Iaeme Ijm Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Environmental education is a tool used for behavioral changes, this research aims its objectives to create an environmental system in the management of municipal solid waste that focuses on the effectiveness of the environmental education process for knowledge transfer on the “solid waste separation and organic waste composting by the concrete box technology” through non-formal education and monitor the behavioral changes. The research target group was acquired by the process of volunteer sampling from the solid waste management interested groups that consisted of community leaders, committees and representative from Ubon Ratchathani and Trang provinces in Thailand. The environmental education program consisted of a guideline for managing municipal waste, media documentaries, lecturer, on-site activity, group works and the presentation of their works. The equipment used in this research is a knowledge management plan that includes examination forms of pre and post-test and the training evaluation form. In statically analyzing the data the average, standard deviation, efficiency index (EI) and t-test for dependent samples. The results of the environmental education process on community waste was shown through the pre and post-test that was used before and after the training. The average test scores were that after the training program was 13.20, representing 88.00%, which is higher than the set criteria of 80 percent. In Comparing the before and after training results, there are a significant dif erence at a significance level at 0.05. The effectiveness of the environmental education process in the community waste was monitor every month for 3 months, the results found that there was a behavioral change as seen that 65.62% of the households within the community managed to separate their waste. The process of up cycling the waste materials, was seen that 1-2 times a week as these waste categories were divided into 53.33% organic wastes as they were used to grow flowers and vegetables, 43.33% practice on a daily basis, For that hazardous waste, the process was through dumping into the government facility as this was performed 1 time per month and accounted for 86.67% and dissemination of knowledge was given to the families and people in the community as they practice 3-5 days a week accounting for 43.33% of all participants thought that waste separation before disposal is a good thing for the community 100.00%.

In this article we written about the dif erence between concept and understanding, language, culture and thought of the usage measuring relationships. The sematic paradigm of the language, using word etymology detection, layers of language. Importance of proverbs that how can be used as a linguistically or culturally as a example of Korean and Uzbek countries. It has been studied that these concepts exist in the system, it is derived from other concepts, if it is separated from the system, it gives a wrong idea about the object under study.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Proverbs, Concepts, Metaphors, Expressions

Population growth is the main challenge for the total Cultivable/Agricultural Land in India. The Box-Jenkins model is used in this study to forecast the total Cultivable/Agricultural Land in India. This study is based on the data of total cultivable land in India, covering from 2050-51 to 2017-18 of the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare, Government of India. The diagnostic check reveals that ARIMA (2, 1, 0) is the best model for forecasting total Cultivable/Agricultural Land in India. To know the future demand of Cultivable/Agricultural Land forecasting is very important. In this paper, we forecasted the total Cultivable/Agricultural Land in India for the upcoming 10 years (up to 2028).

The entire world community, starting in mid-December 2019, has come under the enormous influence of the World Coronavirus Epidemic, called COVID-19. The pandemic caused by this virus has already caused thousands of casualties around the world, imposed significant restrictions on the socio-cultural life of the population and radically changed the trends of the global economy. The main purpose of this work is to determine the status and trends of the impact of the recent pandemic situation, which is associated with the emergence of COVID-19. In the process of writing the article, the authors determined the impact of the pandemic situation in the world on the development of the public administration system in the context of economic management. It was found that the following can be considered the basic consequences of the pandemic situation in the world: decline in stock exchange indices; a significant drop in oil prices and a slowdown in the development of the precious metals market; reduction or partial termination of production in the context of economic management. The above factors indicate that today there is a real need for the implementation of anti- crisis and stabilizing measures on the part of government bodies.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Management, Crisis Management, Condition Monitoring, Economic security

Sustainability becomes an important issue especially for fast fashion as a short production concept but consumers are unwilling to adopt sustainable changes in their consumption choices, a phenomenon that is common to many fashion industries that of er sustainable products. Therefore, This study investigated motivational consumers in buying fashion (Brand Consciousness, Materialism, Social Comparison, Fashion Innovativeness, and Fashion Involvement) toward attitude consumers. In addition, this study aims to examine the relation among awareness consumers on attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control in the context of sustainability fast fashion. This research uses structural equation modeling analysis (SEM) in the SmartPLS and bootstrap programs.

