Migration (Anthropology) Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Textiles produced by Tai-Kadai peoples are widely admired and much studied, but to date there has been no comparative survey of weaving techniques. Looms and techniques are transmitted between generations in a conservative manner, and have the potential to reveal deep connections between different groups. In this paper I present a survey of loom and patterning techniques, using a mapping approach, combined with comparative analysis similar to that used by linguists. The results trace Tai migration routes, and parallel the findings of linguists in many respects, with some significant differences. They also highlight the important contribution made by Tai-Kadai weavers to the development of the complex patterning systems (drawloom systems) that eventually found their way to the silk weaving industry in Europe.

On the Shoulders of Grandmothers can easily be enjoyed by academic as well as nonacademic audience as the life stories hold the core of the book. At the same time, the book is not a simple discussion of the struggles and aspirations of Ukrainian grandmothers but rather a valuable source of riveting insights into the everyday life, and the changing moral and gender order, in the post-Soviet period. The clarity of Solari’s writing and the reflexive account of her dilemmas as a researcher makes the transnational, comparative data engaging and fluent. This work should be included in the shelves of various disciplines such as Gender and Women Studies, Global/ization Studies, and Transnational migration studies as well as Area Studies.

- by Cinzia D Solari
- •
- Sociology, European Studies, Gender Studies, Globalization

Europe's Transforming Identity. Part 1 of the book Islam and Tolerance in Wider Europe (ed. Pamela Kilpadi) including the articles: * 'What Values for Europe?' by Michael Emerson * 'The Role of Islam in Europe: Multiple Crises?' by Amel... more

Europe's Transforming Identity. Part 1 of the book Islam and Tolerance in Wider Europe (ed. Pamela Kilpadi) including the articles:
* 'What Values for Europe?' by Michael Emerson
* 'The Role of Islam in Europe: Multiple Crises?' by Amel Boubekeur and Samir Amghar
* 'The Southern Gate to Fortress Europe' by Rutvica Andrijasevic

- by Pamela Kilpadi
- •
- European History, European Studies, Islamic Law, Comparative Politics

... a typical naive set of assumptions about "group oriented" cultures it that the participants within them are basically altruistic, self-effacing, self-sacrificing and sociable. A society of such individuals should exhibit the very best of human civilization working in equitable, democratic communities. By contrast, those from individualistic cultures should be cold, grasping, selfish, egotistical and almost incapable of the cooperation demanded by a civil society. Indeed, a society of individualists, by this stereotype would be a dog eat dog affair, dedicated to conflict, riven with disloyalty and betrayal, forever failing to build a stable and humanistic community.

- by Thorold (Thor) May
- •
- Sociology, Environmental Sociology, Economic Sociology, Media Sociology

This article examines the representation of home among members of the Lebanese diaspora in New York, Montreal and Paris. Lebanese immigrants view home as both a concrete reality that is achieved physically or in relation with others and a... more

- by Dalia Abdelhady
- •
- Cultural Studies, Diasporas, Social and Cultural Anthropology, Immigration
- by Rich Furman
- •
- Religion, Sociology, Human Geography, Criminal Law

Global migrations are an overwhelmingly complex phenomenon, involving millions of unique individuals and multifaceted social, economic, political and technological infrastructures. Faced with such complexity, we are forced to simplify in order to understand. A popular quote about science, attributed to Albert Einstein, says that " everything should be made as simple as possible, but not simpler. " As social scientists working on migration, we should use this observation to reflect upon the work we do but shift the focus from degrees of simplicity to ways of simplifying. The choices that we make along the way reflect our views about what is essential and what is not; these choices are subjective and contextual, perhaps political, and open to challenge. It therefore takes courage and insight to simplify in meaningful ways. An equally difficult task is to pinpoint why particular simplifications are unhelpful and specify how they should be reworked. A much easier option, which social scientists too often resort to, is to merely claim that things that are " more complex " call for " greater nuance " (Healy, 2017). As a starting point for exploring meaningful simplifications of global migration, I pose a simple and familiar question: why do people migrate? It is a question more associated with introductory courses on migration than the research frontier but it can be leveraged for insights into how we might answer an impossibly complex question. I could start by providing tentative answers. What I will do instead is to examine seven types of answers that might be possible and meaningful. 1. People migrate for the reasons for which they are admitted as immigrants. In practice, this is how we implicitly describe why people migrate. Most high-income destination countries have no generic legal provisions for immigration but rather combine a general prohibition with specific exceptions. Immigrants are therefore admitted as labour migrants, as family migrants, as international students and as refugees, for instance, under particular conditions. These conditions are (except for refugees) not linked explicitly to motivations but assumed motivations make up the logic that differentiates them. This way of thinking about the reasons why people migrate has spread far beyond the regulatory system itself. 2. People migrate because they have the aspiration and the ability to do so. The regulatory barriers to migration ensure that not every person who wants to migrate will be able to do so. We can therefore distinguish between two components in the explanation of migration:

