinastia hindu (Fate Ali e seu pai eram muçulmanos) que governou o território. Governou entre 1782, ano da morte de seu pai, e o seu falecimento em 1799. (pt) Типу Султан (канн. ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್, урду سلطان فتح علی خان ٹیپو; ноябрь 1750, Деванахалли — 4 мая 1799, Серингапатам) — мусульманский правитель (1782—1799) индийского государства Майсур со столицей в Серингапатаме (Шрирангапатнаме). В союзе с французами вёл англо-майсурские войны с Британской Ост-Индской компанией, стремясь вытеснить её из Индийского субконтинента и обеспечить свою гегемонию в Южной Индии. «Тигр Майсура» или «Лев Майсура», вдохновитель противостояния британским колонизаторам, позиционируется как национальный герой в Пакистане и в некоторых штатах Индии. (ru) 蒂普苏丹（乌尔都语：ٹیپو سلطان；波斯語：تیپو سلطان；印地語：टीपू सुल्तान；英語：Tipu Sultan，1750年11月20日－1799年5月4日），一译提普苏丹，本名Sultan Fateh Ali Sahab Tipu，南印度迈索尔王国暨苏丹海达尔·阿里之子。其父阿里去世后成为迈索尔首席大臣暨苏丹(1782年至1799年)。摩訶羅闍的王權被架空。蒂普因以诗作而闻名，为虔诚的穆斯林，对其他宗教很宽容，比如让法国人建起了迈索尔第一座教堂。在中，他协助父亲阿里打败了英国的入侵，并与英签订；但第三次和第四次英國邁索爾戰爭，與英國、特拉凡哥尔聯軍交戰以失敗告終，1799年5月4日，在斯赫里朗格阿帕特塔纳保衛戰中陣亡。 1799年，經過之後，邁索爾被英國征服成為其轄下土邦，王權回歸瓦迪亞王室，改由英國指派總督控制朝政。 (zh) Тіпу Султан (20 листопада 1750 — 4 травня 1799) — падишах Майсуру в 1782–1799 роках, визначний державний діяч, поет, національний герой Індії. (uk) |
| dbo:activeYearsEndYear | 1799-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:activeYearsStartYear | 1782-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:child | dbr:Ghulam_Muhammad_Sultan_Sahib dbr:Shezada_Hyder_Ali |
| dbo:parent | dbr:Hyder_Ali |
| dbo:predecessor | dbr:Hyder_Ali |
| dbo:successor | dbr:Krishnaraja_Wodeyar_III |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/TipuSultanPic.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:title | Badshah (en) Mir Fateh Ali Bahadur Tipu (en) Nasib-ud-Daulah (en) |
| dbo:wikiPageExternalLink | https://www.antiquestradegazette.com/print-edition/2019/february/2377/news/collection-of-tipu-sultan-treasure-including-gold-encrusted-sword-offered-at-anthony-cribb-sale/ http://cudl.lib.cam.ac.uk/view/MS-NN-00003-00075/ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=9mR2QXrVEJIC https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=RrA2AAAAMAAJ https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=hkbJ6xA1_jEC%7Ctitle=History https://books.google.com/books%3Fid=zp0FbTniNaYC&pg=PA72 https://www.ndtv.com/india-news/tipu-sultans-gun-sword-discovered-in-attic-in-uk-2004365 |
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| dbp:birthDate | 1751-12-01 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:birthPlace | Devanahalli, present-day Bangalore, Karnataka (en) |
| dbp:burialPlace | Srirangapatna, present-day Mandya, Karnataka (en) |
| dbp:coronation | 1782-12-29 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:deathDate | 1799-05-04 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:deathPlace | Srirangapatna, present-day Mandya, Karnataka (en) |
| dbp:father | dbr:Hyder_Ali |
| dbp:fullName | Badshah Nasib-ud-Daulah Sultan Mir Fateh Ali Bahadur Saheb Tipu (en) |
| dbp:heir | Shezade Sayyid Wal Shariff Muhiuddin Sahab (en) |
| dbp:hijriDateOfBirth | 20 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:issue | Shezada Hyder Ali, Ghulam Muhammad Sultan Sahib and many others (en) |
| dbp:mother | Fatima Fakhr-un-Nisa (en) |
| dbp:name | Tipu Sultan (en) |
