Saab 35 Draken (original) (raw)
Die Saab 35 Draken (auf Deutsch übersetzt Drachen/Drache) ist ein einstrahliges Überschallkampfflugzeug, das von Saab für die schwedischen Luftstreitkräfte entwickelt wurde. Sie löste dort die Vorgängermuster Saab 29 Tunnan und Saab 32 Lansen ab.
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| dbo:abstract | Saab 35 Draken byl stíhací letoun vyráběný mezi roky 1955 a 1974 švédskou firmou Saab. Draken byl původně navržen, aby nahradil starší letouny Saab J 29 Tunnan a později i stíhací verzi (J 32B) letounu Saab 32 Lansen. Bylo u něho představeno inovativní dvojité delta křídlo. Za účelem otestování tohoto dosud neprobádaného aerodynamického prvku bylo vyrobeno a zalétáno menší experimentální letadlo, Saab 210. Do služby u švédského letectva byl zařazen 8. března 1960. První modely byly zamýšleny výhradně k provádění misí protivzdušné obrany a v této době byly považovány za schopného stíhače pro manévrový vzdušný souboj. Šlo o první plně nadzvukové letadlo, které bylo v západní Evropě nasazeno do služby. V 80. letech 20. století byly švédské Drakeny do značné míry nahrazovány vyspělejším stíhačem Saab 37 Viggen, zatímco zavedení výkonnějšího stíhače Saab JAS 39 Gripen se očekávalo během deseti let, i když se nakonec zpozdilo. V důsledku omezení a vysokých nákladů na údržbu se švédské letectvo rozhodlo, že v prosinci 1999 budou Drakeny vyřazeny. Díky tomu, že šlo o vysoce účinný nadzvukový stíhací letoun, došlo během studené války i k jeho vývozu. Jeden z dochovaných letounů je umístěn i v leteckém muzeu Kbely. (cs) Die Saab 35 Draken (auf Deutsch übersetzt Drachen/Drache) ist ein einstrahliges Überschallkampfflugzeug, das von Saab für die schwedischen Luftstreitkräfte entwickelt wurde. Sie löste dort die Vorgängermuster Saab 29 Tunnan und Saab 32 Lansen ab. (de) Le Saab J35 Draken (Dragon) est un avion de chasse conçu et construit par la Suède, successeur du Saab J 29 Tunnan. Il se caractérise par une aile en double delta et pouvait atteindre la vitesse de Mach 2,0 à partir de la version J 35D. Environ 600 Draken ont été construits au total, mis en service dans 4 armées de l'air différentes jusqu'au début des années 2000. (fr) El Saab 35 Draken (en español: "dragón" o "cometa") es un avión de combate sueco construido por Saab entre 1955 y 1974. El Draken fue fabricado para reemplazar al Saab 29 Tunnan y, posteriormente, a la variante caza del Saab 32 Lansen. (es) Saab 35 Draken merupakan sebuah pesawat tempur supersonik sayap delta yang dikeluarkan oleh Saab antara tahun 1955 hingga 1974. Draken telah dibangun untuk mengantikan pesawat Saab J 29 Tunnan dan kemudian pesawat J 32B. J 35 merupakan sebuah pesawat pejuang kecepatan supersonik era Perang Dingin yang efisien. Pesawat ini juga telah diekspor ke negara-negara lain. (in) The Saab 35 Draken (IPA: [²drɑːkɛn]; 'The Kite' or 'The Dragon') is a Swedish fighter-interceptor developed and manufactured by Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebolaget (SAAB) between 1955 and 1974. Development of the Saab 35 Draken started in 1948 as the Swedish air force future replacement for the then also in development Saab 29 Tunnan dayfighter and Saab 32B Lansen night fighter. It featured an innovative but unproven double delta wing, which led to the creation of a sub-scale test aircraft, the Saab 210, which was produced and flown to test this previously-unexplored aerodynamic feature. The full-scale production version entered service with frontline squadrons of the Swedish Air Force on 8 March 1960. It received the designation Flygplan 35 (Fpl 35; 'Aeroplane 35') and was produced in several variants and types, most commonly as a fighter type with the prefix J (J 35), standing for Jaktflygplan (Pursuit-aircraft), the Swedish term for fighter aircraft. The Saab 35 Draken is known for, among other things, its many "firsts" within aviation. It was the first Western European-built combat aircraft with true supersonic capability to enter service and the first fully supersonic aircraft to be deployed in Western Europe. Designwise it was