Cao Rui (original) (raw)
إمبراطور مملكة واي هو الإمبراطور الثاني لواي .
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| dbo:abstract | Cao Rui (nascut el 204 o 205 i mort el 22 de gener del 239) va ser un fill de Cao Pi i el segon emperador de Cao Wei. És també conegut com l'Emperador Ming de Wei, ch. 魏明帝, py. wèi míng dì, wg. Wei Ming-ti. El seu nom de cortesia va ser Yuanzhong (元仲). El regne de Cao Rui fou vist de moltes maneres diferents a través de la història xinesa. Va ser un emperador que fou conegut per tindre poderosos estrategs militars i defensors de les arts al seu costat. També va ser conegut per ser astut en recompensar als oficials capaços. No obstant això, també va gastar grans sumes de diners i mà d'obra en projectes excessius de construcció de palaus i temples ancestrals, i el seu regnat va veure estancat entre el seu imperi, i els imperis de Shu Han i Wu Oriental consolidant-se. Els seus projectes de construcció i el seu desig de tenir moltes concubines (que es comptaven per milers) en gran manera esgotà el tresor imperial. En el seu llit de mort, li confià l'imperi al seu fill Cao Fang amb la regència de Cao Shuang i Sima Yi—un error fatal per al seu imperi, ja que Cao Shuang monopolitzà el poder i ho regí de manera incompetent, cosa que amb el temps generà una reacció violenta per part de Sima, que el va enderrocar en un cop d'estat i prengué el control del govern de Wei Cao, eventualment permetent que el seu el net de Sima Yan usurpara el tron de Wei. (ca) إمبراطور مملكة واي هو الإمبراطور الثاني لواي . (ar) Cao Rui (204 or 206 – 22 January 239), courtesy name Yuanzhong, was the second emperor of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. His parentage is in dispute: his mother, Lady Zhen, was Yuan Xi's wife, but she later remarried Cao Pi, the first ruler of Wei. Based on conflicting accounts of his age, Pei Songzhi calculated that, in order to be Cao Pi's son, Cao Rui could not have been 33 (by East Asian age reckoning) when he died as recorded, so the recorded age was in error; Lu Bi and Mou Guangsheng argued instead that Cao Rui was Yuan Xi's son. Cao Rui's reign was viewed in many different ways throughout Chinese history. He devoted many resources into building palaces and ancestral temples, and his reign saw the stalemate between his empire, Shu Han, and Eastern Wu become more entrenched. His building projects and his desire to have many concubines (who numbered in the thousands) greatly exhausted the imperial treasury. On his deathbed, he has no biological son. He passed the throne to his adopted son Cao Fang and entrusted him to the regency of Cao Shuang and Sima Yi. This would prove to be a fatal mistake for his clan, as Cao Shuang monopolised power and governed incompetently, eventually drawing a violent reaction from Sima Yi, who overthrew him in a coup d'état (Incident at Gaoping Tombs). Sima Yi became in control of the Wei government from AD 249, eventually allowing his grandson Sima Yan to usurp the throne in AD 266. After his death, Cao Rui was posthumously honoured as "Emperor Ming" with the temple name "Liezu". (en) Cao Rui (chinesisch 曹叡 / 曹睿, Pinyin Cáo Ruì, W.