Moringa Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

A five-months experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of partial replacement of rice straw in the ration of goat kids by Moringa oleifera (MO) forage on feed intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, some blood parameters and productive performance of growing goat kids. Twenty-one growing Baladi goat kids averaged six months age and 11.20 kg live body weight (LBW) were divided into three similar groups and randomly assigned to the following dietary treatments; control group (R1) which fed 60% CFM + 40% RS, while group (R2) fed 60% CFM + 20% RS + 20% MO and R3 fed 50% CFM + 25% RS + 25% MO. The daily feed allowance of goat kids was calculated according to NRC (2007) and adjusted biweekly. The experimental rations offered twice a day at 8 am and 2 pm in equal portions up to the end of the experimental period. Body weight, feed intake and feed conversion were determined over the whole trial. At the end of the feeding trial, three digestibility trials were conducted on twe...

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- Biology, Forage, Moringa

Traditionally, Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Hook. F. & Thomson (Menispermaceae), Ocimum sanctum L. (Lamiaceae), Moringa oleifera Lam. (Moringaceae), and Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) are some of the commonly used medicinal plants in India for curing ailments ranging from common cold, skin diseases, and dental infections to major disorders like diabetes, hypertension, jaundice, rheumatism, etc. To understand and correlate their medicinal use, trace element studies on the aqueous extract of these medicinal plants have been carried out using particle-induced X-ray emission technique. A 2-MeV proton beam was used to identify and characterize major and minor elements namely Cl, K, Ca, Ti, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Br, and Sr in them. Results have revealed that these elements are present in varying concentrations in the selected plants. Notable results include very high concentrations of Cl, K, and Ca in all the leaf samples, appreciable levels of Mn in all plants, high Zn content in T. cordifolia, and the aqueous extract of Moringa leaves compared to others and relative higher concentrations of Cr in all the plants.

- by Gowrishankar Ramadurai
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- Medicinal Plants, India, Plants, Common Cold
- by Mohamed Aroua
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- Engineering, Catalysts, Fuel Cells, Biodiesel

The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of a phytogenic mixture in the diet on broiler production. A total of 400 day-old unsexed Cobb broiler chicks were randomly allotted to four treatment groups of 10 replications in a randomised design experiment. The phytogenic feed mixture (BMC) contained equal ratios of black cumin, Moringa oleifera and chicory seeds. The treatment groups were as follows: T1 was fed the basal diet, while T2, T3 and T4 were fed the basal diet supplemented with 0.2%, 0.4% or 0.6% of three BMC mixture, respectively. Results showed that increasing the dietary BMC level could be associated with a gradual but significant increase in body weight and improvement in the feed conversion ratio when compared with the control group. Broiler diets enriched with 0.4% to 0.6% of the BMC mixture reduced gut microbial count of coliforms, E. coli and C. perfringens as well as gut pH, compared to the control group. Increasing the dietary BMC mixture level was associated with gradual but significant decrease in serum total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein concentrations and liver enzymes concentrations. However, there was an increase in the high density lipoprotein concentration, and glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activity in serum. In conclusion, the BMC mixture could be deemed an effective growth promoter, but further research is needed to evaluate it as a viable alternative to antibiotics.

- by Muhammad Saeed
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- Poultry Science, Moringa, Black Cumin, Chicory

Moringa oleifera is a medicinal plant widely used in folkloric medicine of Africa and Asia for the treatment of ailments such as ulcer, wound, inflammation, heart problem, cancer, stroke, obesity, anaemia and liver damage. The chemical constituents of the methanolic extract of Moringa oleifera leaves and seeds were investigated using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Sixteen chemical constituents were identified in the leaf methanolic extract; they are 9-octadecenoic acid (20.89%), L-(+)-ascorbic acid- 2,6-dihexadecanoate(19.66%), 14–methyl-8-hexadecenal (8.11%), 4-hydroxyl-4-methyl-2-pentanone (7.01%), 3-ethyl-2, 4-dimethyl-pentane (6.14%), phytol (4.24%), octadecamethyl-cyclononasiloxane (1.23%), 1, 2-benzene dicarboxylic acid (2.46%), 3, 4-epoxy-ethanone comprising (1.78%), N-(-1-methylethyllidene)-benzene ethanamine (1.54%), 4, 8, 12, 16-tetramethylheptadecan-4-olide (2.77%), 3-5-bis (1, 1-dimethylethyl)-phenol (2.55%), 1-hexadecanol (1.23%), 3, 7, 11, 15-tetramethyl-2 hexadecene-1-ol (1.17%), hexadecanoic acid (2.03%) and 1, 2, 3-propanetriyl ester-9 octadecenoic acid(1.23%). Five chemical constituents were identified in methanolic seed extract and they are oleic acid (84%), L-(+) - ascorbic acid- 2, 6-dihexadecanoate (9.80%), 9-octadecenoic acid (1.88%), methyl ester-hexadecanoic acid (1.31%) and 9-octadecenamide (0.78%). Results obtained showed that the methanolic leaf extract of Moringa oleifera has more chemical constituents than the seed with 9-octadecenoic acid (20.8%) as the highest in the leaf and oleic acid (84%) in the seed. These relatively diverse chemical constituents may be responsible for the medicinal properties of Moringa oleifera leaves and seeds.

