Abolitionism Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Criminology, Social Movements, Criminal Justice, Critical Criminology

Prostitution is a standard case of morality politics (MP), defined as a particular type of politics that engages issues closely related to religious and/or moral values, giving way to strong and uncompromising value conflicts in both societal and political spheres. This kind of issues have increasingly become a European policy matter due to their transnational nature and the tensions they create between different legal principles. Our hypothesis is that this leads to the emergence of a specific type of European morality politics (EMP) reflecting the particular constraints of the policy-making of the European Union (EU). The purpose of this article is to understand to which extent the rise of prostitution on the EU agenda alters usual patterns of MP to shape a distinctive type of EMP. Our findings suggest that prostitution characterizes EMP albeit with a significant difference, namely the challenge to regulatory inertia through the successful mobilisation of European values by some policy entrepreneurs to promote a neo-abolitionist approach.

- by François Foret and +1
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- European Studies, Values, European Union, European Parliament
- by Luciana Brito
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- Abolition of Slavery, African Diaspora, Abolitionism

In the Age of Jackson and the period before the U.S. Civil War, there were numerous social movements, including Transcendentalism and abolitionism, that addressed injustice and imagined a better future for the New Nation. In this course, we will read the works of Thoreau, Emerson, as well as texts on Andrew Jackson and the Antebellum Reform Movements, including abolitionism, temperance, utopian communities, and the women's rights movement since Seneca Falls.

Penal abolitionism is a radical style of thinking which acknowledges that there are many different ways of interpreting and understanding problematic behaviours, troubles and human conflicts and that when it comes to prison sentences it is often more about the person who breaks the law than the illegality that has been perpetrated. Penal abolitionists question the very assumptions of the criminal law and argue that rather than providing a solution, the criminal law is much more likely to create new social problems.

- by David Scott
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- Critical Prison Studies, Punishment and Prisons, Prisons, Abolitionism

After an introduction, are presented in English and Portuguese six letters
written by John Wesley, an Anglican priest and spiritus rector of the Methodist
movement, addressed to Samuel Hoare (18 August 1787), Thomas Clarkson
(London, in August 1787), Granville Sharp (London, 11 October 1787), Thomas
Funnell (24 November 1787), Henry Moore (Bristol, 14 March 1790) and John
Wilberforce (Balam, February 24, 1791). The five people belonged to the circles
of the Society for the abolition of slave trade, founded on May 22, 1787. Hoare, a
Quaker, Sharp and Clarkson, both Anglicans, were founding members, Funnell,
associate member soon after and Wilberforce and the leader of the parliamentary
committee that dealt with the subject.
Keywords: John Wesley; Samuel Hoare; Thomas Clarkson; Thomas Funnell;
Granville Sharp; Henry Moore; John Wilberforce

- by Helmut Renders
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- Abolition of Slavery, Wesleyan Theology, Abolitionism, John Wesley

Informed by decolonial feminism, this article explores a transformative justice approach to relationship violence and campus sexual assault in the aftermath of the Larry Nassar case at Michigan State University. The article considers how the emphasis on liability and Title IX compliance as the only response available for dealing with gender-based violence within university settings can function to silence survivors, particularly survivors of color and queer, gender nonbinary, and trans survivors, while also denying them precious access to resources for healing. In so doing, the author raises key questions that help illustrate the difference between current approaches that mimic a criminal justice system response, that fails to support a broad range of survivors, and a transformative justice approach that is attentive to the intergenerational impact of settler-colonial histories, ongoing state-sanctioned violence, and the coloniality and racialization of gender.

- by Xhercis Méndez
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- Gender Studies, Gender and Sexuality, Gender and the Law, Restorative Justice

Days after taking the White House, Donald Trump signed three executive orders—these authorized the Muslim Ban, the border wall, and ICE raids. These orders would define his administration’s approach toward noncitizens. An essential primer on how we got here, Bans, Walls, Raids, Sanctuary shows that such barriers to immigration are embedded in the very foundation of the United States. A. Naomi Paik reveals that the forty-fifth president’s xenophobic, racist, ableist, patriarchal ascendancy is no aberration, but the consequence of two centuries of U.S. political, economic, and social culture. She deftly demonstrates that attacks against migrants are tightly bound to assaults against women, people of color, workers, ill and disabled people, and queer and gender nonconforming people. Against this history of barriers and assaults, Bans, Walls, Raids, Sanctuary mounts a rallying cry for a broad-based, abolitionist sanctuary movement for all.