The issue of improving the method of assessing the effectiveness of future development marketing strategies of cotton ginneries has been studied in the article. The country is taking comprehensive measures to develop the cotton industry, modernize and re-equip ginneries, increase the profitability of production and processing of raw cotton, as well as the competitiveness of its products. At the same time, the real state of af airs in this area indicates the rapid renewal and modernization of production processes, the introduction of advanced technologies and modern methods of corporate governance, the existence of systemic problems and shortcomings that hinder the rapid development of the industry.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Effectiveness, Evaluation, Method, Development Strategy

The research's objective is to learn the customer behavior towards the standard of banking products and services in the opinion of customer preferences Quality of service is examined on several distinctive from self-sufficiency or service reliability is measured in various forms. An attempt is often made to discover which service attributes could improve customer opinion of banking services efficiently. An attempt is often made to discover which service attributes could improve customer opinion of banking services. Potential respondents with random sampling are selected from a wide range of demographics characteristics. Banks both from the private and public sectors are sampled. Research questionnaires have been distributed to 400 clients of various banks in the Virudhunagar district. The data were analyzed using simple percentage, Chi- square measure, and AMOS. Customer opinion seems to represent customer behavior when it comes to banking services and products, according to the findings. The banking sector is the largest in the Virudhunagar district which has seen exponential development and strong rivalry throughout the last generation. This research was indeed primarily undertaken to investigate this trend and to pursue evidential reasoning throughout this context by recognizing the opinion of the customer as the key contributor to the behavior of the customer in banking services and products.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction, Banking Sector, Banking Products

The benefits of improvements in the quality of service should reach down to the grass root level of the average customers and should not be restricted to the rich clientele only. Banks need to make conscious efforts to develop a strong marketing culture and newer products/services in the forms of schemes and plans to be delivery of products/service. Banks polices will have to be such as to motivate their work force for higher level of productivity. Banks systems and procedures need to be highly customer focused. Technology up-gradation will be a major tool for speedier delivery of customer service. In short, customers will have to experience a responsive and responsible work-culture in the banking sector. The fundamental objective is to evaluate the impact of demographic factors on the services of public sector banks in India. Statistical tool ANOVA test has been applied to determine the results. SPSS has been applied to estimate and analyse the data. 450 samples have been collected by designing questionnaire. Customer satisfaction in banking industry depends on several factors. The customer satisfaction of banking services depends upon the behaviour of bank employees towards customers.

Technology has brought an immense amount of strategies, tools and approaches to marketing, all of which worked for the sake of satisfying customers and win potential clients. Internal marketing is one of those approaches which mainly look at employees as customers who will draw potential customers to organization. Current study aimed at examining the influence of internal marketing on attracting potential customers through the moderating influence of social media. Quantitative approach was adopted and (445) questionnaires were distributed on employees within Kuwait telecommunications organizations. Results of study accepted the hypothesized notion and agreed that social media moderate the relationship between internal marketing and attracting potential customers. Also, results indicated that among the chosen set of internal marketing dimensions (communication) was the most influential as it helped in increasing the level of understanding and support between management, leadership and employees which led to their ability to attract more customers launching from their own positive attitudes towards products of organization. Study recommended intensifying training courses for leaders in order to maximize their impact on team management and direct the internal marketing mechanism in a beneficial way.

IBC is the second most crucial reform in the legal setting of India. It is because IBC is not only making India emphatically powerful in the field of the legal environment but also provides a new identification and recognition at the global platform economically. The Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016 is the bankruptcy law of India which seeks to consolidate the existing framework by creating a single law for insolvency and bankruptcy. The paper studies distinguish features and the legal framework of the code. The study is descriptive in nature. In line with that, the paper also presents the impact of Insolvency and Bankruptcy code on macro environment of India.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Insolvency Law, Bankruptcy, Liquidation, Elements of Macro Environment

The participation of women workforce is changing the working environment, posing challenges as well as creating opportunities for harnessing high growth and profitability from a diverse workforce. As organizations embrace the gender diversity with open hearts, a need of providing safe working conditions for the women employees is also increasingly becoming need of the hour; crime against women is no longer restricted to the four walls of the home but it is slowly and steadily spreading its tentacles to the cubicles of of ices also. Although, the organizations are taking a number of measures to ensure women safety at workplace, yet much more needs to be done ensure gender equality in the world of work.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Gender Equality, Safety, Organizations, Work

