Rajendra Chola I (original) (raw)
راجندرا تشولا الأول أو غالبًا ما يوصف بأنه راجندرا العظيم كان إمبراطور مملكة تشولا في جنوب الهند الذي خلف والده راجاراجا تشولا الأول على العرش عام 1014 م. خلال فترة حكمه وسع نفوذ إمبراطورية تشولا إلى ضفاف نهر الغانج في شمال الهند وعبر المحيط الهندي إلى غرب وجنوب شرق آسيا، مما جعل إمبراطورية تشولا واحدة من أقوى الإمبراطوريات البحرية في الهند. شملت غزوات راجندرا سريلانكا وجزر المالديف وغزا بنجاح أراضي سريفيجايا في شبه جزيرة ملايو وجنوب تايلاند وسومطرة وجاوة في جنوب شرق آسيا. حصل تشولا على جزية من تايلاند ومملكة الخمير في كمبوديا، وأيضًا بناء عاصمة جديدة تسمى غانغايكوندا شولابورام.
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| dbo:abstract | Rajendra Cola I o Rajendra I fou un rei o emperador Cola que és considerat un dels governants i generals més grans de l'Índia. Va succeir al seu pare el 1014. Durant el seu regnat, va estendre la influència dels Coles a les ribes del riu Ganges a l'Índia del nord i a través de l'oceà Índic a l'oest, fent de l'imperi Cola un dels imperis més potents de l'Índia. Les conquestes de Rajendra van incloure les illes Andaman i Nicobar, Sri Lanka, Maldives, i va envair i assaltar amb èxit els territoris de Sri Vijaya a Malàisia, Indonèsia i Tailàndia del sud al sud-est d'Àsia. El Coles van percebre tribut de Tailàndia i del regne khmer de Cambotja. Va derrotar a Mahipala, el rei Pala de Bengala i Bihar, i per commemorar la seva victòria va construir una ciutat i nova capital anomenada Gangaikonda Cholapuram. (ca) Rajendra Chola I. (tamilisch இராஜேந்திர சோழன் Irājēntira Cōḻaṉ; † 1044) war König des tamilischen Reichs der Chola. Er war der Sohn von Rajaraja I. sowie dessen Mitregent ab 1012. Im Jahre 1014 trat er die Thronfolge seines Vaters an. Während seiner Herrschaft expandierte er sein Reich bis zum Fluss Ganges im Norden und über den Golf von Bengalen. Rajendra erweiterte die Herrschaft über Birma, die Andamanen und Nikobaren, Lakshadweep, die Malediven, eroberte Srivijaya (Sumatra, Java und Malaya in Südostasien) und die Pegu-Inseln mit seiner Schiffsflotte. Er besiegte , den Pala-König von Bengalen und Bihar. Um seines Sieges zu gedenken, errichtete er eine neue Hauptstadt namens Gangaikonda Cholapuram. Tamilische Chola-Armeen forderten Tribut von Thailand und vom Khmer-Königreich von Kambodscha. Rajendra war der erste indische Herrscher, der fähig war, seine Armee über Schiffe zu transportieren. Er errichtete außerdem einen Tempel in Gangaikonda Cholapuram für den hinduistischen Gott Shiva, ähnlich dem Brihadisvara-Tempel in Thanjavur, der von Rajaraja Chola errichtet wurde. (de) راجندرا تشولا الأول أو غالبًا ما يوصف بأنه راجندرا العظيم كان إمبراطور مملكة تشولا في جنوب الهند الذي خلف والده راجاراجا تشولا الأول على العرش عام 1014 م. خلال فترة حكمه وسع نفوذ إمبراطورية تشولا إلى ضفاف نهر الغانج في شمال الهند وعبر المحيط الهندي إلى غرب وجنوب شرق آسيا، مما جعل إمبراطورية تشولا واحدة من أقوى الإمبراطوريات البحرية في الهند. شملت غزوات راجندرا سريلانكا وجزر المالديف وغزا بنجاح أراضي سريفيجايا في شبه جزيرة ملايو وجنوب تايلاند وسومطرة وجاوة في جنوب شرق آسيا. حصل تشولا على جزية من تايلاند ومملكة الخمير في كمبوديا، وأيضًا بناء عاصمة جديدة تسمى غانغايكوندا شولابورام. (ar) Ο Ράξενδρα Τσόλα I ή συχνά περιγράφεται ως Ράξενδρα ο Μέγας ήταν ο αυτοκράτορας στη νότια Ινδία που διαδέχθηκε τον πατέρα του, στο θρόνο