would - Weblio 英和・和英辞典 (original) (raw)
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意味・対訳 …であろう、…しよう、(どうしても)…しようとした、常習的に…する、いつも…する、…したものだった、よく…した、…だったろう、…する能力があった、…することができた
| コア | 「あることに向かう意志[傾向]があるだろう[あった]ということ」を示すwouldは過去の事柄についてのⅠ直説法過去と,時間的には必ずしも過去の事柄を表さず,概して現在に属するⅡ仮定法の表現に分かれる |
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音節would 発音記号・読み方
/(弱形) (w)əd(米国英語), wəd(英国英語)/
| wouldの学習レベル | レベル:1英検:3級以上の単語学校レベル:中学以上の水準TOEIC® L&Rスコア:220点以上の単語 |
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would
音節 would 発音記号・読み方 / (弱形) (w)əd, d; (強形) wˈʊd/ 発音を聞く
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would
音節would発音記号・読み方((弱))wəd, (ə)d;((強))wʊ́d
コア「あることに向かう意志[傾向]があるだろう[あった]ということ」を示すwouldは過去の事柄についてのⅠ直説法過去と,時間的には必ずしも過去の事柄を表さず,概して現在に属するⅡ仮定法の表現に分かれる
(短縮形は'd)
Ⅰ直説法過去(過去の意志・推量)
1〔過去における未来への推量(時制の一致)〕…するでしょう,…する(予定だ)(通例間接話法・従属節で用いて,訳はwillと同じ)
- I thought it would rain, but it didn't.
雨が降るだろうと思ったが,降らなかった - She said she would be a mother in six months.(
が間接話法で人称変化を伴い過去時制になるとwouldが用いられることが多い) - He had to work hard so he would pass the test.
彼は試験に受かるために一生懸命頑張らなくてはならなかった
2〔過去における意志(時制の一致)〕(通例間接話法・従属節で用いて,訳はwillと同じ)a…するつもりだ,…しましょう
b((“ill you do ...?”の間接話法で))…してくれませんか,しませんか
3〔過去における主語の強い意志〕(どうしても)…しようとした
- I asked him to listen to my advice, but he wouldn't.
私の忠告に耳を傾けるように頼んでも彼は決して聞く耳をもたなかった - I had a hard time as my PC wouldn't start.
パソコンがどうしても起動してくれなくて困った(パソコンに意志があるかのように語る擬人法)
4〔過去の習慣〕((肯定文))…したものだった(ときにoften, alwaysなどを伴う.行為に向かう意志を抱いていたというのが本来の意味であるため,意志の働きを必要としない状態動詞と共には使わない)
- Whenever Tim was angry, he would eat a lot.
ティムは腹をたてるたびに,やけ食いをしたものだった - As a student I would often stay up all night.
学生のころはよく徹夜したものだった
Ⅱ仮定法・遠回し表現
5〔願望〕((条件節内あるいはI wishの後で))…してくれると
- I would be very grateful if you would send me the papers.
もしその書類を送ってくださると大変にありがたく思います(このif you would ...は遠回しの依頼.主節のwouldは仮定法帰結節の用法) - I wish she would give up smoking.
彼女がたばこをやめてくれるといいんだが
6〔仮定法帰結節〕((条件節を伴って))(もし…なら)…だろう;《would have done》(もし…だったら)…だっただろう
- You would have better grades if you studied every day.
毎日勉強すれば君の成績は上がるだろう - What would you do if they should disagree?
万一彼らが反対したらどうするのですか - It would be cruel for you to leave her now.
今彼女のもとを去るのは残酷でしょう(不定詞に仮定が含まれる) - I'd be glad to keep you company.
いつでもよろこんでお伴しましょう(←あなたにお伴できればうれしいでしょう)(不定詞に仮定が含まれる) - I wouldn't do that.
私(があなた)ならそんなことはしないでしょう(過去の事柄でなければif節がなくても仮定法(帰結節)と判断できる) - I would have failed if you hadn't helped me then.
あのときあなたが手伝ってくれなければ私は失敗していたでしょう - A quicker treatment would have saved the patient.
もっと早く治療を行っていたらあの患者は救われていただろう(主語の形容部分に仮定が含まれる) - His theory would have been accepted half a century ago.
彼の理論は半世紀前だったら受け入れられていたでしょう(half ...の副詞句に仮定が含まれる)
7〔遠回しの意志〕(ある条件・仮定のもとで)…するつもりがある
- I would help you anytime.
(必要とあれば)いつでもお手伝いいたしましょう - What kind of advice would you give to her?