- by A. Naomi Paik
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- Social Movements, Race and Racism, Immigration, Migration

Educators of color can often (in)advertently perpetuate gendered
oppression against each other to cope with racism and its associated
stressors. This occurs in part due to the violence we have endured
as (a) minoritized people in a society where our oppression is
endemic, (b) scholars of color navigating exclusionary institutions
and education spaces, and (c) educators who experience vicarious
and complex trauma from pain imposed onto the young people
with whom we work, seldom resulting in opportunities to address
gender dynamics that uphold power imbalances among men,
women, and gender-nonconforming people of color. In this conceptual paper we offer an intersectional framework of a “praxis of critical
race love” to highlight cisgendered, heteropatriarchal toxic masculinity often reified in education contexts, and use narratives to demonstrate how we apply a healing-centered praxis within our service,
teaching, and research to challenge such harm. Ultimately, we share
tangible, community-engaged examples demonstrating how educators can co-create counterspaces that elevate women and gender-minoritized people in the firestorm of white supremacy.

- by Farima Pour-Khorshid, Ph.D. and +2
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- Education, Community Organizing, Critical Race Theory, Social Activism
- by John Arthos
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- Rhetoric, Hermeneutics, Wilhelm Dilthey, Slavery

In a world likely to remain hostage to thousands of nuclear warheads over the long term, in which
ancient realism---or as some wrongly refer to it as Cold-War thinking---appears to be an unbreakable
psychological barrier even for those who thoroughly understand the nuclear “threat of pain and
extinction" (Schelling), meeting Article VI (disarmament) of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty
(NPT) is quite a challenge. Current concerns relative to proliferation tendencies among non-compliant
regimes as well as the potential implications of the still uncertain nuclear renaissance---which, if realized,
would disseminate sensitive (dual-use) nuclear technology among numerous untrustworthy actors---further the disarmament challenge. As a result, all the states parties to the NPT, not to mention those
beyond the nonproliferation regime, have failed to make sufficient efforts within their different nuclear
roles and responsibilities towards meeting the NPT disarmament clause, with many of them exhausting
themselves in a cacophonic debate on who is required to do what under NPT Articles III (nonproliferation safeguards), IV (peaceful use of the atom) and VI.

Imagine this: a hunchbacked dwarf living in early Enlightenment-era England, variously a farmhand, shepherd and glovemaker, but also a devoted autodidact gifted with great intelligence who despite his station in life becomes not only literate but highly-educated. Passionate and outspoken, he often dominates local meetings of the Society of Friends, flirting with antinomianism and distinguising himself as a Quaker radical, often an outcast, publicly rebuking authority and earning the antipathy of the established order. He then becomes a sailor and, later settling as a merchant in Barbados, is so appalled by the human chattel slavery he encounters there that he adopts a fierce lifelong antislavery stance that admits no toleration for anything short of abolition. Next, he makes his way to Philadelphia, where his troublesome nature again emerges, underscored by his unrelenting brand of antislavery agitation that alienates fellow Quakers, many of whom are slaveowners, most famously when he punctuates an annual Friends meeting by delivering a bellicose jeremiad against slavery and then plunging a sword into a Bible packed with a bladder of red pokeberry juice—a simulation of blood—that splatters those in attendance nearby! He writes a number of pamphlets denouncing slavery, as well as a rambling but impassioned book that is published by no less a figure than Benjamin Franklin. Ever self-righteous, obnoxious, curmudgeonly, he is also a wealthy eccentric who eschews materialism, and is well-known to his community as a philanthropist, a strict vegetarian, and a man utterly intolerant of slavery. He marries, but after his wife's death becomes even more zealous in his adherence to his radical faith, in his pursuit of justice, and in his crusade for abolition, as well as in campaigns against animal cruelty, capital punishment, the prison system, and the hypocrisy of the affluent elite. He closes out his life devoted to absolute self-sustenance, keeping goats, nurturing fruit trees, and growing flax that he spins into his own clothing, making his home in solitude in a cave with his collection of over two hundred books.

