Institutional racism Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

The discipline of disaster studies has been hesitant to critically interrogate dual discourses of vulnerability and ‘building resilience’ in a meaningful way as it continues to dominate research and practice. This is despite deep engagement within different disciplines to offer radical reconsiderations of these discourses. I use multi-year long autoethnographic immersion into the problematic of resilience. I integrate personal experience as a White, female scholar who studies disasters, with an almost decade-long project focused on the pre-and-post Katrina context of New Orleans bounce rap. I task what it means ‘to be resilient’ and who decides when groups have reached this state. I situate an empirical challenge to metanarratives of resilience and the colonialism they suggest, and also task resilience as constructed by elites and imposed on those decided as vulnerable. This work suggests a dramatic shift away from the building resilience discourse into meaningful engagement with the institutional neglect of the colonial present that fosters disaster in the first place.

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- Critical Theory, Resilience, Autoethnography, Institutional racism

This article is a very short guide to navigating institutional racism within universities. Focal points of this piece are how institutional racism works, how it can be diagnosed, and how one can invent ways to survive it. The first section of this article is an overall analysis of how institutional racism is set up, particularly in the humanities and arts departments of North American universities. The second section is a step-by-step guide to surviving institutional racism in the university, and particularly in graduate programs. This article is distilled through and explained by first-hand experiences and observations and is written both to archive the structure and affect of the current atmosphere of institutional racism and to document and propose some strategies of awareness and resistance.

- by Deniz Başar
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- Theatre Education, Canada, University, Institutional racism
- by Glaydson J Silva and +1
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- Racial and Ethnic Politics, Social Identity, Critical Race Studies, Race and Racism

To have a different set of educational standards for those who begin as second-class citizens is to condemn those youth to permanent second class status. My recent work, "Educational Standards: How to learn from Black Lives Matter and Covid-19 as we reopen schools" resulted in a flurry interesting comment, causing me to question an axiom that I was taught, but to my detriment did not always abide: Did you ever get in trouble for something you chose not to say? For some reason, the comments on the work were addressed to areas that were not mentioned or included in the text. Comments on policy came from friends at the university level, district leaders and principals were concerned about inequities in funding, teachers wanted to talk teacher quality, and everyone wanted a discussion of the value America places on education. So, let us attempt to give voice to several of the important comments.

- by Bruce Katz
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- Institutional racism, Inequality, Educational Standards

Convocation Address at Bethel University, August 29, 2016 about recent troubles in Minnesota, particularly the shooting of Philando Castille, and our responsibility as followers of the Gospel. There is an audio link also available. After you click the link, it's the first one in the queue; fast-forward to 15:00: https://itunes.apple.com/us/itunes-u/2016-2017-chapel-college-arts/id1148681753?mt=10

- by Aaron Winter
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- Criminology, Criminal Justice, Sociology of Crime and Deviance, Race and Racism

My story on how one experienced Racism, Discrimination in Université Libre de Brussels. Hate continues because we stay quiet, shy away from denoucing it, speaking it or being compromised. Racism and hate or discrimination should never be condoned or tolerated, this paper narrate the ordeal i went through and an updated version will be posted. what one never think of, is now happening and the whole world should know this.

In early April 2016, Attawapiskat First Nation declared a state of emergency when 11 young people tried to kill themselves in one day alone. The response from the state was to send in crisis workers. As I write, occupations and protests have erupted across Canada to draw attention not only to youth suicides in First Nations communities, but also to the state’s response to them. As protests continue, the state’s reactions to these situations raise alarming questions about its relationship with Indigenous peoples. On April 10, Justin Trudeau tweeted, “The news from Attawapiskat is heartbreaking. We’ll continue to work to improve living conditions for all Indigenous peoples.” We, the state, will work to improve living conditions for all of you, Indigenous peoples. Taking a page out of an old paternal script, the state sees itself as the champion that can deliver improvement – and, in doing so, it erases its own direct role in inflicting the ravages of structural violence in the long history of this settler state. Against this backdrop, Sherene Razack’s Dying from Improvement is a critical intervention, as it provides an analysis of the banality of settler-state violence framed through narratives of improvement and inquiry….