彼女にどんなアドバイスをするつもりですか(「あなたなら」「もし求められたら」というような言外の仮定が読み取れる)
8〔遠回しの主観の提示・婉曲〕((おもに米口))(((英))should)a((一人称主語でsay, think, imagineなどの動詞とともに))(あえて言うなら)…じゃないでしょうか,…ではないかと思いますが
- I'd say we are in the wrong.
われわれが間違っているんじゃないでしょうか - She is rather selfish, I would think.
彼女はちょっと勝手じゃないかと思いますが
b((like, love, hateなど好悪の感情を示す動詞と共に))(できれば)…を望む
- “Would you like some coffee?"“I'd love it."
「コーヒーをお飲みになりますか」「ぜひいただきたいです」 - “Would you care for some more wine?"“Yes, please ."
「ワインをもう少しいかがですか」「はい,いただきます[いえ,結構です]」 - I'd hate you to think I was disturbing you.
君の邪魔をしているとは思われたくない
9〔(現在の)習慣への遠回しの非難〕(いつも)…しようとする(のはいいかげんにしてほしい)
- You would always talk to me when I try to concentrate on something.
あなたは私が何かに集中しようとするといつも話しかけてこようとするんだから
- I think he would be late again.
彼はまた遅れるだろうと思う - You'd never know how much I care about you.
私がどれほどあなたのことを思っているかあなたは知らないでしょう - Would it be possible to take another test?
追試を受けるのは可能でしょうか - He would have arrived there by now.
今ごろ彼はそこに着いているでしょう(by nowなどを伴って明らかに現在が基準だと判断できる文脈では,would have doneはすでになされた[ている]事柄に対する推量になる)
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would
「would」は様々な文脈で使用される助動詞である。
「would」とは・「would」の意味
「would」は、未来の事象に対する推量や意志、過去の習慣、仮定法の過去形、仮定法過去完了の表現など、多岐にわたる用法を持つ助動詞である。
「would」の用法
助動詞
「would」が助動詞として使われる場合、以下のような意味を持つ。
・未来の事象に対する推量:〜だろう
・意志の表明:〜であればよいのだが、〜したいと思う
・過去の習慣:〜したものだった
・仮定法過去:〜するだろう
・仮定法過去完了:〜したであろう
具体的な例を以下に示す。
・例文
1. I would say he's about 30 years old.(彼は30歳くらいだろうと私は言うだろう。)
2. Would you like some coffee?(コーヒーはいかがでしょうか?)
3. When I was a child, I would play outside until it got dark.(子供の頃、暗くなるまで外で遊んでいたものだ。)
4. If I knew her address, I would send her an invitation.(彼女の住所を知っていれば、招待状を送るのだが。)
5. If I had known you were in trouble, I would have helped you.(あなたが困っていると知っていたら、助けたであろうに。)
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would
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would
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would do
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would
出典:『Wiktionary』 (2026/04/09 01:26 UTC 版)
発音
- (weak form) IPA: /wəd/, /əd/
- IPA: (Early Modern) /(w)ʊ(l)d/
- (strong form) IPA: /wʊd/
- IPA: (Early Modern) /wuːld/
- (Scotland, Northern Ireland, strong form) IPA: /wʉd/
- Homophone: wood
- 韻: -ʊd
動詞
would (auxiliary)
- Past tense of will; usually followed by a bare infinitive.
- Used to form the "anterior future", or "future in the past", indicating a futurity relative to a past time. [from 9th c.]
- Used to, did repeatedly, habitually; indicates an action that happened several times in the past (cannot describe continuous states, as in I used to live in London) [from 9th c.]
When we were younger, we would cycle out to the beach most summer Sundays. - Was or were determined to; indicating someone's insistence upon doing something. [from 18th c.]
- (archaic) Wanted to. [from 9th c.]
- 1852, James Murdock, trans. Johann Lorenz Mosheim, Institutes of Ecclesiastical History, II.7.iii:
The Greeks, especially those who would be thought adepts in mystic theology, ran after fantastic allegories […].
- 1852, James Murdock, trans. Johann Lorenz Mosheim, Institutes of Ecclesiastical History, II.7.iii:
- (archaic) Used with ellipsis of the infinitive verb, or postponement to a relative clause, in various senses. [from 9th c.]
- (obsolete) Wished, desired (something). [9th–19th c.]
- A modal verb, the subjunctive of will; usually followed by a bare infinitive.
- Used as the auxiliary of the simple conditional modality, indicating a state or action that is conditional on another. [from 9th c.]
- Without explicit condition, or with loose or vague implied condition, indicating a hypothetical or imagined state or action.