- by amin mridha
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- Botany, Agronomy, Climate Change, Climatology

Phytoremediation which is an emerging technology that uses various plants to degrade, extract, contain, or immobilize contaminants from soil, but for this research we used moringa leaf for the laboratory experiments that was carried out. The physiochemical properties of the soil were determined before and after pollution. From the research it was observed that there were changes in the physiochemical properties of the soil samples after it was contaminated with crude oil. These changes in the soil physiochemical properties make the soil not to be fertile for planting our crops. However, after the application of the moringa leaf into the various soil samples, it experienced changes in its physiochemical properties, which means the moringa leaf gradually degraded the Total Petroleum Hydrocarbon in soil after the period of two months.

The effects of feeding graded levels of dried moringa (Moringa stenopetala) leaf on intake, body weight gain (BWG), digestibility and nitrogen utilization were studied using male sheep (BW of 13.8 ± 0.12 kg). Six sheep were randomly allocated to each of the four treatment diets: Rhodes grass (Chloris gayana) hay offered ad libitum (T1), hay + 150 g moringa leaf (T2), hay + 300 g moringa leaf (T3), hay + 450 g moringa leaf (T4) were offered daily. A 7-day digestibility trial and an 84-day growth experiments were conducted. Dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM) and crude protein (CP) intakes increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of moringa leaf in the diets. Sheep fed T2, T3 and T4 diets gained (P < 0.05) 40.2, 79.1 and 110.1 g/head/day, respectively, while the control group (T1) lost weight (−13.3 g/head/day). The apparent digestibilities of DM, OM, neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre were similar (P > 0.05) among treatments. The digestibility of dietary CP increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of moringa leaf, but there was no significant difference between T2 and T3 diets. The nitrogen (N) intake and urinary N excretion increased (P < 0.05) with increasing levels of moringa leaf. The N retention was highest (P < 0.05) for 450 g moringa leaf supplementation. The control group was in a negative N balance. Supplementing a basal diet of Rhodes grass hay with dried moringa leaves improved DM intake, BWG and N retention. It is concluded that M. stenopetala can serve as a protein supplement to low-quality grass during the dry season under smallholder sheep production system.

- by Ajebu Nurfeta
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- Diet, Animal Feed, Animals, Digestion

ABSTRACT Moringa oleifera tree was cultivated for the first time in the mild temperate climate of Greece. Moringa oleifera leaf protein and amino acid content, total phenols and flavonols, lipids, fatty acids, ash and minerals, dietary fiber and carbohydrates, carotenoids, and vitamins C and E were determined. Leaves were high in protein content (26.3%), including all the essential amino acids. They also contained 4512.2 mg GAE.100 g–1 DM of total phenols and were rich in flavonols (myricetin, quercetin, and kaempherol at 649.8, 77.2, and 37.2 mg.100 g–1 DM, respectively). Their lipid content was 5.6% (saturated fatty acids 28.33%, mono-unsaturated fatty acids 8.54%, and polyunsaturated fatty acids 61.27%). Leaves were rich in Ca, K, Mg, and P (1712.6, 1002.9, 460.4, and 194.2mg .100 g–1 DM, respectively), while other minerals (Mn, Na, Fe, Zn, Cu, and Se) were found in lower concentrations. The dietary fiber content of dried leaves was 34.1%, while the nonstructural carbohydrate content was 22.0%. They also had high carotenoid content (lutein, zeaxanthin, and β-carotene at 10.03, 1.52, and 2.02 mg.100 g–1 DM, respectively). The vitamins C and E concentrations were 203.1 and 104 mg.100 g–1 DM, respectively. The herbal tea was high in total phenols (736.9 mg GAE.L–1) and flavonols (myricetin, quercetin, and kaempherol at 203.7, 17.4, and 10.6 mg.L–1, respectively), and had antioxidant activity (protection factor: 4.2).

