Railway and Transportation History Research Papers (original) (raw)

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- by and +1
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- Art History, Architecture, Portuguese Studies, Portuguese History

Abstract: This paper presents an argument for considering issues of class in analyses of communicative planning projects. In these projects, class interests tend to be obscured by the contemporary preoccupation with the class-ambiguous category of “community”. Through a case study of a project of urban redevelopment at King's Cross in London, we conceptualize and map class interests in an urban redevelopment project. Three aspects of the planning process that contain clear class effects are looked at: the amount of office space, the flexibility of plans, and the appropriation of the urban environment as exchange or use value. These aspects structure the urban redevelopment but are external to the communicative planning process. The opposition to the redevelopment has in the planning discourse been articulated as “community”-based rather than in class-sensitive terms. We finally present three strategies for reinserting issues of class into planning theory and practice.

- by Ståle Holgersen
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- Geography, Human Geography, Urban Geography, Economic Geography
- by Ståle Holgersen
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- Urban Geography, Marxism, Urban Planning, Class

The history of rail transport in India began in the mid-nineteenth century. In 1849, there was not a single kilometre of railway line in India. A British engineer, Robert Maitland Brereton, was responsible for the expansion of the railways from 1857 onwards. The Allahabad-Jubbulpore branch line of the East Indian Railway had been opened in June 1867. Brereton was responsible for linking this with the Great Indian Peninsula Railway, resulting in a combined network of 6,400 km (4,000 mi). Hence it became possible to travel directly from Mumbai to Calcutta. This route was officially opened on 7 March 1870 and it was part of the inspiration for French writer Jules Verne's book Around the World in Eighty Days. At the opening ceremony, the Viceroy Lord Mayo concluded that “it was thought desirable that, if possible, at the earliest possible moment, the whole country should be covered with a network of lines in a uniform system”.
In this case study I have tried to Historically represent the Introduction and expansion of Railways in British India.. also a look into the still serving oldest Locomotives in India and in the End a brief Chronology about Expansion and Progress of Indian Railway.

Demiryollari, 19. yy’in son ceyregi ile 20. yy ortalarina kadar Anadolu kentlerinin ulasim aginin egemen unsuru olmustur. Osmanli Devleti’nin savaslar icinde gecen son yuzyilinda ulasim ve tasimacilik adina onemli gorevleri olmustur. Demiryollari, Anadolu’nun Kurtulus Savasi’na sahitlik etmis ve kazanilmasinda yadsinamaz bir yere sahip olmustur. Hem ticari hem de sosyal devinim acisindan Turk toplumuna onemli katkilar saglamistir. Anadolu kentleri ve metropollerde olusacak yeni sosyal yasamin temellerinin atilmasinda etkili konumda yer almistir. Bu olgunun icinde, demiryolu agina sahip kentlerde ekonomik ve sosyal gelismisligin diger kentlere gore daha ileri bir duzeye ulastigi soylenebilir. Demiryollarinin, en azindan ekonomik ve sosyal degisim/donusum konusunda yaptigi benzer bir katkiyi/gorevi Denizli ili icin orneklemek pek de yanlis olmaz. Bu baglamda, tarihi Anadolu ticaret yolu uzerine konumlandirilmis olan demiryolu aginin iki kucuk olcekli tanigi, Bozkurt ve Cardak tren ist...

- by Halil Özyiğit
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- Architecture, History of Art, Railway and Transportation History, Railway

This study aims to identify the significant attributes that influence the utilization of the park-and-ride scheme in three fringe areas of the Kuala Lumpur conurbation, namely, Shah Alam, Rawang and Seremban. In understanding the characteristics of the park-and-ride users, three main areas of concern of the study are the socioeconomic characteristics, trip characteristics and the parking-related characteristics of the users at the stations. Geographical Information Systems (GIS) is applied in order to delineate the catchment area of the respective stations. Information was retrieved by means of personally-administered questionnaire at the park-and-ride site via random sampling and car park utilization survey to determine the hours of parking. By applying standard multiple linear regression, the attributes that were found to significantly influence the duration of the utilization of the facility are total travel time by rail (via the park-and-ride), income, trip purpose, egress mode and types of rail ticket used.