- by Michelle Stewart
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- Race and Racism, Colonialism, Critical Criminology, History of Canada
- by Alberto G Urquidez
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- Race and Racism, Racism, Wittgenstein, Later Wittgenstein

This timely and essential report interrogates the
nature and extent of racism against people
of African descent in Ireland. It is the first
of a series of thematic reports published
by ENAR Ireland using data from the
iReport.ie racist incident reporting system.
Neighbourhood harassment, violence,
abuse and discrimination in the public and
private sectors are each explored to help
understand the key challenges today for
Irish government and society

- by Lucy Michael
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- Race and Racism, Sociology of Migration, Ireland, Institutional racism

Social movement scholars have described activist burnout-when the stressors of activism become so overwhelming they debilitate activists' abilities to remain engaged-as a formidable threat to the sustainability of social movements. However, studies designed to map the causes of burnout have failed to account for ways burnout might operate differently for privileged-identity activists such as white antiracism activists and marginalized-identity activists such as antiracism activists of color. Building on previous studies of activist burnout in racial justice activists and examinations of the roles of white activists in antiracism movements, this study represents one attempt to fill this gap. We analyzed data from interviews with racial justice activists of color in the United States who have experienced burnout to identify the ways they attributed their burnout to the attitudes and behaviors-the racism-of white activists. These included (1) harboring unevolved or racist views, (2) undermining or invalidating the racial justice work of activists of color, (3) being unwilling to step up and take action when needed,

- by Paul Gorski and +1
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- Social Movements, Critical Race Studies, Race and Racism, Critical Race Theory
- by Renita Seabrook
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- Sociology, Public Management, Race and Racism, Critical Race Theory

In two studies, this thesis depicts the relationship between minority group status in the United States, perceived discrimination, and coping with stress. Past literature on coping and its types – problem-focused versus emotion-focused – is inconsistent in terms of differences between minority status groups and majority groups. It remains unknown whether or why Black Americans and lesbian or gay Americans may demonstrate coping patterns that differ from White Americans and heterosexual Americans, respectively. What is altogether absent from the literature is the possible mediating factor of perceived discrimination experienced by these minority groups. That is, differences in internal, stable coping processes that manage stress may have been molded by one’s experience with discrimination. Study 1 examines the relationship between race (Black versus White) and coping, mediated by perceived discrimination. Study 2 examines the relationship between sexual orientation (lesbian or gay versus heterosexual) and coping, mediated by perceived discrimination. Both studies confirm the thesis that minority group members exhibit maladaptive, emotion-focused coping more than majority group
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members – but that this difference is explained by the minority group members’ perceived discrimination. Historical and political relevance, social implications, and possible limitations in design and interpretation are discussed.

- by Christa Vassillière
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- Psychology, Clinical Psychology, Psychological Assessment, Social Psychology

This research tackles the interaction between police and racial inequality. More specifically, it dwells on how democratic policing manifests itself in racially unequal societies. After assessing the existence of racial inequalities regarding the access to rights to life and safety, one wonders how this racial bias is produced and reproduced. To this effect, a review of the national literature on police violence and excessive use of force by
police is performed. We observe the development and consolidation of researches associating race to police brutality outcomes. We investigate the coinage of the term racial profiling, drawing on similarities and specificities of its use in Brazil and in the United States. In Brazil, we verify that researches on racial profiling focus either on accessible statistical data (regarding arrests by flagrante delicto and police use of lethal
force) or social representations that guide police practices and their process of suspicion. The second class of researches indicates an abstract institutional discourse in which racialization scarcely appears (generally in order to deny race) and emphasizes the importance of police agents' subjective constructions in materializing a race-biased conduct. Thus, our field research was guided by the question: in what ways the training provided by the Superior School of Military Police Soldiers of São Paulo state, in the city of São Paulo, influences race relations between police officers and citizens? The results confirm the literature directions that the institution curtails itself before themes such as racial inequality and racial discrimination by the police. It communicates abstracts
categories to be filled with representations – previous and post-training – of the suspect and the criminal. The self-conferred role of the Military Police dismiss its educational attribute in favor of an assimilationist perspective of knowledge, in which there is no space for reflexive analysis, only for body conditioning to automatic and intuitive responses.