- by Jørgen Carling
- •
- Migration, International Migration, Migration Studies, Sociology of Migration
- by Rich Furman
- •
- Creative Writing, Critical Theory, Business Ethics, Religion

Este artículo describe el contexto histórico y socioeconómico de los programas de trabajo temporal de los EEUU y los modelos de (in)migración peruana que han contribuido al empleo de pastores quechuas en los Estados Unidos. El pastor ‘‘invitado’’ y contratado por un ranchero ‘‘anfitrión,’’ enfrenta un desequilibrio de poder en el cual su estatus legal depende del cumplimiento del contrato establecido por un solo empleador. Siguiendo el concepto de hospitalidad elaborado por Derrida que la describe como un aporía sin resolución, en este artículo se argumenta que los programas de trabajo temporal conducen a los pastores hacia una ‘‘trampa hospitalaria’’; pues no entienden el lenguaje del contrato y, además, su estatus temporal y legal contribuye a la crónica ceguera de los legisladores ante las atroces condiciones de trabajo y vivienda. Los pastores relatan testimonios sobre las privaciones físicas y emocionales a las que se que enfrentan como ‘‘huérfanos’’ (wakchakuna) en planicies estadounidenses en donde el pastoreo carece de las creencias quechuas sobre las relaciones de reciprocidad entre los humanos, la tierra y los animales. ***(This article describes the historical and socioeconomic contexts of U.S. migrant labor programs and Peruvian (im)migration patterns, which have contributed to the wide- spread employment of Quechua sheepherders on U.S. pastures. Herder ‘‘guests’’ employed by ‘‘host’’ ranchers face a dangerous power imbalance: their legal status as temporary workers depends on the fulfilment of a contract offered by one specific employer. Following Derrida’s conception of hospitality as an irresolvable aporia, it is argued here that U.S. migrant labor programs lead herders into a ‘‘hospitality trap,’’ because they do not understand the language in which their work contracts are written; their status as temporary and legal workers contributes to legislators’ inattention to their appalling working and living conditions. Herder personal narratives relate the physical and emotional hardships they face as ‘‘orphans’’ (wakchakuna) on profit- driven ranches where husbandry practices bear little resemblance to Quechua beliefs regarding relationships of reciprocity between humans, animals, and the land.)

- by Alison Krogel
- •
- Migration (Anthropology), Labor History and Studies, Andean Culture, Quechua

This is an unusual book. Combining social science fiction, utopianism, pragmatism, sober analysis, and innovative social theory, the authors address one of the biggest dilemmas of our age – how to solve the problems arising from mass displacement. As early versions of the solution proposed by Robin Cohen and Nicholas Van Hear filtered out, their vision of a new, networked, transnational archipelago, called Refugia, was immediately denounced or met with scepticism by established refugee scholars. Others were more intrigued, more open-minded, or perhaps just holding their fire until this book was finally published. As it at least has the virtue of originality, why not judge the proposal for yourself? Read it and craft your own critique. The authors have initiated an openly pro-refugee vision that all can help to shape. Written in a clear and direct style, this book will appeal to scholars, students and practitioners, as well as to an informed public ready to engage with this pressing issue.