Over more than a century, narrow-gauge railways (90-100 cm gauge) coexisted with broad-gauge railways (167 cm) in the Portuguese rail system. Construction of narrow-gauge tracks spread out between 1875 and 1943, particularly in the peripheral areas of Portugal. For decades, these lines were the main instrument of mobility for the population that lived in the Portuguese countryside, given the lack of roads and motor vehicles in those regions. They were also crucial for the transformation of that landscape into a technological landscape. Nowadays, just one of the lines is in operation; most were closed in the late 1980s and early 1990s, while others were re-gauged or reconverted to tram systems. The abandonment of these infrastructures left an abundant and important industrial heritage that constitute a relevant aspect of the Portuguese material culture.
In this paper I analyse the implementation of this technology, as a low-cost technical solution to build railways in peripheral, rugged, sparsely populated areas. Narrow gauge is studied throughout the different stages of evolution associated with large technological systems: implementation, development, innovation, competition, consolidation, transfer, and decline.
I will examine the reasons for its construction (low-cost, technical adaptability), the challenges it faced (technical, financial, competition by other means of transportation), its transplantation to different contexts (in the mainland and the former colonies), and the main causes for its closure (specially the development of the motorway network).
I will describe the current status of the network (permanent way and rolling stock), what new uses were given to them (if any) and what projects for its reutilization (new forms of mobility) are currently planned or being executed. In this regard, I will highlight to what extent those projects value the existing industrial heritage, respect its authenticity and historical relevance and promote the touristic potential of those areas.

A "vasúti tanfolyam" története mint a vasúti felnőttképzés első intézményesült formája Magyarországon 1846-ban a Pest és Vác közötti vonal megnyitásával jelent meg a kor közlekedését forradalmasító eszköz, a vasút. Az új vívmány nemcsak a közlekedési szokásokat változtatta meg, hanem az élet szinte minden területére, így a gazdaságra, a társadalomra, a kultúrára, az oktatásra és a mentalitásra is komoly hatást gyakorolt. A vasút működtetése szakértelmet kívánt, amely megszerzése egy ideig nem intézményesült keretek között zajlott. Az eszköz expanziója azonban egyre több szakembert kívánt meg. A növekvő képzési igény szülte meg 1872-ben a - pesti Kereskedelmi Akadémián - intézményesült "vasuti tanfolyamot", amely után majd 1887-től lesz vasúti tisztképzés Magyarországon. Jelen tanulmányban a vasúti tanfolyam rövid előéletét, létrejöttét, működését és megszűnését kívánom bemutatni korabeli források alapján.

The paper investigates the management practices in place and the labour market outcomes experienced by workers in the Traffic Branch of the Victorian Railways over the period 1864–
1921. Using longitudinal panel data drawn from several publicly available sources and employing methods similar to those used by Baker et al. (1994a, 1994b), Seltzer and Merrett (1996), Hamilton and MacKinnon (1996) and Maloney and Whatley (1995), the careers of workers permanently employed in the Traffic Branch are examined. An analysis of the ports of entry, career structure, tenure and remuneration patterns indicates that the organisation operated as a well defined yet flexible internal labour market that included both blue- and white-collar positions.