- by Vassilis Athanasiadis
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- Chemistry, Traditional Medicine, Minerals, Flavonoids

Aim: The objective of this experiment was to evaluate the effect of the addition of tannin extract to Moringa and Indigofera leaf silages on their chemical composition, silage quality characteristics, and in vitro rumen fermentation... more

- by Veterinary World
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- Animal Nutrition, Moringa, Silages, Silage
- by Scientific Research Journal
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- Soil Science, Agronomy, Agriculture, Phosphorus

Moringa oleifera is considered one of the most useful trees being pro moted across the world for its nutritional value. Ho wever, the production requirements of this crop are seldo m known. The study was conducted to investigate the effects of soil type and cattle manure on init ial establishment and growth of M. oleifera. Greenhouse experiments were conducted at Africa University, Zimbabwe in a 4×4 factorial treat ment structure laid in a randomized co mplete block design replicated 3 times. Sandy, sandy loam, clay loam and clay soils were used while cattle manure was applied to all the soils at levels of 0, 10, 20 and 40% on mass to mass basis. Results showed that, plant height, nu mber of branches, basal stem d iameter, root, shoot and total dry biomass significantly increased (p<0.05) with an increase in the amount of cattle manure applied. An increase of 173% in M. oleifera height was recorded where 40% manure was applied. Clay loam soils significantly increased (p<0.05) ...

- by Fanuel Tagwira
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- Agronomy, Organic agriculture, Sustainable agriculture, Agroforestry

The current study was a trial to produce an acceptable herbal bakery product such pan bread using Moringa leaves powder
at different ratios, (5, 10, 15 and 20%). Chemical composition, and minerals content of raw materials and processed pan bread
samples were determined. Rheological characteristics of these treated dough, sensory evaluation, physical properties, staling rate
and microstructure of processed pan bread samples were conducted. The obtained results indicated that Moringa leaves powder
contained high amounts of protein and crude fiber, beside some essential minerals namely Calcium, Magnesium, Phosphorous
and Iron. Addition of Moringa leaves powder to pan bread raised the protein content up to 21.85%, ash (5.21%) and
carbohydrates content decreased and reached 59.34%. Treated pan bread with 10% Moringa leaves powder had higher amount of
Magnesium (Mg), Calcium (Ca) and Iron (Fe) compared with control sample (from 25.50 to 102.56 mg/100g, 12.85 to 205.60
mg/100g and 4.54 to 12.56 mg/100g, respectively). Rheological properties showed that addition of Moringa leaves powder
negatively affected on some farinograph and extensograph values. Sensory evaluation showed that although there was an
improvement in nutritional value, the acceptability of all pan bread samples decreased with increasing level of Moringa leaves
powder ratios, especially pan bread with 15 and 20%. As physical properties, baking loss % ranged from 3.5-5.5% in bread
sample E and control sample, respectively. Results showed observed decreases in texture profile properties namely gumminess,
chewiness, springiness and resilience in all pan bread samples compared with control sample. Results of staling rate indicated
that there were gradual increases in all processed pan bread freshness up to 4 days of storage compared with control sample.
Finally, microstructure results showed different crystal types varied in shape, size and distribution in processed pan bread with 15
and 20% compared with other samples 5 and 10%. Also, the starch granules appeared wrapped and swollen in pan bread with 15
and 20% addition ratios. Generally, it could be said that, it is possible to produce acceptable herbal bakery products such as pan
bread using Moringa leaves powder with ratios of 5 and 10%. Moringa leaves powder is considered as a rich source of Ca, Mg
and Fe, could be used to prepare many bakery products, but there is a need to carry out more studies to evaluate these minerals
bioavailability.

