Examples Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Reduction of water activity aw can extend the shelf life and improve the quality of foods. After the optimal water activity has been selected, based on Karel’s aw-spoilage graphs, a simple decision scheme in this document helps to choose the best equation (“Law”) to calculate or adjust the water activity: for an aqueous one component solution: Raoult’s and Norrish’ laws; spreadsheet “aw-Raoult-Norrish.xls”; or in case of an aqueous multi-component solution: Norrish’ and Ross’ laws; spreadsheet “Norrish-Ross.xls: aw calculations of a multi-component solution”. Both Excel spreadsheets, present in this document, simplify the tedious exponential aw calculations.
The water activity of a mixture of 2 to 5 solids can be predicted either by constructing the solids mixture sorption isotherm, or by using the Salwin equation. When applying the 3rd spreadsheet in this document, “Calculation Water Activity aw Solids Mixture.xls”, the 2 to 5 separate solids isotherms are converted into one new solids mixture sorption isotherm. Because the total water content of the solids mixture is known, the water activity of the solids mixture can be found from that new mixture isotherm. The calculations by the “aw Solid Mixture” spreadsheet are compared with aw findings from Salwin’s equation. Both aw values are in good agreement.
Several worked examples, for each of the 3 spreadsheets present, illustrate step-by-step the aw calculation of solutions and of solid mixtures.
Annex 1 lists the lowest water activity for growth and/or toxin production of many micro-
organisms in foods. Annex 2 shows the minimal aw for activity of the main food spoiling enzymes.

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- Chemical Engineering, Food Science, Food Safety, Preservation
- by Abdurrahman Rafha
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- Examples, Delphi

Apprenticeship Business Administration - Unit 75 – Understand the customer service environment:
Explain the value of customer service as a competitive tool
Explain the process of mapping the customer journey and its importance in delivering effective customer service
Describe techniques used to identify service failures
Explain the concept and importance of the service profit chain
Describe methods of measuring organisational effectiveness in the delivery of customer service
Explain the importance of a brand to customers and to an organisation
Explain how branding can influence customers' perception of an organisation and its products and/or services
Explain the potential impact of good and poor customer service on a brand
Explain the features of different customer service models and customer service standards
Explain the relationship between customer service and operational areas of an organisation
Explain the relationship between customer service and continuous improvement processes
Explain the costs and benefits of customer service to an organisation
Explain the impact of organisational values on how customers create their expectations
Explain how organisational values impact on meeting customer expectations
Explain the implications of consumer-related legislation on customer service delivery
Explain the implications of confidentiality and data protection legislation for the collection, storage and use of customer information

Apprenticeship Business Administration - Unit 10 - Create Bespoke Business Documents:
Understand how to create bespoke business documents :
Explain the use of bespoke business documents
Describe the factors to be taken into account in selecting the appropriate method of presenting a business document
Describe the use of technology to create bespoke business documents
Explain the purpose and requirements of corporate identity in bespoke business documents
Analyse different design techniques used to create attractive bespoke business documents
Explain the factors to be taken into account in evaluating the impact of bespoke business documents

- by Alisha Rogerson
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- Business, Business Administration, Documentation, Examples

Apprenticeship Business Administration - Unit 1 – Communicate in a business environment:
Analyse the communication needs of internal and external stakeholders
Analyse the different communication models that support administration
Evaluate the effectiveness of different communication systems
Explain the factors that affect the choice of communication media
Explain the importance of using correct grammar, sentence structure, punctuation, spelling and conventions in business communications
Explain the factors to be taken into account in planning and structuring different communication media
Explain ways of overcoming barriers to communication
Explain the use of communications theories and body language
Explain proof-reading techniques for business communications

- by Alisha Rogerson
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- Business Administration, Communication, Stakeholders, Communication Theory