Foreign exchange reserves popularly known as the forex reserves have been in the news recently. Amidst a global pandemic of Covid-19 and a slowing economy for the past few quarters, it is the forex reserves data which has provided a silver lining to the economy. India imposed strictest lockdown measures in the world to curb the spread of the pandemic in the country. Businesses came to a grinding halt and the rupee depreciated quickly to a record low of Rs.76.9088 per dollar in the month of April 2020. Despite this the forex reserves held by the Reserve Bank of India surged past $500 billion. The aim of this paper is to study the factors governing the rise of the forex reserves in the recent past and to give an analysis of the forex reserves data.

Technology innovation has changed all the everyday exercises we do. Online food ordering service is among them. Online food ordering service was first begun by Zomato in the year 2018 pursued by Swiggy, Food Panda and Uber eats. Even though the physical sustenance administrations given by different Restaurants and lodging is as yet ruling the time at present, the online structure which has risen as of late is going to command the physical form. This pattern is very unmistakable in created developed cities in India. Subsequently, this article endeavors to discover the pattern in creating city like Bhubaneswar and different elements influencing that. This article talks about the inclinations of online food preferences that measurably and confirms the outcomes with statistics tools and techniques. Besides, it talks about the fate of offline food services in near future.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Food Delivery, Mcommerce, Food Applications, Online food ordering

Payable to an accumulative Customer awareness in environmental effect, consumers are more sensitive towards green products when making their purchasing decisions. The New Age Group, who represents the future of our society, seems to have a different customer attitude and purchasing behaviour and belief which enables them to reflect on their choice of green products. This research empirically examines the influence of ecological affect and ecological knowledge on the green purchasing behaviour of the new age group. A survey was administered to new (young) customers between the age of 21 and 30. Structural equation modelling was applied to test the hypotheses. The analysis result confirms that the ecological effect and knowledge are significant in determining young customers' green involvement as well as their actual purchase behaviour

Today life Insurance is important think of our human life. Because all the human life is Not Assure to live a life, the Main factory of Insurance were people, property, place, situation, the person who have investing the amount were indirectly helping other person who have invested in the life Insurance. Life Insurance refers to the legally Contract between a policy holder and on Insurance company that provides financial protection to the our family. The Insurer promises to offer the Insurance benefits in exchange for regular premiums paid by the life Insured. Life Insurance is contract where by the insured promises to pay a Uniform rate of premium at fixed intervals. Of time against which the insurer agrees to pay a fixed amount on the happening of the event which may be the Uncertainness situation of Assured. The Life Insurance is may be difficult situation to safeguard of the human life.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Development Economics, Life Insurance, Thanjavur, Thanjavur Art Gallery

External debt plays a vital role in the overall growth and development of a nation. It gives a shape to the economic activities of a country. External debt is more crucial for any developing country like India, where there is always a saving-investment gap. To finance viable or profitable investment opportunities in such a country, the only source is external debt either through ECBs, trade credits, loans from the government of another country, or other financial institutions. In the present paper, we have tried to develop the various factors or macroeconomic variables affecting external debt. The period of data covered is seven years from 2013-14 to 2019-20. The source of Data is the official website of RBI. To determine the factors affecting India's external debt, we have applied a multiple regression model, with the help of which we concluded that different macroeconomic variables like trade balance, exchange rate, foreign exchange reserve, etc., affect external debt. Besides all these variables, time is also one of the essential factors affecting external debt. From analysis, we concluded that various macroeconomic variables affect the level of external debt. Therefore, given the other independent variables like forex reserve, exchange rate, trade balance, and period, we can predict the value of external debt to GDP ratio. The paper also deals with testing the efficacy of the multiple regression model, and we found that the model is highly reliable and efficient.