- by Shady ElShehawy
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- Chemical, Bakery Products, Sensory Evaluation, Moringa
- by Mona S. Zayed
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- Pharmacology, Pharmacy, vitamin C, Biofertilizers
- by John P Tsaknis
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- Consumer Behavior, Potato, Fatty acids, Cooking

As a dietary supplement for animals, Moringa oleifera is very useful because its leaves are very nutritious. Moringa oleifera leaves are rich in fats, proteins, vitamins, and minerals with antimicrobial effects. Leaf tea is used to treat ulcers in the stomach and diarrhea. Moringa leaves are considered healthy food sources and are recommended for anemia from malnutrition due to the high protein, fiber, and iron content of the leaves. Moringa oleifera leaves are primarily used for medicinal and human consumption purposes since they are abundant in antioxidants and other nutrients. Due to the low energy and digestibility of proteins, Moringa oleifera leaf meal supplementation increases feed intake and feed conversion ratio, as well as decreasing egg mass yield, percentage of egg production, and egg weight. More research in these areas is required to make full use of the potential advantages of the Moringa oleifera plant as layer feed.

- by World's Veterinary Journal Editor
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- Moringa
- by Alemayehu Toma and +1
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- Complementary and Alternative Medicine, Enzyme Inhibitors, Flavonoids, Humans

Concerns over exposure to drinking water contaminants by rural and peri-urban dwellers in Africa, resultant adverse effects on human health, andhigh cost of water treatment facilities and chemicals have prompted several studies on the use of natural coagulants like Moringa Oleifera. This study was conductedto assess the efficacy of powder extracted from mature-dried Moringa Oleifera seeds for treatment of contaminated water. Moringa seeds were shelled, oven-dried and milled, after which the oil content was extracted with a solvent (n-hexane) in an electro thermal soxhlet apparatus and the residue was used as water coagulant. Representative water samples from stream, pond and well were collected and subjected to purification studies using seed extract of Moringa Oleifera and well processed certified Aluminum Sulphate. The efficiencies of the two coagulants were evaluated using a standard jar test. At optimum dosages of 2.5, 4.5 and 6.0 ml of M.O. seeds extract, turbidity removal effi...

- by Ajebu Nurfeta
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- Diet, Animal Feed, Animals, Digestion
- by I. Gerarh Umaru
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- Engineering, Chemistry, Engineering Management, Water and wastewater treatment

calcium (3.65%), phoshorus (0.3%), magnesium (0.5%), potassium (1.5%), sodium (0.164%), sulphur (0.63%), zinc (13.03 mg/kg), copper (8.25%), manganese (86.8 mg/kg), iron (490 mg/kg) and selenium (363 mg/kg). 17 fatty acids were observed with α-Linolenic acid (44.57%) having the highest value followed by heneicosanoic (14.41%), g-linolenic (0.20%) palmiteic (0.17%) and capric acid (0.07%). Vitamin E had the highest concentration of 77 mg/100 g than beta-carotene, which had 18.5 mg/100 g in the dried leaves. The fiber content was neutral detergent fibre (NDF) (11.4%), acid detergent fibre (ADF) (8.49%), acid detergent lignin (ADL) (1.8%) and (acid detergent cellulose (ADC) (4.01%). The condensed tannins had a value of 3.2%, while total polyphenols were 2.02%. The values of amino acids, fatty acids, minerals and vitamin profiles reflect a desirable nutritional balance.

- by Moyo Busani
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- Chemistry, Technology, Biological Sciences, African
- by Maria Agnes Etty Dedy
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- Veterinary Medicine, Toxicology, Biology, Aedes aegypti
- by Alexander Shula Kefi
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- Animal Science, Biology, Fisheries and aquaculture economics, Aquaculture

This study was conducted to assess the effect of air-dried Moringa stenopetala leaf (MSL) supplementation on carcass components and meat quality in Arsi-Bale goats. A total of 24 yearling goats with initial body weight of 13.6+/-0.25 kg were randomly divided into four treatments with six goats each. All goats received a basal diet of natural grass hay ad libitum and 340 g head^(−1) d^(−1) concentrate. The treatment diets contain a control diet without supplementation (T1) and diets supplemented with MSL at a rate of 120 g head^(−1) d^(−1) (T2), 170 g head^(−1) d^(−1) (T3) and 220 g head^(−1) d^(−1) (T4). The results indicated that the average slaughter weight of goats reared on T3 and T4 was 18.2 and 18.3 kg, respectively, being ( P <0.05) higher than those of T1 (15.8 kg) and T2 (16.5 kg). Goats fed on T3 and T4 diets had higher ( P <0.05) daily weight gain compared with those of T1 and T2. The hot carcass weight in goats reared on T3 and T4 diets was 6.40 and 7.30 kg, respec...