- by Robin Cohen
- •
- Sociology, Social Theory, Social Sciences, Refugee Studies

In this working paper we will present a research methodology for describing and comparing corpus of video productions diffused and shared on social media platforms (here: You Tube). The objective of this research is: 1. to study and interpret the cultural representations of the figure of the migrant/immigrant and refugee in virtual local and global communities viewing, commenting and remediating (rewriting) such video productions and 2. to interpret these cultural representations as belonging to a diversity of (new) folk cultures offering especially people from the younger generations (the so-called Millennials and Post-Millennials also sometimes called Homelanders) an epistemic framework for thematizing and narrating the (social) Other (here: the migrant, the immigrant and the refugee). This paper constitutes the principal support of our course entitled “Cultural visions of (im)migrants and (im)migration in the digital social mediasphere”. This course is part of the EMICC (European Master in InterCultural Communication) program offered by a network of European universities and coordinated by the Università della Svizzera italiana (USI) in Lugano . The methodology and results discussed in this paper will also be presented in the First Eurocampus Conference “Advances in Intercultural Communication” in January 2018 and hosted by the Universidade Aberta in Coimbra (Portugal). Finally, we would also like to stress that this is a first uncorrected version of a research article to be published in the Cambridge Handbook of Intercultural Communication, edited by Guido Rings and Sebastian Rasinger (expected publication date: end of 2018/first half of 2019).

- by Peter Stockinger
- •
- Semiotics, Communication, Media Studies, New Media

Kidnapping, originally considered a problem for the super wealthy, has quickly spread to epidemic proportions among the relative poor, especially among clandestine international migrants. This article examines how people’s relationship to the US–Mexico border shapes their vulnerability to kidnapping. Moreover, through one long ethnographic vignette and survey data of deportees’ experiences with kidnapping, this article explores how the border helps produce and shape kidnapping. By exploring the
border as topological, based on the relationships created through clandestine migration and deportation, we can see how kidnapping operates to produce certain, highly varied subjectivities. Moreover, this article explores the contours of sexuality and masculinity for a feminist geopolitical take on some of the darkest chapters of the war on drugs in Mexico.

- by Jeremy Slack
- •
- Drugs And Addiction, Border Studies, Cross-border cooperation, Migration

Le comunità indigene del Guatemala sono coinvolte in una lunga fase postguerra che aggiunge alle drammatiche fratture del conflitto interno nuove complesse sfide. Questo libro si basa su una ricerca etnografica multisituata realizzata tra la comunità maya mam di Todos Santos Cuchumatán e i gruppi di migranti indigeni in California e in esso si analizzano in particolare due dei fenomeni sociali che segnano la contemporaneità mesoamericana: le migrazioni verso gli Stati Uniti e le politiche multiculturali di sviluppo. Le genealogie storiche di tali fenomeni e le esperienze di vite che essi generano permettono di riflettere su come una comunità indigena riconfigura il proprio sistema di potere e il proprio senso di appartenenza collettivo. I migranti maya si scontrano con i discorsi e le pratiche burocratiche della legalità, con le logiche di verità delle richieste di asilo e con le tensioni razziali delle periferie statunitensi. In questo modo acquisiscono la capacità di riprodurre discorsi e rappresentazioni dell’alterità e della sofferenza indigena che, una volta ritornati, possono utilizzare come chiave d’accesso alle imprescindibili risorse della Cooperazione Internazionale, affermandosi come nuove autorità comunitarie.
Il libro offre perciò il ritratto di una comunità che si ricrea in tensione dialettica tra il viaggio e la trama, che cerca una sintesi tra i flussi transnazionali e la reciprocità comunale.

Venezuelans escaping from the crisis in their country count currently among the largest displaced populations in the world. Chile seems to offer them an oasis of political and economic stability. This ethnographic study explores the migrant trajectories of Venezuelan women. We disentangle their migration process, including destination imaginaries, the journey, and their life in Chile. We discuss how uncertainty is permanent in their trajectories and how the imagined oasis turns out to be just a mirage. The women end up waiting, perhaps perennially, to be able to return home. Meanwhile, they develop strategies to survive in an oasis without water.

- by Noel B. Salazar and +1
- •
- Migration mobilities, Anthropology of Mobility, Migration, International Migration

Fußball-Ligen und -Clubs sind zentrale Vereinigungen von Arbeitsmigranten aus den Andenländern. Erst seit wenigen Jahren in Spanien und auf dem informellen Arbeitsmarkt beschäftigt, tragen sie hochformalisierte Ligen aus und setzen viel Energie in die Suche nach Sportanlagen und in interne Diskussionen. Juliane Müller untersucht die soziale Organisation der Ligen in Sevilla. Als Ethnografin hat sie in zwei Mannschaften mitgespielt und die Fußballpraxis bolivianischer Frauen hautnah erlebt. Welche Bedeutung hat populärer Frauenfußball im Herkunftsland; wie verändert sich die Spielpraxis, wenn Sport migriert? Die ethnologische Studie zeigt, dass Fußball nicht nur Leistungswettbewerb ist, sondern auch Ritual, Fest und Körpertechnik.