- by IAEME Publication
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- External Debt, Multiple Regression, Exchange rate, Iaeme Ijm

Due to pursuance along expand within measure accidents the death sum is increasing but it is a main subject than absolute can’t imaging. The rationale for street accidents are the driver’s potation consumption. The death dimension excellent according to bust and pressure is in excessive amongst rate splendid of conformity over such especially among nations as like India. So a dictation is proposed in conformity with become aware of the alcohol content fabric board atop the driver. The proposed job explores the possibility in conformity with discover wine at without a doubt previous utilizes concerning technology. The leader can't start the vehicle circumstance the potation content material cloth is upstairs the outset value. The delivered purposes in imitation about that regulation is the alcohol sensors trip solely the individual insertion within the driver’s foundation afterward desire no longer soak up into estimate touching the equalize passenger. It is additionally lower back in imitation including music the rebate regarding the automobile postulate into so much location the use on the mum or dad mark attention technique. This is done with the aid about measures of the sensors related in imitation of the Node MCU Arduino micro khan the region so much is programmed in consequence along assign a buzzer answer consequently the leader is below the affect concerning wine yet switch among pursuance along the vehicle.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Vehicle, Sensors, Actuators, Embedded

The study considered the effect of credit risk on bank performance in Nigeria, taking into cognizance three banks selected at random in Nigeria. The study used return on assets as the dependent variable and also used capital adequacy ratio, non-performing loans ratio, total loans to total assets, total deposit and interest rate as independent variables coupled with the use of the classical Ordinary Least Square and panel cointegration techniques revealing that credit risk has negative impact on bank performance in the short run and while credit risk also has a long run relationship with bank performance in the long run. Hence, it was recommended that regulatory framework should be adhered to, internal control system should be enhanced while macroeconomic policy makers should stabilize the economy in a bid to stabilize profitability of banks.

The most of the developing nations of world faced with number of problems like poverty, unemployment, conflicts and illiterate. These situations pose great challenges to the very existence of individuals in most developing nations thereby calling for the training of educated men and women. Especially developing country facing the main problem of unemployment. This issue cause against peoples cannot have employability skill. Employability is being capable of getting and keeping fulfilling work. This refers to a person’s capability of gaining initial employment, maintaining employment and obtaining new employment if required. This is the capacity to being more self sufficiency within the labor market to realize potential through sustainable employment. The Garment industry in India is one of the best in the world. But garment industry employees don’t have any Employability skill. They don’t have any special qualifications, technical knowledge and learning capacity. This study will help to employee of garments and owners get many benefits and advantages in production of export garment. And also learn about employability skills to garment employee. Because modern global business expects quality as well as wealth of employee. This emerge trend the study had been conduct in the field of HRM. This proposed area of study is TIRUPUR. The main objective of this study is to identify the level of employability skill of garment employee, to find out the skills determinants of employability and skill setting through counseling, to give suggestions for improves the employability. The researcher uses the Descriptive Research Design. He collects primary and secondary data through internet and questionnaire from all around Tirupur. This study helps to Garment industry those who like developing employability skills. This is also constructing the employability skill for garment industry. After complete this study the employees are having knowledge about learning, personal attributes, communication, team work and problem solving capacity. This study helps to country in the form of high quality of production meet with easy international demand. This study surely helps to remove the problem unemployment.

In public organizations, maximum efforts have been directed for improving the quality of service for the public or service users. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of the Correctional Database System (CDS) in improving service accessibility, service satisfaction, and service efficiency in Class I Correctional Institutions in Java. The implementation is expected to improve the quality of public services in activities carried out by the Directorate General of Corrections at the Ministry of Law and Human Rights. The theoretical perspective used in this study focuses on the relationship between variables that drive the value of public service quality, one of which is believed to be about e-government and the benefit of services. This research was conducted at the Correctional Institutions in Java, Indonesia from December 2020 to March 2021. A total of 389 inmates from 9 Class I Correctional Institutionsin Java became research respondents. The conceptual framework model has been formed and tested by analyzing the quantitative data that has been obtained by the structural equation method. The results of the study reveal the findings that CDS was a success to provide positive and important value increases for the accessibility, satisfaction, and efficiency of correctional services in Class I Correctional Institutions in Java. Meanwhile, among the three things (accessibility, satisfaction, and efficiency) only accessibility and satisfaction with correctional services have an important influence on the quality of public services at the Class I Correctional Institutions in Java.

