Automobiles Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

This paper investigates potential gender and age differences in conviction and crash occurrence subsequent to being directed to attend Iowa's Driver... more

This paper investigates potential gender and age differences in conviction and crash occurrence subsequent to being directed to attend Iowa's Driver Improvement Program (DIP). Binary logit models were developed to investigate the factors that influence conviction occurrence after DIP by gender and age. Because of the low crash occurrence subsequent to DIP, association rules were applied to investigate the factors that influence crash occurrence subsequent to DIP, in lieu of econometric models. There were statistical significant differences by driver gender, age, and conviction history in the likelihood of subsequent convictions. However, this paper found no association between DIP outcome, crash history, and crash occurrence. Evaluating the differences in conviction and crash occurrence subsequent to DIP between female and male drivers, and among different age groups can lead to improvements of the effectiveness of DIPs and help to identify low-cost intervention measures, customized based on drivers' gender and age, for improving driving behaviors.

A large number of independent and interacting factors affect seating comfort such as seat shape, stability, lumbar support and seat height. Although many subjective comfort studies have been conducted, few of them considered seating... more

A large number of independent and interacting factors affect seating comfort such as seat shape, stability, lumbar support and seat height. Although many subjective comfort studies have been conducted, few of them considered seating comfort from its subassembly level. This paper analyzed the automotive seat cushion designed with geared four-bar linkage for the seat height adjustment. The operation torque and lift distance of this mechanism was investigated as 2 major comfort factors. Ten cushions with this kind of design in the market were compared and assessed.

ABSTRACT: Background. Crossing the street is a complex task that involves gathering, processing, and acting on information that is time dependent. The gaze behavior of subjects has been previously studied on increasingly complex and... more

ABSTRACT: Background. Crossing the street is a complex task that involves gathering, processing, and acting on information that is time dependent. The gaze behavior of subjects has been previously studied on increasingly complex and dynamic tasks such as making tea, walking indoors, and driving. The purpose of this study was to assess how normally sighted people use their vision to

The brake system is an important part of an automobile. It plays a vital role in helping the driver to reduce the speed of an automobile or to stop the automobile. Initially, when automobiles were first introduced, they were equipped with... more

The brake system is an important part of an automobile. It plays a vital role in helping the driver to reduce the speed of an automobile or to stop the automobile. Initially, when automobiles were first introduced, they were equipped with drum brakes. These drum brakes were cheap, easy to install and atmospheric agents cannot hinder their performance. Despite these advantages, the major disadvantage of the drum brake system is the poor heat dissipation. To tackle this problem, the automotive engineers came up with the disc brake system. The brake rotor is one of the most critical components of the disc brake system. The brake rotor is made up of a pure metal or a metal with certain reinforcements. These brake rotors are circular with perforations made in a particular manner to enable faster dissipation. These perforations help to reduce the weight of the disc brake rotor. The disc brake rotor is fixed to the wheel hub with brake calipers. In this review article, I will be critically analyzing various research articles on the thermal and mechanical properties of various brake rotor materials used in automobiles.

Geographical profiling is an investigative methodology sometimes employed by the police to predict the residence of an unknown offender from the locations of his/her crimes. The validity of geographical profiling, however, has not been... more

Geographical profiling is an investigative methodology sometimes employed by the police to predict the residence of an unknown offender from the locations of his/her crimes. The validity of geographical profiling, however, has not been fully explored for certain crime types. This study, therefore, presents a preliminary test of the potential for geographical profiling with a sample of 145 serial vehicle thieves from the U.K. The behavioural assumptions underlying geographical profiling (distance decay and domocentricity) are tested and a simple practical test of profiling using the spatial mean is presented. There is evidence for distance decay but not domocentricity among the spatial behaviour of car thieves from the U.K. A degree of success was achieved when applying the spatial mean on a case-by-case basis. The level of success varied, however, and neither series length in days nor number of crimes could account for the variation. The findings question previously held assumptions regarding geographical profiling and have potential theoretical and practical implications for the study and investigation of vehicle theft in the U.K. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

This is a PDF/Scribd version of the PowerPoint material for a SAWE seminar given initially at the 2017 SAWE Regional Conference (Irving, Tx), and then again at the 2019 SAWE International Conference (Norfolk, Va). The course objective was... more

This is a PDF/Scribd version of the PowerPoint material for a SAWE seminar given initially at the 2017 SAWE Regional Conference (Irving, Tx), and then again at the 2019 SAWE International Conference (Norfolk, Va). The course objective was to enable the student to make reasonably accurate maximum lateral acceleration, rollover lateral acceleration, directional stability, and steering responsiveness determinations in the course of vehicle design. The student was also to become acquainted with such things as the calculation of roll resistance, suspension roll center location, sprung mass roll axis inclination, sprung mass roll inertia, sprung mass roll moment arm, sprung mass roll angle under lateral acceleration, vehicle roll gain, vehicle dynamic index in yaw, transient center of rotation location, and transient yaw inertia. There was also considerable time spent on the behavior of tires under lateral load and “Ackermann Steering Geometry” relationships.
This seminar is very important for anyone engaged in vehicle design, in particular those designing with an emphasis on performance, and special effort has been expended to make it particularly relevant for those involved in the SAE Student Formula Design Competition. However, no one completing this course will walk away without having acquired some degree of enlightenment.

Mobility Without Mayhem: Cars, Safety and Citizenship provides a cultural history spanning the 1950s to the present of how automotive conduct was reorganized by safety concerns having to do with women drivers, motorcyclists, hitchhikers,... more

Mobility Without Mayhem: Cars, Safety and Citizenship provides a cultural history spanning the 1950s to the present of how automotive conduct was reorganized by safety concerns having to do with women drivers, motorcyclists, hitchhikers, African American drivers (DWB), truckers, road ragers, and most recently car bombers. These mass-mediated safety crises, it is argued, have provided justification for surveillance and control technologies and tactics that are reorienting people's mobility and their understanding of fear. 2009 Book of the Year for the Critical and Cultural Studies Division of the National Communication Association.