Humanitarian Response in Crisis Research Papers (original) (raw)

This baseline builds on the previous localisation baselining work in Vanuatu. The international humanitarian sector is currently developing ways to measure progress on localisation following the commitments made at the World Humanitarian Summit in 2016. This has also been a key issue for humanitarian actors in the Pacific region. Generating an evidence base on localisation is important in order to demonstrate what change is happening and the impact it is having. This report provides a baseline snapshot of localisation in Tonga.

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- Pacific Island Studies, Humanitarianism, Localisation, Humanitarian Response in Crisis

There are major challenges of conducting evaluations in humanitarian crises such as natural disasters and armed con icts. However evaluation is a vital tool for improving current psychosocial programs as well as future planning, programming and decision-making. Evaluation provides the means to improve program performance, identify potential unintended negative consequences and build inter-agency consensus on good and promising practices. Essentially, the wider impact of well-documented, reliable evaluations will be the building of a stronger knowledge base for e ective psycho- social practice.

- by Nafay Choudhury
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- Afghanistan, Humanitarian Response in Crisis, Central Banking, Financial Sector

Local responses to crises can be more effective, relevant and timely than those by external actors, as powerfully demonstrated during the fighting that erupted in northern Shan State last August. This article explores how local actors responded, and how larger, better-resourced UN & NGO level structures were unable to respond in a timely or effective manner to conflict-caused displacements.

- by Matt Walsh
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- Peace and Conflict Studies, Localization, Myanmar, Humanitarian Response in Crisis

The presentation compare cost and quality of transitional shelter and housing solutions taking into account regional difference in South Sudan. It ellaborates on availability of local materials, skills and community aceptancy to different... more

- by Fernando Murillo
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- Urban Planning, United Nations, Emergency Shelter, Housing
- by Thomas Legler and +2
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- Latin American Studies, International Migration, Venezuela, Migration Studies

This study highlights that the ongoing crisis in Yemen is governed by internal and external actors, and that Yemen's problems are multifaceted. Besides an unprecedented humanitarian crisis, Yemen faces sectarianism. The study also aims to foreshadow Yemen's future in the absence of clear visions among the main actors to manage the Yemeni crisis, both politically and militarily.

- by kamel bounab
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- Middle East Studies, War Studies, Yemen, Humanitarian Response in Crisis
- by Zeina Zaatari
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- Sexuality, Gender, UN and UN Agencies, Refugees

Le conflit armé au Yémen a été déclenché en mars 2015 par une intervention militaire de la Coalition de plusieurs pays du Golf et de la Ligue Arabe à la demande du président Hadi en exil à Riyad. La Coalition, qui agit sur commandement militaire de l’Arabie Saoudite, combat le groupe armé Houthi qui contrôle militairement et administrativement une partie du territoire ensemble avec sa branche politique Ansar Allah. Les Houthis sont soutenus par l’ancien président Saleh. Le conflit soulève des questions juridiques importantes telles que la qualification du conflit armé au Yémen ainsi que son éventuel internationalisation et le droit applicable. En outre, le conflit s’inscrit dans un contexte économique et politique désastreux et aggrave la situation humanitaire du pays. En effet, sur 26 millions d’habitants, 18 sont en grande situation de besoin humanitaire et parmi ceux-ci, 10.3 million sont dans un besoin urgent d’aide humanitaire, sans laquelle ils risquent leurs vies. Ce drame interroge aussi sur l’absence de couverture médiatique alors que les personnes et des biens civils sont les premiers à être touchés par des attaques militaires ciblées, en violation du droit international humanitaire. Malgré cela, il n’y aura aucune enquête internationale indépendante et impartiale pour documenter les violences. Le Yémen est en train de devenir un « failed state ».

The Humanitarian Partnership Agreement (2011-17) has transformed the way the Australian humanitarian non-government organisation (NGO) sector responds to disasters. This document provides a summary of the progress made by DFAT and its NGO... more

The use of digital communication technologies, and of mobile phones in particular, has seen an exponential rise in low- and middle-income countries over the last decade. These data, emitted as a byproduct of technologies such as mobile phone location information and calling metadata, have the potential to fill some of the problematic gaps in data resources available to country policymakers and international development organisations. Using three examples of current big data in the international development field, we examine the implications of these new types of data for development policy and planning: their advantages and drawbacks, emerging practices relating to their use, and how they potentially influence ideas and policies of development. We also assess the politics of these new types of digital data, which are often collected and processed by corporations or by researchers in industrialised countries. Our analysis indicates that these new data sources already represent an important complement to country-level statistics, but that there are currently important challenges which will need to addressed if the promises of big data in development are to be fulfilled.