- by Andre Sammartino
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- Labor History (Business), Economic History, Labor Economics, Business History

Η Γέννηση του Σιδηροδρόμου (α΄μισό 19ου αι.): Τεχνολογικές, Κοινωνικές και Ψυχολογικές Όψεις Κεφάλαιο 5: Σιδηρόδρομος & Νέα Αντίληψη του Χρόνου Χωροχρονική Συμπίεση Όχι βιασύνη! Και μια πτήση για το Παρίσι διαρκεί μόνο έντεκα ώρες!... more

The use of scrap rubber from waste motorcycle tire and asphalt materials is expected to improve the quality of the ballast structure. The objective of this paper is to analyze the characteristics of ballast mixture with additional scrap rubber (uniformed size 3/8” and graded size No.4, 3/8", 1/2", 3/4", 1") and asphalt materials through compressive strength test by Micro-Computer Universal Testing Machine (UTM). The samples are made in a ballast box with a size of 40 cm x 20 cm x 30 cm. The parameters of this research are the vertical deformation, the aggregate abrasion, and the elastic modulus of the ballast layer. It could be concluded that asphalt 2% able to improve the stiffness of the ballast layer so it could minimize the vertical deformation and increase the ability to retain the loads up to 28%. Moreover, the use of scrap rubber materials, especially with various sizes between No.4, 3/8", 1/2", 3/4", 1" combined with 2% asphalt could r...

Kniha byla vydána roku 1968 v Českých Budějovicích / The book was published in 1968 in České Budějovice.

- by Andrey Paramonov
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- History, Railway and Transportation History
- by Antonio Santamaria
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- Economic History, Development Economics, Railway Transport, Historiography

The rise of pictograms in the 1960s is usually associated with the Olympic games (Tokyo 1964, Mexico City 1968, München 1972 or world exhibitions (Montréal 1967). It is often suggested that the designers of the symbols for these events, played a pioneering role in their development. Remarkably the role of international organizations that contributed to the development of pictograms in these years has seldom been researched. An organization that was most active in this area was the International Council of Graphic Design Associations (Icograda) as it was then known. President Willy de Majo and his close collaborator Peter Kneebone held the opinion that ideally a standardized and tested pictogram set for general traveller information should be developed. Through its activities Icograda eventually contributed to raising awareness about the necessity of standards for public information symbols. By using the archives of Icograda and researching the organizations and individuals it was dealing with including the ICBLB, UIC, Glyphs Inc., Henry Dreyfuss, and ISO, a more balanced picture of the development of pictograms begins to emerge. This study provides a new, more institutional twist to the history of a popular design theme within the graphic design profession.

- by Wibo Bakker
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- Semiotics, Design, Fashion design, Art

Rigorózní práce Letecké a železniční nehody československých provozovatelů v letech 1948-1989 v denním tisku se zabývá průběhem, historickými okolnostmi a zejména mediálním pokrytím dvaceti závažných dopravních nehod, k nimž došlo v komunistickém Československu. Práce popisuje a porovnává zobrazení těchto nehod ve vzorku denního tisku – v denících Rudé právo a Mladá fronta. Práce ukazuje, jak se ve sledovaném období měnila kvantita i kvalita zpravodajského pokrytí, porovnává rozdíly v jeho rozsahu i obsahu a také v přístupu obou deníků. Snaží se také vysledovat faktory, které způsob zpravodajského pokrytí mohly ovlivnit. Cílem je poukázat na proměny mediálních obsahů a zasadit tato zjištění do historického, společenského, politického a mediálně-teoretického kontextu.

- by Trevor J Rootes
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- Railway and Transportation History

Railway History 1845-2000

The publication contains commentaries and illustrative materials to the biography of the Soviet architect D.P. Buryshkin who was the author of Luga and Gatchina railway stations as well as of many other industrial and public buildings. The attention to the history of the railway stations in Luga and Gatchina and their architectural appearance is important to the same extent as the attention to the history of restoration of this country' railway industry after World War II as a whole.*****Научная заметка содержит впервые публикуемые изобразительные источники, а также комментарии, относящиеся к творчеству советского архитектора Д.П. Бурышкина, автора вокзалов на станциях Луга и Гатчина-Варшавская. Внимание к истории вокзалов в Луге и Гатчине и к их архитектурному облику важно в той же степени, что и внимание к истории восстановления железнодорожного хозяйства страны после Великой Отечественной войны в целом.