one of, if not the first, combat aircraft designed with double delta wings, being drawn up by early 1950. The unconventional wing design also had the side effect of making it the first known aircraft to be capable of and perform the Cobra maneuver. It was also one of the first Western-European-built aircraft to exceed Mach 2 in level flight, reaching it on 14 January 1960. The Draken functioned as an effective supersonic fighter aircraft of the Cold War period. Even though the type was designed and intended as an interceptor, it was considered to be a very capable dogfighter for the era. In Swedish service, it underwent several upgrades, the ultimate of these being the J 35J model. By the 1980s, the SAF's Drakens had largely been replaced by the more advanced Saab 37 Viggen fighter, while the introduction of the more capable Saab JAS 39 Gripen fighter was expected in service within a decade, although delayed. As a consequence of cutbacks and high maintenance costs, the SAF opted to retire the Draken during December 1999. The type was also exported to the air forces of Austria, Denmark and Finland. Danish aircraft have been exported, post-service, to the United States where they have seen use as training aircraft for test pilots. (en) 사브 J 35 드라켄은 스웨덴의 전투기이다. (ko) De Saab 35 Draken (Zweeds: vlieger of draak) was een onderscheppingsjager van de Zweedse vliegtuigfabriek Saab die later ook verder werd ontwikkeld als trainer (SK 35C) en fotoverkenner (S 35E). Er werden totaal 650 toestellen afgeleverd in de diverse varianten.De Saab Draken was operationeel bij de luchtmachten van Denemarken, Finland, Oostenrijk en Zweden. Het toestel werd vanaf 1971 bij de Zweedse luchtmacht afgelost door zijn opvolger de Saab J37 Viggen. (nl) サーブ 35 ドラケン（SAAB 35 Draken）はスウェーデンのサーブ社がスウェーデン空軍のサーブ 29 トゥンナンの後継として開発した戦闘機。愛称のドラケンはスウェーデン語で「竜（ドラゴン）」の意。 当初は昼間要撃機として開発されたが、改良により全天候要撃機へ、また一部は多目的戦闘機（マルチロール機）へと変貌した。 (ja) Il Saab 35 Draken, noto anche come J 35, è un aereo da caccia svedese da superiorità aerea e attacco al suolo, il primo aereo scandinavo capace di raggiungere Mach 2. Molto innovativo nella sua struttura aerodinamica, ha prestato servizio per circa 40 anni ricoprendo praticamente tutti i ruoli possibili per una macchina tattica. (it) Saab J 35 Draken lub Saab 35 – szwedzki samolot myśliwski produkowany przez wytwórnię Saab w latach 1955–1974. Myśliwiec Draken powstał jako następca samolotu Saab Tunnan i myśliwskiej wersji Saab Lansen. J 35 był pierwszym, zachodnioeuropejskim, myśliwskim samolotem ponaddźwiękowym, który znalazł się na wyposażeniu sił powietrznych. Łącznie wyprodukowano 644 egzemplarze wszystkich odmian Drakena. (pl) Saab 35 Draken är ett enmotorigt svenskt jaktflygplan med dubbel deltavinge som utvecklades av Saab AB för det svenska flygvapnet, där det ersatte J 29, J 32 och J 34. Flygplanet var det första riktiga överljudsflygplanet att tas i tjänst i Västeuropa och kom att brukas militärt i över 40 år i fyra europeiska länder. Första flygningen gjordes 1955, och planet togs i tjänst 1960. Draken var ursprungligen utvecklad som ett höghöjdsjaktplan men kom att på grund av sin konfiguration även att bli ett effektivt jaktflygplan på lägre höjder. Planet var även det första att göra den avancerade flygmanövern kort parad, vilket även brukades som en stridsmanöver. Saab 35 Draken togs ur svensk militär tjänst 1998, österrikiska flygvapnet flög till 2005. Några exemplar i Sverige och andra länder hålls i flygdugligt skick. (sv) O Saab J 35 Draken foi um caça supersônico sueco fabricado pela Saab, sendo o sucessor do Saab Tunnan e do Saab Lansen. Foi substituído pelo Saab Viggen. (pt) Saab 35 Draken (швед. Saab 35 Draken, draken — повітряний змій/дракон) — шведський надзвуковий винищувач. Розроблений компанією SAAB в середині 1950-х років для заміни винищувача Saab 29 Tunnan. В 1960 прийнятий на озброєння ВПС Швеції, де використовувався до 1998. Поставлявся на експорт в Австрію, Данію та Фінляндію. Головна особливість «Дракена» — крило Бартіні — незвичайне трикутне крило подвійної стріловидності. (uk) Сааб 35 «Дракен» (швед. Saab 35 Draken, draken — воздушный змей/дракон) — шведский сверхзвуковой истребитель. Разработан компанией SAAB в середине 1950-х годов для замены истребителя Saab 29 Tunnan. В 1960 году принят на вооружение ВВС Швеции, где использовался до 1998 года. Поставлялся на экспорт в Австрию, Данию и Финляндию. Отличительная особенность «Дракена» — крыло Бартини — необычное треугольное крыло двойной стреловидности. (ru) J 35「龍」（瑞典語:J 35 Draken）是瑞典薩博集團研制的戰鬥機，亦是世界上首次運用雙三角形機翼佈局用於機體設計的全天候多用途戰機。 