- Suggesting conditionality or potentiality in order to express a sense of politeness, tentativeness, indirectness, hesitancy, uncertainty, etc. [from 9th c.]
- Used to express what the speaker would do in another person's situation, as a means of giving a suggestion or recommendation.
It's disgraceful the way that they've treated you. I would write and complain. - Used to express the speaker's belief or assumption.
- Could naturally be expected to (given the situation, the tendencies of someone's character etc.). [from 18th c.]
- Used interrogatively to express a polite request; are (you) willing to …? [from 15th c.]
- (chiefly archaic) Might wish (+ verb in past subjunctive); often used in the first person (with or without that) in the sense of "if only". [from 13th c.]
- c. 1591–1595 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedie of Romeo and Ivliet”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act III, scene iv]:
- 1599 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Life of Henry the Fift”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies […] (First Folio), London: […] Isaac Iaggard, and Ed[ward] Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, [Act IV, scene iii]:
- 1912, Philostratus, Life of Apollonius of Tyana, translated by F. C. Conybeare (Loeb Classical Library), 8.16:
But as the youth increased their annoyance by declaring that the goddess was quite right, because the Emperor was Archon Eponym of the city of Athens, he said: "Would that he also presided the Panathenaic festival."
- (chiefly archaic, transitive or control verb) Might desire; wish (something). [from 15th c.]
使用する際の注意点
- As an auxiliary verb, would is followed by the bare infinitive (without to):
John said he would have fish for dinner. - Would is frequently contracted to 'd, especially after a pronoun (as in I'd, you'd, and so on).
- The term would-be retains the senses of both desire and potentiality (those of wannabe and might-be, respectively).
- Indicating a wish, would takes a clause in the past subjunctive (irrealis) mood; this clause may or may not be introduced with that. Most commonly in modern usage, it is followed by the adverb rather, as in I would rather that he go now. A call to a deity or other higher power is sometimes interposed after would and before the subjunctive clause, as in Would to God that […] ; see the citations page for examples.
- When used, mainly archaically, in the sense of "if only", the first-person subject pronoun is often omitted.
- For past habits, as a synonym of used to, would cannot be used with stative verbs.
同意語
- (indicating an action in the past that happened repeatedly or commonly): used to
- (used to express a polite request): be so good as to, kindly, please
派生語
- as fate would have it
- as luck would have it
- be it what it would
- butter would not melt in someone's mouth
- chance would be a fine thing
- claret would be port if it could
- do unto others as you would have them do unto you
- Eddie would go
- face that would stop a clock
- how would I know
- if pigs had wings, they would fly
- I would
- I would rather die
- never-would-be
- the cat would eat fish but would not wet her feet
- what would Jesus do
- what would you like
- who would have guessed
- who would have known
- who would have thought it
- who would have thunk it
- would give a Jew's eye
- would have liked to
- would it hurt
- would it kill someone
- would lose one's head if it wasn't attached
- would lose one's head if it wasn't bolted on
- would lose one's head if it wasn't glued on
- would lose one's head if it wasn't screwed on
- would lose one's head if it wasn't stuck on
- would lose one's head if it wasn't tied on
- would lose one's head if it weren't attached
- would the real someone please stand up
- would you believe
- would you believe it
- would you be so kind as to
- would you like to go out with me
- would you mind putting on your seat belt
- you would think
関連する語
- will - present tense of would
- wouldn't - negative of would
- wouldst - archaic second person singular form of would
- would like
- would've
間投詞
would
- (slang, idiomatic) Ellipsis of I would, used to denote that the speaker finds another person sexually attractive.
参考
- could
- should
- Appendix:English modal verbs
- Appendix:English tag questions
Modal verbs on Wikipedia.Wikipedia
参照
- ↑ Dobson, E[ric] J. (1957), English pronunciation 1500-1700, second edition, volume II: Phonology, Oxford: Clarendon Press, published 1968, →OCLC, § 4, page 462.
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Would?
出典:『Wikipedia』 (2011/05/16 09:52 UTC 版)
英語による解説
ウィキペディア英語版からの引用
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would
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「would」を含む例文一覧
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| Wiktionary | Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) and/or GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL).Weblio英和・和英辞典に掲載されている「Wiktionary英語版」の記事は、Wiktionaryのwould (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA)もしくはGNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 |
| Wikipedia | Text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA) and/or GNU Free Documentation License (GFDL).Weblio英和・和英辞典に掲載されている「Wikipedia英語版」の記事は、WikipediaのWould? (改訂履歴)の記事を複製、再配布したものにあたり、Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC-BY-SA)もしくはGNU Free Documentation Licenseというライセンスの下で提供されています。 |
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