Zambia (original) (raw)

Description: The results of LA-ICP-MS showed that Kamakanga emeralds from Zambia had stable and high contents of alkali metals (Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs) in the range of 15,120 to 20,407 ppmw (avg. 17,592 ppmw). The alkali metal concentrations, from highest to lowest, were Na, Cs, Li, K, and Rb. The Na contents ranged from 12,343 to 23,517 ppmw (avg. 15,981 ppmw); the Cs contents ranged from 626 to 2724 ppmw (avg. 1331 ppmw); the Li contents ranged from 301 to 843 ppmw (avg. 485 ppmw); the K contents ranged from 119 to 573 ppmw (avg. 369 ppmw); and the Rb contents ranged from 21 to 248 ppmw (avg. 68 ppmw). Chromophore Cr, V, and Fe contents, respectively, ranged from 76 to 2934 ppmw (avg. 1435 ppmw), 78 to 183 ppmw (avg. 128 ppmw), and 5136 to 11,320 ppmw (avg. 8556 ppmw). The concentration of Cr was much higher than that of V and the Cr/V ratio was highly variable, ranging from 0.70 to 34.35. In addition, Zambian Kamakanga emeralds had high contents of Cs (avg. 1331 ppmw), Fe (avg. 8556 ppmw), and Li (avg. 485 ppmw).[[1]]

ⓘ Beudantite ?

Formula: PbFe3(AsO4)(SO4)(OH)6

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2

Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.

ⓘ Bornite

Formula: Cu5FeS4

Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.

ⓘ Brannerite

Formula: UTi2O6

Localities:

Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Nkana Mine, Kitwe, Kitwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Mindola pit, Nkana Mine, Kitwe, Kitwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ Braunite

Formula: Mn2+Mn3+6(SiO4)O8

ⓘ Briartite

Formula: Cu2(Fe,Zn)GeS4

References:

ⓘ Brochantite

Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6

ⓘ Brookite

Formula: TiO2

References:

Zwaan, J.C., Seifert, A.V., Vrana, S., Laurs, B.M., Anckar, B., Simmons, WB., Falster, A.U., Lustenhouwer, W.J., Muhlmeister, S., Koivula, J.I., Garcia-Guillerminet, H. (2005) Emeralds from the Kafubu area, Zambia. Gems and Gemology 41, 116-148.

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO3

Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.

ⓘ Calcite var. Iron-bearing Calcite

Formula: (Ca,Fe)CO3

ⓘ Carrollite

Formula: CuCo2S4

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Cerussite

Formula: PbCO3

References:

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

ⓘ Chalcocite

Formula: Cu2S

Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS2

Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Chevkinite Group'

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4

ⓘ Chrysoberyl

Formula: BeAl2O4

ⓘ Chrysocolla

Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Chrysotile

Formula: Mg3(Si2O5)(OH)4

References:

ⓘ Claringbullite (TL)

Formula: Cu4ClF(OH)6

Type Locality:

ⓘ 'Clay minerals'

ⓘ Clinochlore

Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8

Localities:

Kanonaite type locality, Kanona, Chitambo District, Central Province, Zambia
Lusakite occurrence, Rufunsa District, Lusaka Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Kagem Emerald Mine, Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ Clinochlore var. Pennine

Formula: Mg5Al(AlSi3O10)(OH)8

ⓘ Clinochlore var. Talc-chlorite

References:

Gao, Ran, Chen, Quanli, Li, Yan, Huang, Huizhen (2023) Update on Emeralds from Kagem Mine, Kafubu Area, Zambia. Minerals, 13 (10) doi:10.3390/min13101260

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

References:

Blanks, Daryl E., Holwell, David A., Barnes, Stephen J., Schoneveld, Louise E., Boyce, Adrian J., Mbiri, Laston (2022) Evolution of the Munali Intrusive Complex: Host to a carbonate-rich Ni-(Cu-PGE) sulfide deposit. Ore Geology Reviews, 150. 105109 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2022.105109

ⓘ Cobaltite

Formula: CoAsS

ⓘ Cobaltpentlandite

Formula: Co9S8

ⓘ Coffinite

Formula: U(SiO4) · nH2O

Localities:

Nkana Mine, Kitwe, Kitwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Mindola pit, Nkana Mine, Kitwe, Kitwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Dibwe East, Mutanga uranium project, Siavonga District, Southern Province, Zambia

ⓘ Columbite-(Mn)