| dbp:predecessor | dbr:Hyder_Ali |
| dbp:reign | 0001-12-10 (xsd:gMonthDay) |
| dbp:religion | dbr:Sunni_Islam |
| dbp:royalHouse | dbr:Mysore |
| dbp:spouse | Khadija Zaman Begum and 2 or 3 others (en) |
| dbp:succession | dbr:Kingdom_of_Mysore |
| dbp:successor | dbr:Krishnaraja_Wodeyar_III |
| dbp:title | Badshah (en) Mir Fateh Ali Bahadur Tipu (en) Nasib-ud-Daulah (en) |
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| gold:hypernym | dbr:Ruler |
| schema:sameAs | http://viaf.org/viaf/7368495 |
| georss:point | 12.41 76.71388888888889 |
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| rdfs:comment | Tipu Sultan, també conegut amb el nom de Tipu Sahib (1749-4 de maig de 1799) va ser sultà de Mysore a partir de 1782 i un dels principals opositors a la instal·lació del poder britànic a l'Índia, la qual cosa li va valer el sobrenom de Tigre de Mysore. (ca) Fateh Alí Tipú (20. listopadu 1750, Bengalúr, Karnátaka – 4. května 1799, Šrírangapattanam, Karnátaka), také známý pod jménem Tipu Sultan, Tipu Sahib, sultán Tipú nebo Tygr z Maisúru, byl vládcem Maisúrského království. Na trůn nastoupil coby nejstarší syn sultána Haidara Alího po otcově smrti, vládl od 22. prosince 1782 až do své smrti. Zavedl řadu inovací, mimo jiné byl průkopníkem válečné raketové techniky. Vedl expanzionistickou a nábožensky netolerantní politiku a bojoval hlavně proti Angličanům. Byl zabit v bitvě během čtvrté anglo-maisúrské války. (cs) Tipu Sultan (Tipu Sahib; * 19. November 1749 oder 10. Dezember 1750 in ; † 4. Mai 1799 in Shrirangapattana) herrschte über den Staat Mysore im Süden Indiens. Er war ein Sohn und seit 1782 Nachfolger Hyder Alis, der nach der erfolgreichen Verteidigung von Shrirangapattana, der Hauptstadt Mysores im Süden Indiens, vom General zum De-facto-Herrscher aufgestiegen war. In Indien ist er heute noch unter dem Namen „Tiger von Mysore“ sehr populär. (de) Sultan Fateh Ali Tipu, Tipu Saib (20 de noviembre de 1750, -4 de mayo de 1799, Srirangapattana). También es conocido como el Tigre de Mysore, porque se dice que el sultán Tipu fue de caza al bosque con un amigo francés, se topó cara a cara con un tigre. Su arma no funcionó, y su daga cayó en la tierra mientras que el tigre saltó sobre él. Él alcanzó la daga, la tomó, y mató al tigre con ella. Por ello tenía la imagen de un tigre en su bandera. (es) Rialtóir Ríocht Mysore ab ea Sabhdán Fateh Ali Sahab Tipu. Rugadh é i , Karnataka ar an 20 Samhain 1750 agus fuair bás ar an 4 Bealtaine 1799. (ga) Tipû Sâhib, également connu sous le nom de Tipû Sultân, né le 20 novembre 1750 à Devanahalli et mort le 4 mai 1799 à Srirangapatna, fut sultan de Mysore à partir de 1782 et l'un des principaux opposants à l'installation du pouvoir britannique en Inde ce qui lui valut le surnom de « tigre de Mysore ». (fr) Sułtan Tipu, znany też jako Tygrys Majsur (ur. 20 listopada 1750 w , zm. 4 maja 1799 w Srirangapatna) – pierwszy syn Haidera Alego z drugą żoną, Fatimą (Fakr un-nissa). Po śmierci ojca w 1782 rządził królestwem Majsuru, do końca życia. Tipu był wykształconym i religijnym człowiekiem oraz zdolnym żołnierzem. Uważany był też za dobrego poetę i znakomitego językoznawcę. Na prośbę Francuzów zbudował pierwszy kościół w Mysuru. Razem z ojcem pokonał wojska brytyjskie w drugiej oraz wynegocjował z nimi . Został jednak pokonany w trzeciej i w czwartej wojnie majsurskiej przez połączone siły Wielkiej Brytanii i sąsiadów