το 1014 CE . Κατά τη διάρκεια της βασιλείας του επέκτεινε την επιρροή της αυτοκρατορίας Τσόλα στις όχθες του Γάγγη στη βόρεια Ινδία, στη Δυτική και Νοτιοανατολική Ασία, κάνοντας την Αυτοκρατορία Τσόλα μια από τις πιο ισχυρές αυτοκρατορίες στην Ινδία. Οι εισβολές του Ράξενδρα έγιναν στη Σρι Λάνκα και τις Μαλδίβες και κατέκτησε με επιτυχία τα εδάφη της χερσονήσου της Μαλαισίας, τη νότια Ταϊλάνδη, τη Σουμάτρα και την Ιάβα στη Νοτιοανατολική Ασία . Ο Τσόλα λάμβανε φόρο υποτέλειας από την Ταϊλάνδη και το Βασίλειο της Καμπότζης έχτισε επίσης μια νέα πρωτεύουσα που ονομάζεται Γάγγαϊκώνδα Χολαπόραμ . (el) Rajendra Chola I (bahasa Tamil: முதலாம் இராஜேந்திர சோழன்) adalah putra Rajaraja Chola I, raja Chola yang terletak di India selatan. Dia menjadi raja Chola pada tahun 1014. Selama kekuasaannya, Dia memperluas kekuasaan Chola ke tepi sungai Gangga di utara. Wilayah Rajendra mencapai Burma, Kepulauan Andaman dan Nikobar, Lakshadweep, Maladewa, menaklukan Sriwijaya (Sumatra dan Semenanjung Malaya di Asia Tenggara), dan kepulauan Pegu. Dia menaklukan , raja Pala dari Benggala dan Bihar, dan untuk mengenang kemenangannya Rajendra membangun ibu kota barunya yang disebut . Rajendra adalah raja India pertama yang membawa angkatan bersenjatanya ke luar negeri. Rajendra Chola juga membangunkan kuil untuk Siwa di . (in) Rajendra Chola I (/rəʒeɪnədrə/; Middle Tamil: Rājēntira Cōḻaṉ; Classical Sanskrit: Rājēndradēva Cōla; Old Malay: Raja Suran; c. 971 CE – 1044 CE), often referred to as Rajendra the Great, and also known as Gangaikonda Chola (Middle Tamil: Kaṅkaikoṇṭa Cōḻaṉ; lit. 'Bringer of the Ganges'), and Kadaram Kondan (Middle Tamil: Kaṭāram koṇṭāṉ ; lit. 'Conqueror of Kedah ') was emperor of the Chola Empire between 1014 and 1044 CE. He is considered the most significant ruler in early eleventh century South Asia for his role in patronising the arts, encouraging trade and expanding the Chola Empire to is greatest extent . Born in present day Thanjavur to Rajaraja I and his queen Vanavan Mahadevi, Rajendra first assumed royal power as co-regent with his father in 1012 until the later's death in 1014, after which he ascended the Chola throne in his own right. During his reign, the Chola Empire was the largest and most significant political, military, and economic force is in the Indian subcontinent, and extended its reach via trade and conquest across the Indian Ocean, making Rajendra one of only a handful of Indian monarchs to have conquered territory beyond South Asia. His early years were marked by his involvement in the Chola Army, where he fought in several campaigns against the Western Chalukyas as well as the rulers of Anuradhapura, earning him his first victories. He was also responsible for putting down rebellions in the Chera and Pandiya vassal states, and in Sri Lanka. As Emperor, he completed the conquest of Anuradhapura and brought a large portion of Sri Lanka under imperial rule. Rajendra further expanded Chola rule by defeating the kingdoms of Kalinga and Vengai, and subduing the islands of Laccadives and the Maldives, which he renamed Munnir Palantivu Pannirayiram, meaning "Twelve Thousand Islands and the Ocean Where Three Waters Meet." These islands were later used as strategic naval bases. During his Southeast Asia campaign, he annexed Srivijaya, Kedah, Tambralinga and