We often hear claims made about sport’s special status as a meritocratic ‘level playing field’, where sporting success is seen to be directly related to talent, and where discrimination and social inequalities can be dissolved through the cohesive power of sport. This is perhaps particularly relevant when it comes to ideas of ‘race’ and racism (Long 2000, St Louis 2004), where sport is often regarded as having some ‘inherent property that makes it a possible instrument of integration’ (Jarvie and Reid 1997: 211). These types of egalitarian ideologies that are embedded in sporting structures and cultures - in the UK at least – might suggest sport organisations would warmly embrace the principles of race equality. Indeed, high-profile and well supported anti-racism campaigns such as ‘Kick It Out’ in English Football point to something of a general consensus within British sport around the need to challenge racism and tackle inequalities associated with ideas of ‘race’ – both in sport itself (in terms of the diversity of its participants and representatives), and in wider society through sport (in contributing to wider community development, social inclusion and cohesion). There are a number of reasons why we should treat this anti-racist ‘consensus’ in sport sceptically, not least because the evidence around ethnic minority participation in sport in the UK and beyond indicate that ideas of ‘race’ have both a long-standing and on-going mediating influence on people’s involvement in sport – not only in terms of actual participation, but representation in the whole raft of positions in sport; be it officials, coaches, managers, volunteers, board members or administrators (see Long et al 2009). While there are obvious examples of ethnic minority achievement in sports across the world, the broader trends indicate the continued presence of racialised inequalities in sport. In this chapter I want try to address some of the reasons why race equality policies in UK sport seem to have limited impact since their formation. Elsewhere (Lusted 2009, Lusted & O’Gorman 2010, Lusted 2011) I have focused particularly on the structural and cultural conditions of English grass-roots football governance organisations that, I have suggested, do not lend themselves easily to embracing what are relatively ‘new’ race equality policies. I will take a slightly different approach here by exploring the ways in which these policies have been ‘sold’ to sports organisations – particularly national and local governing bodies. What factors have encouraged the formation of such policies at this particular moment? Why do sport organisations feel it necessary to engage with race equality when, for the majority of their histories, there is little evidence of any formal commitment to such ideals? It is important to understand the various mechanisms that have caused the rather sudden uptake of race equality policies among sport organisations because they can help indicate the underlying motivation behind such policy formation. As I will show, the mechanisms behind the adoption of race equality policies can differ quite considerably and are likely to help us predict the extent to which organisations will meaningfully engage with such policy aims and embed their principles into sport. Moreover, the chapter should be of interest to sport managers who are increasingly tasked with implementing race equality policies and initiatives – often with a range of targets associated with future funding contracts. A better understanding of the underlying motivation of an organisation in adopting race equality policies might help sport managers to implement changes that go further than the very basic rhetorical commitment to race equality that characterises many sport organisations in the UK.

- by Jim Lusted
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- Race and Ethnicity, Equality, Sport Policy, Institutional racism

The number of black and minority ethnic (BME) managers in English professional association football, or soccer, has been stable for nearly ten years: there are usually between two and four (out of a possible ninety two). Yet black players regularly make up more than a quarter of professional club squads. The reasons for this apparent under-representation are explored among 1,000 football fans, including players and explayers, both white and BME. Opinions were solicited via an online research platform www.topfan.co.uk, designed and executed by the authors. The findings indicate 56 per cent of respondents believe racism operates at the executive levels of football, i.e. the boardroom.While some accuse club owners and directors of deliberate discrimination, most suspect a form of unwitting or institutional racism in which assumptions about black people’s capacities are not analysed and challenged and so continue to circulate. Among the possible remedies to this is the American
National Football League’s Rooney Rule, which mandates BME candidates’ inclusion on shortlists for senior coaching positions. A third of participants in the research approved of this type of initiative.While black managers are scarce when compared to the number of black players in professional football, their presence is actually an accurate reflection of their number in the total British population. So is the dearth of black managers an under-representation?