- by Stan Prager
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- Quakerism, Abolitionism, Benjamin Lay
- by David Scott
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- Critical Prison Studies, Punishment and Prisons, Prisons, Abolitionism
- by Christopher Wright
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- American History, American Studies, U.S. history, Authenticity

The early 19 th-century poet Samuel Taylor Coleridge called his friend Thomas Clarkson the "moral steam-engine" of British abolitionism. Clarkson had played a key role in the campaign to abolish the slave trade, which had started in 1787 and ended with the Abolition Act of 1807, and continued to be actively involved in the ongoing antislavery movement of the 1820s and 30s. He was also the author of the first ever history of British abolition. To Coleridge and his contemporaries, living in the heyday of the Industrial Revolution, Clarkson did indeed take the traits of a metaphorical steam-engine. But such individualized interpretations of British abolitionism and of social movements in general, popular though they still remained, hide a much more important history of association, mobilization, and cooperation.

- by Catherine Tourangeau
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- Abolition of Slavery, Voluntary Associations, British Empire, Abolitionism
- by David Moffette
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- Border Studies, Policing Studies, Borders and Frontiers, Police and Policing
- by Meg Eppel Gudgeirsson
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- Race and Racism, Children and Youth, Abolitionism, Kentucky History

Between 1826 and 1843 the medical practitioners of Jamaica engaged in a long and fraught campaign to create a College of Physicians and Surgeons. This campaign linked the island with the global processes of medical and political reform, especially in Britain, and numerous studies have revealed the political barriers that faced efforts to reshape medical practices in this period. Yet the metropole was also in a continuous dialogue with its colonial periphery. Existing work has looked at what this dialogue meant for the circulation of medical theories and practices, but equally important was the transmission of medical institutions, which provided structures for their development and application. The campaign in Jamaica offers an important case study of the complex process by which medical institutions spread in this period and reveals both the imperial aspects of medical and social reform in Jamaica and the colonial aspects of medical reform in Britain.

Review of my translation of Alejandro Tapia y Rivera's masterpiece.

Cet ouvrage, centré sur la question interdisciplinaire de la rencontre entre les animaux humains et non humains, cherche à créer des passerelles entre les différents courants des études animales. Des chercheurs issus des sciences de l'homme et des sciences de la nature questionnent les grandes étapes historiques, politiques et philosophiques qui ont marqué les relations que nous entretenons avec les animaux non humains depuis le Moyen Âge. Ce volume s'attache à mettre au jour les moments de rupture ainsi que le rôle de certains précurseurs de la révolution animale. Il interroge également la notion d'anthropomorphisme et se termine par une ouverture sur le domaine artistique.

- by Choné Aurélie
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- Anthropology, Human-Animal Relations, Aristotle, Animal Studies

This paper seeks, from the philosophy and modern science, showing how scientific research are conducted in the United States. In order to address this issue goes to understand the legal and moral status of animals in society. Animals are seen as a property in every country on Earth, available for any use that humans deem appropriate. To understand the current situation, the author proposes a look through the history.

Conhecido quase que unicamente pelo romance O Ateneu (1888), o escritor Raul Pompeia (1863–1895) escreveu também prosa poética, contos, crônicas; e além de desenhista, teve ainda uma atribulada carreira de polemista na imprensa. O artigo analisa primeiramente as raízes da militância abolicionista de Raul Pompeia, inspirada pela figura de Luiz Gama, que ele considerava o seu modelo de integridade e honra. A seguir, discute-se como sua extrema preocupação com a “opinião internacional” e a “honra nacional” levaram Pompeia a adotar posições aparentemente contrárias a suas convicções sobre a participação popular na sociedade e na política nacional. Finalmente, contrasta-se o seu nacionalismo com o cosmopolitismo de Joaquim Nabuco para se relevar o interesse e as limitações dos projetos intelectuais de ambos, assim como de seus modelos de intervenção política.

In this article we take stock of a recent moment in penal history in Victoria, Australia, where agencies have implemented gender responsive policies to address the disproportionate growth in women’s prison numbers, and in particular the overrepresentation of women constructed as ‘culturally diverse’. We draw upon abolitionist and intersectional frames to provide a theoretical critique of this political event. Our analysis extends beyond the unitary frame of gender, which has until recently dominated critiques in this area, to highlight the ways in which racializing logics are reproduced through such policies and practices. We explore the implications of the adoption of the criminological notion of pathways through the language of liberal feminist reform, which signifies a reinvestment in the myth of individual rehabilitation. The consequences of these discursive practices include the reproduction of pathologizing and risk-focused practices that can only yield more racializing, interventionist and expansionist responses within correctional spaces.