- by Linnet Taylor and +1
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- Development Economics, Development Studies, Privacy, Critical Geography

This study examines effects of microblogging communications during emergency events based on the case of the summer 2011 riots in London. During five days in August 2011, parts of London and other major cities in England suffered from extensive public disorders, violence and even loss of human lives. We collected and analysed the tweets posted by the official accounts maintained by 28 London local government authorities. Those authorities used Twitter for a variety of purposes such as preventing rumours, providing official information, promoting legal actions against offenders and organising post-riot community engagement activities. The study shows how the immediacy and communicative power of microblogging can have a significant effect at the response and recovery stages of emergency events.

Borrador de trabajo Eje de protección de Derechos en Crisis Humanitaria para el Ecuador.

- by Juan Pablo Prado Lallande
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- Colombia, Humanitarian Intervention, Gobernanza, G20 - G8 - G7

While research has not yet established the regional consequences of terrorism, its immediate effects on states that have been hit (i.e. Mali, Niger, Burkina Faso and Nigeria), and the spill over effects in neighbouring countries cannot be discounted. This paper analyses the challenge of violent extremism in Africa based on existing evidence from across the West African sub-region. It pays particular attention to the recruitment of young people in Africa into extremist causes on the continent and beyond and proffers measures for their curtailment. The paper argues that terrorism in contemporary Africa undermines democratization, good governance, peace and security and regional development. It also recommends three-pronged strategies for addressing the miasma of extremist radicalism and its associated violence in West Africa, namely, governance, development and security reforms. While it may be difficult to absolutely curtail the activities of terrorist organizations in West Africa. C...

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the decision-making process and provide a decision support framework for deployment of an on-site analytical capacity (a fieldable laboratory (FL)) to contain an expanding outbreak and protect public health. Design/methodology/approach – The FL mission cycle consists of five successive interlinked phases with a set of operational functions (OFs) performed during the mission. The list of phases, OFs and their contents were iteratively developed during and after FL missions and validated with operational partners. Findings – The well-defined structure of the FL domain appears as the best functional basis for tracking the decision-making process across the whole mission cycle. Description of all the FL elements and information flows addresses the major issue of interoperability of resources used by similar international capacities (interacting g as operational partners in global response to the crisis. Originality/value – The work presents the first attempt in this field to systematically describe and chronologically organize the decisions taken by a FL manager and staff during all phases of the FL mission cycle. Definition of OFs with all the related information flows allows for comparison of procedures, their better planning and refining, validation of protocols, mutual training and operational improvement between FLs from different geographical, organizational and cultural origins.

- by Olga Vybornova and +1
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- Knowledge Management, Decision Making, Humanitarian Response in Crisis

De mayo a octubre del año %.,6 la incertidumbre y el conflicto condicionaron los alcances de la agenda global del desarrollo, haciendo compleja su identificación en el escenario internacional. Guerra y catástrofes de origen natural y humano e incluso procesos de auscultación electoral en varios países se impusieron con
respecto al espíritu de la Agenda %./. de Desarrollo Sostenible en su primer año de vigencia. Este artículo pasa lista a los sucesos de mayor peso e impacto, ya sea en contra o a favor del desarrollo mundial durante el periodo de tiempo señalado, tomando como referente los ejercicios de cooperación internacional realizados para atender a tal propósito.

El 20 de enero de 2017 Donald Trump tomó posesión como el 45 presidente de Estados Unidos. Desde entonces la agenda global del desarrollo, la cooperación internacional y el multilateralismo no dejan de ser objeto de serios reveses. Una prolífica batería de discursos, órdenes ejecutivas, tuits y acciones concretas por parte del Ejecutivo estadounidense, aunque también desde otras latitudes, resquebrajan los cimientos de una alianza global del desarrollo sostenible y resiliente. De la mano de lo anterior, se registran ejercicios de colaboración entre distintos actores internacionales que intentan atender a los retos de la Agenda 2030 y a la crisis humanitaria. Ambos flancos confeccionan un crisol de sucesos y experiencias sobre la agenda global del desarrollo que este artículo registra y analiza

- by Juan Pablo Prado Lallande
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- Governance, European Union, International Cooperation, OECD

Continuano le brutte favolette in TV; grandi e piccoli hanno perso il sonno. Allora la nonna racconta tre belle favole alla nipotina, così si addormenta serena. Forse le possono capire anche i grandi, se danno una martellata al loro smartphone per poter tornare ad usare la testa e il cuore. Lo aveva suggerito il “Comunicato del Signor Corona, virus” pubblicato su questa pagina di Academia.edu.
Appendice del Martedì Grasso 16 febbraio 2021. Fine del Carnevale?