-G. Ts'ao Jui; Zì 元仲, Yuánzhòng, Yüan-chung; * 205; † 239) war der 2. Herrscher der Wei-Dynastie und der Nachfolger von Cao Pi. Als Cao Rui geboren wurde, war sein Großvater Cao Cao der Herrscher der Zentralebene und Anwärter auf die Allmacht im ehemaligen Han-Reich. Sein Vater Cao Pi war Cao Caos zweitältester Sohn. Er wurde Anwärter auf das Erbe des großen Feldherrn, weil sein älterer Bruder Cao Ang im Kampf fiel.Während eines Hinterhalts Zhang Xius überließ er sein Pferd seinem Vater, damit dieser fliehen konnte. Er selbst fiel bei diesem Angriff. Seine Mutter Zhen Luo war vormals die Ehefrau von Yuan Shaos Sohn Yuan Xi. Als Cao Cao aber 204 die Zentralebene ganz eroberte, gelangte sie in seine Gewalt, und Cao Pi zwang sie zur Heirat. Da Cao Rui schon acht Monate nach der Hochzeit geboren wurde, ging das Gerücht, dass er womöglich Yuan Xis Sohn sei. Diese Gerüchte nutzte Cao Pis Konkubine Guo Nüwang, um Ärger zwischen Cao Pi und Zhen Luo zu stiften. Deshalb wurde Zhen Luo nach Vertreibung des letzten Han-Kaisers nicht in die Wei-Hauptstadt Luoyang gelassen und musste 221 Selbstmord begehen. Cao Rui wurde 222 nicht Kronprinz, sondern nur Prinzregent von Pingyuan. Erst kurz vor seines Vaters Tod, 226 wurde er zum Kronprinzen ernannt und wurde im Alter von 21 Jahren Herrscher der Wei. Die drei Regenten Cao Zhen, Chen Chun und Sima Yi, die ihm sein Vater bestimmt hatte, machte Cao Rui zu Provinzgouverneuren. So konnte er ihren Rat weiterhin annehmen, während sie keine wirkliche Bedrohung seiner Macht darstellten. Bald nach der Thronbesteigung griffen die Shu Han unter Zhuge Liang in einer Allianz mit Wu an. Deshalb unternahm Cao Rui im Jahr 227 fünf Feldzüge gegen die schwächeren Shu Han. Durch seine Erfolge, besonders bei Chang'an, konnte Cao Rui Zhuge Liang abwehren und, wenn auch nicht Frieden, so doch eine lange Ruhe mit Shu herstellen. Die Kämpfe mit Wu dagegen dauerten seine ganze Regentschaft an und waren stets wechselvoll. Insgesamt konnte Cao Rui v. a. durch seine Siege 228 und 234 sein Reich bewahren. Es gelang ihm jedoch nie, ins Kernland von Wu vorzudringen. Cao Ruis größter militärischer Erfolg war die Eroberung von Liaodong im Jahr 237, die er v. a. Sima Yi verdankte. In den Friedenszeiten konzentrierte sich Cao Rui auf den Bau von beeindruckenden Palästen; auch sammelte er eine beachtliche Zahl von Konkubinen um sich. Im Frühjahr 239 entschied er sich schließlich für seinen siebenjährigen Sohn Cao Fang, der – von Sima Yi unterstützt – sein Nachfolger wurde. (de) Cao Rui (ch: 曹叡, py: cáo rùi, wg: Ts'ao-Jui) (205-239) adalah anak dari Cao Pi dan kaisar kedua dari negara Cao Wei pada Zaman Tiga Negara di Tiongkok. Dia juga dikenal dengan sebutan Kaisar Ming dari Wei dan juga sebutan Yuangzhong. Cao Rui dikenal sebagai