Wartesituationen gehören seit jeher zu Bahnreisen. Wie und wo wurde in früheren Zeiten auf die Bahn gewartet, und war es schon immer so geächtet wie heute? Der Beitrag unterzieht die zentrale Mobilitätspraxis einer bau- und... more

On 28 July 1914, the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy declared war on Serbia after its negative response to the ultimatum. Partial mobilization began on July 28 at midnight towards Serbia, where the first front of the Great War was opened. It required a new organizational framework and organizational work from the railway of the Monarchy. In peace time, the Hungarian railways were built up of 12 business management departments (railway headquarters) led by the Minister of Commerce, or subordinated to a separate board, or their own administrative organization. The commitment of the railway network for military purposes was managed in peacetime by a joint 5/Eisenbahnbüro (EB) department of the Ministry of War and the Chiefs of Staff, which had 27 railway commanding centre subordinated to the Monarchy, therefore the entire Hungarian network as well. With the outbreak of war, the 5/E.B. dissolved and military railway authorities were established while the existing railway headquarters started their operation with extended competence. The Central Transportation Management, which was established at that time, led the entire railway service during the mobilization and then to the stations assigned by the chief of military traffic in the hinterland. Subsequently, further transport was carried out by the Field Transportation Management. The Central Transportation Management was the accurate developer, implementer and control body of the planned and ordered rail transport transports with national general and partial competence in all rail transport issues and with full right of disposal. It was divided into a military, a railway department, a locomotive and a car coach management. It was also subdivided into regional and local rail transport, supply and service units. The aim of my presentation is to present the military organizational transformation of the Hungarian railways and their operation during the war period.

Over the last decades, the rail sector has seen considerable reform in the European Union (EU). The overreaching goal has been to revitalise this sector and to make it more competitive to attract traffic from firms operating in other transport markets. By retrieving information from the OECD’s ETCR database, this paper focuses on the rail freight service market and answers the following research question: have liberalisation reform policies increased the market share of rail freight services in the EU? By contributing to the existing literature on the empirical assessment of liberalisation policies in the EU, our findings indicate a positive impact of liberalisation on the market shares of rail freight services. Nevertheless, the paper suggests that merely relying on these policies to sustain the economic growth of rail-freight firms might not suffice alone and that might be important to combine them with other policy solutions such as more environmental-friendly regulations.

Qinghai-Tibet railway is famous for its constructional difficulties and challenges imposed during construction of the railway line. The Chinese engineers however managed to overcome the challenges like permafrost, provision of steady gradient and tunneling especially at a height of 4.9 km above Mean Sea Level. Also at such a height the oxygen level is another short coming for passengers. This presentation merely discusses the challenges and its solution. It's expected that young students and university students will find this presentation handy for getting a brief idea on the engineering challenges especially in railway engineering in frozen areas.
(Note: This presentation is best viewed in MS office-2010 and above and windows media player of win-7 and above)

El 16 de junio pasado, el Fondo Nacional de Fomento al Turismo (Fonatur) entregó a la Secretaría de Medio Ambiente y Recursos Naturales (Semarnat) su Manifestación de Impacto Ambiental (MIA) para la llamada Fase 1 del Proyecto Tren Maya, en las regiones ubicadas en el recorrido desde Palenque (Chiapas), Tabasco, Campeche, hasta Izamal (Yucatán). En este texto quiero resaltar algunas consideraciones sobre un proceso que lo atraviesa transversalmente pero suele pasar desapercibido entre los aspectos ambientales, socioeconómicos y turísticos. Una realidad constitutiva de estos territorios de la Frontera sur-Península de Yucatán, que ha moldeado la región por décadas y lo seguirá haciendo: las (in) movilidades humanas y sus múltiples expresiones (movilidad interna, migración internacional, desplazamiento forzado, desalojo, migración en tránsito, deportaciones, retornos…).