Pegu, achieving imperial dominance during his reign and cementing the Chola's continued influence in Southeast Asia. Rajendra conducted an ongoing war of attrition against the Pala dynasty, resulting in him capturing a great deal of booty that he used to build the city of Gangaikondacholapuram, which would remain the capital of the Chola Empire and one of the great centres of trade and commerce in South Asia for several centuries. The city was remarkable for its magnificent artificial lake, extensive fortifications, including moats that surrounded the imperial palace, and the splendid Brihadisvara Temple. Rajendra was a devout man and a follower of Shaivism (a sect of Hinduism, though he was also welcoming of Buddhism and built several stupas across Southeast Asia and South India. One of the most enduring legacies of Rajendra's reign was the emergence of new forms of trade. Thanks in part due to his domination of the Strait of Malacca and several other coastal areas a commercial system called "emporia" emerged, which refers to the practice of exporting goods according to their demand. This new system made trade within the Empire considerably more profitable, creating a cyclic effect where the highly lucrative trade networks engendered a larger and more powerful military which in turn facilitated the further widening of those networks. In this, the Khmer Empire was a major ally and trading partner and helped the Cholas stretch their networks as fas as Song China - a link which allowed Rajendra to incorporate Chinese vessels into the Chola military. These massive networks also extended west, where the Cholas engaged in the spice trade with Arabia, North Africa, Anatolia, and Turkic. Rajendra was succeeded by his son Rajadhiraja I who ruled from 1044 to 1054. (en) Rajendra Chola, conosciuto anche come Rajendracola Deva (... – , 1044), è stato un re tamil, sovrano dell'impero Chola dal 1012 al 1044. Durante il suo regno estese l'influenza dell'Impero Chola dalle rive del Gange nell'India settentrionale sino allo Sri Lanka, comprendendo anche la penisola malese e l'isola di Giava, fondò inoltre la città di (nell'odierno stato indiano di Tamil Nadu) che divenne la capitale dell'impero per oltre due secoli. (it) ラージェンドラ1世（在位：1016年 - 1044年）は、南インドのタミル系王朝チョーラ朝の全盛期を築いた王。 (ja) 라젠드라 1세(타밀어: இராசேந்திர ௧)는 1014년부터 1044년까지 촐라 제국을 다스린 황제로, 촐라 제국의 제10대 황제이다. (ko) Радже́ндра Чола I (там. ராசேந்திர சோழன்) — индийский князь, наиболее могущественный среди правителей государства Чола (1014 или 1016—1044). В 1012—1014 годах был соправителем своего отца Раджараджи I. Вёл успешные войны с Западными Чалукьями, завершил завоевание Цейлона (Шри-Ланка), начатое отцом, государств Пандья и Керала, совершил морские экспедиции против государства Шривиджайя (в Малайю и на Суматру). Перенёс столицу из Танджура в (современный ). (ru) Раджендра Чола I (*முதலாம் இராசேந்திர சோழன, д/н —1044) — паракесарі (імператор) держави Чола у 1014–1044 роках, визначний політичний та військовий діяч. (uk) |
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| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Rajendra_Chola_(cropped).jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:title | Parakesari, Yuddhamalla, Mummudi, Gangai Kondan, Kadaram Kondan, Jayasimha Kula Kaalan (en) |