- by Amsalu Sisay
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- Animal Science, Agronomy, Food Science, Biology

This research was carried out to evaluate the coagulating effects of Moringa oleifera (Linnaeus) seed powder on wastewater at lower and higher concentration levels using Jar test. 10, 20, 30 and 40 ml of Moringa seed powder-prepared stock solution were used as lower concentration level, while 70, 80 and 90 ml were used as higher concentration level; and results compared. A control experiment was also set up . The pH, Temperature, Total Dissolved Solids, Conductivity and Total Suspended Solids were measured at 24 h post-treatment. Gas Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry was used to reveal chemical components in the ethanolic extract of M. oleifera seed powder. The optimum concentrations for Moringa coagulant at lower and higher concentration levels were 40 and 70 ml respectively. It was observed that 40 ml reduced the Total Suspended Solids of the wastewater from 1240 mg/l to 400 mg/l after 24 h settling interval with removal efficiency of 67.7%. Also, 70 ml reduced the Total Suspended ...

Moringa oleiferaleaves have a number of nutrients, such as protein, minerals, vitamins, calcium, potassium, iron and other mineral elements. In this study Moringa noodles has been prepared by the substitution of Moringa leaves flour in various proportions and used as nutritional supplement for lactating mothers. It has been found that the Moringa noodles have more lactation than other types of noodles. Since the Moringa leaves were rich of various nutrients and properties to increase lactation, there was urgent need to manufacture cost effective Moringa noodles. The optimum conditions for wheat flour, distilled water,Moringapowder were set and other ingredients were mixed in the various ratios. The optimal quantities of ingredients were added to enhance sensory valuation ofMoringanoodles. The used Moringa leaves powder in noodles may increase income of farmers and alleviate under nourishment of the infants at 0 to 6 months old.

- by Syauqul Jannah
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- Traditional Medicine, Biology, Pharmaceutical Sciences, Moringa

Phenotypic characterization of plant species is the basis for selection, conservation as well as improvement. Moringa oleifera (Lam.) is commonly grown as multi-purpose medicinal and leafy vegetable crop in Nigeria. This study evaluated phenotypic intraspecific variations among 40 accessions of M. oleifera collected from different agro-ecological zones. A total of 30 morphometric traits involving qualitative and quantitative vegetative, floral, fruit/pod and seed traits, seed set and germination percentages were combined for the analyses. Descriptive statistics, variance analysis, correlation coefficient, principal component analysis (PCA) and cluster analysis (CA) were used to evaluate the intraspecific variability. The accessions showed marked differences in floral, fruit pod and seed characters analyzed. Accessions edN037 (71 days), osN024 (73 days), ogN028 (74 days), oyN003 (75 days) and abN059 (76 days) were identified as early maturing accessions. Correlation coefficients r ≥ ...

- by Jacob Popoola
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- Botany, Agronomy, Biology, Ecology
- by Peter Olagbemide
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- Pharmacology, Chemistry, Pharmacy, Agronomy

Moringa oleifeira Lam is common Indian plant belongs to monogeneric Moringaceae. The research investigated the presence etynyl etradiol in ‘Drumstick’ (Moringa oleifera Lam.) seed samples. The major compounds found in Moringa oleifera Lam. seeds were further analyzed by HPLC technique. High pressure liquid chromatography (HPLC) has been found to be an efficient and sensitive method for identification and quantification of different classes of Ethynylestradiol. HPLC studies showed that analysis of Ethynylestradiol derivatives extracted in petroleum ether and aqueous seed extracts of Moringa oleifera Lam. revealed significantly high levels. The calculated value of ethynyl estradiol was obtained 108.199 μg/ml of petroleum extract while it was obtained 655.26 μg/ml of Moringa oleifera aqueous extract. As the concentration of the samples increased, the peak area was also increased.

- by Balasaheb Gaykar
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- Chemistry, Phytochemical Screening of Medicinal Plants, Moringa
- by Kawthardiab Diab
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- Biochemistry, Genetics, Traditional Medicine, Biology
- by Heba Abdelrazek
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- Chemistry, Moringa

Chronic undernutrition is prevalent in Mozambique, where children suffer from stunting, vitamin A deficiency, anemia, and other nutrition-related disorders. Complete diet formulation products (CDFPs) are increasingly promoted to prevent chronic undernutrition. Using linear programming, to investigate whether diet diversification using local foods should be prioritized in order to reduce the prevalence of chronic undernutrition. Market prices of local foods were collected in Tete City, Mozambique. Linear programming was applied to calculate the cheapest possible fully nutritious food baskets (FNFB) by stepwise addition of micronutrient-dense localfoods. Only the top quintile of Mozambican households, using average expenditure data, could afford the FNFB that was designed using linear programming from a spectrum of local standard foods. The addition of beef heart or liver, dried fish and fresh moringa leaves, before applying linear programming decreased the price by a factor of up to ...