Apprenticeship Business Administration - Unit 24 – Store and Retrieve Information:
Understand information storage and retrieval :
Describe systems and procedures for storing and retrieving information
Outline legal and organisational requirements for information security and retention
Explain how to create filing systems to facilitate information identification and retrieval
Explain how to use different search techniques to locate and retrieve information
Describe what to do when problems arise when storing or retrieving information

- by Alisha Rogerson
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- Business Administration, Procedures, Company Law, Examples

Apprenticeship Business Administration - Unit 5 – Principles of Business:
Explain the characteristics of different business markets
Explain the nature of interactions between businesses within a market
Explain how an organisation's goals may be shaped by the market in which it operates
Describe the legal obligations of a business
Define business innovation
Explain the uses of models of business innovation
Identify sources of support and guidance for business innovation
Explain the process of product or service development
Explain the benefits, risks and implications associated with innovation
Explain the importance of financial viability for an organisation
Explain the consequences of poor financial management
Explain different financial terminology
Explain the uses of a budget
Explain how to manage a budget
Explain the principles of marketing
Explain a sales process
Explain the features and uses of market research
Explain the value of a brand to an organisation
Explain the relationship between sales and marketing

- by Alisha Rogerson
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- Business, Marketing, Business Administration, Finance

Apprenticeship Business Administration - Unit 9 - Deliver a presentation
Analyse the advantages and limitations of different methods of, and media for, making presentations
Explain how the type and size of the audience affects the delivery of a presentation
Explain the factors to be taken into account in developing contingency plans when delivering presentations
Explain voice projection and timing techniques when delivering presentations
Explain the factors to be taken into account in responding to questions from an audience
Explain different methods for evaluating the effectiveness of a presentation

- by Alisha Rogerson
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- Business Administration, Effectiveness, Audience, Examples
- by bouhrine fatiha
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- Examples, Delphi

Apprenticeship Business Administration - Unit 63 - Using Email: Explain methods to improve message transmission Explain why and how to stay safe and respect others when using email Explain why, how and when to archive messages Explain how... more

Apprenticeship Business Administration - Unit 63 - Using Email:
Explain methods to improve message transmission
Explain why and how to stay safe and respect others when using email
Explain why, how and when to archive messages
Explain how to minimise e-mail problems

- by Alisha Rogerson
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- Business Administration, Examples, Archiving, Questions and Answers
- by Robert Piercey
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- Kant, Metaphilosophy, Philosophy of Literature, Hegel
- by lAbabei Paul
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- Computer Science, Computer Engineering, Examples, BASIC

Rusya egemenliğindeki Türk halklarının lehçelerinin; Sovyetler Birliği içinde gramer ve sözlük standartları belirlenmiş öğretim dilleri hâline gelmesinden sonra sözlük bilimi çalışmalarının da arttığı gözlenmektedir: Stalin respressiyalarında ortadan kaldırılan dilbilimci Cemal Velidi’nin (1887-1932) Tatarcanın mufassal sözlüğü olan Tatar tělěněñ tulı süzlěgě (1927-1929) ile Tatar sözlük bilimine Kayyum Nâsırî’den sonra en geniş katkıyı yaptığı kabul edilmektedir. Onun yanı sıra Kazan Türkoloji ekolünden M. Korbangaliyev, R. Gazizov ve Neki İsenbet ansiklopedist sözlük yazarları olarak anılmalıdır. II. Dünya Savaşı ardından da Tatar akademik kurumlarının kurulması sayesinde bu alanda toplu çalışmalar hazırlanmıştır: SSCB. Bilimler Akademisi Kazan Dil, Edebiyat ve Tarih Enstitüsü tarafından hazırlanan Tatarça - rusça süzlěk (TRS; 1966); Tatar tělěněñ añlatmalı süzlěgě (TTAS; 1977-1981) ve nihayet Tatar Tělěněñ Añlatmalı Süzlěgě (2005) [Red. F. E. Ganiyev] çağdaş Tatar leksikolojisinin mükemmel eserleri olarak Türkoloji literatüründe yerini almıştır. Nihayet Türkiye’de de ancak SSCB’nin dağılmasından sonra elde edilen orijinal Tatarca malzemeyi örneklerle tespit eden Kazan-Tatar Türkçesi Sözlüğü Mustafa Öner tarafından hazırlanıp Türk Dil Kurumu tarafından ilkin 2009’da; daha sonra da genişletilerek 2015’te yayımlanmıştır. Eldeki bu sözlük repertuvarı çalışmamızın esasıdır.