- by Juliane Müller
- •
- Football (soccer), Bolivia, Migration Studies, Migration (Anthropology)
- by Michael Samers
- •
- Immigration, Immigration Studies, Migration, Irregular Migration

Second-generation immigrants are often imagined by social scientists, their receiving communities, their parents, and sometimes also by themselves, as those who should close the cycle of immigration that their parents have opened. Inasmuch as Italy is a contender in the international competition for the most ‘Mediterranean’ of countries, those youths are expected either to become Italian, fail to do so, or ascend to the globalized sphere of multiple participation, belonging and citizenship. Based on a reconstruction of several realms of action and meaning that constitute second-generation Tunisian immigrant youths' lives in Mazara del Vallo – from education, the annual voyage to Tunisia and self-identification, to kinship strategies, labor and municipal elections – I show how children of Tunisian immigrants practice a kind of personhood that receives its form and flexibility from their entrapped position in the current situation of the Mediterranean constellation in the Sicilian Channel.

It was what many had been hoping for: some sort of relief. But did it
come too late? And was it enough? On the evening of Thursday, November 20, 2014, US president Barack Obama went on live television to announce a new administrative action to reform the US immigration system. Obama began, “Today, our immigration system is broken, and everybody knows it. . . . It’s been this way for decades. And for decades, we haven’t done much about it.” Responding to growing discontent among immigrant rights groups, the president and the Department of Homeland Security (DHS) together issued a memorandum expanding the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program of 2012. DACA—instituted by a DHS directive rather than congressional action—provided temporary work permits and deportation relief to more than 664,000 young undocumented immigrants who had lived in the United States since childhood.1 The 2014 expansion announced by President Obama eliminated DACA’s upper age ceiling of thirty-one years and introduced a new program, Deferred Action for Parents of Americans and Permanent Residents (DAPA), to provide deportation relief and work permits to an estimated 3.5 million undocumented immigrants with US-born children.

- by Roberto G. Gonzales
- •
- Sociology, Political Sociology, Psychology, Social Psychology

Recensione del libro "Le tartarughe tornano sempre" di Enzo Gianmaria Napolillo.

- by Rosalinda Bruno
- •
- Migration, Migration Studies, Transnational migration, Migration (Anthropology)
- by Claudia Liebelt
- •
- Gender Studies, Israel/Palestine, Migration Studies, Transnational migration
- by Aikaterini Polymerou-Kamilaki
- •
- Migration (Anthropology), Peloponnese, Thessaly

The 11 new marble headstones erected at the small village cemetery at the outskirts of Hegići in late July 2007 outnumbered the number of people who had returned to the village. Only the dates of death engraved on the white headstones revealed that most of the people buried that day died together on the same day in July 1992. The small congregation of some 50 people, made up of surviving relatives and neighbours coming from afar, mourned in dignity and prayed for the souls of the victims of the massacre. Through ethnography of a collective funeral for the victims of ‘ethnic cleansing’ in a small Bosnian village, and reflexive narrative analysis of the past and present realities of the survivors, this article explores the complex relationship between memory, place and reconciliation in post-war Bosnia and Herzegovina.

- by Hariz Halilovich
- •
- Anthropology, Humanities, Human Rights, Refugee Studies
- by Graciela S Cabana
- •
- Archaeology, Bioarchaeology, Migration (Anthropology), Culture Change

EUrope has created a space of human suffering within which military-humanitarian measures seem urgently required if the mass drowning is to be halted. The framing of migration governance as humanitarian has become commonplace in spectacular border practices in the Mediterranean Sea. Nonetheless, maritime disasters continue to unfold. This article discusses three non-governmental actors, part of an emerging " humanitarian fleet " that seeks to turn the sea into a less deadly space: the Migrant Offshore Aid Station, Médecins Sans Frontières, and Sea-Watch. While the rescue of precarious lives and the alleviation of suffering are central concerns, they imagine their humanitarian practices, the subjects of their compassion, and EUrope's role in shaping borderzones in different ways, pointing to a wide humanitarian spectrum. Engaging with the different discursive frames created by the three " border humanitarians " , the article explores what possibilities exist for political dissent to emanate from within humanitarian reason.