kaisar yang mempunyai pemikiran strategi perang yang bagus dan bijaksana dalam memberi pangkat kepada pejabat yang cakap. Tetapi dia juga memiliki kekurangan seperti banyak menghabiskan harta untuk proyek pembangunan seperti istana dan juga memiliki selir yang banyak (yang berjumlah ribuan) yang menyebabkan kas dan harta negara terkuras habis. (in) Cao Rui (205 - 22 janvier 239) est le fils aîné de Cao Pi. Dès son plus jeune âge, il montre les signes d’une vive intelligence et devient le second empereur des Wei le 29 juin 226, après la mort de son père. À la suite d'une ruse de Ma Su, il rétrograde Sima Yi qui était commandant des forces armées des provinces de Yong et de Liang et donne ainsi la possibilité d'une invasion provenant du Royaume de Shu. En conséquence, après avoir perdu plusieurs batailles lors de cette invasion, Cao Rui décide de réintégrer Sima Yi à son ancien poste et réussit ainsi à repousser l’armée des Shu. Faisant de Sima Yi un officier de haut rang, il réussit également à repousser les quatre autres campagnes militaires menées par Zhuge Liang qui suivent. Parmi ses autres réussites, il repousse une invasion des Wu à laquelle il participe personnellement et écrase la révolte de Gongsun Yuan. Enfin, Cao Rui épuise les ressources de sa nation en construisant une série de palais grandioses et meurt de maladie en l’an 239 à l’âge de 34 ans. (fr) Cao Ruì (曹叡T, Cáo RuìP; 204 o 206 – 22 gennaio 239) fu il secondo imperatore del Regno Wei, figlio di Cao Pi. Come imperatore cinese (titolo allora conteso) fu conosciuto con il nome di imperatore Ming di Wei (魏明帝T, Wèi MíngdìP). Il suo nome di cortesia era Yuánzhòng (元仲). (it) ( 다른 뜻에 대해서는 조예 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 위 열조 명황제 조예(魏 烈祖 明皇帝 曹叡, 205년 ~ 239년 1월 22일)는 조위의 2대 황제로, 자는 원중(元仲)이다. 문제와 문소황후 견씨의 아들로, 중국의 역대 황제 중 나라를 세우지 않고 조(祖) 자의 묘호를 얻은 최초의 황제이다. (ko) 曹叡（そう えい）は、三国時代の魏の第2代皇帝。 (ja) Cao Rui (Yuanzhong) of Wei Mingdi (205-239) was de tweede keizer van de Wei-dynastie. Hij was de kleinzoon van Cao Cao, de zoon van Cao Pi (de eerste keizer) en en de vader van . Toen zijn vader Cao Pi in 226 stierf, volgde Cao Rui hem op als keizer van Wei. Cao Rui was een omstreden keizer; hij was een goed militair strateeg, maar tegelijk hield hij van pracht en praal en liet grote paleizen en tempels bouwen, die een aanslag waren op de staatskas. Bij zijn dood in 239 verklaarde hij dat zijn zoon hem op zou volgen, en dat Sima Yi en hem moesten beschermen en de staatszaken regelen. (nl) Cao Rui (chiń. 曹叡; imię pośmiertne chiń. 明帝; pinyin Míngdì; ur. 205 zm. 22 stycznia 239) – drugi cesarz chińskiego państwa Wei, panujący w latach 226–239. Był synem i następcą Cao Pi. Jego śmierć była początkiem kryzysu dynastii. (pl) Cao Rui (曹叡) (204 ou 206 - 22 de janeiro de 239), nome de cortesia Yuanzhong (元仲), foi o segundo imperador do estado de Cao Wei durante o período dos Três Reinos, Reino de Wei. Reinou de 29 de junho de 226 a 22 de janeiro de 239, foi antecedido no trono pelo imperador Cao Pi e seguido por Cao Fang. Após a morte de Zhuge Liang, ele começou uma campanha para construir diversos palácios, enfraquecendo significativamente o Wei no processo, e deixando o reino vulnerável aos ataques de Jiang Wei e . (pt) Цао Жуй (кит. 