- by Ezgi Sırtı
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- Languages and Linguistics, Lexicology, Proverbs, Vocabulary
- by Steven DeCaroli
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- Education, Hannah Arendt, Examples, Crisis

Το πρότυπο του ηγεμόνα και η imitatio imperatoris: Διαλεκτικές επιρροής μεταξύ αυτοκρατόρων και υπηκόων στην ελληνορωμαϊκή Ανατολή (31 π.Χ. - 235 μ.Χ.), Αθήνα 2020. Διδ. διατριβή, Πανεπιστήμιο Αθηνών [The model of the Roman emperor and the imitatio imperatoris: Dialectics of influence between the princeps and the provincials in the Greco-Roman East (31 B.C. – A.D. 235), Athens 2020. PhD thesis, University of Athens], υπό έκδοση στις εκδόσεις της Βιβλιοθήκης Σοφίας Σαριπόλου του Πανεπιστημίου Αθηνών – forthcoming in Greek in the Series of the Foundation Saripoleion of the University of Athens
https://www.didaktorika.gr/eadd/handle/10442/48549

- by Peter Brusilovsky
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- Computer Science Education, Adaptive Hypermedia, Examples, Programming
- by Aygün Akyol
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- Examples, Delphi, Felsefe, Ahlak Felsefesi

(eds Didi Herman and Connal Parsley). In this account of a hypothetical book chapter on 'the body', I describe how I would devise a chapter using the technique of writing through a single example-particularly, a single representation of the body. The chapter discusses some methodological aspects of this choice of method, as well as its appropriateness to the theme of 'the body' in relation to law. It addresses practical concerns like selecting an example, and the 'enabling constraint' the method offers to the writing process. Working with a single example is presented as a matter of bringing disparate materials into a 'constellation' in order to make the example 'more itself', by exploring the conditions and patterns that it makes uniquely visible. The aim of this approach would be to bring together interrelated reflections on how bodies are made meaningful through representational techniques in concrete instances and for specific purposes; the political ontology of representationalism in relation to legal thinking and methods; and scholarly work as an active, critical participant in the acculturation of techniques and ontologies, via the reflexive repurposing of elements of legal thinking.

- by Connal Parsley
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- Interdisciplinarity, Qualitative methodology, The Body, Socio-legal studies
- by sirajeddine abdelwahed
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- Creative Writing, Academic Writing, English, Examples

Voor dit boek schreef ik de thema's Belijdenis des geloofs, Belijdeniscatechese, Bijgeloof, Censura Morum, Eredienst, Exempels, Gezinsgodsdienst en Kerk. For this book I wrote the entries on confession of faith, confessional catechizing,... more

Voor dit boek schreef ik de thema's Belijdenis des geloofs, Belijdeniscatechese, Bijgeloof, Censura Morum, Eredienst, Exempels, Gezinsgodsdienst en Kerk.
For this book I wrote the entries on confession of faith, confessional catechizing, superstition, censura morum, worship, examples, family worship and church.