Transportation plays a major role in our day-today life. This paper aims to develop a transaction process through online payment instead of manual process. We can reduce the difficulty of people; carrying a ticket during journey in metro and make traveling more easier by use of E-ticketing. Use of metro cards reduces the time consumed during manual ticket generation; but the commuters must always ensure carrying the card with them during their journey. Our system enables the commuters to manage the reservation and cancellation.

- by IJRASET Publication
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- Computer Science, Railway and Transportation History, Railway
- by Friedrich Newman
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- History, Transport History, Disaster Studies, Public History

an account of a nine month industrial action in support of Ireland's struggle for independence

Historia de los caminos de hierro establecidos en la isla de Cuba durante la última etapa de dominio español, esto es, entre 1868 y 1898.

Početkom povijesnog razdoblja područje sjeverozapadne Hrvatske je inkorporirano u moćnu Rimsku Državu koja na svom središnjem prostoru, ali i u svojim provincijama, organizira poštansku službu - cursus publicus. Ova organizacija isključivo je u službi države i pod njenom kontrolom. Rimljani, koji su poznati kao graditelji osmišljene cestovne mreže, sagradili su i na našem području sustav magistralnih i vicinalnih prometnica. Uz ceste u pravilnim razmacima nastale su postaje za izmjenu konja (mutationes) i veće putničke i poštanske postaje (mansiones) s prenoćištem, radionicama za popravak kola, trgovinama, stajama, skladištima itd.

Flexibility of international transport, which is a driver of all unification projects in transport law does not necessarily depend on the creation of a single act. There is already a duality of international orders in rail transport within Europe and Asia. One is governed by the Convention concerning International Carriage by Rail (COTIF), the other is ruled by two international agreements: the Agreement on International Passenger Transport by Rail (SMPS) and the Agreement on the International Goods Transport by Rail (SMGS). The idea that only a single act shall provide flexibility and incentives for business and trade seems to be anachronistic in the era of polycentric legal orders. International rail transport deserves flexible legal solutions, which can be achieved in other, more adequate ways, also applicable to situations, when different legal regimes govern rail transport contract. Poland is among the border countries that have legal experience in cooperating within both the international legal regimes: COTIF and SMGS/SMPS, and now dealing with the overlapping rules of international conventions and the European law. Whether a single step forward—to one international rail convention, Unified Railway Law (URL)—is a good move, shall be judged in the light of the present legal experience, bearing in mind the ongoing process of decodification of private law.

- by Grzegorz Jan Blicharz
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- Jurisprudence, Comparative Law, Civil Law, Railway Transport

The development and use of mail on the Pacific Coast Railway from 1875 to 1934 in San Luis Obispo County, California is illustrated through examples of postal history, historic photos and a map. RPO postmarks are shown as they changed... more

- by Christopher Palermo
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- Postal History, Railway and Transportation History

O Programa MHIMU -Museus e História dos Municípios -desenvolve ações educativas e técnicas em parceria com prefeituras e órgãos públicos, universidades, escolas, instituições culturais, entidades sociais e a população local. O ponto de partida é a história das cidades e o patrimônio existente nos municípios brasileiros. Estudos, seminários, cursos, exposições, observação direta, práticas de intervenção imediata promovem a preservação e a divulgação de acervos museológicos, paisagens culturais e do patrimônio -histórico, natural, industrial, ferroviário, rural, edificado, artístico e a memória social. O objetivo é estimular a qualidade do ensino na Educação Básica, a formação continuada de professores, técnicos, gestores e conselheiros municipais, a economia criativa e a valorização da cidadania.