曹叡, пиньинь Cáo Rùi, 205 — 22 января 239), взрослое имя Юаньчжун (кит. трад. 元仲, пиньинь Yuánzhòng) — второй правитель царства Вэй эпохи Троецарствия в Китае. Посмертное имя — Мин-ди (明帝), храмовое имя — Ле-цзу (烈祖). (ru) Цао Жуй (спрощ.: 曹叡; піньїнь: Cáo Rùi; 204/206 — 22 січня 239) — другий китайський імператор держави Вей періоду Саньґо. Посмертне ім'я — Мін-ді, храмове ім'я — Ле-цзу. (uk) 魏明帝曹叡（Ruì）（204年或206年－239年1月22日），字元仲，豫州沛国谯县（今安徽省亳州市）人。三国时期曹魏第二任皇帝（226年至239年在位）。魏文帝曹丕长子，母为文昭甄皇后。 黄初三年（222年），曹叡封平原王，黄初七年（226年）五月，魏文帝病重，立曹叡为皇太子，即位于洛阳。曹叡在位期间指挥曹真、司马懿等人成功防御吴、蜀的多次攻伐，并且平定鲜卑，攻灭公孙渊，设置律博士制度，重视狱讼审理，与尚书陈群等人制《魏律》十八篇，是古代法典编纂史上的重大进步。魏明帝在军事、政治和文化方面都颇有建树，但在统治后期大兴土木和疏于政事。 景初三年（239年），曹叡病逝于洛阳，时年三十五岁，庙号烈祖，谥号明帝，葬于高平陵。曹叡能诗文，与曹操、曹丕并称魏氏“三祖”，原有集但已散佚，后人辑有其散文二卷、乐府诗十余首。自從曹叡崩後，曹爽與司馬懿輔政，魏帝自此淪爲傀儡。再後曹爽被司馬懿發動高平陵之变斬殺，魏國大權完全落入司馬氏家族手中。 (zh) |
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| dbp:c | 曹叡 (en) |
| dbp:deathDate | 0239-01-22 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:deathPlace | dbr:Cao_Wei dbr:Luoyang |
| dbp:eraDates | (en) Jingchu : 237–239 (en) Qinglong : 233–237 (en) Taihe : 227–233 (en) |
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| dbp:fullName | Courtesy name: Yuanzhong (en) Family name: Cao (en) Given name: Rui (en) |
| dbp:gr | Tsaur Ruey (en) |
| dbp:house | dbr:Cao_Wei |
| dbp:issue | Cao Jiong, Prince of Qinghe (en) Cao Mu, Prince of Fanyang (en) Cao Yin, Prince Ai of Anping (en) Princess Qi (en) Princess Yi of Pingyuan (en) |
| dbp:j | Cou4 Jeoi6 (en) |
| dbp:mc | Dzaw Jwèj (en) |
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| dbp:name | Emperor Ming of Wei (en) 魏明帝 (en) |
| dbp:p | Cáo Ruì (en) |
| dbp:placeOfBurial | Gaoping Mausoleum , Luoyang, Henan (en) |
| dbp:posthumousName | Emperor Ming (en) |
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| dbp:spouseType | Consorts (en) |
| dbp:succession | dbr:Cao_Wei dbr:Emperor_of_China Crown Prince of Cao Wei (en) Duke of Qi (en) Prince of Pingyuan (en) |
| dbp:successor | dbr:Cao_Fang |
| dbp:templeName | Liezu (en) |
| dbp:title | dbr:Cao_Wei dbr:Emperor_of_China |
| dbp:tl | Tsô Jūe (en) |
| dbp:w | Ts'ao2 Jui4 (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | إمبراطور مملكة واي هو الإمبراطور الثاني لواي . (ar) Cao Rui (ch: 曹叡, py: cáo rùi, wg: Ts'ao-Jui) (205-239) adalah anak dari Cao Pi dan kaisar kedua dari negara Cao Wei pada Zaman Tiga Negara di Tiongkok. Dia juga dikenal dengan sebutan Kaisar Ming dari Wei dan juga sebutan Yuangzhong. Cao Rui dikenal sebagai kaisar yang mempunyai pemikiran strategi perang yang bagus dan bijaksana dalam memberi pangkat kepada pejabat yang cakap. Tetapi dia juga memiliki kekurangan seperti banyak menghabiskan harta