- by Maurice Stierl
- •
- Social Movements, Mobility/Mobilities, Migration mobilities, Humanitarianism
- by Robert Carter and +1
- •
- Anthropology, Architecture, Heritage Studies, Gulf Studies

World-wide migration has an unsettling effect on social structures, especially on aging populations and eldercare. This volume investigates how taken-for-granted roles are challenged, intergenerational relationships transformed, economic ties recalibrated, technological innovations utilized, and spiritual relations pursued and desired, and asks what it means to care at a distance and to age abroad. What it does show is that trans-nationalization of care produces unprecedented convergences of people, objects and spaces that challenge our assumptions about the who, how, and where of care.

- by Monika Palmberger and +1
- •
- Medical Anthropology, Social and Cultural Anthropology, Aging, International Migration
- by Aleksej Kalc
- •
- Middle East Studies, Gender History, Labour history, Egypt

MIGRATION covers many types of migrants including explorers, slaves, pilgrims, mineworkers, labourers, exiles, refugees, sex workers, students, tourists, retirees and expatriates. The text is supplemented by a series of vivid maps, evocative photographs and powerful graphics. Robin Cohen explores a long span of time and many regions and themes in migration.

- by Robin Cohen
- •
- Refugee Studies, Diasporas, Migration, Irregular Migration

Esta investigación tiene como propósito abordar cómo se concretan los espacios mercantiles que genera el trabajo de cuidado remunerado y sus efectos sobre los patrones de incorporación laboral de las trabajadoras extranjeras en Cataluña, desde un marco conceptual que aborda la interrelación de la esfera mercantil con las otras agencias proveedoras de cuidado: familia y Estado.
Official code: U-17/10

- by Patricia Jimena Rivero
- •
- Gender Studies, Segregation, Migration, Irregular Migration

L’idea di un museo diffuso sul territorio (o ecomuseo) sul tema dell’interculturalità nasce dall’esigenza di trasformare la realtà sociale connessa ai fenomeni migratori all’interno di uno specifico contesto ambientale, trasformando in elementi di forza funzionali allo sviluppo locale quelli che finora sono risultati essere invece elementi di debolezza e portatori di diverse e complesse problematiche sociali. In un territorio come quello qui considerato, particolarmente ricco di espressioni culturali diversificate, offrire ai cittadini l’opportunità di conoscere la bellezza di tale varietà di culture può infatti divenire una risorsa rilevante per lo sviluppo e la promozione della salute delle comunità presenti. Elementi fondamentali per il benessere collettivo, quali l’inclusività, la resilienza, la partecipazione e la giustizia sociale, vanno quindi promossi e incentivati e l’ideazione di uno spazio conoscitivo delle culture diffuso sul territorio diviene, così, strumento utile a tali scopi.

- by David GARBIN
- •
- Religion, Sociology, Geography, Anthropology

This synthetic chapter addresses the causes of the massive escalation of border immigration enforcement at the U.S.-Mexico boundary since 1994 (and in some ways, since the early 20th century). It argues that hierarchical citizenship in which Mexican origin people are slotted as commodity-migrant laborers (though resisted as such) now is interacting with a national and global political economy in which there are increasing sources of conflict and anxiety (economic and social inequality worsening, capitalist driven insecurity and globalization, continual failures of the United States as a militaristic global hegemon) to result in scapegoating of feared subordinate servant populations: immigrants. It looks at the specific symbolic role of borders (as a boundary between purity and danger) in this cultural-political economy. It argues that the current immigration and border policy conjucture is emerging from a three sided struggle between capitalist managerial elites (favoring managed subordinate labor flows), xenophobic populist right wing sectors (as analyzed above), and human/labor rights coalitions battling under difficult circumstances.

- by Josiah Heyman
- •
- Latino/A Studies, Border Studies, Immigration, Migration

"The Criminalization of Immigration: Contexts and Consequences explores these competing narratives and the consequences of criminalizing immigration in the United States and abroad. It examines the impact of national, state, and local... more

- by Rich Furman
- •
- Critical Theory, History, Sociology, Criminology

O objetivo desse artigo é realizar uma
breve discussão, de forma reflexiva e
crítica, sobre os seguintes modelos de recepção
dos imigrantes: 1- Assimilacionista
ou republicano que tem na França o seu
principal expoente (baseado na ideia que
a equidade e a igualdade podem ser alcançadas
através da plena adoção de regras
e valores coletivos da república, evitando
diferenciações de caráter cultural); 2- multicultural
ou pluralista que tem abrigo em
países como Inglaterra, Holanda, Suécia e
Canadá (baseado no respeito, proteção e
investimento estatal da diversidade cultural).
O texto, em geral, reflete de forma
sucinta sobre as principais questões, lacunas
e desafios existentes no bojo desses
dois modelos.

