Labour migration Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

A temporary migrant worker programme (TMWP) is a collection of laws, regulations and policies through which a receiving state regulates the entry, stay and treatment of low-wage temporary migrant workers. Workers in such programmes are generally undertaking ‘temporary migration projects’, that is, they are working abroad for a finite period of time in order to improve their status and welfare at home. The availability of low-cost labour generally entrenches demand for such workers in the receiving state’s labour market and therefore the receiving state has an interest in continuing to attract them. In order to do so, workers must be able to successfully complete their temporary migration projects. However, TMWP policies often create opportunities for exploitation and disempowerment related to low-wage temporary migrant workers’ precarious residence status, weak financial position and dependence on their employers, that jeopardise the normative defensibility and sustainability of such programmes. This paper argues that conventional labour law remedies are not sufficient to enable workers to successfully complete their temporary migration projects. The underlying purpose of labour law and the limitations of its application to this group of workers is considered along with the sources of their vulnerability in order to assess appropriate policy reforms. This paper concludes that in order to make TMWPs more sustainable and normatively justifiable, receiving states should address the root causes of low-wage temporary migrant workers’ vulnerability when formulating TMWP laws and policies.

Abstract. Indirect recruitment through individual recruiters triggers specific areas of precarious employment in the construction sector of Bangladesh. This paper critically examines the navigating role of individual recruiters in determining precarious work conditions for the rural-urban migrant labourers. It unpacks the inter-connections between recruitment practices, rural-urban labour migration and precarious employment in the construction sector of Bangladesh. Taking the case study of migrant construction labourers in Dhaka, the capital city of Bangladesh, it draws on surveys and in-depth interviews to examine specific conditions of individualized recruitment practices and employment relations that contribute to various pressures and insecurities amongst migrant construction labourers. Examining labour recruitment through the lens of precarious work, this paper argues that neoliberal practices have led to indirect recruitment practices where the pronounced existence of individual recruiters as the key actors underpins the precariousness of construction labour in Bangladesh.

- by Selim Reza
- •
- Development Studies, Poverty and Inequality, Labour migration, Precarious work

Up to the lat e 1990s, discourse around mass emigration from Azerbaijan had to do, above all, with mass post-Soviet labour migration. During the last two decades (1990-2009) 266,000 arrived in the country as permanent migrants and 707,500 departed from Azerbaijan according to official statistics. According to official statistics the balance of migration was negative for Azerbaijan (though never massively negative) almost every year. But in the last two years more people arrived in the country than left it. On the grounds of these figures the authorities announced that Azerbaijan has become attractive for immigrants. President Ilham Aliyev’s stated: “The number of foreigners intending to visit the Republic of Azerbaijan will increase while Azerbaijan is developing. This can be considered a positive factor for our country. However, we must prefer the interests of our state, people, citizens and this must be the priority for our migration policy” on the home page of the Internet Site o...

- by Anna Bara
- •
- Geography, Migration Law, Migration, International Migration

This book contribution deals with a suggested model to conceptualise migration. In a nutshell, migration in my view can be analysed by using four phases or stages: the decision-making process/reasons for migration; the actual movement / the journey; arrival; soujourn/integration. Prior to and in the various phases of the model, I deal with a few theoretical approaches to migration as appropriate, e.g. voluntary-forced migration, push-pull, etc. and the legal approaches assessing reasons for migration and flight, e.g. the Geneva Convention. This happens more in the sense of connecting the dots and providing a broad-brush overview than an in-depth study of the various theories or legal questions involved. This English article is an update and expansion of the German article "Zu Begriff und Phänomen der Migration" which I published in my own edited work on the new East-West migration. Barring unforeseen circumstances I plan to update THIS article during the year 2020, possibly including the EU (Four Freedoms) and BREXIT contexts, to name but two.

- by Andreas Demuth
- •
- International Migration, Migration Studies, Transnational migration, Refugees

Im Alter gut betreut zu Hause zu leben – dieser Wunsch ist in Deutschland, Österreich und der Schweiz verbreitet. Die sogenannte 24-Stunden-Betreuung verspricht, ihn zu erfüllen, ohne jedoch gute Arbeitsbedingungen gewährleisten zu können. Dieser Grundkonflikt durchzieht den Alltag der Live-in-Care, ist Gegenstand von Auseinandersetzungen um Sorge- und Arbeitsbedingungen und führt zum Nachdenken über Alternativen. Das Buch zeigt, wie das transnationale Betreuungsarrangement in den drei Ländern ausgestaltet ist und wie Agenturen, Betreuende, Betreute, Angehörige und weitere Stakeholder mit der Situation umgehen.