Majsuru. Sułtan Tipu zginął podczas obrony swojej stolicy Srirangapatna 4 maja 1799. (pl) Fateh Ali Tipu, beter gekend als Tipoe Sultan of Tipu Sultan, , bijgenaamd de "tijger van Mysore", was van 1782 tot 1799 sultan van Mysore in het zuiden van India en een geduchte tegenstander van de Britten. Door hervorming van het bestuur en de handel en de invoering van nieuwe wapentechnologie wist hij zijn rijk lange tijd buiten de Britse koloniale invloed te houden. Hij werd daarbij gesteund door de Fransen, die na 1763 geen macht van betekenis meer in India vormden, maar wel de Britse imperialistische ambities probeerden te dwarsbomen. Mysore voerde vier maal oorlog tegen de Britten. Tipu Sultan kwam in 1799 om bij de verdediging van zijn hoofdstad Srirangapatnam in de laatste van deze oorlogen. (nl) Tippo Sahib, eller Tipu Sultan, född 10 december 1750 i Devanahalli, död (stupad) 4 maj 1799 i Seringapatam, var härskare över det indiska furstendömet Mysore 1782-1799. (sv) Fate Ali Tipu (Devanahalli, 10 de Novembro de 1750 — Seringapatão, 4 de Maio de 1799), em língua canaresa: ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್, em urdu: سلطان فتح علی خان ٹیپو , mais conhecido por Sultão Tipu, Tipu Saíbe ou Tigre de Maiçor, foi o soberano de facto do Reino de Maiçor, do qual o seu pai tinha assumido o controlo pela força contra os soberanos legítimos, os marajás de Maiçor, como eram conhecidos os governantes de uma dinastia hindu (Fate Ali e seu pai eram muçulmanos) que governou o território. Governou entre 1782, ano da morte de seu pai, e o seu falecimento em 1799. (pt) Типу Султан (канн. ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್, урду سلطان فتح علی خان ٹیپو; ноябрь 1750, Деванахалли — 4 мая 1799, Серингапатам) — мусульманский правитель (1782—1799) индийского государства Майсур со столицей в Серингапатаме (Шрирангапатнаме). В союзе с французами вёл англо-майсурские войны с Британской Ост-Индской компанией, стремясь вытеснить её из Индийского субконтинента и обеспечить свою гегемонию в Южной Индии. «Тигр Майсура» или «Лев Майсура», вдохновитель противостояния британским колонизаторам, позиционируется как национальный герой в Пакистане и в некоторых штатах Индии. (ru) 蒂普苏丹（乌尔都语：ٹیپو سلطان；波斯語：تیپو سلطان；印地語：टीपू सुल्तान；英語：Tipu Sultan，1750年11月20日－1799年5月4日），一译提普苏丹，本名Sultan Fateh Ali Sahab Tipu，南印度迈索尔王国暨苏丹海达尔·阿里之子。其父阿里去世后成为迈索尔首席大臣暨苏丹(1782年至1799年)。摩訶羅闍的王權被架空。蒂普因以诗作而闻名，为虔诚的穆斯林，对其他宗教很宽容，比如让法国人建起了迈索尔第一座教堂。在中，他协助父亲阿里打败了英国的入侵，并与英签订；但第三次和第四次英國邁索爾戰爭，與英國、特拉凡哥尔聯軍交戰以失敗告終，1799年5月4日，在斯赫里朗格阿帕特塔纳保衛戰中陣亡。 1799年，經過之後，邁索爾被英國征服成為其轄下土邦，王權回歸瓦迪亞王室，改由英國指派總督控制朝政。 (zh) Тіпу Султан (20 листопада 1750 — 4 травня 1799) — падишах Майсуру в 1782–1799 роках, визначний державний діяч, поет, національний герой Індії. (uk) السلطان تيبو (نوفمبر 1750م، ديفاناهالي (Devanahalli)؛– 4 من مايو 1799م، سيرنجاباتم (Seringapatam)، كان حاكم سلطنة ميسور الهندية وقد اشتهر أيضًا باسم نمر ميسور. وكان حيدر على والد تيبو في هذا الوقت ضابطًا في الجيش المايسوري، بينما والدته وهي فاطمة أو فخر النساء زوجة حيدر على الثانية. وقد اشتهر تيبو أيضا بالعديد من الألقاب التشريفية مثل سلطان فاتح على خان شهاب أو تيبو صاحب أو سلطان بهادر خان تيبو أو فاتح على تيبو سلطان بهادر. (ar) Tipu Sultan, konata ankaŭ kiel Tigro de Majsur (naskiĝis la 20-an de novembro 1750 en , Karnatako, mortis la 4-an de majo 1799 en , Karnatako), la unua filo de Haider Ali kun lia dua edzino Fatima (Fakr un-nissa), estis reganto de la Majsura reĝlando. Post morto de sia patro en 1782 li regis ĝis fino de sia vivo. (eo) Tipu Sahib —Tipu sultana, Fateh Ali Khan Shahab, Tipu Saheb, Bahadur Khan Tipu Sultan eta Fatih Ali Khan Tipu sultan adoretsua (sultan bahadur) izenez ere ezaguna— sultana eta Indiako hegoaldeko gudari ospetsuena izan zen XVIII. mendean. 