Central Composite Design Research Papers (original) (raw)

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- by and +1
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- Analytical Chemistry, Multivariate Statistics, Response Surface Methodology, Experimental Design
- by dursun dursun
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- Response Surface Methodology, Process biochemistry, Enzyme, Yeast Extract

During the two last decades, electrocoagulation method (EC) was the focus of many industrial applications and remains a fascinating domain of research. Most published researches concern uses in treating potable water and wastewaters to increase both the removal of dissolved and undissolved contamination. Significant achievements have been realized comprising participations to fundamental comprehension, electrode metals, working parameters, device conception, and economic aspects determinations. Despite the fact that there are several benefits mentioned through the specialized references, the EC large-scale use is not until now viewed as a recognized wastewater technique due to the absence of viable models used in designing device. The present review discusses the mechanisms involved in the EC process and opens a broad perspective on its modeling. The scientific community is near to suggest empirical/theoretical models to present the EC technology as a viable green process. However, more great efforts remain to be accomplished. Technological software developers such as COMSOL™ Multiphysics are invited to insert the EC process in their electrochemistry module to better commercialize this intensified technique and encourage its massive use through the world.

The work and study presented in this paper aims to investigate the effect of nose radius on surface roughness, in CNC turning of Aluminium (6061) in dry condition. The effect of cutting conditions (speed, feed and depth of cut) and tool geometry (nose radius) on surface roughness were studied and analysed. Design of Experiments (DOE) were conducted for the analysis of the influence of the turning parameter on the surface roughness by using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) and then followed by optimization of the results using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) to minimize surface roughness. The nose radius was identified as the most significant parameter. Surface roughness value decreased with increase in nose radius.

- by Vimal Chandra Srivastava
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- Chemical Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Iron, Chemical Analysis
- by Efren Delgado
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- Animal Production, Resistant Starch, Maize, Chemical Analysis
- by Ashutosh Singh
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- Engineering, Environmental Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Analytical Chemistry
- by devendra kumar pandey and +1
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- Traditional Medicine, Response Surface Methodology, Mathematical Model, Ethyl Acetate
- by Jiawen Wang
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- Response Surface Methodology, Food Chemistry, Multidisciplinary, Enzyme
- by Nazimah Hamid
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- Food Engineering, Food, Response Surface Methodology, Experimental Design
- by Mahesh Bule
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- Response Surface Methodology, Magnesium, Nitrogen, Potassium
- by Torbjörn Lundstedt
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- Analytical Chemistry, Chemometrics, Experimental Design, Factorial Design

With the objective of optimizing the roasting of robusta coffee (Coffea canephora Conillon), a two factor central composite design (11 samples) was used to optimise the settings for roasting time and the initial internal temperature of the roaster drum on response variables of acceptance with 25 consuming assessors, for the sensory attributes of beverage aroma, flavour and colour. Predictive models were also obtained for the instumental measurement of the colour of the beans and ground coffee. The optimum range for roasting was shown to be a time of 22–28 min at a temperature of 225–230°C, corresponding to the degree of roasting characterized by the following range of colour of roasted robusta beans: L* between 37.05 and 40.69, a* between 2.29 and 4.15 and b* between 2.70 and 6.29.

- by Luciane Mendes
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- Marketing, Prediction Model, Sensory Analysis, Food Sciences
- by Yongzhi Zhou
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- Chemical Engineering, Pharmacology, Chemistry, Physical Chemistry
- by cristina maria silva
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- Engineering, Technology, Multivariate Statistics, Chromatography
- by Wei Wan
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- Engineering, Experimental Design, Design method, Hydrogen Energy
- by Ali karimi
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- Central Composite Design

Current ethanol production processes using crops such as sugar cane and corn are well established; however, utilization of a cheaper substrate such as lignocellulose could make bioethanol more competitive with fossil fuel, without the ethical concerns associated with the use of potential food resources. The sequential configuration employed to obtain cellulosic ethanol implies that the solid fraction of pretreated lignocellulosic material undergoes hydrolysis. In this work, the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated Cistus ladanifer and Cytisus striatus was studied following an experimental design as a statistical problem solving approach. Plackett–Burman design was used in order to select the most important variables from the simultaneous study on influence of operating and reactional conditions, and central composite design to optimize the process of enzymatic hydrolysis.The optimization of enzymatic hydrolysis using the response surface methodology allowed a study on the influence of the variables (pH, temperature, cellulases concentration, polymer (PEG) concentration and incubation time) and variability due to the type of substrate (C. ladanifer and C. striatus) used. From the obtained results it can be concluded that the enzymatic hydrolysis was clearly enhanced by temperature, cellulase concentration, and incubation time. Model validation showed a good agreement between experimental results and the predicted responses.

- by Ana Duarte
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- Chemical Engineering, Technology, Production, Biochemical Engineering
- by Axa Muqddas
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- Chemical Engineering, Experimental Design, Ozone, Chemical Oxygen Demand

The pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse with lime (calcium hydroxide) is evaluated. The effect of lime pretreatment on digestibility was studied through analyses using central composite design (response surface), considering pretreatment time, temperature, and lime loading as factors. The responses evaluated were the yield of glucose from pretreated bagasse after enzymatic hydrolysis. Experiments were performed using the bagasse as it comes from an alcohol/sugar factory (non-screened bagasse) and bagasse in the size range from 0.248 to 1.397 mm (screened bagasse) (12-60 mesh). It was observed that the particle size presented influence in the release of fermentable sugars after enzymatic hydrolysis using low loading of cellulase and β-glucosidase (3.5 FPU/g dry pretreated biomass and 1.0 IU/g dry pretreated biomass, respectively).