- by Karin Schwiter and +1
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- Sociology, Gender Studies, Health and Social Care, Labour migration
- by Vida Bakondy
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- History, Austrian History, Labour migration

During the past 30 years, Tanzania has experienced successive precious mineral rushes led by artisanal miners. Their settlement, livelihood and housing strategies have evolved amidst high mobility in pursuit of mineral wealth. Cumulatively, the spatial movement of artisanal miners and an associated following of economically motivated migrant service providers have catalysed large-scale " direct urbanization " at artisanal mine sites-cum-small towns. These settlements have been generally characterized by relatively makeshift accommodation, which may mask accumulated savings of in situ earnings for housing investment elsewhere. In this article, in addition to documenting the mine-led direct urbanization process, we draw attention to a subsequent "indirect urbanization" phenomenon, whereby many successful artisanal miners and other entrepreneurial mining settlement residents make strategic house building investments in larger towns and cities. In anticipation of declining mineral yields and retirement from days of 'roughing it' in mining sites, they endeavour to channel savings into housing in more urbanized locations, aiming to diversify into profitable business activities, living a life with better physical and social amenities. Their second-wave onward migration from mine sites encompasses more diverse destinations, particularly regional towns and cities, which accommodate their work and family life cycle needs and lifestyle preferences. Such mine-led direct and indirect urbanization processes arise from sequential migration decision-making of participants in Tanzania's artisanal mining sector. In this article, we interrogate mining settlement residents' locational choices on the basis of fieldwork survey findings from four artisanal gold and diamond mining settlements in Tanzania's mineral-rich regions of Geita, Mwanza and Shinyanga, and from in-depth interviews with miners-cum-entrepreneurs residing in Mwanza, Tanzania's second largest city, situated in the heart of Tanzania's gold fields.

- by Deborah Bryceson
- •
- African Studies, Africa, Migration, Settlement Patterns

The greenhouse is a kind of ripening time machine, mediating the technologies of intensive growth, high energy inputs, harvests, and the exhaustive labour required so that crops do not spoil. The relentlessness and synchronicity of greenhouse ripening, the conditions of work it requires, and the condensation of crop space produces a need for a kind of labour that is ultimately untenable, and thus orchestrated by drawing from historical founts of racialized exploitation. What appears to be a necessary federal program to insource temporary foreign agricultural labour is actually, then, a “greenhouse effect”.

- by Krista Lynes
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- Gender Studies, Media Studies, Border Studies, Critical Race Theory
- by Sergey Abashin
- •
- Russian Studies, Transnationalism, Postcolonial Studies, Post-Soviet Regimes

This case study analyzes the demographic shifts that resulted from the development of uranium and hydrocarbon extraction industries in Western Kazakhstan in the 1960s–1980s and the serious social tensions that ensued. Contrary to the promise of national emancipation of the local population (Kazakhs) through economic development as the pinnacle of Soviet nationality policy, the economic authorities in Moscow continued to prioritize industrialization over indigenization. They opted to import a large labor force from the Slavic and Caucasian republics of the USSR rather than training an indigenous proletariat. This policy escalated socioeconomic frustrations of the Kazakh population that eventually erupted in interethnic strife amid the general rise of nationalism in 1989. Violent labor conflicts persist in the region, now much more ethnically homogeneous, up to the present, which demonstrates that the Soviet-era conflict was a result not just of interethnic animosity but the contradictory nature of the Soviet project in general.

- by Stefan Guth
- •
- Economic History, Soviet History, Postcolonial Studies, Transnational History

For the last forty years, remittances have been the Philippines’ lifeline in times of crisis as well as everyday life. So, it was no surprise when the media and NGOs credited the diaspora with playing a significant role in post-disaster recovery after Typhoon Haiyan (local name: Yolanda) struck the Philippines on November 2013. This article takes a critical view of this portrayal and argues that the rising tide of remittances do not lift all boats. While remittances may pour in after a spectacular disaster, they are differently experienced, have different impacts, and therefore, uneven post-disaster outcomes. This article highlights the class-based inequalities that structure the access to, and mobilization of remittances after post-disaster recovery. We compare middle and lower class households in three communities heavily affected by Haiyan in Tacloban City, Philippines, to investigate who benefits, and who is excluded from, remittances in post-disaster recovery. The findings of the case study shed light on wider issues of poverty, class and vulnerability in the Philippines.