- by Alexandr Parlesak
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- Nutrition and Dietetics, Food, Diet, Mozambique
- by Umadevi Mahalingam
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- Analytical Chemistry, Filtration, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Vibration

Two methods of treating water using a natural coagulant and a chemical coagulant were assessed. The natural coagulant was Moringa oleifera seeds (a forest plant) i.e Treatment ‘A’ while the chemical used was Aluminum hydroxide chloride i.e Treatment ‘B’. The aim of this study was to compare the use of a natural coagulant with a chemical coagulant. Samples were collected at Omida, Ibara, Mama Cass, Mr Bigg’s and Sidipon village respectively. The filtrate of Moringa oleifera seed extract was dosed into the greywater sample at 10% dosing range and made to run through a greywater treatment plant while Aluminum Hydroxide Chloride was also dosed at 10% dosing range and made to run through the treatment plant respectively. The greywater treatment plant is a self designed treatment plant made to treat both water and wastewater. The raw water was firstly analyzed, after which the treated samples were taken to the laboratory for analysis. Result for the physical, chemical and bacteriol...

- by Dr JA Awomeso
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- Moringa

- by Obembe Olawole
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- Botany, Agronomy, Biology, Ecology

Nutritive diet has grabbed the center stage in current times among common men as well as researchers &food has turned into a whole damn industry. Despite of everything, Malnutrition is the largest single contributor to diseases in the world & leads to 45% of all deaths in children under 5 in developing countries. Due to interrelated mother- child nutrition, if a breastfeeding mother gets required nutrition, her kid becomes healthy. The causes of improper nutrition are variable but lack of nutritious food combinations in all classes are most important throughout the world. Ayurveda is science of individualistic need based dietetics & nutrition and describes foods accordingly. There is recommendation of a super food named Shigru (Moringa) for Sutika (lactating mothers) in Bheshajyaratnawali,taking this as reference we have conceptualized a food combination of Moringa +wheat flour+ jaggery which is super nutritious and serves as a cheap, affordable, easy to collect and easy to make, pa...

- by shukla umesh
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- Business, Malnutrition, Moringa

Moringa oleifera Lam. has been considered as a multipurpose tree. The studies on it focus on its variable nutritional benefits. It is growing in many regions, but information about nutritional properties of those growing in the Caribbean is missing. The present study focused on biochemical analysis of main nutritional and antioxidant properties in plant material—dried leaves and seeds—of Moringa oleifera. The composition of lipids, proteins, and vitamin E was evaluated in powdered dried leaves and seeds. Fatty acids were evaluated in oil extracted from the moringa seeds. Potential antioxidant properties of the moringa were evaluated in extract from crushed and powdered leaves, as well as from the powdered seeds. The total amounts of lipids, proteins, and vitamin E were higher in powdered seeds (31.85%, 35.13%, and 220.61 mg/kg) than in powdered leaves (12.48%, 20.54%, and 178.10 mg/kg). The main compound of fatty acids presented oleic acid (76.78%) in seeds’ oil and oleic (25.01%), ...

- by Vito Pellizzeri
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- Chemistry, Food Science, Medicine, Antioxidant

The Moringa is a fast-growing evergreen or deciduous, multipurpose tree species comprised of 13 species. They are thought to be native to India from where they have been introduced in many different tropical and subtropical countries and are now growing throughout the world including Saudi Arabia (Moringa peregrina - a native species). Moringa tree is regarded as an excellent source of nutrition for human food and as treatment of many different ailments in the indigenous system of medicine for human diseases. Leaves, green pods, flowers and roasted seeds are used as vegetable; roots are used as spice; seeds are used for cooking and cosmetic oil. Plants contain important preventive and curative compounds, which are being used as antimicrobial agent. Moringa plants are also used for many other purposes like water purifier, green manure, mycotrophic plants, reforestation, alley crop, gum, ornamental, pest control, animal feed etc. Because of its numerous economic importances, easy prop...

- by amin mridha
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- Botany, Geography, Agronomy, Climate Change
- by Nomali Ngobese
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- Food Science, Plant Biology, Ecology, Moringa