Formula: Mn2+Nb2O6

ⓘ Copper

Formula: Cu

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Cordierite

Formula: (Mg,Fe)2Al3(AlSi5O18)

ⓘ Corkite

Formula: PbFe3(PO4)(SO4)(OH)6

ⓘ Cornetite

Formula: Cu3(PO4)(OH)3

ⓘ Coronadite

Formula: Pb(Mn4+6Mn3+2)O16

ⓘ Covellite

Formula: CuS

Localities:

Konkola Mine, Chililabombwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Luamata, Mwinilunga District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Kabwe Mine, Kabwe, Kabwe District, Central Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia

ⓘ Cronstedtite

Formula: Fe2+2Fe3+((Si,Fe3+)2O5)(OH)4

ⓘ Cummingtonite

Formula: ◻{Mg2}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(OH)2

ⓘ Cuprite

Formula: Cu2O

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Cuprite var. Chalcotrichite

Formula: Cu2O

ⓘ Daqingshanite-(Ce)

Formula: (Sr,Ca,Ba)3(Ce,La)(CO3)3-x(PO4)(OH,F)2x

✪ 'Davidite'

Habit: Blocky

Colour: Black

ⓘ Davidite-(La)

Formula: La(Y,U)Fe2(Ti,Fe,Cr,V)18(O,OH,F)38

ⓘ Descloizite

Formula: PbZn(VO4)(OH)

ⓘ Diamond

Formula: C

ⓘ Digenite

Formula: Cu9S5

Localities:

Luamata, Mwinilunga District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Nkana Mine, Kitwe, Kitwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Konkola Mine, Chililabombwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi2O6

ⓘ Dioptase

Formula: CuSiO3 · H2O

Description: Raman confirmed.

ⓘ Djurleite

Formula: Cu31S16

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO3)2

Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.

ⓘ Dolomite var. Iron-bearing Dolomite

Formula: Ca(Mg,Fe)(CO3)2

ⓘ Dravite

Formula: NaMg3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)

Localities:

Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Kampanda, Kaminguli River area, Mwinilunga District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia

ⓘ Drysdallite (TL)

Formula: MoSe2

Type Locality:

ⓘ Elbaite

Formula: Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)

Localities:

Jagoda Mine, Mkushi Pegmatite Region, Mkushi, Mkushi District, Central Province, Zambia
Canary, Lumezi District, Eastern Province, Zambia
Lundazi District, Eastern Province, Zambia

ⓘ 'Ellestadite'

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Description: Olivine composition (Fa25) characteristic of the L-group ordinary chondrites.

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

Localities:

Sentinel deposit, Kalumbila District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Chimiwungo deposit, Lumwana Copper Project, Kalumbila District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Kagem Emerald Mine, Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ Fluorapatite

Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F

Localities:

Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Kabwe Mine, Kabwe, Kabwe District, Central Province, Zambia
Kamakanga Mine, Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ 'Fluor-buergerite-Dravite Series'

References:

Grew, Edward S., Pertsev, Nikolai N., Vrána, Stanislav, Yates, Martin G., Shearer, Charles K., Wiedenbeck, Michael (1998) Kornerupine parageneses in whiteschists and other magnesian rocks: is kornerupine + talc a high-pressure assemblage equivalent to tourmaline + orthoamphibole?. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 131 (1) 22-38 doi:10.1007/s004100050376

ⓘ Fluor-elbaite

Formula: Na(Li1.5Al1.5)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3F

Description: In “fluor-elbaite”, the fluorine ranges from 0.344 to 0.614 apfu F (Simmons et al 2011)

ⓘ Fluorellestadite

Formula: Ca5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5F

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF2

ⓘ Fluorstrophite

Formula: SrCaSr3(PO4)3F

ⓘ 'Fluor-uvite-Uvite Series'

Description: Green "trapiche" habit. Vanadium-bearing.