- by Yvonne Su and +1
- •
- Disaster Studies, Migration, Philippines, Migration Studies

This article (surpassed now by my monograph) looks back at the breakdown of industrial relations in the automobile plants of Detroit, Michigan, and Turin, Italy, from 1967-1973. Workers' struggles compel capitalist forces to restructure. Labor and capital coexist in dialectic and it is legitimate to read changes in the mode of production as responses to international cycles of working class struggle. In core industrial regions such as Detroit and Turin, in the concluding stage of Fordism-Keynesianism, it was the marginal workers who were the protagonists of crucial episodes of struggle. This meant that although organized labor functioned in regimenting workers in a way organic to the regime, and although unions had sometimes to take into account the feelings of their rank and file, they were increasingly troubled from outside, from the underprivileged categories that did not fit into the agenda of any of the three pillars of Fordism. These changes relate to the emergence of a non-class subject of history: ethnic minorities, blacks, women, a kind of wretched of the earth inside the First World. This was, from Marcuse to Fanon to Sartre, a key theme of the 1960s, and spurred that crisis of the grand narratives that is now considered an important stage in the passage from modernity to postmodernity. The story of Detroit and Turin, however, reminds us that this development was itself a by-product of the maturity of Fordism as a system of accumulation in the post-war period, and of the bankruptcy of the institutions of class politics that accompanied it.

- by Nicola Pizzolato
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- Industrial And Labor Relations, Oral history, Labour migration

The aim of the paper is to highlight the variables that determine the propensity to receive remittances and the amount of remittances by households in rural Bangladesh. The empirical model incorporated the determinants of remittances in terms of observed migrant and household characteristics that are assumed to capture the underlying motives of remitting suggested by existing theories of remittances. This paper explores the motives that account for the receipt of remittances across rural households in Bangladesh who have migrants in Italy. Unlike most of the existing literature, the research question from the perspective of the recipient household and use it to interpret the determinants/motivations of remittances. The results show that a combination of household and migrant characteristics and some community level variables are the key elements in explaining the remittance behaviour in Bangladesh. Drawing from these estimates, this study conclude that altruism investment and kinship are the three main motives behind remittance flows to Bangladesh and both community variables (NELM and presence of networks in the host country) are strong determinants of the likelihood of receiving remittances by households.

- by Dr Kazi Abdul Mannan
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- Motivation (Psychology), Migration, Irregular Migration, Labor Migration

Medical workforce governance in the United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a significant and timely topic. Issues of professional recruitment, retention, and integration require attention, as the majority of doctors and other healthcare professionals in the UAE are internationally trained graduates. This policy paper highlights results from a study exploring the policies and processes that could help inform the future improvement of health professional regulation in the UAE. The paper concludes by offering recommendations for future policies and research relevant to key stakeholders, including healthcare employers, regulators, medical practitioners, researchers, and community stakeholders.

- by Sheikh Saud bin Saqr Al Qasimi Foundation for Policy Research and +1
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- Medical Tourism, Public Health, Health Care Management, Healthcare

الخلفية: أجريت هذه الدراسة في تركيا في وقت شكّل فيه الاستقطاب السياسي والقمع الشديد ، والأزمة
الاقتصادية المتصاعدة والفقر المتزايد أجواء الباد. في الوقت نفسه ، يتزايد خطاب الكراهية والتميز والعنصرية والهجمات ضد اللاجئ ن السوريين. عاوة على ذلك ، نحن في فرة أثرت فيها جائحة Covid-19 بشكل عميق وأصابت جميع مجتمعات العالم.
الخلفية: أجريت هذه الدراسة في تركيا في وقت شكّل فيه الاستقطاب السياسي والقمع الشديد ، والأزمة
الاقتصادية المتصاعدة والفقر المتزايد أجواء الباد. في الوقت نفسه ، يتزايد خطاب الكراهية والتميز والعنصرية والهجمات ضد اللاجئ ن السوريين. عاوة على ذلك ، نحن في فرة أثرت فيها جائحة Covid-19 بشكل عميق وأصابت جميع مجتمعات العالم.