- by Rabelo Filho Rabelo
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- Technology, Statistical Analysis, Biotechnology, Biomass
- by Luu Danh and +1
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- Chemical Engineering, Design, Optimization, Essential Oil
- by Brecht Vanlerberghe
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- High Pressure, Milk Fat, Dairy, Clinical Sciences
- by Tapani Suortti
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- Response Surface Methodology, Animal Production, Food Sciences, Whole Grain
- by Pedro Herrera-franco
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- Engineering, Composite Material, Flexural Strength, Low Temperature
- by Keat-Teong Lee
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- Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Technology, Production

Production of lactic acid from beet molasses by Lactobacillus delbrueckii NCIMB 8130 in static and shake flask fermentation was investigated. Shake flasks proved to be a better fermentation system for this purpose. Substitution of yeast extract with other low cost protein sources did not improve lactic acid production. The maximum lactic acid concentration was achieved without treatment of molasses. A Central Composite Design was employed to determine the maximum lactic acid concentration at optimum values for the process variables (sucrose, yeast extract, CaCO3). A satisfactory fit of the model was realized. Lactic acid production was significantly affected both by sucrose–yeast extract and sucrose–CaCO3 interactions, as well as by the negative quadratic effects of these variables. Sucrose and yeast extract had a linear effect on lactic acid production while the CaCO3 had no significant linear effect. The maximum lactic acid concentration (88.0 g/l) was obtained at concentrations for sucrose, yeast extract and CaCO3 of 89.93, 45.71 and 59.95 g/l, respectively.

- by George Skaracis
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- Technology, Mathematical Modelling, Biological Sciences, Yeast Extract

Botryococcus braunii has an outstanding ability to produce lipid; however, it is a slow-growing green microalgae. Statistical optimization of growth media was performed to faster growth and to increase lipid concentration. The effect of media composition on the growth of B. braunii LB572 was examined using fractional factorial design and central composite design. The media components examined include sodium carbonate, potassium phosphate, calcium chloride, magnesium sulfate, ferric citrate, and sodium nitrate. The results indicated that potassium phosphate and magnesium sulfate were major impact factors. The optimum concentrations of potassium phosphate and magnesium sulphate were found to be 0.058 and 0.09 g/L, respectively, for growth and 0.083 and 0.1 g/L, respectively, for lipid production. These values were validated using bubble column photobioreactors. Lipid productivity increased to 0.19 g/L/day in lipid-optimized media, with an average biomass productivity of 0.296 g/L/day and 64.96% w/w. In growth-optimized media, lipid productivity was 0.18 g/L/day, with an average biomass productivity of 0.304 g/L/day and 59.56% w/w.

- by Hai-Linh Tran
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- Chemical Engineering, Genetics, Bioprocess Engineering, Microalgae

A coagulation–flocculation process was used to pre-treat wastewater derived from sauce manufacturing prior to a subsequent biological treatment. A 52 full factorial experimental design and response surface methodology were employed to evaluate and optimize the coagulant and flocculant dosages and to achieve a compromise between efficiency, operational costs and the effects of a possible subsequent biological treatment. The influence of

- by iVAN Gonzalez
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- Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Water, Recycling

Calcium carbonate materials are frequently used in various industries and for diverse environmental
engineering applications, such as water and wastewater treatment and reduction of soil acidity for agriculture. In this study, optimization of microbially induced calcium carbonate micro-particle production
by Sporosarcina pasteurii ATCC 11859 was investigated with the response surface methodology (RSM).
The natural calcium carbonate precipitation reaction is largely dependent on environmental factors and
in the presence of microorganisms. Therefore, a central composite design (CCD) was employed to deter-
mine the different concentrations of urea, calcium chloride and nickel (II) nitrate to be investigated. The
experimental CCD results were applied in a quadratic model to predict the optimum concentrations of
these factors to maximize the production of calcium carbonate. The mathematical model determined
that the optimum urea, calcium chloride and nickel (II) nitrate concentrations were 42.12 g/l, 6.93 g/l, and
0.071 g/l, respectively. Under these conditions, S. pasteurii growth and the calcium carbonate precipitation
rates were 0.786 h−1 and 0.145 h−1, respectively. Also, at these optimum conditions, the urease activity was 3.4 U/ml, which was 2.5 times higher than the current calcium carbonate conditions described
in the literature. The size of the calcium carbonate particles produced ranged from 0.1 um to 10 um
in diameter.

- by Mohd Razman Salim
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- Chemical Engineering, Analytical Chemistry, Water quality, Statistical Analysis
- by Subhash Bhatia
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- Neuroscience, Renewable Energy, Methodology, Process Optimization
- by Ajay Dalai
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- Mechanical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Kinetics, Fuel
- by Furqan Wibowo
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- Algebra, Chemistry, Instructional Design, Architecture
- by Mohsen Irandoust and +1
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- Chemical Engineering, Response Surface Methodology, Activated Sludge, Biological Nutrient Removal
- by Matthias Hamburger
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- Engineering, Organic Chemistry, Free Radicals, High Pressure
- by vishnu Choudhari
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- Pharmacology, Chemistry, Response Surface Methodology, ANOVA