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teneo
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/02/11 20:59 UTC 版)
発音
- (Classical Latin) IPA: [ˈtɛ.ne.oː]
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA: [ˈtɛː.ne.o]
動詞
teneō (present infinitive tenēre, perfect active tenuī or tetinī, supine tentum); second conjugation
- to hold, have; to grasp
- to possess, occupy, control
- to watch, guard, maintain, defend; to retain, keep
- to reach, attain; to gain, acquire, obtain
- to hold fast or back, restrain, detain, check, confine, control; to bind, fetter
- (reflexive) to keep back, remain, stay, hold position
- to know, grasp, understand, conceive
- to recollect, retain knowledge of, remember, bear in mind
- to insist, uphold
- (of laws) to be binding on; to bind, hold, obligate
- to arrive at a place, reach
- to set, fix, hold on a fixed position
- to hold in prison
- to comprise, contain, include, hold
- to hold someone's interest, to be interesting (to someone)
- to embrace, hug
- to hold on, last
同意語
- (have, grasp): habeō, obtineō, possideō, concipio, capio, comprehendo, retineo, apiscor, prehenso, capesso, apprehendō, sustineo, arripiō
- (defend): salvō, tūtor, vindicō, cū̆stōdiō, tueor, sospitō, adimō, prōtegō, tegō, dēfendō, sustineō, ēripiō, arceō, servō, mūniō, prohibeō
- (understand): apprehendō, comprehendō, accipiō, cognōscō, concipiō, dēprehendō, apīscor, capiō, complector, excipiō, cōnsequor, exaudiō
- (acquire): acquīrō, adipīscor, cōnsequor, parō, pariō, impetrō, mereō, sūmō, emō, comparō, apīscor, obtineō, conciliō, nancīscor, alliciō
- (arrive): perveniō, adveniō, ēvādō, obeō, adsum, prehendō, tangō
- (contain, include): contineō, complector, inclūdō, apprehendō, amplector, cohibeō
- (occupy): occupō, obtineō, possideō, potior, compleō, capio, prehēnso, retineo, obsideō, adipīscor, apprehendō, comprehendō, excipio
- (maintain): servō, sustentō, contineō, cū̆stōdiō, cōnservō
- (watch): inspicio, conspicio, curo, intueor, specto, animadverto
- (detain): impedio, prohibeo, resisto, arceo, retineo
- (control): rego, ordino, domino
- (set): collocō, sisto, statuo, pono, figo, constituo, impono
- (embrace): complector, amplector, implicō
反意語
- (antonym(s) of “understand”): nesciō, ignōrō
- (antonym(s) of “acquire”): āmittō
- (antonym(s) of “defend”): īnstō, aggredior, incurrō, impetō, invehō
派生語
- abstineō
- attineō
- circumteneō
- contineō
- dētineō
- distineō
- manūteneō
- obtineō
- perteneō
- pertineō
- retineō
- subteneō
- sustineō
- tenāculum
- tenāx
- tenēns
- tenor
- tentus
- trānstineō
派生した語
(Some descendants show an extension of /ɲɲ/ from the 1SG form (teneō /tɛɲɲo/) throughout the inflection paradigm; hence Venetan tegner or Francoprovençal tegnir.)