Migration is not a new phenomenon but globalization has reinforced it. Earlier, it was perceived as burden rather than as an agent of economic development. Recently, migration is growing interest among scholars because it emerged as... more

- by Sudhaveni Naresh
- •
- International Migration, Labour migration

MIGRATION covers many types of migrants including explorers, slaves, pilgrims, mineworkers, labourers, exiles, refugees, sex workers, students, tourists, retirees and expatriates. The text is supplemented by a series of vivid maps, evocative photographs and powerful graphics. Robin Cohen explores a long span of time and many regions and themes in migration.

- by Robin Cohen
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- Refugee Studies, Diasporas, Migration, Irregular Migration

"The Criminalization of Immigration: Contexts and Consequences explores these competing narratives and the consequences of criminalizing immigration in the United States and abroad. It examines the impact of national, state, and local... more

- by Rich Furman
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- Critical Theory, History, Sociology, Criminology

Growing demand for organic food and its largely developing market has shown a ray of hope to check out migration in Himalayan state of uttarakhand as mostly the farmers in Uttarakhand in rain fed conditions are by default practicing organic farming. This challenge of the farmers in uttarakhand can be converted into opportunity as it would provide them a better livelihood. There is enormous possibility of cultivation of medicinal plants and herbs including the food grain due to the varied landscape of the state. In the absence of any opportunities for livelihood, basic amenities for living, proper education facilities, health and other facilities, and many other troubles are becoming push factors for migration of population from hills to the plains. The rising problem of migration from the villages has caused a serious distress for the economy of the state. Uttarakhand government has established Uttarakhand organic commodity Board (UOCB) in this direction to explore the possibilities of organic farming in Uttarakhand and encourage farmers towards adopting organic agriculture practices so that the economy of the state is improved and problem of migration can also be combated.

- by IAEME Publication
- •
- Organic foods, Urban Farming, Labour migration, Uttarakhand

Taking the example of Germany as a demographically ageing country, this paper starts with the assumption that international migration and a sound long-term integration of international migrants are crucial for sustainable population development. However, owing to the complexity of migration motives and individual migration decisions on the one hand, and the multidimensionality of external causes for migration and political regulations aiming to steer migration, on the other hand, the demand and supply side of migration can vary considerably. This paper reflects on recent important migratory movements to Germany (notably inner-European mobility after the expansion of the European Union (EU), and student and refugee migration in the wake of the economic and financial crisis) and con-comitant policy changes. Two main arguments are made along these empirical observations: first, the effective regulation of international migration in Germany as in any other European country can only be derived by harmonising migration regulations on a supranational level, and second, the issue of migration and its regulation touch on crucial topics in European and national public discourse such as the stabilisation of individual and group identities in turbulent times. Thus, as per the arguments put forth by this study, in order to solve actual imbalances in the European migration and asylum system, questions on social justice and common European values will need to be addressed throughout the European countries and at the EU level.

- by Regional Statistics and +1
- •
- Social Demography, Geography, Human Geography, Political Geography and Geopolitics

The chapter deals with belonging in migration, which encompasses the self, home, memory, journey, and intersectionalities with identities. The discourse on migration is dominated by a binary between living and leaving, where living at home is privileged over leaving; the latter often denigrated as abnormal and a rupture in the rhythm of social life. The chapter argues that while migration has been an ongoing historical process, the figure of the migrant is a modern conception. On the one hand, this figure is received as a “moral panic” among the hosts; on the other, any effort to normalise mobility runs the risk of undermining its exploitative and traumatic aspects. The chapter argues that apart from the traditional disciplines, women’s studies and scholarship on the partition, forced migration, marginalisation, experience, and pain and suffering have contributed immensely to enhancing our understanding of migration in its interdisciplinarity. The dominance of over-deterministic methodological frames of causal analysis has led to the neglect of migrants’ subjectivity towards belongingness and home in migration literature. Home is often conceptualised in binary to work, which the recent experiences of COVID-19 have ruptured by bringing into focus in academic discourse the issue of work from home and migrants’ lack of choice to live rather than longing to leave for home.