ⓘ Foitite

Formula: ◻(Fe2+2Al)Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)

ⓘ Forsterite

Formula: Mg2SiO4

References:

ⓘ Franklinite

Formula: Zn2+Fe3+2O4

ⓘ Gahnite

Formula: ZnAl2O4

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3

Localities:

Sentinel deposit, Kalumbila District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Chimwala, Chipangali District, Eastern Province, Zambia
Semahwa prospect, Choma, Choma District, Southern Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Sangu garnet deposit, Muchinga Province, Zambia

ⓘ Geerite

Formula: Cu8S5

ⓘ Genthelvite

Formula: Be3Zn4(SiO4)3S

ⓘ 'Glauconite'

Formula: K0.60-0.85(Fe3+,Mg,Al)2(Si,Al)4O10](OH)2

References:

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Gold

Formula: Au

References:

Kampunzu, A.B., Cailteux, J.L.H., Kamona, A.F., Intiomale, M.M., Melcher, F. (2009) Sediment-hosted Zn–Pb–Cu deposits in the Central African Copperbelt. Ore Geology Reviews, 35 (3) 263-297 doi:10.1016/j.oregeorev.2009.02.003

ⓘ Goslarite

Formula: ZnSO4 · 7H2O

ⓘ Graphite

Formula: C

Localities:

Sentinel deposit, Kalumbila District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Kavungu Mine, Jivunda, Mwinilunga District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Kagem Emerald Mine, Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ Grunerite

Formula: ◻{Fe2+2}{Fe2+5}(Si8O22)(OH)2

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O

Localities:

Kabwe Mine, Kabwe, Kabwe District, Central Province, Zambia
Mufulira Mine, Mufulira, Mufulira District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia

ⓘ Halite

Formula: NaCl

References:

Van Ranst, E., Shitumbanuma, V., Tembo, F., Mees, F. (2008) Soil salinization and dental fluorosis as a result of water use in Zambia. Bulletin Des Séances, Academie Royale Des Sciences D'Outre-Mer Mededelingen Der Zittingen, Koninklijke Academie Voor Overzeese Wetenschappen, 53 (4), 431-446.

ⓘ Hastingsite

Formula: NaCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2

ⓘ Hejtmanite (TL)

Formula: Ba2Mn2+4Ti2(Si2O7)2O2(OH)2F2

Type Locality:

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe2O3

Localities: Reported from at least 16 localities in this region.

ⓘ Hematite var. Martite

Formula: Fe2O3

ⓘ Hemimorphite

Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O

References:

ⓘ Heterogenite

Formula: Co3+O(OH)

Localities:

Luamata, Mwinilunga District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Kachingwe, Katete District, Eastern Province, Zambia
Kasompe, Chingola, Chingola District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Samba Mine, Kasompe, Chingola, Chingola District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ Hopeite

Formula: ZnZn2(PO4)2 · 4H2O

References:

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2

ⓘ Hydrocerussite

Formula: Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2

ⓘ Hydrozincite

Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6

References:

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe2+TiO3

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Ilmenite var. Manganese-bearing Ilmenite

Formula: (Fe,Mn)2+TiO3

ⓘ 'Ilmenite-Pyrophanite Series'

Formula: Fe

Formula: (Fe,Ni)

Formula: CuFe2S3

Formula: CaMg(PO4)F

Type Locality:

ⓘ Jarosite

Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6

ⓘ 'Jasper'

ⓘ Kanonaite (TL)

Formula: Mn3+Al(SiO4)O

Type Locality:

ⓘ Kaolinite

Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Klockmannite

Formula: CuSe

ⓘ Kogarkoite

Formula: Na3(SO4)F

References:

ⓘ Kornerupine

Formula: Mg3Al6(Si,Al,B)5O21(OH)

References:

ⓘ Kyanite

Formula: Al2(SiO4)O

Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.

ⓘ Libethenite

Formula: Cu2(PO4)(OH)

Localities:

Mindola pit, Nkana Mine, Kitwe, Kitwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Nkana Mine, Kitwe, Kitwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Nchanga Mine (N'Changa Mine), Chingola, Chingola District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Kabwe Mine, Kabwe, Kabwe District, Central Province, Zambia ? (more information)

Habit: pseudo-octahedron, short, stubby, elongated along the a axis.

Colour: Dark green to black.

Description: The best crystals were found in Area E open pit.

ⓘ Libethenite var. Zinc-bearing Libethenite

Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(PO4)(OH)

ⓘ 'Limonite'

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Linarite

Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2

References:

ⓘ Linnaeite

Formula: Co2+Co3+2S4

Localities:

Chambishi Mine, Chambishi, Kalulushi District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Chibuluma West Mine, Kalulushi District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Lusakite occurrence, Rufunsa District, Lusaka Province, Zambia
Chibuluma Mine, Kalulushi District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ Mackinawite

Formula: FeS

ⓘ Maghemite

Formula: (Fe3+0.67◻0.33)Fe3+2O4

ⓘ Magnesite

Formula: MgCO3

Localities:

Nkumbwa Hill Carbonatite (Nkombwa Hill Carbonatite), Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Munali nickel project, Munali Intrusive Complex, Mazabuka District, Southern Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4

Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.