- Insular Romance:
- Sardinian: tènnere, tenni, tènniri
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Borrowings:
Reflexes of the late variant tenīre:
- Italo-Dalmatian:
- Rhaeto-Romance:
- Gallo-Italic:
- Gallo-Romance:
Reflexes of Vulgar balkan variant: *tīnēre
- Balkano-Romance:
参照
- Walther von Wartburg (1928–2002), “tĕnēre”, in Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume 13: T–Ti, page 223
Further reading
- “teneo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879), A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- teneo in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2026), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication
- “teneo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891), An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “teneo”, in Gaffiot, Félix (1934), Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894), Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- the rain continues: imber tenet (Liv. 23. 44. 6)
- from one's cradle, from one's earliest childhood: a teneris unguiculis (ἐξ ἁπαλων ὀνύχων) (Fam. 1. 6. 2)
- I abide by this opinion: illud, hoc teneo
- I have great hopes that..: magna me spes tenet (with Acc. c. Inf.) (Tusc. 1. 41. 97)
- (ambiguous) to hold something in one's hand: manu or in manu tenere aliquid
- (ambiguous) to hold fast in the teeth (also metaphorically, obstinately): mordicus tenere aliquid
- (ambiguous) to be scarcely able to restrain one's laughter: risum tenere vix posse
- (ambiguous) to be hardly able to restrain one's tears: lacrimas tenere non posse
- (ambiguous) to be confined to one's bed: lecto teneri
- (ambiguous) to be in gross error, seriously misled: magno errore teneri
- (ambiguous) to abide by one's resolution: propositum, consilium tenere (opp. a proposito deterreri)
- (ambiguous) to remember a thing perfectly: memoriā tenere aliquid
- (ambiguous) to remember a thing perfectly: memoriam alicuius rei tenere
- (ambiguous) to have a vivid recollection of a thing: recenti memoria tenere aliquid
- (ambiguous) to be enamoured of philosophy: philosophiae (sapientiae) studio teneri (Acad. 1. 2. 4)
- (ambiguous) to insist on a point: tenere aliquid; stare in aliqua re
- (ambiguous) to be well versed in Roman history: memoriam rerum gestarum (rerum Romanarum) tenere
- (ambiguous) to be considered the foremost orator: eloquentiae principatum tenere
- (ambiguous) to rivet the attention of..: animos tenere
- (ambiguous) to cherish a hope: spe duci, niti, teneri
- (ambiguous) to long for a thing, yearn for it: desiderio alicuius rei teneri, affici (more strongly flagrare, incensum esse)
- (ambiguous) to be bound by one's word; to be on one's honour: fide obstrictum teneri (Pis. 13. 29)
- (ambiguous) to have an inclination for a thing: studio alicuius rei teneri
- (ambiguous) to observe moderation, be moderate: modum tenere, retinere , servare, adhibere
- (ambiguous) to observe the golden mean: mediocritatem tenere (Off. 1. 25. 89)
- (ambiguous) to remain true to one's principles: institutum tenere
- (ambiguous) to be bound by oath: iureiurando teneri (Off. 3. 27. 100)
- (ambiguous) to be the slave of superstition: superstitione teneri, constrictum esse, obligatum esse
- (ambiguous) to never appear in public: domi se tenere
- (ambiguous) to be a strict disciplinarian in one's household: severum imperium in suis exercere, tenere (De Sen. 11. 37)
- (ambiguous) to keep up a usage: consuetudinem suam tenere, retinere,[TR1] servare
- (ambiguous) to hold the reins of government: clavum rei publicae tenere
- (ambiguous) to occupy the leading position: principatum tenere, obtinere
- (ambiguous) to be bound by a law: lege teneri
- (ambiguous) to have power over some one: imperium tenere (in aliquem)
- (ambiguous) to keep the citizens in servile subjection: civitatem servitute oppressam tenere (Dom. 51. 131)
- (ambiguous) to maintain one's right: ius suum tenere, obtinere
- (ambiguous) to be convicted by some one's evidence: testibus teneri, convictum esse
- (ambiguous) to be commander-in-chief: imperii summam tenere (Rep. 2. 28)
- (ambiguous) to hold a mountain: tenere montem (B. G. 1. 22)
- (ambiguous) to remain inactive in camp: se (quietum) tenere castris
- (ambiguous) to keep a town in a state of siege: oppidum in obsidione tenere
- (ambiguous) to hold on one's course: cursum tenere (opp. commutare and deferri)
- (ambiguous) to steer: clavum tenere
- (ambiguous) to keep the coast and harbours in a state of blockade: litora ac portus custodia clausos tenere
- teneo in Ramminger, Johann (16 July 2016 (last accessed)), Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
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