- by Jean Santilli
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- Creative Writing, Pharmacy, Statistics, Journalism

In this paper, I question the manner in which humanitarian assistance is carried out in relation to human rights in emergency circumstances. I put to test the humanitarian principles of humanity and impartiality on the basis of which I question why the situation of Somali refugees in Kenya is given more attention than the situation of Zimbabwean asylum-seekers in South Africa. Through a comparative analysis of the two similar cases I examine the extent to which the humanitarian principle of impartiality is applied in emergency response and by so doing I illustrate how human rights are transgressed in humanitarian emergencies. Behind the humanitarian mandate is the human rights agenda to promote the cause of humanity, which entails every action aimed at promoting the dignity of the human person and alleviating human suffering. I argue that the transgression of human rights in emergencies implies that the core values of humanitarian response have also been contravened. Humanitarian emergencies are becoming increasingly frequent and thus, for want of better protection of human rights in these circumstances, humanitarian policy-making and emergency response need to take an integrated approach combining needs-based and rights-based approaches.

- by Maren Larsen
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- Refugee Studies, Urban Policy, Humanitarian Response in Crisis

Cork, Trócaire and the Development Studies Association of Ireland co-hosted a roundtable discussion on 1 st October 2015 in the Council Room, University College Cork. The Irish Research Council funded the event. The roundtable discussion was devised to create an opportunity to reflect on how Irish organisations contributed to a complex response led by the Sierra Leone authorities following the Ebola outbreak of 2014 which to date has taken the lives of 3,955 people, from a total of 13,982 1 diagnosed cases in the country. While the discussion focused on Sierra Leone, it was acknowledged throughout that Ebola was an international crisis, which resulted in 11,314 lost lives in ten countries, with Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone accounting for the vast majority of cases. Ireland's collective response has been and continues to be substantial. Ireland has a long connection with Sierra Leone and the role of the Irish Embassy, Irish Aid and the specific role of Irish non-governmental organisations in responding to the crisis must be acknowledged. Concern, Trócaire, Oxfam Ireland, World Vision Ireland, UCC, MSF, GOAL, and the former Ebola Coordinator of the Department of Foreign Affairs came to together to share insights from their work, observations on the wider response and importantly, pooling ideas and recommendations for future responses, as there is little doubt that a similar response will be needed again. In an attempt to capture the essence of the day, we have highlighted some of the key observations and recommendations from the presentations and the discussions that took place. The first session, " Psychosocial protection in Ebola Affected Communities " , examined the experiences of people directly affected by Ebola, including child and adult survivors, orphans and bereaved people and burial workers. The three presentations highlighted persistent psychosocial difficulties brought about by the outbreak and by the response. In particular, the focus of the session was on how to design context-appropriate interventions that support and strengthen processes of resilience at family and community level. The presentations and discussions highlighted that psychosocial aspects of the Ebola outbreak and 1 http://apps.who.int/ebola/ebola-situation-reports (sourced 16/10/2015)

- by Rob Kevlihan and +1
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- West Africa, Sierra Leone, Infectious Diseases, Social Medicine

La Unión Europea (UE) intenta obligar a los países miembros a aceptar cupos y cuotas. El pequeño “problema”, el detalle, lo que no se dice y se naturaliza, es que se trata de personas. Europa deshumaniza a los migrantes, los convierte en objetos, en mercancía redundante. Y busca dónde depositarlos. Son pocos los países que los aceptan. La mayoría cierra sus fronteras.

- by Pablo Bilsky
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- European Union, Europa, Humanitarian Response in Crisis, Siria

On 11 December 2013, the High Representative of the EU for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and the European Commission published their Joint Communication on ‘The EU’s Comprehensive Approach to external conflict and crises’. Long-awaited in academic and policy circles, the 12-page document builds on a variety of aspects already flagged up in the EEAS mid-term review, but offers for the first time an official EU position paper on the often elusive concept of the EU’s ‘Comprehensive Approach’. This GGI Briefing Paper provides a critical analysis of the Joint Communication and assesses its proposals in the context of the EU’s on-going post-Lisbon institutional transformations and policy advances in the field of early warning, conflict prevention and crisis response. The paper argues that important progress has been made mostly at the EU- internal level of the comprehensive approach, namely in the fields of institution-building, the development of early warning indicators and the facilitation of information-gathering and information-flows. Yet, the external dimension of the EU’s comprehensive approach (i.e., the EU’s cooperation with key international and regional organizations) remains woefully underdeveloped and needs to be addressed urgently in parallel to internal reforms.