- by Laboratório de História e Meio Ambiente and +1
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- Cultural Heritage, Railway and Transportation History, Patrimonio Cultural, Educação

In its rich and articulated territory the Campania region is nowadays crossed by multiple kilometres of railways. Most of them define a still growing and complex system, used every year by fifty million passengers. Unfortunately, the price of technological progress of railway systems in the last fifty years has been the disuse and abandonment of many kilometers of old tracks. These however, are part of no small importance in the historical and natural heritage of the region: a legacy that, without specific strategies of recovery and enhancement, risks being either lost or forgotten, while, on the contrary, it could be exploited as an effective resource to relaunch the economy of areas today little evaluated and outside the conventional tourist trail.

- by Giovanna Russo Krauss and +1
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- Heritage Conservation, Landscape, Railway and Transportation History, Campania

Urbanismo y ferrocarril. La construcción del espacio ferroviario en las ciudades medias españolas es el resultado principal de la tesis doctoral defendida por el autor en la Universidad de Valladolid en julio de 2002. Es una obra fundamentalmente urbanística que incorpora perspectivas propias de la historia contemporánea, de la geografía humana y del propio funcionamiento del ferrocarril en sus diversas vertientes. Su objeto es indagar en un tema peculiar y controvertido: las características urbanísticas que han marcado la relación entre los ferrocarriles interurbanos y las ciudades medianas en España. En el libro se profundiza en estas múltiples interrelaciones espaciales, llegando a la conclusión de que la lógica ferroviaria y la lógica urbanística se han dado la espalda en España ya desde el siglo XIX. La relación entre ferrocarril y ciudad se ha caracterizado por el escaso diálogo entre las disciplinas responsables, hasta llegar al tan habitual como improcedente modo de contemplar el ferrocarril como un problema urbano. La obra se organiza en dos grandes títulos: el primero estudia la relación ferrocarril-ciudad desde una perspectiva general y diacrónica (los pasos a nivel, los enlaces ferroviarios, las redes arteriales ferroviarias, las estaciones comunes…) y el segundo plantea casos-tipo, pioneros y ejemplificadores, de determinadas soluciones urbanístico-ferroviarias desarrolladas durante los dos últimos tercios del siglo pasado.

O novo plano ferroviário nacional: lições da História da Tecnologia O importante é que os critérios para a escolha final sejam claros, os estudos técnicos sejam disponibilizados publicamente, todo o processo de dec da novela Novo... more

THE RESTRUCTURING OF RAILWAY STATION PROPERTIES BELONGING TO PKP S.A.'S RAILWAY STATION BRANCH. "Branch Railway Stations within the Polish State Railways company arose following implementation of the Act on commercialisation, restructuring and privatization of the "Polish State Railways" state enterprise. The process of creation was initiated in 2000 and continues to the present. The huge impact on the present character of the company were changes that were introduced in 2010. After that year, a process began whose effect was to increase the real estate railway stations managed by the department from 83 to more than 900. The increase in resources was not merely quantitative but also qualitative.
The article presents the results of studies describing the state and the current structure of the Railway Stations Railway Company S.A.
Key words: railway station, property, resource, restructuring, commercialization.""

- by Sebastian Banaszek
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- Land and Property Development, Railway Transport, Property Law, Urban Planning

loannis Tserkezis, born in 1874, in Mazotos, a village in the Larnaca district of Cyprus, came from a poor family and was sent by his father to Smyrna, in 1888, aged 14, to seek employment to strengthen the family's income. The young Greek Cypriot's family was counting on help that would be provided to the young immigrant by his uncle (on his father 's side), who had been living in that multicultural Ottoman city for a considerable length of time. Despite his uncle 's efforts, the search for employment proved fruitless, and thus, after a brief period of time, Tserkezis was forced to return to his native country. He was not disheartened, though. He continued his efforts to find employment abroad during the years that followed. In 1899, he made efforts to settle in Alexandria and in 1902 went back to Smyrna, but both ventures proved unsuccessful. Up until then Tserkezis had chosen to emigrate to the most common destinations for the Cypriots of the time. That is, to Egy...

- by Nicolas Manitakis and +1
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- American History, Transport History, Cyprus Studies, Transatlantic History