untuk proyek pembangunan seperti istana dan juga memiliki selir yang banyak (yang berjumlah ribuan) yang menyebabkan kas dan harta negara terkuras habis. (in) Cao Ruì (曹叡T, Cáo RuìP; 204 o 206 – 22 gennaio 239) fu il secondo imperatore del Regno Wei, figlio di Cao Pi. Come imperatore cinese (titolo allora conteso) fu conosciuto con il nome di imperatore Ming di Wei (魏明帝T, Wèi MíngdìP). Il suo nome di cortesia era Yuánzhòng (元仲). (it) ( 다른 뜻에 대해서는 조예 (동음이의) 문서를 참고하십시오.) 위 열조 명황제 조예(魏 烈祖 明皇帝 曹叡, 205년 ~ 239년 1월 22일)는 조위의 2대 황제로, 자는 원중(元仲)이다. 문제와 문소황후 견씨의 아들로, 중국의 역대 황제 중 나라를 세우지 않고 조(祖) 자의 묘호를 얻은 최초의 황제이다. (ko) 曹叡（そう えい）は、三国時代の魏の第2代皇帝。 (ja) Cao Rui (Yuanzhong) of Wei Mingdi (205-239) was de tweede keizer van de Wei-dynastie. Hij was de kleinzoon van Cao Cao, de zoon van Cao Pi (de eerste keizer) en en de vader van . Toen zijn vader Cao Pi in 226 stierf, volgde Cao Rui hem op als keizer van Wei. Cao Rui was een omstreden keizer; hij was een goed militair strateeg, maar tegelijk hield hij van pracht en praal en liet grote paleizen en tempels bouwen, die een aanslag waren op de staatskas. Bij zijn dood in 239 verklaarde hij dat zijn zoon hem op zou volgen, en dat Sima Yi en hem moesten beschermen en de staatszaken regelen. (nl) Cao Rui (chiń. 曹叡; imię pośmiertne chiń. 明帝; pinyin Míngdì; ur. 205 zm. 22 stycznia 239) – drugi cesarz chińskiego państwa Wei, panujący w latach 226–239. Był synem i następcą Cao Pi. Jego śmierć była początkiem kryzysu dynastii. (pl) Cao Rui (曹叡) (204 ou 206 - 22 de janeiro de 239), nome de cortesia Yuanzhong (元仲), foi o segundo imperador do estado de Cao Wei durante o período dos Três Reinos, Reino de Wei. Reinou de 29 de junho de 226 a 22 de janeiro de 239, foi antecedido no trono pelo imperador Cao Pi e seguido por Cao Fang. Após a morte de Zhuge Liang, ele começou uma campanha para construir diversos palácios, enfraquecendo significativamente o Wei no processo, e deixando o reino vulnerável aos ataques de Jiang Wei e . (pt) Цао Жуй (кит. 曹叡, пиньинь Cáo Rùi, 205 — 22 января 239), взрослое имя Юаньчжун (кит. трад. 元仲, пиньинь Yuánzhòng) — второй правитель царства Вэй эпохи Троецарствия в Китае. Посмертное имя — Мин-ди (明帝), храмовое имя — Ле-цзу (烈祖). (ru) Цао Жуй (спрощ.: 曹叡; піньїнь: Cáo Rùi; 204/206 — 22 січня 239) — другий китайський імператор держави Вей періоду Саньґо. Посмертне ім'я — Мін-ді, храмове ім'я — Ле-цзу. (uk) 魏明帝曹叡（Ruì）（204年或206年－239年1月22日），字元仲，豫州沛国谯县（今安徽省亳州市）人。三国时期曹魏第二任皇帝（226年至239年在位）。魏文帝曹丕长子，母为文昭甄皇后。 黄初三年（222年），曹叡封平原王，黄初七年（226年）五月，魏文帝病重，立曹叡为皇太子，即位于洛阳。曹叡在位期间指挥曹真、司马懿等人成功防御吴、蜀的多次攻伐，并且平定鲜卑，攻灭公孙渊，设置律博士制度，重视狱讼审理，与尚书陈群等人制《魏律》十八篇，是古代法典编纂史上的重大进步。魏明帝在军事、政治和文化方面都颇有建树，但在统治后期大兴土木和疏于政事。 景初三年（239年），曹叡病逝于洛阳，时年三十五岁，庙号烈祖，谥号明帝，葬于高平陵。曹叡能诗文，与曹操、曹丕并称魏氏“三祖”，原有集但已散佚，后人辑有其散文二卷、乐府诗十余首。自從曹叡崩後，曹爽與司馬懿輔政，魏帝自此淪爲傀儡。再後曹爽被司馬懿發動高平陵之变斬殺，魏國大權完全落入司馬氏家族手中。 (zh) Cao Rui (nascut el 204 o 205 i mort el 22 de gener del 239) va ser un fill de Cao Pi i el segon emperador de Cao Wei. És també conegut com l'Emperador Ming de Wei, ch. 