- by Jamie Cleland
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- Sociology, Cultural Studies, Sociology of Sport, Cultural Sociology

While there have been ongoing discussions on gender in German tertiary institutions (though restricted to issues of gender mainstreaming), the engagement with structural racism in their administration, teaching and recruitment practices is still absent. Likewise, class relations which tend to not be subsumed under labels such as "equity" or "diversity" have continued to characterise the German tertiary education sector, despite the reforms in the 1970s. What are the correlations between the (lacking) engagement with racism and debates on gender and class? What are the effects of the increasingly competitive regulation of universities regarding specific power formations and democratic processes? And which practical coping strategies and forms of political intervention can be developed from different positions of marginalisation? These and other questions were put to a round table of five scholars by Jan Hutta, a member of the editorial team of sub/urban, a German journal for critical urban studies. All participants have conducted research on the various facets of race, class and gender relations in tertiary institutions in Germany (and beyond). Encarnación Gutiérrez Rodríguez, Kien Nghi Ha, Emily Ngubia Kessé, Mike Laufenberg and Lars Schmitt have all experienced these power relations in their respective biographical and work-related contexts and have issued several publications1 on these aspects, serving as an ideal point of departure for this exchange. The conversation took place on an online pad over the period of one month after an opening question was posed to all participants. At several stages during the conversation, different conversation strands emerged, and the conversation soon took on a complex non-linear course that has been edited for structure and coherence. During this process, it became clear that the conversations that began at this round table needed to be continued. The following conversation has been slightly abridged.

- by Encarnacion Gutierrez Rodriguez and +2
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- Gender and Race, Intersectionality and Social Inequality, Race, Class, and Gender, Institutional racism

When someone speaks but is not heard because of their accent, or their sex, or the colour of their skin, they suffer a distinctive form of injustice—they are undermined as a knower. This kind of injustice, which I call testimonial injustice, is not only an ethical problem but also a political one; for citizens are not free unless they get a fair hearing when they try to contest wrongful treatment. I shall argue that not only individuals but also public institutions need to have the virtue of testimonial justice. If our police, our juries, our complaints panels lack that virtue, then some groups cannot contest. And if you can't do that, you do not have political freedom. Silence and Institutional Prejudice Let me begin where I shall end: with the concept of silence. There are many kinds of silence; but at the most general level, we might say that silence has two aspects—a positive and a negative. In the negative aspect, there is the imposed silence of those who are in some way prevented from making their voices heard. This kind of silence is normally effected by way of an injustice. In the positive aspect, there is the active, attentive silence of those who are listening, perhaps trying to make out a voice that is seldom heard. This kind of silence belongs with a moral attitude of attention to others—an openness to who they are and what they have to say. Most of what I want to discuss in this paper can be brought under one or other of these aspects of silence.

- by Miranda Fricker
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- Feminist Philosophy, Institutional racism, Freedom, Domination

Master thesis about the perceptions of multilingual students at Ghent University. This paper investigates whether the students valorize their multilingualism positively or negatively, whether they experience difficulties with the... more

A far-ranging review of a new book for young readers on how to get involved in and build a real movement, here & now, to transform awareness and take local action hands- and hearts-on as active agents in confronting climate change: a transformation eco-agenda: Naomi Klein, HOW TO CHANGE EVERYTHING. The Young Human’s Guide to Protecting the Planet and Each Other. With Rebecca Stefoff. New York: Atheneum Books for Young Readers. Simon & Schuster Children’s Publishing Division 2021. Written by Canadian-born, US social activist and public intellectual Naomi Klein, it is meant for young readers still in school, esp. tweens and teens (and their teachers). It is loaded with information and stimuli to take practical action to stem climate change, and also to change various aspects of our grossly unequal society and economy.