- by Emma K Russell and +1
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- Race And Abolition, Critical Prison Studies, Abolitionism, Prison Abolition

U.S. education is built upon a system of Whiteness, entrenched in White supremacy culture, and defended by White fragility. Within this framework, even a publicly-recognizable event intended to center Blackness, the celebration of Black History Month, reinscribes White supremacy. Through the decontextualized presentation of select Black heroes and the use of pedagogies that position White teachers as authority figures who regulate the presence of Blackness, and without drawing attention to the White supremacist cultural norms that are the foundation for U.S. society, students can walk away from Black History Month with a reinforced belief in White supremacy. In order to disrupt White supremacy, White teachers must be grounded in the principles of critical race theory. White teachers must take a knee against normative Whiteness and develop as ‘abolitionist teachers’. Those teachers who choose to persist with pedagogical approaches that devalue Blackness and support White supremacy cannot claim good intentions; choosing to center and celebrate Blackness is the path to racial justice.

- by Brandelyn Tosolt
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- Teaching and Learning, Pedagogy, White Supremacy, Abolitionism

The neo-republican conception of freedom as non-domination has emerged as a powerful framework for conceptualizing the dynamic relationship between power, democracy, and constitutionalism in modernity. Despite this, I argue that adaptations of republican freedom to the problem of slavery displace attention to race and foreclose more productive ways of addressing how racial slavery constitutes a distinct form of oppression. To illuminate the limitations of neo-republicanism, I turn to the political thought of abolitionists David Walker and Ottobah Cugoano. Both utilize comparative histories of race and slavery to reveal the specificity of modern slavery as a form of oppression, which cannot be captured as an issue of domination in the technical sense of the term. They thus pose challenges to neo-republican theory for its failure to fully appreciate the historical differences between ancient and modern slavery. To do so would illuminate how neo-republican theory faces severe limitations in providing an adequate conceptualization of oppression in the case of racial slavery.

- by Adam Dahl
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- Political Theory, Republicanism, Critical Race Theory, History of Slavery
- by Gustavo Noronha de Ávila
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- Criminology, Critical Criminology, Direito, Criminologia

In this article we consider the relationship between the European Group for the Study of Deviance and Social Control [European Group] and the promotion of non-penal real utopias. The article begins by considering the historical connections between the New Left, utopian ideas, abolitionism and critical criminology, highlighting the role played by the European Group in the development of utopian thought. It then considers the utopian imagination in critical criminology, paying particular attention to Penal Abolitionism and Zemiology as utopia. It briefly analyses the crisis of utopia undergone by critical criminology in the 1980s before moving on to discuss the recent awakening of the utopian criminological imagination and discussing the normative framework on which it should be based. Finally, it outlines the aims and scope of Justice, Power and Resistance showing how it might contribute to the development of emancipatory politics and praxis.

- by Emma Bell and +1
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- Critical Criminology, Zemiology, Abolitionism, Social Harm

El trabajo analiza las discusiones y sus consecuencias legales y sanitarias acerca de la abolición del sistema reglamentarista del negocio prostibulario en la Argentina. La hipótesis que lo sustenta es que si bien hacia los años treinta se cimienta un consenso acerca de la amenaza para el acervo racial que constituye la prostitución, en tanto principal propagadora de las enfermedades venéreas, su consideración como mal necesario dificulta un acuerdo acerca de la instauración del sistema abolicionista. Esta tensión entre criterios sanitarios y morales da lugar, durante algunos años de la década peronista, a la puesta en práctica de un sistema neoreglamentarista que, de todos modos, será reemplazado nuevamente por otro abolicionista luego de 1955.

- by Carolina Biernat
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- Latin American Studies, Gender Studies, History of Medicine, Welfare State
- by Thomas Ward
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- Latin American Studies, Anti-slavery, Cuban literature, Abolitionism

This tells the story of prison abolition in New Zealand (Aotearoa) and considers whether the country is emerging from a dark punitive era. First by setting the scene in regard to penal populism and its influence on high numbers of incarcerated people, especially those of Maori and Pacific decent. Then moving on to provide a historical overview of abolitionist perspectives that have influenced todays activists. This will include extensive consideration of Moana Jacksons work as well as that of People Against Prison Aotearoa (PAPA) and JustSpeak. Finally, consideration is given to the possibility of abolitionists’ goals flourishing in the recent move towards reform in Aotearoa.