- by Dirk Baarssen
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- Reformed theology, Pietism, Examples, Church
- by Charles Larson
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- Statistics, Narratives, Examples, Comparisons

In this article we take the use of examples as a means to explore the processes of persuasion and consensus-construction involved in the legitimation of popular management knowledge. Examples, as concrete instances or events used to substantiate a wider argument, have been variedly regarded in different research traditions. Classical logic and rhetoric have considered them an inferior form of argument, useful for pedagogic or public debate but inadequate for higher forms of thought. This spirit still permeates much psychological research on communication, where the great persuasive import of examples has been contrasted with more scientific and formal resources for argumentation. Considered in this light, the contingent and episodic nature of examples seems to make them cognitively inferior to explicit statements of general rules. However, various strands of research on the nature of scientific knowledge have shown that implicit forms of knowledge are an integral part of scientific expertise. Examples may thus be more central to disciplinary thought than the conventional normative view seems to allow. In this spirit, we explore the use of examples in a hotly contested field, that of popular discourse on business and management. The profusion of examples in this kind of writing has been often noted, and almost as often criticized. We seek to explore more fully how these examples are deployed, examining the discursive devices that mark examples within the development of the text, their function as rhetorical moves, and their role in presenting arguments that are never otherwise made explicit.

- by Jessica Güsken
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- Critical Animal Studies, Handedness, Stanley Cavell, Adorno
- by Jessica Güsken
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- Aesthetics, Phenomenology, Émmanuel Lévinas, Maurice Merleau-Ponty

Collaborative ideation systems can help people generate more creative ideas by exposing them to ideas different from their own. However, there are competing theoretical views on whether and when such exposure is helpful. Associationist theory suggests that exposing ideators to ideas that are semantically far from their own maximizes novel combinations of ideas. In contrast, SIAM theory cautions that systems should offer far ideas only when ideators reach an impasse (a cognitive state in which they have exhausted ideas within a particular category), and offer near ideas during productive ideation (a cognitive state in which they are actively exploring ideas within a category), which maximizes exploration within categories. Our research compares these theoretical recommendations. In an online experiment, 245 participants generated ideas for a themed wedding; we detected and validated participants' cognitive states using a combination of behavioral and neuroimaging data. Receiving far ideas during productive ideation resulted in slower ideation and less within-category exploration, without significant benefits for novelty, compared to receiving no inspirations. Participants were also more likely to hit an impasse when receiving far ideas during productive ideation. These findings suggest that far inspirational ideas can harm creativity if received during productive ideation.

- by Reza Moradinezhad
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- Creativity, Examples, Brainstorming, Collaborative Ideation

Most people believe that who they are today is a culmination of a natural progression of who they were in the past. They also believe that who they will be in the future is determined similarly by who they are now, then predictably forward, and that there is no option about this path. I would like to suggest that we are not limited to living our life from the past into the present. We have the power to live our lives from the future, into the present.

- by Luqman A Wajid
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- Examples, Motherhood, Role Models, Prophets in Islamic thought

Seit jeher tauchen in verschiedenen Wissensdiskursen Tiere als Beispiele auf. Man könnte sagen: Tiere sind dankbare Beispiele. Das Themenheft Beispiel-Tiere möchte (selbstverständlich ausgehend von spezifischen Beispielen!) die Stellung untersuchen, die Tiere in solchen Diskursen als Beispiele einnehmen können, um daran weitergehende Fragen anzuknüpfen, die sowohl für die Beispieltheorie als auch für die Animal Studies relevant sind.

- by Jessica Güsken
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- Critical Animal Studies, Ecopoetics, Examples, Exemplarity
- by Jessica Güsken
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- Aesthetics, Walter Benjamin, Jacques Lacan, Martin Heidegger
- by ken salmi
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- Creative Writing, Academic Writing, English, Examples
- by Nabal Kishor
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- Creative Writing, Academic Writing, English, Examples
- by citra citra and +1
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- Creative Writing, Academic Writing, English, Examples