- by Bill Templer
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- Green Economics, Environmental Education, Alternative Education, Climate Change

Tal como la novela “Matar a un Ruiseñor” que evidencia las divisiones e injusticias raciales en Estados Unidos durante la época de los '30, hoy en pleno siglo XXI evidenciamos un racismo amoral, evidenciado en actos rutinarios producidos... more

- by Pedro A. Palma Calorio and +1
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- Geography, Migration, Racismo, Geografia

The portrayal of Hispanics in American film and television has focused traditionally on negative stereotypes of the worst values and traditions of the Spanish-speaking communities in the country, with a racist and prejudiced misrepresented focus, a sample of the superficiality and hatred by some in the media industry. Recent examples show that our theory is not so far from reality as we all do want.

- by Dr. Pedro A González Jr MJ MAC
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- Latino/A Studies, Race and Racism, Latino students, Racism

This book is an essential primer to elicit discussion about the systemic race issues in society that affect a great number of people. Because of this, I would recommend this book to anyone who wants information regarding the social... more

This book is an essential primer to elicit discussion
about the systemic race issues in society that affect a
great number of people. Because of this, I would
recommend this book to anyone who wants
information regarding the social invisibility and
denigration of people often overlooked.

- by S.R. Toliver
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- Book Reviews, Institutional racism, Trayvon Martin, Systemic Racism

In the late 1930s, the Federal Housing Administration (FHA) used a process called redlining to section off districts in an attempt to signal the level of risk to lenders. Consequently, lenders felt justified in turning away non-white borrowers, effectively leading to segregated communities. This practice carried on through the mid-1960s, after which some communities underwent socio-demographic transformations due to gentrification, urban renewal, and deindustrialization, amongst other things. This paper analyzes the current demographic trends in Boston, Detroit, and Los Angeles to determine to what extent the resulting segregation from redlining practices has persisted. Redlining and census data from 1930 and 2020 were obtained and analyzed in order to compare the racial demographics over time. White vs. non-white population in redline districts in 1930 versus 2020 were compared in each of these cities. Whereas percent change between white majority and non-white minority provides a demographic trend over time, a local spatial autocorrelation (LISA) analysis helped to identify dense areas of minority population. Lastly, the index dissimilarity, interaction, and isolation were used to better expose persistent levels of segregation. This research provides one example of how historical GIS analysis can be done using diverse datasets to show spatio-temporal patterns of importance to ongoing issues of social justice and inequality.

- by Chris Lukinbeal
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- Cultural Geography, Social Geography, Urban Geography, Race and Racism

In my 20 years of experience working with schools and school districts on matters of equity and justice, I’ve found that most initiatives that pass for “racial equity” in schools pose less of a threat to racism than to the possibility of racial justice. Following Olsson’s (1997) accounting of detours white people follow to protect privilege and avoid the messy work of racial justice, I call these initiatives and strategies "equity detours." In this article I describe four common racial equity detours and then I offer some basic principles for guiding effective, transformative racial equity work in schools.

The fight against institutional communalism in India alerts us to a challenge bigger than merely inflicting electoral defeats on Hindu communal parties and organisations. Even if such parties are defeated electorally, institutional Hindu communalism remains pervasive in varying degrees in India’s Constitution, judiciary, civil services, electoral and parliamentary institutions, security forces, prisons, academia, media, corporate business, and even non-governmental organisations, it will continue as a social, cultural and
politico-economic force to disadvantage the lives of minority communities in India.

- by Pritam Singh
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- Hinduism, Political Philosophy, Political Theory, Indian studies

This study will comprehensively analyze the article “Using Racial and Ethnic Concepts: The critical case of very young children” by Debra Van Ausdale and Joe R. Feagin from the journal of American Sociological Review (1996). From this perspective, it should be necessary and efficient if we start our examination with the short summary of this paper.