- by Sadan Jha and +1
- •
- Southeast Asian Studies, Migration, Memory Studies, Migration Studies
- by Farrukh Irnazarov
- •
- Radicalisation, Labour migration, Risk Assessment

The pandemic caused by the spread of Covid-19 has produced a dramatic impact on economies and societies around the world. Migrant workers and labour migration fluxes have been far from exempt from the negative consequences of the so-called “new coronavirus”. The contributions collected in this volume eloquently illustrate this phenomenon, by highlighting the protection gaps unveiled by COVID-19 and by discussing the strengths and weaknesses of States’ responses to the difficulties experienced by migrant workers worldwide during the pandemic. This volume is among the initiatives related to the EULab Summer School on Labour Migration in the European Union, a project funded with the support of the Eramus+ Programme of the European Union.

This dissertation is an intervention into the burgeoning genre of platform studies, exploring the roots and impacts of a novel form of urban infrastructure that is now ubiquitous in Indonesia. Scholarly literature on the expanding economy of platforms, has so far lacked a full appreciation of how profoundly the phenomenon has been shaped by urban conditions (Davidson et al., 2018). Some earlier scholars have argued that digital technologies would make cities obsolete (Graham and Marvin, 1996), and assert that revolutions in communication will completely distort our relationship with space (Taylor, 2011). Digitally mediated sharing economy prove to be, nonetheless, practical solutions that are firmly rooted in and moulded by urban realities, as much as they are widely imagined as virtual orchestrators of electronic data through disparate mobile devices. Within the last decade, Gojek, a centralised urban mobility application, became the most vivid form of infrastructure across the Indonesian archipelago, accommodating vast pools of workers and governing the circulation of people and everyday items in cities. Using this platform’s emergence as a case study, this dissertation aims to rethink and update our conceptualisation of the ‘city’ in accord with the digital age, thus delving into who and what makes up contemporary ‘urban infrastructure’ in Southeast Asia. Such a study offers to delineate the boundaries of the city according to circulations of labour and extends the body of literature regarding ‘labour as infrastructure’ into discussions of where and who constitutes as ‘urban’.

- by Dr. Onat Kibaroğlu
- •
- Southeast Asian Studies, Urban History, Indonesian Studies, Labour Law

ABSTRACT For the last forty years, remittances have been a lifeline for some Filipinos in times of crisis as well as everyday life. So, it was no surprise when the media and nongovernmental organizations credited the Philippine diaspora with playing a significant role in post-disaster recovery after Typhoon Haiyan/Yolanda struck in 2013. While remittances poured in after this disaster, they were differently experienced, had different impacts, and led to uneven post-disaster outcomes. This article highlights the class-based inequalities that structure access to and mobilization of remittances after post-disaster recovery. We compare the experiences of middle- and lower-class households in three communities heavily affected by Haiyan in Tacloban City, Philippines, to investigate who benefitted and who was excluded from remittances in this post-disaster recovery. The findings of the case study shed light on wider issues of poverty, class, and vulnerability in the Philippines.

- by Yvonne Su
- •
- Southeast Asian Studies, Humanitarianism, Poverty, Disaster Studies

Most European countries face the challenge of securing or expanding the supply of skilled labour. Further to the upgrading of the qualification of the resident labour force and an increase in the female employment rates, skilled immigration can be the third pillar of an overall strategy aimed at securing the supply of skilled labour.
Thie study "Zukunft gestalten, Standort stärken, Fachkräfte sichern. Strategie für die qualifizierte Zuwanderung.“ („Shape the Future, Strengthen the Economy, Secure the Skills Base. Strategy for Skilled Immigration") was carried out by the International Centre for Migration Policy Development (ICMPD) on behalf of the Federation of Austrian Industries (IV) in the first half of 2019. The aim of the study was to examine which demographic, technological and economic trends will determine the availability of the required skilled labour in Austria, Europe and beyond. At the same time, the study tried to answer the question to what extent skilled immigration can contribute to securing the skills base and how it can be organised in a functioning and beneficial way.
The options for action derived from this analysis are not limited to Austria. They were developed as a generic strategy for all European states considering the development of a specific strategy for skilled immigration. The proposed steps and measures provide a general direction, but their implementation must be adapted to the respective national contexts. The aim was to develop a sequence of strategic options for action and steps which, as a whole, would make it possible to meet the essential challenges of skilled immigration.