ⓘ Magnetite var. Mushketovite

Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2

Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.

ⓘ Malachite var. Zinc-bearing Malachite

Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2

References:

ⓘ Marcasite

Formula: FeS2

ⓘ Margarite

Formula: CaAl2(Al2Si2O10)(OH)2

ⓘ 'Maskelynite'

ⓘ Masuyite

Formula: Pb(UO2)3O3(OH)2 · 3H2O

ⓘ Meionite

Formula: Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3

ⓘ Melonite

Formula: NiTe2

ⓘ Metatorbernite

Formula: Cu(UO2)2(PO4)2 · 8H2O

ⓘ 'Mica Group'

Localities:

Pirala Mine, Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Quatchoun Mine, Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi3O8)

Localities:

Jagoda Mine, Mkushi Pegmatite Region, Mkushi, Mkushi District, Central Province, Zambia
Nchanga Mine (N'Changa Mine), Chingola, Chingola District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Kapilinkesa Mine, Lukusuzi National Park, Lumezi District, Eastern Province, Zambia
Konkola Mine, Chililabombwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Chifupu mine, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ 'Microlite Group'

Formula: A2-mTa2X6-wZ-n

ⓘ Millerite

Formula: NiS

ⓘ Mimetite ?

Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl

References:

ⓘ Molybdenite

Formula: MoS2

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Molybdenite-3R'

Formula: MoS2

ⓘ Monazite-(Ce)

Formula: Ce(PO4)

ⓘ 'Monazite Group'

Formula: REE(PO4)

ⓘ Montmorillonite

Formula: (Na,Ca)0.33(Al,Mg)2(Si4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O

ⓘ Mottramite

Formula: PbCu(VO4)(OH)

References:

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.

ⓘ Muscovite var. Alurgite

Formula: K(Al,Mn3+)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

ⓘ Muscovite var. Fuchsite

Formula: K(Al,Cr)3Si3O10(OH)2

ⓘ Muscovite var. Sericite

Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Naumannite

Formula: Ag2Se

ⓘ Nontronite

Formula: Na0.3Fe2((Si,Al)4O10)(OH)2 · nH2O

ⓘ 'Olivine Group'

Formula: M2SiO4

References:

ⓘ 'Orthopyroxene Subgroup'

Description: Abundant Ca-poor orthopyroxene ('hypersthene') a defining characteristic of the well-equilibrated L6 ordinary chondrites.

✪ Parahopeite (TL)

Formula: Zn3(PO4)2 · 4H2O

Type Locality:

References:

ⓘ Parascholzite

Formula: CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O

Description: Transparent square rod-like crystals.

ⓘ Pentlandite

Formula: (NixFey)Σ9S8

ⓘ Perovskite

Formula: CaTiO3

ⓘ Phenakite

Formula: Be2SiO4

Description: Large crystals up to 20 x 10 x 5 cm large.

ⓘ Phlogopite

Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Phosphophyllite ?

Formula: Zn2Fe 2+(PO4)2 · 4H2O

ⓘ Phurcalite

Formula: Ca2(UO2)3(PO4)2O2 · 7H2O

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Plancheite

Formula: Cu8(Si8O22)(OH)4 · H2O

Localities:

Fitula Mine, Chingola District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Mufulira Mine, Mufulira, Mufulira District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ 'Plumbomicrolite (of Hogarth 1977)'

ⓘ 'Polylithionite-Trilithionite Series'

ⓘ Potassic-chloro-hastingsite

Formula: KCa2(Fe2+4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22Cl2

ⓘ Pseudomalachite

Formula: Cu5(PO4)2(OH)4

Localities:

Bwana M'Kubwa Mine (Bwana M'Kubina Mine), Ndola District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Nkana Mine, Kitwe, Kitwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Nchanga Mine (N'Changa Mine), Chingola, Chingola District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Chambishi Mine, Chambishi, Kalulushi District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ 'Psilomelane'

References:

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS2

Localities: Reported from at least 25 localities in this region.