1955年至1974年間，瑞典空軍委託紳寶集團製造以接替當時的戰機與的戰鬥機。J 35原型機首飛於1955年，起初設定原為「日間戰鬥機」，後來變化成全天候攔截以及多用途戰機，是一種有效的超音速戰鬥機。 J 35曾出口到奧地利，丹麥和芬蘭三國。 (zh) |
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| dbp:caption | Saab 35A (en) J 35Ö Drakenref|This J 35Ö is technically a MK2 but for some reason it did not receive the RWR-receiver on the tail and thus looks borderline identical to the pre MK2 version. |
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| dbp:eng1Type | afterburning turbojet engine (en) |
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| dbp:ferryRangeNote | with external drop tanks (en) |
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| dbp:lists | * List of fighter aircraft * List of military aircraft of Sweden (en) |
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| dbp:ref | The Great Book of Fighters, Combat Aircraft since 1945, Saab 35 Draken in Finnish Air Force, SAAB Aircraft since 1937 (en) |
| dbp:related | * Saab 210 (en) |
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| dbp:seeAlso | * General Dynamics F-16XL (en) |
| dbp:similarAircraft | * Avro Canada CF-105 Arrow * Convair F-102 Delta Dagger * Convair F-106 Delta Dart * Dassault Mirage III * English Electric Lightning * Lockheed F-104 Starfighter * Mikoyan-Gurevich MiG-21 (en) |
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| dbp:summary | Technological family tree of the Saab 35 (en) |
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| rdfs:comment | Die Saab 35 Draken (auf Deutsch übersetzt Drachen/Drache) ist ein einstrahliges Überschallkampfflugzeug, das von Saab für die schwedischen Luftstreitkräfte entwickelt wurde. Sie löste dort die Vorgängermuster Saab 29 Tunnan und Saab 32 Lansen ab. (de) Le Saab J35 Draken (Dragon) est un avion de chasse conçu et construit par la Suède, successeur du Saab J 29 Tunnan. Il se caractérise par une aile en double delta et pouvait atteindre la vitesse de Mach 2,0 à partir de la version J 35D. Environ 600 Draken ont été construits au total, mis en service dans 4 armées de l'air différentes jusqu'au début des années 2000. (fr) El Saab 35 Draken (en español: "dragón" o "cometa") es un avión de combate sueco construido por Saab entre 1955 y 1974. El Draken fue fabricado para reemplazar al Saab 29 Tunnan y, posteriormente, a la variante caza del Saab 32 Lansen. (es) Saab 35 Draken merupakan sebuah pesawat tempur supersonik sayap delta yang dikeluarkan oleh Saab antara tahun 1955 hingga 1974. Draken telah dibangun untuk mengantikan pesawat Saab J 29 Tunnan dan kemudian pesawat J 32B. J 35 merupakan sebuah pesawat pejuang kecepatan supersonik era Perang Dingin yang efisien. Pesawat ini juga telah diekspor ke negara-negara lain. (in) 사브 J 35 드라켄은 스웨덴의 전투기이다. (ko) De Saab 35 Draken (Zweeds: vlieger of draak) was een onderscheppingsjager van de Zweedse vliegtuigfabriek Saab die later ook verder werd ontwikkeld als trainer (SK 35C) en fotoverkenner (S 35E). Er werden totaal 650 toestellen afgeleverd in de diverse varianten.De Saab Draken was operationeel bij de luchtmachten van Denemarken, Finland, Oostenrijk en Zweden. Het toestel werd vanaf 1971 bij de Zweedse luchtmacht afgelost door zijn opvolger de Saab J37 Viggen. (nl) サーブ 35 ドラケン（SAAB 35 Draken）はスウェーデンのサーブ社がスウェーデン空軍のサーブ 29 トゥンナンの後継として開発した戦闘機。愛称のドラケンはスウェーデン語で「竜（ドラゴン）」の意。 当初は昼間要撃機として開発されたが、改良により全天候要撃機へ、また一部は多目的戦闘機（マルチロール機）へと変貌した。 (ja) Il Saab 35 Draken, noto anche come J 35, è un aereo da caccia svedese da superiorità aerea e attacco al suolo, il primo aereo scandinavo capace di raggiungere Mach 2. Molto innovativo nella sua struttura aerodinamica, ha prestato servizio per circa 40 anni ricoprendo praticamente tutti i ruoli possibili per una macchina tattica. (it) Saab J 35 Draken lub Saab 35 – szwedzki samolot myśliwski produkowany przez wytwórnię Saab w latach 1955–1974. Myśliwiec Draken powstał jako następca samolotu Saab Tunnan i myśliwskiej wersji Saab Lansen. J 35 był pierwszym, zachodnioeuropejskim, myśliwskim samolotem ponaddźwiękowym, który znalazł się na wyposażeniu sił powietrznych. Łącznie wyprodukowano 644 egzemplarze wszystkich odmian Drakena. (pl) O Saab J 35 Draken foi um caça supersônico sueco fabricado pela Saab, sendo o sucessor do Saab Tunnan e do Saab Lansen. Foi substituído pelo Saab Viggen. (pt) Saab 35 Draken (швед. Saab 35 Draken, draken — повітряний змій/дракон) — шведський надзвуковий винищувач. Розроблений компанією SAAB в середині 1950-х років для заміни винищувача Saab 29 Tunnan. В 1960 прийнятий на озброєння ВПС Швеції, де використовувався до 1998. Поставлявся на експорт в Австрію, Данію та Фінляндію. Головна особливість «Дракена» — крило Бартіні — незвичайне трикутне крило подвійної стріловидності. (uk) Сааб 35 «Дракен» (швед. Saab 35 Draken, draken — воздушный змей/дракон) — шведский сверхзвуковой истребитель. Разработан компанией SAAB в середине 1950-х годов для замены истребителя Saab 29 Tunnan. В 1960 году принят на вооружение ВВС Швеции, где использовался до 1998 года. Поставлялся на экспорт в Австрию, Данию и Финляндию. Отличительная особенность «Дракена» — крыло Бартини — необычное треугольное крыло двойной стреловидности. (ru) J 35「龍」（瑞典語:J 35 Draken）是瑞典薩博集團研制的戰鬥機，亦是世界上首次運用雙三角形機翼佈局用於機體設計的全天候多用途戰機。 1955年至1974年間，瑞典空軍委託紳寶集團製造以接替當時的戰機與的戰鬥機。J 35原型機首飛於1955年，起初設定原為「日間戰鬥機」，後來變化成全天候攔截以及多用途戰機，是一種有效的超音速戰鬥機。 J 35曾出口到奧地利，丹麥和芬蘭三國。 (zh) Saab 35 Draken byl stíhací letoun vyráběný mezi roky 1955 a 1974 švédskou firmou Saab. Draken byl původně navržen, aby nahradil starší letouny Saab J 29 Tunnan a později i stíhací verzi (J 32B) letounu Saab 32 Lansen. Bylo u něho představeno inovativní dvojité delta křídlo. Za účelem otestování tohoto dosud neprobádaného aerodynamického prvku bylo vyrobeno a zalétáno menší experimentální letadlo, Saab 210. Do služby u švédského letectva byl zařazen 8. března 1960. První modely byly zamýšleny výhradně k provádění misí protivzdušné obrany a v této době byly považovány za schopného stíhače pro manévrový vzdušný souboj. (cs) The Saab 35 Draken (IPA: [²drɑːkɛn]; 'The Kite' or 'The Dragon') is a Swedish fighter-interceptor developed and manufactured by Svenska Aeroplan Aktiebolaget (SAAB) between 1955 and 1974. Development of the Saab 35 Draken started in 1948 as the Swedish air force future replacement for the then also in development Saab 29 Tunnan dayfighter and Saab 32B Lansen night fighter. It featured an innovative but unproven double delta wing, which led to the creation of a sub-scale test aircraft, the Saab 210, which was produced and flown to test this previously-unexplored aerodynamic feature. The full-scale production version entered service with frontline squadrons of the Swedish Air Force on 8 March 1960. It received the designation Flygplan 35 (Fpl 35; 'Aeroplane 35') and was produced in several v (en) Saab 35 Draken är ett enmotorigt svenskt jaktflygplan med dubbel deltavinge som utvecklades av Saab AB för det svenska flygvapnet, där det ersatte J 29, J 32 och J 34. Flygplanet var det första riktiga överljudsflygplanet att tas i tjänst i Västeuropa och kom att brukas militärt i över 40 år i fyra europeiska länder. Första flygningen gjordes 1955, och planet togs i tjänst 1960. Saab 35 Draken togs ur svensk militär tjänst 1998, österrikiska flygvapnet flög till 2005. Några exemplar i Sverige och andra länder hålls i flygdugligt skick. (sv) |
| rdfs:label | Saab 35 Draken (en) Saab 35 Draken (cs) Saab 35 (de) Saab 35 Draken (es) Saab 35 Draken (in) Saab 35 Draken (fr) Saab 35 Draken (it) サーブ 35 ドラケン (ja) 사브 J 35 드라켄 (ko) Saab 35 Draken (nl) Saab J35 Draken (pl) Saab 35 Draken (pt) Saab 35 Draken (ru) Saab 35 Draken (sv) J 35战斗机 (zh) Saab 35 Draken (uk) |
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