Nitrogen - Thermophysical Properties (original) (raw)
Nitrogen, N2, is at standard conditions a colorless odorless gas. The gas makes up the major portion of the atmosphere, but will not support life by itself. Refrigerated (cryogenic) nitrogen, is a colorless odorless liquid.
Gaseous nitrogen is used in food processing, in purging air conditioning and refrigeration systems, and in pressurizing aircraft tires. Liquid nitrogen is used to freeze foods, to preserve whole blood and other biologicals, and as a coolant.
Nitrogen is nontoxic and noncombustible, but it may cause asphyxiation by displacement of air. Liquid nitrogen is very cold and and contact may cause frostbite. Under prolonged exposure to fire or heat, nitrogen containers may rupture violently and rocket.
The phase diagram of nitrogen is shown below the table.
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of Nitrogen:
Values at 25 oC (77 oF, 298 K) and atmospheric pressure
Nitrogen - Thermophysical Properties
| Molecular Weight | 28.013 |
|---|---|
| Specific Gravity , air = 1 | 0.967 |
| Specific Volume ( ft3 /lb, m3 /kg ) | 13.98, 0.872 |
| Density of liquid at atmospheric pressure ( lb/ft3, kg/m3 ) | 50.46, 808.4 |
| Absolute Viscosity ( lbm /ft s, centipoises ) | 12.1 10-6, 0.018 |
| Sound velocity in gas ( m/s ) | 353 |
| Specific Heat - cp - ( Btu/lb oF or cal/g oC, J/kgK ) | 0.249, 1040 |
| Specific Heat Ratio - cp /cv | 1.40 |
| Gas constant - R - ( ft lb/lb o R, J/kg oC ) | 55.2, 297 |
| Thermal Conductivity ( Btu/hr ft oF, W/m oC ) | 0.015, 0.026 |
| Boiling Point - at saturation pressure 14.7 psia and 760 mm Hg - ( oF, oC ) | -320.4, -195.8 |
| Latent Heat of Evaporation at boiling point ( Btu/lb, J/kg ) | 85.5, 199000 |
| Freezing or Melting Point at 1 atm ( oF, oC ) | -346, -210 |
| Latent Heat of Fusion ( Btu/lb, J/kg ) | 11.1, 25800 |
| Critical Temperature ( oF, oC ) | -232.6, -147 |
| Critical Pressure ( psia, MN/m2 ) | 493, 3.40 |
| Critical Volume ( ft3 /lb, m3 /kg ) | 0.051, 0.00318 |
| Flammable | no |
Follow the links below to get values for the listed properties of nitrogen at varying pressure and temperature :
- Density and specific weight
- Dynamic and kinematic viscosity
- Prandtl number
- Specific heat (heat capacity)
- Thermal conductivity
- Thermal diffusivity
See also more about atmospheric pressure , and STP - Standard Temperature and Pressure & NTP - Normal Temperature and Pressure ,
as well as Thermophysical properties of: Acetone , Acetylene , Air , Ammonia , Argon , Benzene , Butane , Carbon dioxide , Carbon monoxide , Ethane , Ethanol , Ethylene , Helium , Hydrogen , Hydrogen sulfide , Methane , Methanol , Oxygen , Pentane , Propane , Toluene , Water and Heavy water, D2O .
Nitrogen is a gas at standard conditions. However, at low temperature and/or high pressures the gas becomes a liquid or a solid.
The nitrogen phase diagram shows the phase behavior with changes in temperature and pressure. The curve between the critical point and the triple point shows the nitrogen boiling point with changes in pressure. It also shows the saturation pressure with changes in temperature.
At the critical point there is no change of state when pressure is increased or if heat is added.
The triple point of a substance is the temperature and pressure at which the three phases (gas, liquid, and solid) of that substance coexist in thermodynamic equilibrium.
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of acetone, also called 2-propanone, dimethyl ketone and pyroacetic acid. Phase diagram included.
Dry air is a mechanical mixture of nitrogen, oxygen, argon and several other gases in minor amounts.
Online calculator, figures and tables showing density, specific weight and thermal expansion coefficients of air at temperatures ranging -100 to 1600 °C (-140 to 2900 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units.
Dry air is a mixture of gases where the average molecular weight (or molar mass) can be calculated by adding the weight of each component.
Online calculator, figures and table showing density and specific weight of benzene, C6H6, at temperatures ranging from 5 to 325 °C (42 to 620 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units.
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of benzene, also called benzol. Phase diagram included.
Carbon - Nitrogen ratios for biogas produced from various raw materials.
Cryogenic properties as density, boiling points and heat of evaporation for fluids like hydrogen, methane, oxygen, nitrogen, fluorine and helium.
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Ethane - C2H6.
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of ethylene, also called ethene, acetene and olefiant gas. Phase diagram included.
Absolute (dynamic) viscosities of some common gases.
Specific heat at constant volume, specific heat at constant pressure, specific heat ratio and individual gas constant - R - common gases as argon, air, ether, nitrogen and many more.
Latent heat of vaporization for fluids like alcohol, ether, nitrogen, water and more.
Enthalpy, internal energy and entropy of Nitrogen as an ideal gas.
Online calculator, figures and tables showing density and specific weight of nitrogen, N2, at temperatures ranging from -175 to 1325 °C (-280 to 2400 °F) at atmospheric and higher pressure - Imperial and SI Units.
Figures and tables showing Prandtl number of nitrogen at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units.
Figures and tables showing thermal diffusivity of nitrogen at varying temperarure and pressure, SI and Imperial units.
Specific heat of Nitrogen Gas - N2 - at temperatures ranging 175 - 6000 K
Emission of Nitrogen Oxides - NOx - with combustion of fuels like oil, coal, propane and more.
Chemical, Physical and Thermal Properties of Oxygen - O2.
Chemical, physical and thermal properties of pentane, also called n-pentane. Phase diagram included.
Solubility of Ammonia, Argon, Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Chlorine, Ethane, Ethylene, Helium, Hydrogen, Hydrogen Sulfide, Methane, Nitrogen, Oxygen and Sulfur Dioxide in water.