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| dbp:birthName | Madhurantaka (en) |
| dbp:birthPlace | Thanjavur, Chola Empire (en) |
| dbp:caption | Sculpture of Lord Chandikeswara (en) |
| dbp:corType | Emperor (en) |
| dbp:coronation | dbr:Rajaraja_I |
| dbp:dateOfBurial | End of 1044 CE (en) |
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| dbp:issue | * Rajarajan *Rajadhiraja I * Manukula Kesari * Sanga varman *Rajendra II * Rajamahendran *Virarajendra *Arulmoli Nangaiyar Piranar *Ammangadevi (en) |
| dbp:mother | Vanavan Mahadevi alias Tribhuvana Mahadevi (en) |
| dbp:name | Rajendra I (en) |
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| dbp:succession | dbr:Chola_Empire Co-Regent of the Chola Empire (en) King of Ruhuna (en) King of Dakkinadesa (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | راجندرا تشولا الأول أو غالبًا ما يوصف بأنه راجندرا العظيم كان إمبراطور مملكة تشولا في جنوب الهند الذي خلف والده راجاراجا تشولا الأول على العرش عام 1014 م. خلال فترة حكمه وسع نفوذ إمبراطورية تشولا إلى ضفاف نهر الغانج في شمال الهند وعبر المحيط الهندي إلى غرب وجنوب شرق آسيا، مما جعل إمبراطورية تشولا واحدة من أقوى الإمبراطوريات البحرية في الهند. شملت غزوات راجندرا سريلانكا وجزر المالديف وغزا بنجاح أراضي سريفيجايا في شبه جزيرة ملايو وجنوب تايلاند وسومطرة وجاوة في جنوب شرق آسيا. حصل تشولا على جزية من تايلاند ومملكة الخمير في كمبوديا، وأيضًا بناء عاصمة جديدة تسمى غانغايكوندا شولابورام. (ar) Ο Ράξενδρα Τσόλα I ή συχνά περιγράφεται ως Ράξενδρα ο Μέγας ήταν ο αυτοκράτορας στη νότια Ινδία που διαδέχθηκε τον πατέρα του, στο θρόνο το 1014 CE . Κατά τη διάρκεια της βασιλείας του επέκτεινε την επιρροή της αυτοκρατορίας Τσόλα στις όχθες του Γάγγη στη βόρεια Ινδία, στη Δυτική και Νοτιοανατολική Ασία, κάνοντας την Αυτοκρατορία Τσόλα μια από τις πιο ισχυρές αυτοκρατορίες στην Ινδία. Οι εισβολές του Ράξενδρα έγιναν στη Σρι Λάνκα και τις Μαλδίβες και κατέκτησε με επιτυχία τα εδάφη της χερσονήσου της Μαλαισίας, τη νότια Ταϊλάνδη, τη Σουμάτρα και την Ιάβα στη Νοτιοανατολική Ασία . Ο Τσόλα λάμβανε φόρο υποτέλειας από την Ταϊλάνδη και το Βασίλειο της Καμπότζης έχτισε επίσης μια νέα πρωτεύουσα που ονομάζεται Γάγγαϊκώνδα Χολαπόραμ . (el) Rajendra Chola I (bahasa Tamil: முதலாம் இராஜேந்திர சோழன்) adalah putra Rajaraja Chola I, raja Chola yang terletak di India selatan. Dia menjadi raja Chola pada tahun 1014. Selama kekuasaannya, Dia memperluas kekuasaan Chola ke tepi sungai Gangga di utara. Wilayah Rajendra mencapai Burma, Kepulauan Andaman dan Nikobar, Lakshadweep, Maladewa, menaklukan Sriwijaya (Sumatra dan Semenanjung Malaya di Asia Tenggara), dan kepulauan Pegu. Dia menaklukan , raja Pala dari Benggala dan Bihar, dan untuk mengenang kemenangannya Rajendra membangun ibu kota barunya yang disebut . Rajendra adalah raja India pertama yang membawa angkatan bersenjatanya ke luar negeri. Rajendra Chola juga membangunkan kuil untuk Siwa di . (in) Rajendra Chola, conosciuto anche come Rajendracola Deva (... – , 1044), è stato un re tamil, sovrano dell'impero Chola dal 1012 al 1044. Durante il suo regno estese l'influenza dell'Impero Chola dalle rive del Gange nell'India settentrionale sino allo Sri Lanka, comprendendo anche la penisola malese e l'isola di Giava, fondò inoltre la città di (nell'odierno stato indiano di Tamil Nadu) che divenne la capitale dell'impero per oltre due secoli. (it) ラージェンドラ1世（在位：1016年 - 1044年）は、南インドのタミル系王朝チョーラ朝の全盛期を築いた王。 (ja) 라젠드라 1세(타밀어: இராசேந்திர ௧)는 1014년부터 1044년까지 촐라 제국을 다스린 황제로, 촐라 제국의 제10대 황제이다. (ko) Радже́ндра Чола I (там. ராசேந்திர சோழன்) — индийский князь, наиболее могущественный среди правителей государства Чола (1014 или 1016—1044). В 1012—1014 годах был соправителем своего отца Раджараджи I. Вёл успешные войны с Западными Чалукьями, завершил завоевание Цейлона (Шри-Ланка), начатое отцом, государств Пандья и Керала, совершил морские экспедиции против государства Шривиджайя (в Малайю и на Суматру). Перенёс столицу из Танджура в (современный ). (ru) Раджендра Чола I (*முதலாம் இராசேந்திர சோழன, д/н —1044) — паракесарі (імператор) держави Чола у 1014–1044 роках, визначний політичний та військовий діяч. (uk) Rajendra Cola I o Rajendra I fou un rei o emperador Cola que és considerat un dels governants i generals més grans de l'Índia. Va succeir al seu pare el 1014. Durant el seu regnat, va estendre la influència dels Coles a les ribes del riu Ganges a l'Índia del nord i a través de l'oceà Índic a l'oest, fent de l'imperi Cola un dels imperis més potents de l'Índia. Les conquestes de Rajendra van incloure les illes Andaman i Nicobar, Sri Lanka, Maldives, i va envair i assaltar amb èxit els territoris de Sri Vijaya a Malàisia, Indonèsia i Tailàndia del sud al sud-est d'Àsia. El Coles van percebre tribut de Tailàndia i del regne khmer de Cambotja. Va derrotar a Mahipala, el rei Pala de Bengala i Bihar, i per commemorar la seva victòria va construir una ciutat i nova capital anomenada Gangaikon (ca) Rajendra Chola I. (tamilisch இராஜேந்திர சோழன் Irājēntira Cōḻaṉ; † 1044) war König des tamilischen Reichs der Chola. Er war der Sohn von Rajaraja I. sowie dessen Mitregent ab 1012. Im Jahre 1014 trat er die Thronfolge seines Vaters an. Während seiner Herrschaft expandierte er sein Reich bis zum Fluss Ganges im Norden und über den Golf von Bengalen. Rajendra erweiterte die Herrschaft über Birma, die Andamanen und Nikobaren, Lakshadweep, die Malediven, eroberte Srivijaya (Sumatra, Java und Malaya in Südostasien) und die Pegu-Inseln mit seiner Schiffsflotte. Er besiegte , den Pala-König von Bengalen und Bihar. Um seines Sieges zu gedenken, errichtete er eine neue Hauptstadt namens Gangaikonda Cholapuram. Tamilische Chola-Armeen forderten Tribut von Thailand und vom Khmer-Königreich von Kambods (de) Rajendra Chola I (/rəʒeɪnədrə/; Middle Tamil: Rājēntira Cōḻaṉ; Classical Sanskrit: Rājēndradēva Cōla; Old Malay: Raja Suran; c. 971 CE – 1044 CE), often referred to as Rajendra the Great, and also known as Gangaikonda Chola (Middle Tamil: Kaṅkaikoṇṭa Cōḻaṉ; lit. 'Bringer of the Ganges'), and Kadaram Kondan (Middle Tamil: Kaṭāram koṇṭāṉ ; lit. 'Conqueror of Kedah ') was emperor of the Chola Empire between 1014 and 1044 CE. He is considered the most significant ruler in early eleventh century South Asia for his role in patronising the arts, encouraging trade and expanding the Chola Empire to is greatest extent . (en) |
| rdfs:label | راجندرا تشولا الأول (ar) Rajendra Cola I (ca) Rajendra I. (de) Ράξενδρα Τσόλα I (el) Rajendra Chola I (in) Rajendra Chola I (it) 라젠드라 1세 (ko) ラージェーンドラ1世 (ja) Rajendra Chola I (en) Раджендра I (ru) Раджендра Чола I (uk) |
| rdfs:seeAlso | dbr:Bangalore dbr:List_of_Chola_Temples |
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