- by John Buttle
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- Criminology, Criminal Justice, Race and Racism, Critical Criminology

Facing the continuing scandal of prisons, of violence, intolerability, uselessness and social harmfulness of the prison sentence, this book proposes arguments and a set of guidelines leading to the abolition of the prison in the Italian... more

- by V. Calderone and +1
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- Criminology, Criminal Law, Criminal Justice, Critical Criminology
- by Miguel N . Abad
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- Black Studies Or African American Studies, Abolitionism

This chapter investigates the historical and sociological aspects of childhood, child delinquency, and the social reaction and State response towards children in conflict with the law (CCL) in India. Beginning from the ancient period to the present times, I trace how various social systems have shaped childhood. I analyse how different social, economic, political, and legal factors have contributed to the shifting age boundaries of children so as to criminalise their behaviours. The chapter also explores the conventional institutions of child social control by reflecting on roles played by family, community and locality. I examine integrative mechanisms, specific to the Indian socio-economic context that dealt with children’s behaviours in non-penal ways. I juxtapose this history with neoliberal child carceralism post-mid-1980s that produced delinquent ‘adult-children’, and penal populism and ‘carceral’ feminism after the Nirbhaya gangrape and homicide. I present an abolitionist critique of the ‘adultification’ of children and of deployment of punitive measures by the State to deal with CCL by the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act 2015, to first ‘reproduce,’ and then ‘reform,’ what I call the delinquent ‘adult-children’.

To speak the ‘language of state violence’ is for penal abolitionists to insist that irrespective of the conditions, architecture, or general resources available, the prison will always be a place that systematically generates suffering, harm and death. Understanding prisons as a modus operandi of state violence may help abolitionists gain political momentum, for it leads to focus on both ‘institutional’ and ‘structural’ violence. Ultimately Speaking the language of state violence provides a name for penal abolitionists to mobilise around and makes connections between the prison and social inequities.

a period of major social upheavals in American society; the major issue was the slavery. This period also witnessed the birth and organization of the Sabbatarian Adventism, a pre-millennial Christian movement distinguished by an emphasis on the Seventh-day Sabbath and a special understanding of Bible prophecies. Most Adventist pioneers vehemently opposed slavery, although not always on the same ground as their Christian counterparts. Aided by their peculiar understanding of Bible prophecy, the early Adventists identified America with apocalyptical end-time power, slavery being the key attribute of the “beast that looks like a lamb but speaks like a dragon ” from Revelation 13:11. This article investigates the development of Adventist connection between slavery, America and Bible prophecy.

- by TREVOR O REGGIO and +1
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- Slavery, Reform, Abolitionism, Prophecy

A longer version of this interview subsequently appeared as the fourth and final interview of Angela Davis, “Resistance, Language, and Law,” in Angela Y. Davis, Abolition Democracy: Beyond Prisons, Torture, Empire (New York: Seven Stories... more

- by Chad Kautzer and +2
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- Critical Theory, Political Philosophy, Feminist Theory, Resistance (Social)

An overview of the work of the critical criminologist Stanley Cohen

- by David Scott
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- Critical Criminology, Social Control, Abolitionism, Moral Panics
- by Brian E. Vick
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- European History, Diplomatic History, Panoramas, Nineteenth-Century Panoramas
- by Charmaine Chua
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- Abolitionism
- by Meghan McDowell and +1
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- Race and Racism, Critical Prison Studies, Policing, Abolitionism
- by David Scott
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- Critical Criminology, Abolitionism

El impulso reciente que ha cobrado el movimiento
abolicionista en otros países, tal vez como consecuencia de la
violencia estatal y la debacle que ha producido la pandemia
en las prisiones, constituye una buena excusa para repensar las
perspectivas del movimiento en Argentina. Aunque la influencia
del abolicionismo penal ha sido importante localmente en el plano
de las discusiones teóricas, y si bien ha colaborado indirectamente
a impulsar reformas procesales significativas, no puede decirse
que haya sido determinante en la práctica legal y política, o
en el desarrollo de transformaciones sociales o institucionales
de largo alcance que hayan modificado el funcionamiento de
nuestros sistemas penales. En este trabajo, mostraremos cuál es
la situación del abolicionismo en Argentina y trataremos de
señalar las adaptaciones que éste podría realizar para hacer frente
a la coyuntura local con el objetivo de avanzar una agenda
abolicionista. Utilizando herramientas de las teorías críticas
del derecho y siguiendo los ejemplos recientes del movimiento
de derechos humanos y del movimiento feminista locales,
argumentaremos que el abolicionismo podría desarrollar un uso
táctico de la justicia penal y adoptar formas de comunicación que
produzcan contra-narrativas sobre el delito y la criminalización.

- by Alexis Alvarez-Nakagawa
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- Critical Legal Theory, Feminismo, Derechos Humanos, Abolitionism