ⓘ Pyrite var. Bravoite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)S2

Localities:

Enterprise deposit, Kalumbila District, North-Western Province, Zambia
Munali nickel project, Munali Intrusive Complex, Mazabuka District, Southern Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia

ⓘ Pyrite var. Cobalt-bearing Pyrite

Formula: (Fe,Co)S2

Localities:

Chibuluma West Mine, Kalulushi District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Nkana Mine, Kitwe, Kitwe District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Chibuluma Mine, Kalulushi District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'

Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z

ⓘ Pyromorphite

Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl

ⓘ Pyrope

Formula: Mg3Al2(SiO4)3

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi2O6

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe1-xS

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO2

Localities: Reported from at least 48 localities in this region.

ⓘ Quartz var. Amethyst

Formula: SiO2

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Quartz var. Ametrine

Formula: SiO2

ⓘ Quartz var. Citrine

Formula: SiO2

ⓘ Quartz var. Smoky Quartz

Formula: SiO2

ⓘ Renierite

Formula: (Cu1+,Zn)11Fe4(Ge4+,As5+)2S16

ⓘ Rhodonite

Formula: CaMn3Mn[Si5O15]

ⓘ 'Rhombohedral Carbonate'

Formula: (Ca/Mg/Fe/Mn etc)CO3

ⓘ Rosasite

Formula: (Cu,Zn)2(CO3)(OH)2

ⓘ Roscoelite

Formula: K(V3+,Al)2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO2

Localities: Reported from at least 15 localities in this region.

ⓘ Samarskite-(Y)

Formula: YFe3+Nb2O8

ⓘ 'Scapolite'

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Scholzite

Formula: CaZn2(PO4)2 · 2H2O

ⓘ Schorl

Formula: NaFe2+3Al6(Si6O18)(BO3)3(OH)3(OH)

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Schreyerite

Formula: V3+2Ti4+3O9

ⓘ Sellaite

Formula: MgF2

ⓘ 'Serpentine Subgroup'

Formula: D3[Si2O5](OH)4

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO3

Localities:

Nkumbwa Hill Carbonatite (Nkombwa Hill Carbonatite), Isoka, Isoka District, Muchinga Province, Zambia
Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia

ⓘ Siegenite

Formula: CoNi2S4

ⓘ Sillimanite

Formula: Al2(SiO4)O

ⓘ Silver

Formula: Ag

References:

ⓘ 'Smectite Group'

Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O

ⓘ Smithsonite

Formula: ZnCO3

References:

ⓘ Smythite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)3+xS4 (x=0-0.3)

ⓘ 'Soapstone'

References:

ⓘ Spencerite

Formula: Zn4(PO4)2(OH)2 · 3H2O

ⓘ Spessartine

Formula: Mn2+3Al2(SiO4)3

Localities:

Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Fwaya-Fwaya mine, Kagem Emerald Mine, Kafubu emerald mining district, Lufwanyama District, Copperbelt Province, Zambia
Kansanshi Mine, Solwezi District, North-Western Province, Zambia

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Spherocobaltite

Formula: CoCO3

References:

Torremans, K., Gauquie, J., Boyce, A. J., Barrie, C. D., Dewaele, S., Sikazwe, O., & Muchez, P. (2013). Remobilisation features and structural control on ore grade distribution at the Konkola stratiform Cu–Co ore deposit, Zambia. Journal of African Earth Sciences, 79, 10-23.

ⓘ Staurolite

Formula: Fe2+2Al9Si4O23(OH)

ⓘ Staurolite var. Lusakite

Formula: (Fe,Mg,Co)2Al9Si4O23OH

ⓘ Strontianite

Formula: SrCO3

ⓘ Surinamite

Formula: (Mg,Fe)3Al4BeSi3O16

ⓘ Taenite

Formula: (Fe,Ni)

ⓘ Talc

Formula: Mg3Si4O10(OH)2

Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.

ⓘ Tantalite-(Mn)

Formula: Mn2+Ta2O6

ⓘ Taramite ?

Formula: Na(CaNa)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2

Description: MacIntyre (2019) lists taramite as an amphibole from the Kansanshi Mine without any supporting analytical data. An association with magnesio-hastingsite and hastinsite would indicate that any taramite root name mineral present would probably ferro/ferri dominant.

ⓘ Tarbuttite (TL)

Formula: Zn2(PO4)(OH)

Type Locality:

References:

ⓘ 'Tennantite Subgroup'

Formula: Cu6(Cu4C2+2)As4S12S

ⓘ Tenorite

Formula: CuO

ⓘ Thénardite

Formula: Na2SO4

References:

ⓘ Thermonatrite