The new economics of labor migration explains migration as part of family strategies to address income risks and capital constraints in developing countries. However, it does not adequately take into account the risks and costs borne by migrant families in contemporary labor migration. This paper examines the emigration-family economy nexus highlighting the undercurrent of risks in the labor migration process. This study draws from the experiences of Bangladeshi families who have family members working in Saudi Arabia. The research reports that migrants often undertake international migration at great costs of their own, incurring large debts, risking personal savings and family assets, and accentuating income risks and capital constraints, while the remittances are meager in the repair of such family economy.

- by Md Mizanur Rahman
- •
- Migration, Labor Migration, International Migration, Forced Migration

The service voucher scheme (ergosimo) is a simplified method for employers to pay labor remuneration and insurance contributions relating to labor contracts regarding specific professions and sectors of the Greek economy, initially in the sectors of domestic salaried work and in the agricultural economy. Over the years, though, the use of the ergosimo on the one hand expanded to other sectors of economic activity as well, while on the other hand it has been seen as a tool, which, under specific conditions, might contribute to the restriction of undeclared work as regards occasional employment. This study aims at providing a comprehensive assessment of the use of the ergosimo scheme, focusing on investigating its suitability and efficiency in the fight against undeclared work. As regards the methodology applied, the totality of relevant legislation and literature has been qualitatively assessed whereas targeted qualitative interviews have been held with representatives of all social partners and competent State authorities.

- by Apostolos Kapsalis
- •
- Industrial Relations, Labour Law, Social Security, Labour migration

The willingness to migrate in search of employment is in itself insufficient to compel anyone to move. The dynamics of labour mobility are heavily influenced by the opportunities perceived and the imaginaries held by both employers and regulating authorities in relation to migrant labour. This volume offers a multidisciplinary approach to the study of the structures and imaginaries underlying various forms of mobility. Based on research conducted in different geographical contexts, including the European Union, Turkey, and South Africa, and tackling the experiences and aspirations of migrants from various parts of the globe, the chapters comprised in this volume analyse labour-related mobilities from two distinct yet intertwined vantage points: the role of structures and regimes of mobility on the one hand, and aspirations as well as migrant imaginaries on the other. Migration at Work thus aims to draw cross-contextual parallels by addressing the role played by opportunities in mobilising people, how structures enable, sustain, and change different forms of mobility, and how imaginaries fuel labour migration and vice versa. In doing so, this volume also aims to tackle the interrelationships between imaginaries driving migration and shaping “regimes of mobility”, as well as how the former play out in different contexts, shaping internal and cross-border migration.
Based on empirical research in various fields, this collection provides valuable scholarship and evidence on current processes of migration and mobility.

- by Noel B. Salazar and +1
- •
- Migration mobilities, Anthropology of Mobility, Migration, Labor Migration

The objective of the research is to understand the determinants
and impacts of Turkish and Syrian women›s participation in paid work outside the home, focusing on gender and intergroup relations. This effort to understand is made from an analysis perspective that is generated at the intersection of macro policies, political and economic contexts, and social gender regimes.
Background: This study was carried out in a political and economic environment of intense political polarization and oppression, rising economic crisis and increasing poverty in Turkey. Synchronously, hate speech, discrimination, racism, and attacks against Syrian refugees are on the rise. In addition, we are in a process in which the impact of the COVID19- pandemic has deeply affected and injured all world societies.

This brief shows how skills development programmes for domestic workers play an important role in reinforcing the view among workers and employers that domestic work is real work, improving working conditions, employers’ satisfaction, and... more

- by Marie-José Tayah
- •
- Migration, Migration Studies, Employability Skills, Migrant Domestic Workers

According to a UNESCO report entitled Social Inclusion of Internal Migrants in India (2013), three out of ten Indians are internal migrants. The population of internal migrants in India went up from 309 million in 2001 to 400 million in 2011. Migrants today face crucial problems regarding their identity , child education , health issues , problems faced by female migrants, legal aid, and other disputes. To over come these problems and to enhance the betterment and progress of migrant workers in India , some serious measures should be taken by the government and civil societies including NGOs. This paper tries to focus on some problems and its measures can be adopted for the betterment of internal migrants in india thus we can move together to a social progress.