- by Joachim Koops and +1
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- Crisis Management, European Union, Conflict prevention and resolution, European Union external relations

En este artículo se analiza el contexto actual de la situación de refugio en la región, realizando un repaso de la política en materia de protección internacional en México y analizando los vacíos de protección en el país, partiendo de una reflexión de los hallazgos proporcionados a través del trabajo de defensa y acompañamiento a la población solicitante de asilo en México, con la finalidad de contrastar la realidad con los marcos normativos nacionales y la política de asilo en el país.

El siguiente artículo es un estudio de caso, desde la perspectiva clásica de seguridad que tuvo como objeto determinar cómo la crisis en la Libia pos Gaddafi ha sido un factor determinante en el aumento de los movimientos migratorios entre el norte de África y Europa desde finales del año 2011 hasta el 2016, generando problemas humanitarios, de refugiados y de seguridad. Este convulsionado país es punto de partida y de tránsito poblacional hacia las demás naciones del continente africano y europeo debido a la ausencia de una autoridad central reconocida, la fragmentación del país y la profundización de la cuestión tribal, que impiden la reorganización de un gobierno que ejerza un control más preciso y efectivo tanto en las fronteras como en las poblaciones migrantes.

- by Revista Saber, Ciencia y Libertad and +2
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- Libia, Humanitarian Response in Crisis

Africa remains by far the most vulnerable continent in terms of viral and bacterial infections. Covid-19 is likely to prove the worst of these. Numbers shift constantly, but by 24 March 2020, more than 1,788 Covid-19 cases and 58 deaths had been reported in 43 African countries. Most confirmed cases so far have originated from outside the continent and the relatively limited international mobility of her people may have temporarily spared Africa the worst effects of the virus. But domestic community transmission will be almost impossible to stop.

Shortly after the earthquake that devastated Haiti in January 2010, Google and the satellite imagery provider GeoEye released images demonstrating the level of destruction inflicted by the disaster. These images helped those on the outside grasp the severe consequences of the earthquake, but more importantly the availability of high-resolution imagery yielded opportunities for humanitarian organisations in the aftermath of this disaster. The combination of geospatial information
technologies such as remote sensing, satellite navigation, internet mapping technologies with crowdsourcing initiatives or machine-learning algorithms was used to draft crisis maps and to facilitate distribution of scarce resources in support of response teams on the ground.
The Haiti earthquake is said to mark the beginning of the era of digital humanitarianism,
which Burns (2014) defines as “the enacting of social and institutional networks, technologies, and practices that enable large, unrestricted numbers of remote and on-the-ground individuals to collaborate on humanitarian management through digital technologies.”
The defining features of digital humanitarianism are therefore embodied in technologies of data collection, analysis and communication to improve situational awareness and effectiveness through better coordination between traditional and computer-assisted approaches. Against this background,
this chapter aims to scrutinize emerging opportunities and challenges for crisis response resulting from the introduction of commercial satellite imagery and Big Data analytics to humanitarian practices.

Si bien de enero a octubre de 2015 se registraron avances a favor de los intereses globales (como la Agenda 2030 para el Desarrollo Sostenible), de forma simultánea se repiten viejos esquemas respecto a la incapacidad de actores clave del sistema internacional para enfrentar retos humanitarios de amplia envergadura. Desde esa perspectiva, este artículo analiza de manera equilibrada los avances y limitaciones de la contrastante Agenda de Desarrollo en el periodo de tiempo señalado.

Learning Objective: Participants will be able to determine the capability level of implementers regarding humanitarian assistance for mothers and children during crisis situations in the Bicol Region in 2015. A framework for raising the capability level of implementers will be presented which can aid humanitarian implementers to intensifying efficient and effective delivery of humanitarian assistance to mothers and children. Background: This study focused on the capability level of implementers along humanitarian assistance for mothers and children during crisis situations in the Bicol Region. It specifically answered the following questions: (1) What are the perceived humanitarian needs of mother and children; (2) What challenges are met by implementers; (3) To what extent are the identified challenges managed in the implementation; (4) What is the capability level of implementers; (5) Is there a significant difference in the capability level of implementers according to their clients and by the implementers themselves.