- by Parviz Miralamli
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- Sociology, Social Sciences, Race and Racism, Race and Ethnicity

The present paper approaches the problematic of contemporary racism, which is further on a theme of major interest in human and social sciences. The focus is put on the present conceptualizations of racism in sociology and on theoretical approaches in this respect. Different meanings of ‘racism’ are delimited, from the narrow to extensive definitions, and the concepts of ‘cultural/ differential racism’ and ‘institutional racism’ are examined in-depth. The research questions deal with the relationship between the concepts of ‘race’ and ‘racism’, with the role of the processes of essentialization, reductionsm and absolutization in the racist thinking, as well as with the dilemma regarding the essence of the cultural racism: is it a different phenomenon, or another manifestation of the same ‘biological/ classical racism’? Furthermore, aspects about a change of the racism paradigm, which emerged along with the new conceptualization of the contemporary racism, namely ‘institutional racism’, are brought into discussion.

- by Simona Rodat
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- Race and Racism, Race and Ethnicity, Racism, Institutional racism

Somalia is generally thought of as a homogenous society, with a common Arabic ancestry, a shared culture of nomadism and one Somali mother tongue. This study challenges this myth. Using the Jareer/Bantu as a case study, the book shows how the Negroid physical features of this ethnic group has become the basis for ethnic marginalization, stigma, social exclusion and apartheid in Somalia. The book is another contribution to the recent deconstruction of the perceived Somali homogeneity and self-same assertions. It argues that the Somalis, just like most societies, employ multiple levels of social and ethnic distinctions, one of which is the Jareer versus Jileec divide. Dr. Eno successfully portrays another Somalia, in which a mythical homogeneity masks the oppression and social exclusion suffered by some ethnic groups in the country

- by Mohamed A Eno
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- Religion, Modern History, Ethnohistory, Sociology

This conceptual article utilizes critical race theory (CRT) to explain how
everyday forms of racism – racial microaggressions – emerge in the
everyday experiences of People of Color. We provide a framework for
understanding and analyzing racial microaggressions that demonstrates
how everyday racist events are systemically mediated by institutionalized
racism (i.e. structures and processes), and guided by ideologies of
white supremacy that justify the superiority of a dominant group
(whites) over non-dominant groups (People of Color). To demonstrate
the conceptual utility of the framework, we utilize historical and contemporary
examples of racial micoraggressions, and offer varied ways to
use the framework in critical race research. We argue racial microaggressions
can be a powerful ‘tool’ for identifying, disrupting, and dismantling
the racism that marginalizes, subordinates and excludes People
of Color in and outside of education.

- by Lindsay Pérez Huber and +1
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- Critical Race Theory, White Supremacy, Institutional racism, Racial Microaggressions

Ce mémoire consiste en une étude de cas étendue sur le processus de renouvellement de l'exposition permanente au Musée de la Civilisation à Québec C'est notre histoire : Premières Nations et Inuit du XXI siècle (2013 – en cours). Les travaux ont entre autres mobilisé un vaste terrain de consultation à travers les communautés autochtones au Québec et enclenché la mise sur pied d'un comité scientifique, d'une assemblée consultative et d'un partenariat privilégié avec l'organisme autochtone la Boîte rouge vif. L'initiative du musée a été célébrée dans le monde muséal à titre d'exemple abouti de nouvelle muséologie communautaire et de décolonisation dans les musées. Mais est-ce que ce complexe processus d'élaboration a réellement participé à la réparation nécessaire des rapports historiques de domination dans une société issue du colonialisme de peuplement? À l'aide d'une contextualisation approfondie des dynamiques coloniales de l'histoire des musées, cette recherche se penche sur les rapports de pouvoir coloniaux structurels dans le champ des arts. Elle permet un pont académique entre le nouveau champ d'études du colonialisme de peuplement et le contexte spécifique du Québec. La méthodologie interdisciplinaire, issue des approches critiques et décoloniales, a favorisé l'utilisation de données qualitatives au moyen d'entretiens de groupe et individuels avec des personnes ayant participé au processus à divers niveaux d'implication. L'étude de cas permet de constater que les dynamiques coloniales sont toujours à l'œuvre dans les institutions comme le Musée de la civilisation, et que les changements structurels espérés et annoncés ne se sont pas complètement achevés.