- by Gustavo F Simoes
- •
- Sociology, Immigration, Migration, Migrant Literature

Antropoloog Edine Bartels (2002) noemt goede hulpverlening ‘cultuurproductie’ en het ‘in cultuur brengen van de hulpvraag’. Zij stelt dat een bepaalde continuïteit in het leven van een patiënt noodzakelijk is om verandering in therapie mogelijk te maken. Verandering en continuïteit zijn beide onmisbaar in het leven van individuele mensen en van groepen mensen zoals families.
In dit hoofdstuk worden systemische concepties uitgewerkt om de wisselwerking tussen verandering en continuïteit te vertalen naar hulpverlening.
Patiënten in de GGz met een migratiegeschiedenis kampen regelmatig met klachtenpatronen zoals depressies, angststoornissen, psychoses en schizofrenie. In het ontstaan en beloop van de ziektegeschiedenis zitten in veel gevallen onverwerkte gevolgen van vlucht en migratie verborgen. In dit hoofdstuk wordt aan de hand van casusvignetten geïllustreerd hoe gevolgen van migratie, ook jaren later en intergenerationeel, op antropologische en systemische manier ontdekt, benaderd en behandeld kunnen worden.
In navolging van van Bekkum e.a. (1996) definiëren wij migratie als een transitie, een bijzondere levensfaseovergang met specifieke ‘gestapelde en liminele’ kwetsbaarheden. Gestapeld betekent dat patiënten tijdens levensfaseovergangen in meer soorten kwetsbaarheden terechtkomen.
Limineel betekent dat zij ‘zich bevinden tussen twee of meer werelden’. Verdrongen verliezen en breuken in familiecontinuïteit, ontstaan rond migratie, steken in veel gevallen bij nieuwe levensfaseovergangen opnieuw de kop op. Onverwerkte rouw kenmerkt veel klachtenpatronen van migranten in hulpverlening.
Hulpzoekende migranten kwamen en komen vanuit wij-systemen in Nederlandse ik-gerichte hulpverleningscontexten. Zij proberen om te gaan met zowel een decimering als een verstoring van de manier waarop zij familie- en sociale bindingen en netwerken onderhouden. Met concepten als ‘liminele kwetsbaarheid’ en ‘beschermjassen’ kunnen onverwerkte gevolgen in de migratiegeschiedenis van een patiënt en haar of zijn systeem effectiever in kaart worden gebracht. Verwante begrippen zijn culture shock (Oberg, 1958), acculturative stress (Berry & Anis, 1974) en third individuation (Akhtar, 1995).
Ondraaglijke gevolgen van migratie en vlucht kunnen voor migranten en vluchtelingen draaglijk worden met behulp van rituelen en van ‘beschermjassen’. ‘Beschermjassen’ is een nieuw concept (Tjin A Djie & Zwaan, 2007) dat interventies omvat die verlies van enveloppement (omhulling) van het familiesysteem tijdens en na migratie compenseren en draaglijker maken. Het herhalend betekenis geven aan verliezen en ‘herinbedden’ van de patiënt in een steunsysteem staan daarin centraal. Om de nieuwe wereld (fase) binnen te kunnen gaan, dienen oude verwachtingen en dierbare herinneringen losgelaten te worden. Hiervoor zijn herordeningen in binnen- en buitenwereld (transformaties) nodig van loyaliteiten, van bindingen en van emoties. ‘Transitionele ruimte’ (Winnicott, 1953) en ‘liminele ruimte’ (Turner, 1967) zijn ontwikkelingspsychologische, systeemtherapeutische en antropologische begrippen waarmee hulpverleners onverwerkte migratiegevolgen kunnen analyseren en bij hun cliënten helpen verwerken. Aan de hand van drie casusvignetten worden deze concepten uitgewerkt en geïllustreerd.