- by Barbara Pusch
- •
- Case Studies, Informal Economy, Labour migration

This course focuses on the primary cases and programs of labour migration around the world. The course content is interdisciplinary in nature, and allows students to familiarize themselves with a variety of key issues, including but not limited to state policies toward migrant workers, the rights of migrant workers, ethical questions, citizenship prospects of migrant workers, and the integration of migrant workers into their host societies, among others. The reading material covers both sending and receiving countries, as well as both high and low income contexts.

- by Serdar Kaya
- •
- Immigration, Migration, International Migration, Labour Studies

Araştırmanın saha çalışması, 2016 yılının Temmuz ve Ağustos aylarında, Suriyeli Dom nüfusun göreceli yoğun olduğu Şanlıurfa, Gaziantep, Adana ve Mersin illerinde 400’ün üzerinde Dom erkek ve kadın ile yüz yüze ve 27 grup görüşmesi şeklinde yapılmıştır. Görüşmelerde; Arapça, Kürtçe ve Türkçe, Dom çalışmaları alanında uzman Kemal Vu- ral TARLAN ve Roman çalışmaları alanında uzman Hacer FOGGO’dan oluşan araştır- ma ekibi tarafından yarı yapılandırılmış görüşme sorularına dayandırılarak, gözlem ve özellikle gruplarla derinlemesine görüşmeler şeklinde Domların ikamet ettikleri ma- halleler, göç mekânları, çadırlar ve çalıştıkları tarlalarda yapılmıştır. Saha çalışması 15 Temmuz “darbe girişimi ve sonrasındaki olağanüstü hal” uygulamasının ilk günlerine denk geldiği için konuyla ilgili kamu kurumlarıyla yapılacak görüşmeler planlandığı şekilde gerçekleştirilememiştir. Bu nedenle, alan araştırmasının kamu ve yönetimsel boyutu araştırmacıların beş yıllık alan deneyimleri ve kamu kurum temsilcileriyle daha önce bu kapsamda yaptıkları görüşmeler ve katıldıkları çeşitli toplantılardaki istişare- ler, geçmişteki görüşme notları ve konuyla ilgili mevzuatın ve raporların incelenmesiy- le oluşturulmuştur. Böylece, Dom toplumunun Şanlıurfa, Gaziantep, Adana ve Mersin illerindeki profili ve temel ihtiyaçları belirlenmiş ve yaşadıkları yerler haritalandırıla- rak mevcut durum analizi hazırlanmıştır. Bu rapora kaynaklık eden araştırma Dom göçmenlerin sosyoloji, antropoloji ve tarih bilimleri kapsamında ele alınması gereken tarihsel arka plan, etnik köken, dil ve sosyo-ekonomik analizi olmayıp, Dom göçmen- lerin, Türkiye’de karşılaştıkları sorunlar, temel haklara erişimdeki sıkıntılar, yerli halk ve kamu otoritesi tarafından uygulanan ayrımcılık ve mevcut “göç mevzuatının” bu top- lulukların yaşamına etkileri ele alınarak değerlendirilmiştir.

La migración internacional es uno de los procesos sociales de mayor relevancia en las sociedades actuales. Su conocimiento, en un entorno global complejo y cambiante, requiere de un proceso de reflexividad sobre los métodos de investigación y las estrategias de análisis que se emplean. Este volumen colectivo contiene un conjunto representativo de las metodologías y técnicas cualitativas más importantes (método etnográfico, biográfico, de colaboración, métodos grupales, visuales, análisis del discurso, tipologías y trayectorias, y el llamado método comparativo cualitativo), con sus respectivas aplicaciones para el caso de la migración mexicana a Estados Unidos. La intención de las coordinadoras ha sido proporcionar a los alumnos, los docentes y los investigadores interesados en la problemática de la migración, un instrumento útil para su quehacer académico. Se trata de un esfuerzo autocrítico de reflexión sobre la práctica de la investigación social en migración internacional, emprendido por un destacado grupo de especialistas desde perspectivas disciplinarias muy diversas, que muestra ─como pocas veces se hace─ los entresijos prácticos de la investigación social en un campo de estudios particular