- by Laurence Desmarais
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- Museum Studies, Museums and Identity, Quebec, Settler Colonial Studies

Listening to the podcast one is left with a sense of disbelief: how is it possible that a letter widely considered to be fraudulent, which emerged in the context of local discontent in schools, could not only lead to a witch hunt against... more

- by Fahid Qurashi
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- Race and Racism, Political Extremism/Radicalism/Populism, Racism, Muslims in Europe

Although scholars of Somali Studies have engaged themselves in examining the Somali society from several perspectives, colonial and early Somali writers mainly observed the Somali people as homogenous, egalitarian and nomadic pastoral. Themes on multi-ethnicity, multiculturalism, and linguistic diversity were ignored as topics that sully the myth of the selfsame ideology colorfully embroidered in the official historiography. The notion also deluded pioneering Somali scholars from critically studying their people and analyzing colonial writing; at least not beyond the western scholars' knowledge boundary. Accordingly, the Horn of Africa was exemplified as a unique African nation where citizens enjoy equality and share an all-in-one identity: culturally, ethnically, historically, and linguistically. Contrary to that notion, though, the everyday social situation makes the primordial ideology of selfsameness unsustainable. To establish the evidence, this essay discusses about how the Bantu Jareer agrarian community, a section among the different groups of subalterns in the country, views its environment and social space within the boundary of deeply offensive segregation by an extremely suppressive Somali society.

- by Mohamed A Eno
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- Critical Theory, Discourse Analysis, History, Cultural History

Contemporary approaches to integrating "self" and the "other"—such as multiculturalism, cultural diversity, race relations, inclusiveness strategies, or identity politics—are flawed from the perspective of traditional thought. At their core, modernist ideologies are inimical to and destructive of all human diversity. The new face of antipathy to pluralism is becoming more deceptive as it grows less focused on respecting diversity and more on promoting ideological uniformity and the erection of a global monoculture. This essay argues that it is from a metaphysical perspective that human diversity can be fully understood and can seek to reconcile the dichotomy of "self" and the "other".

- by Samuel Bendeck Sotillos
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- Religion, Buddhism, Native American Religions, Comparative Religion

This manuscript examines structural racism through a socio-historical context of institutional oppression and its effects on modern society. The epistemological framework of intersectionality is used to focus on the overlap of oppression, structural racism, and implicit bias evident in the stereotypes and perceptions of the African American male population in the United States. Four eras of socio-historical significance are addressed: 1. Foundations of Racial Oppression; 2. Racism: Reconstruction and Jim Crow; 3. Renewal: Civil Rights and Civil Disobedience; 3. Reckoning: Embedded Racism and the Criminal Justice System.

- by Heather Wyatt-Nichol
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- Race and Racism, Critical Race Theory, Police Reform, Institutional racism

Racism is an anathema to a just society. Overt expressions of personal racism are frowned upon in ‘nice’ homes, at progressive boardroom tables, in liberal churches, in the critical classrooms of universities, and in the many places privileged people meet. Institutional(ised) racism however, has yet to attract such widespread recognition and a similar public discouragement. We are aware of, and engaged with, many expressions of such racism in Aotearoa, a country re-named as New Zealand by the colonisers. In this paper we focus on how institutional racism manifests within public health policies and funding practices in this country distilled into a handy napkin sized conversation starter. We see the moral integrity of managers as a necessary conduit to institutional and therefore social transformation. We urge their responsible actions in their corporate citizenship in seeking innovations that wipe out institutional(ised) racism and embed practices that are just for all.

- by Heather Came and +1
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- Critical Management Studies, Institutional racism, New Zealand

"Tratando a questão racial no melhor modelo Du Bois e Guerreiro Ramos (como negro-vida!), Juliana Streva complexifica, historiciza, situa os processos de objetificação dos corpos negros e demonstra como fomos atravessados pelo projeto... more

- by juliana m. streva
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- Race and Racism, Brazilian Studies, Colonialism, Brazil
- by Glaydson J Silva and +2
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- Racial and Ethnic Politics, Race and Racism, Ethnic and Racial Studies, Antisemitism/Racisms