Resumé
Cet article porte sur le fonctionnement de l’exemple dans les premières grammaires du guarani, écrites par des missionnaires jésuites aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles pour répondre aux intérêts liés aux intérêts coloniaux de contrôle politique des Indiens dans ce qui était, alors, les domaines espagnols du Paraguay. La finalité immédiate de ces grammaires était l’apprentissage de la langue par les missionnaires, afin de permettre la communication quotidienne avec les Indiens et l’instruction religieuse. Les missionnaires ont fondé leurs descriptions sur l’observation de la langue dans des situations d’usage, puisqu’il s’agit de la grammatisation d’une langue non-documentée et méconnue par les grammairiens. L’objectif de cet article est définir comment cette finalité et les conditions initiales du travail de grammatisation ont déterminées la constitution des exemples, en ce qui concerne aussi bien leur statut et les critères de leur validation, que leur rapport à l’oralité. Nous analysons ensuite dans quelle mesure ce travail initial a favorisé la stabilisation du corpus au fil du temps, affectant le traitement des exemples et donnant lieu à l’émergence d’une tradition écrite prise en charge par les locuteurs de la langue.

- by Carolina Rodriguez
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- Discourse Analysis, Examples, Guarani, Jesuits

Motivation: Residue interaction networks (RINs) have been used in the literature to describe the protein three-dimensional structure as a graph where nodes represent residues and edges physico-chemical interactions, e.g. hydrogen bonds or van-der-Waals contacts. Topo-logical network parameters can be calculated over RINs and have been correlated with various aspects of protein structure and func-tion. Here we present a novel web server, RING, to construct phys-ico-chemically valid RINs interactively from PDB files for subsequent visualization in the Cytoscape platform. The additional structure-based parameters secondary structure, solvent accessibility and experimental uncertainty can be combined with information regard-ing residue conservation, mutual information and residue-based energy scoring functions. Different visualization styles are provided to facilitate visualization and standard plugins can be used to calcu-late topological parameters in Cytoscape. A sample use case ana-...

- by Alberto Martin
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- Examples, Availability
- by Ondřej Beran
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- Ethics, Philosophy and Literature, Examples

Despite the risk of deterioration of the balance of budget and economy during election periods, the parties can go to election economy applications in order to remain in power depending on competition between themselves. Especially the incumbent uses fiscal policies for reelection purposes. Here the incumbent intends to secure reelection by maximizing his expected vote share at the next election and follow expansionary policies just before the elections and reverse the trend after the elections in order to smooth the negative effects of pre-election budget deficit. All these applications may cause deterioration of budget balances, budget deficit and economic instability leading to an increase in debt with a significant increase of public spending relative to tax revenues. But in terms of election economy not only the public policies but also the other factors (level of development, institutional quality and media access, level of democracy, political and economic crisis, constitutional rules, transparency etc.) play a key role which focus on the idea of heterogeneity across countries. In this study, factors affecting the success of the election economy in developed and developing countries are evaluated and some examples are given about Turkey's 30-year period of elections from 1983 to 2015.

- by Science Park Research Organization & Counselling and +1
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- Political Science, Politics, Developing Countries, Turkey
- by Michael Yudelson and +1
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- Computer Science Education, Adaptive Hypermedia, Examples, Programming
- by Mirella Minkman
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- Business, Values, Corporate Governance, Governance

Motivation: Residue interaction networks (RINs) have been used in the literature to describe the protein 3D structure as a graph where nodes represent residues and edges physico–chemical interactions, e.g. hydrogen bonds or van-der-Waals contacts. Topological network parameters can be calculated over RINs and have been correlated with various aspects of protein structure and function. Here we present a novel web server, RING, to construct physico–chemically valid RINs interactively from PDB files for subsequent visualization in the Cytoscape platform. The additional structure-based parameters secondary structure, solvent accessibility and experimental uncertainty can be combined with information regarding residue conservation, mutual information and residue-based energy scoring functions. Different visualization styles are provided to facilitate visualization and standard plugins can be used to calculate topological parameters in Cytoscape. A sample use case analyzing the active sit...

- by Alberto Martin
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- Bioinformatics, Structure, Molecular Evolution, Examples
- by Giulia Maltagliati
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- Demosthenes, Examples, Greek Oratory, Aeschines
- by Michael Yudelson
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- Adaptive Hypermedia, Examples, Programming, Knowledge base
- by Tore Nordenstam
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- Tacit Knowledge, Decision Making, Wittgenstein, Utilitarianism