1799an hil zuten, hiriaren setioan. (eu) Sultan Fateh Ali Tipu (bahasa Urdu: فتۃ الی تیپو) November, 1750, – 4 Mei, 1799, ), juga dikenal dengan julukan Harimau dari Mysore, adalah penguasa de facto dari Kesultanan Mysore di India dari tahun 1782 (di saat ayahnya wafat) sampai kematiannya pada tahun 1799. Ia adalah putra pertama dari Haidar Ali dengan istri ke-2nya, Fatima atau Fakhr-un-nissa. Sir Walter Scott, dalam komentarnya tentang abdikasi Napoleon Bonaparte pada tahun 1814, menuliskan: (in) Fateḥ ʿAlī Tīpū, conosciuto anche come Tigre del Mysore, Tippu Sultan o Tippoo Sahib, (Devanahalli, 20 novembre 1750 – Srirangapatna, 4 maggio 1799), è stato un sultano indiano, de facto Re del regno di Mysore dal 1782, quando morì il padre, sino al 1799.Riconosciuto come uno dei più grandi governatori Sud Asiatici di tutti i tempi, Tīpū Sulṭān fu il primo Indiano considerato come combattente per la libertà. Era il primo figlio di Hyder Ali e della sua seconda moglie, Fāṭima Fakhr al-nisāʾ. (it) Tipu Sultan (born Sultan Fateh Ali Sahab Tipu, 1 December 1751 – 4 May 1799), also known as the Tiger of Mysore, was the ruler of the Kingdom of Mysore based in South India. He was a pioneer of rocket artillery. He introduced a number of administrative innovations during his rule, including a new coinage system and calendar, and a new land revenue system, which initiated the growth of the Mysore silk industry. He expanded the iron-cased Mysorean rockets and commissioned the military manual Fathul Mujahidin. He deployed the rockets against advances of British forces and their allies during the Anglo-Mysore Wars, including the Battle of Pollilur and Siege of Srirangapatna. (en) ティプー・スルターン（ウルドゥー語: ٹیپو سلطان, カンナダ語: ಟಿಪ್ಪು ಸುಲ್ತಾನ್, テルグ語: టిప్పు సుల్తాన్, タミル語: திப்பு சுல்தான், マラヤーラム語: ടിപ്പു സുൽത്താൻ, 英語: Tipu Sultan, 1749年以降 1753年以前 - 1799年5月4日）は、南インドのマイソール王国の軍総司令官（ダラヴァーイー）、首席大臣（サルヴァーディカーリー）、君主（スルターン、在位：1786年あるいは1797年 - 1799年）。王国のイスラーム政権マイソール・スルターン朝の支配者（在位：1782年 - 1799年）。ナワーブ・ティプー・スルターン・バハードゥル（Nawab Tipu Sultan Bahadur）とも呼ばれる。 18世紀にイギリスがインドを侵略する中、ティプー・スルターンは南インドにおいて反英闘争にその一生を費やし、「マイソールの虎（Tiger of Mysore）」と畏怖された。その治世、1786年に自らパードシャーの称号を称し、1797年にはヒンドゥー王朝のオデヤ朝を廃するなど、イスラームの正統君主を意識した行動をとった。また、彼はイギリスに対抗するため、オスマン帝国やフランスといった諸外国とも連携を取るなど、世界に対しても非常に幅広い目を持った人物でもあった。 (ja) |
| rdfs:label | Tipu Sultan (en) السلطان تيبو (ar) Tipu Sultan (ca) Fateh Alí Tipú (cs) Tipu Sultan (de) Tipu Sultan (eo) Sultán Fateh Ali Tipu (es) Tipu Sahib (eu) Tipu Sabhdán (ga) Tippu Sultan (in) Tipû Sâhib (fr) Fateh Ali Tipu (it) ティプー・スルターン (ja) Tipu Sultan van Mysore (nl) Tipu Sultan (pl) Fate Ali Tipu (pt) Типу Султан (ru) Tippo Sahib (sv) 蒂普苏丹 (zh) Тіпу Султан (uk) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:Battles_involving_the_Maratha_Empire |
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| foaf:name | Tipu Sultan (en) |
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| is dbo:relation of | dbr:Fath_Muhammad |
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| is dbp:builder of | dbr:Manjarabad_Fort |
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