魏明帝, py. wèi míng dì, wg. Wei Ming-ti. El seu nom de cortesia va ser Yuanzhong (元仲). (ca) Cao Rui (chinesisch 曹叡 / 曹睿, Pinyin Cáo Ruì, W.-G. Ts'ao Jui; Zì 元仲, Yuánzhòng, Yüan-chung; * 205; † 239) war der 2. Herrscher der Wei-Dynastie und der Nachfolger von Cao Pi. Als Cao Rui geboren wurde, war sein Großvater Cao Cao der Herrscher der Zentralebene und Anwärter auf die Allmacht im ehemaligen Han-Reich. Sein Vater Cao Pi war Cao Caos zweitältester Sohn. Er wurde Anwärter auf das Erbe des großen Feldherrn, weil sein älterer Bruder Cao Ang im Kampf fiel.Während eines Hinterhalts Zhang Xius überließ er sein Pferd seinem Vater, damit dieser fliehen konnte. Er selbst fiel bei diesem Angriff. (de) Cao Rui (204 or 206 – 22 January 239), courtesy name Yuanzhong, was the second emperor of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period. His parentage is in dispute: his mother, Lady Zhen, was Yuan Xi's wife, but she later remarried Cao Pi, the first ruler of Wei. Based on conflicting accounts of his age, Pei Songzhi calculated that, in order to be Cao Pi's son, Cao Rui could not have been 33 (by East Asian age reckoning) when he died as recorded, so the recorded age was in error; Lu Bi and Mou Guangsheng argued instead that Cao Rui was Yuan Xi's son. (en) Cao Rui (205 - 22 janvier 239) est le fils aîné de Cao Pi. Dès son plus jeune âge, il montre les signes d’une vive intelligence et devient le second empereur des Wei le 29 juin 226, après la mort de son père. Parmi ses autres réussites, il repousse une invasion des Wu à laquelle il participe personnellement et écrase la révolte de Gongsun Yuan. Enfin, Cao Rui épuise les ressources de sa nation en construisant une série de palais grandioses et meurt de maladie en l’an 239 à l’âge de 34 ans. (fr) |
| rdfs:label | Cao Rui (en) الإمبراطور تساو روي (ar) Cao Rui (ca) Cao Rui (de) Cao Rui (in) Cao Rui (fr) Cáo Ruì (it) 曹叡 (ja) 조예 (ko) Cao Rui (nl) Cao Rui (pl) Cao Rui (pt) Цао Жуй (ru) Цао Жуй (uk) 曹叡 (zh) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:Zhuge_Liang's_Northern_Expeditions |
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| prov:wasDerivedFrom | wikipedia-en:Cao_Rui?oldid=1095662588&ns=0 |
| foaf:isPrimaryTopicOf | wikipedia-en:Cao_Rui |
| foaf:name | Emperor Ming of Wei (en) 魏明帝 (en) |
| is dbo:child of | dbr:Cao_Pi dbr:Lady_Zhen |
| is dbo:commander of | dbr:Zhuge_Liang's_Northern_Expeditions |
| is dbo:parent of | dbr:Cao_Xun |
| is dbo:predecessor of | dbr:Cao_Fang |
| is dbo:spouse of | dbr:Empress_Mingdao dbr:Empress_Guo_(Cao_Rui's_wife) |
| is dbo:successor of | dbr:Cao_Pi |
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| is dbp:commander of | dbr:Zhuge_Liang's_Northern_Expeditions |
| is dbp:father of | dbr:Cao_Xun |
| is dbp:issue of | dbr:Cao_Pi dbr:Lady_Zhen |
| is dbp:leader of | dbr:Cao_Wei |
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| is dbp:successor of | dbr:Cao_Pi |
| is foaf:primaryTopic of | wikipedia-en:Cao_Rui |