Chapitre paru dans Marion Fontaine, François Jarrige, Nicolas Patin (dir.), Le travail en Europe occidentale, 1830-1939, Atlande, 2020, pp. 302-325

- by Fabrice BENSIMON
- •
- Labour history, Domestic workers, Migrant workers, Labour migration
- by Michael Warenycia
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- Migration, Philippines, Migration Studies, Economics of Remittances

Migration as defined by the Oxford dictionary is the movement of people to a new area or country in order to find work or better living conditions. It mainly takes place in search of better prospects in life which will ensure secured living conditions or to avoid persecution in their country of domicile. The importance of migration has increased manifold in the light of globalization. The ease of access due to the effects of globalization led to the rise of movement of people across borders. Migration does not always affect the people who are emigrating. It indirectly affects the native population too, as the immigrants bring their own culture along with them. The natives because of the immigrants have to compete with them in all aspects such as employment, preservation of their own culture and other areas. Migrants when they move to a new country want to be treated as one along with the citizens from the host country and assimilate into their culture.
This research paper will look into the particular case study of the immigrants from Bangladesh in Assam and the impact they have in the overall society of Eastern India. Given the fact that India and Bangladesh were one country and the borders were artificially created due to historical and political reasons, the borders are porous in several areas of Assam which paves an easy way for the immigrants to cross borders. This kind of migration has become a threat to the multicultural society of the North East, especially in the state of Assam. This research paper will try to look broadly into the influx of Bangladeshi migrants and the problems it has created for the population of Assam and the North-East.
Keywords: Migration, Bangladesh, India, Borders, countries.

- by Michele Nani
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- Internal migration, Labour migration, Turin

G ünümüz Türkkyess hem göç veren hem göç alan bbr ülke konumundadır.-'lerde Batı Avrupa ülkelerrnde ortaya çıkan şgücü httyacını kar-şılamak üzere Türkkye'den başta Almanya olmak üzere çeşştll Avrupa ülkelerrne ktlesel göçler yaşanmış, Batı Avrupa'nın şç alımını durdurmasından sonra hedef petrol zenggnn Ortadoğu ülkelerr ve 'larda başta Rusya Federasyonu olmak üzere Bağımsız Devletler Topluluğu ülkelerr olmuştur. Aynı zamanda Türkye 'lern sonunda Bulgarstan'dan poltk baskılar sonucu ayrılan etnk Türklern göçüne uğramış ve sonrası dönemde çevresndek ülkelerden cdd bçmde düzensz göç almaya başlamıştır. Göç sürecne lşkn yasal gerekllkler yerrne gettrmeden seyahat ve/veya kamet eden düzenssz göçmenlerrn bbr kısmı Türkkye üzerrnden batı ülkelerrne geçmeyy hedeflerken, bbr kısmı Türkkye'ye ş bulmak ve çalışmak amacıyla gelmekteddr. Düzenssz göçün kaynağında üç temel gellşme vardır. Bunlardan lkk, Doğu Bloğu ülkelerrnnn 'lı yıllarda geççrddğğ kökten dönüşümlern sonucunda mevcut ktsad, syas ve sosyal rejmlern yıkılması ve pyasa ekonomsne geçl-mesnn nsanları şszlk ve yoksulluğa sürüklemes, yaşamlarını sürdürmek çn göç etmek zorunda bırakmasıdır. AB ülkelernn katı göç düzenlemeler kapıları yen göçmenlere adeta kapatmış, nsanları ş bulablecekler başka ülkelern arayışına yöneltmmş ve yaygın bbr enformel ekonommye sahhp olan Türkkye'nnn sunduğu stthdam mkânları bu nsanlar ççn Türkkye'nnn bbr çekkm merkezz olmasına yol açmıştır. İkknccss, çeşştll Asya ve Afrrka ülkelerrnden gellp AB'ye ggtmek steyen ancak AB ülkelerrne yasal yollardan ggrrş yapma şansı olmayan kaçak göçmenlerrn batıya yolculukları ççn fırsat kollarken Türkkye'yy bbr geççş/ transst noktası olarak kullanmalarıdır. Bu gruptakk göçmenler de bekleme süre-lernde hayatlarını sürdüreblmek çn enformel sthdama yönelmektedr. Aynı

- by Cagla Unluturk Ulutas
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- Migration, Female Labor Migration, Labour migration