The baby products segment is a kind of a niche segment as the customers are not the same as that of the end users i.e. customers who buy them use it either for their own babies or buy for gifting purposes. Babies are extremely tender and sensitive and due to their inherent inability to communicate exactly what their specific needs and wants are, the entire responsibility is borne by parents or the customers who buy these products to ensure their safety and hygiene. If the customer is satisfied with his or her purchase, given the busy schedules, most of them opt for online purchase, as these products like baby toiletries, diapers are needed till they reach at least 4 to 5 years. Online shopping has made most of our lives easier as it is convenient and saves a lot of time commuting up and down to the shop, especially for a repeated purchase. In this scenario, identifying the factors which influencing for online purchase intention would open the screen for various decision making for both customers and online retailers. Hence this study was conducted for analysing internet related factors towards online purchase intention with respect to baby products buying among Chennai customers. In this regard, data were collected from 164 respondents, through survey method, by using structured questionnaire by adopting purposive sampling method. Collected data were analysed and results revealed two new factors such as web-design and trust factors which influencing online purchase intention of baby products buying. This study also revealed that, web-design factor played major role and followed by trust factor.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Trust, Customer Satisfaction, Website Design, Baby Products

According to EY’s 2017 FinTech Adoption Index, one-third of consumers utilize at least two or more FinTech adoption by digitally active consumers in Brazil, China, India, Mexico, and South Africa are average 46 percent that is considerably higher than the global average. From an individual market perspective, China and India have higher adoption rates at 69 percent and 52 percent respectively. The present research paper is to find out the positive and negative sides of FinTech innovation adoption in the revolution of the banking and finance sector in India. The Indian government is proactively pushing the use and adoption of technologies to make India a cashless society through instruments like UPI, digital wallets, e-KYC, Aadhaar, and BHIM, etc. Multiple challenges prevent the growth of the FinTech sector in the Indian economy. It is a software-based solution that aids FinTechs in managing the compliance requirements issued by regulatory bodies. It is an end to end mobile-based solution that helps tap the unbanked and underbanked population in the Indian subcontinent. FinTechs enjoy a unique, seamless, loan management system that allows all stakeholders to examine customer data and make more informed decisions during lending. Analytical capabilities, like credit analytics, bank statement analysis, and GST analytics, borrowing helps to become a high profiteering business for FinTechs.

People use e-government applications, trade financial goods online, purchase online, book hotel rooms using mobile booking apps, and make decisions based on information given in organisational information systems. All of these decisions are impacted by the context in which they are made, as this statement demonstrates: What is chosen frequently relies on how the choice is presented. Designers of choice settings, sometimes known as choice architects, can take use of these heuristics and biases. In this paper various digital nudging research papers are studied. The goal of this study is to see if and how different digital nudges displayed on an e-commerce website impact the customer's psychological state. A variety of research reviews have been done in order to better understand the psychological heuristics impact based on digital nudging.

PURPOSE: This study's primary objective is to assess the corona virus's impact on India's tourism and hospitality industry and its segments regarding revenue and job losses. Further, there is a need for fundamental control strategies and a crisis management plan. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY: Systematic literature review, secondary data, expert opinion surveys, and qualitative methods are the basis. OBSERVATIONS AND DISCUSSION: The Indian government and tourism and hospitality marketers took numerous initiatives to mitigate losses and ensure people's safety. Post-COVID-19 is the new normal, where changes in technology and tourists' behavior are expected. Artificial intelligence, automated and digital systems are required to maintain the 'No Touch' policy. Therefore, tourism and hospitality marketers should consider the challenges addressed by tourism operators, hotel managers, and airline employees. This industry will take few years to recover to its standards in...

- by DR.JASVEEN KAUR
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- India, GDP, Control Strategies, Iaeme Ijm

Context/literature: The present research paper highlights about, Principals employ a range of leadership styles that directly or indirectly impact school performance. However, there is always a debate among scholars about which leadership style is the most effective for school performance. Purposes: The purpose of this study was to investigate and analyze the relationship between dif erent leadership styles of principals and school performance in Eritrean secondary schools. Research method: The study followed a descriptive research design, and it employed both qualitative and quantitative methods to establish a relationship between leadership styles and school performance. Using non-probability sampling, a sample (N = 375) comprising 30 schools/principals, 250 teachers, 50 students, and 45 parents participated in the study. Findings: The study explored and analyzed the relationship between the two variables, namely leadership styles of principals and school performance. The study found that principals’ leadership styles do influence school performance either positively or negatively, and it has become clear that no single leadership style is appropriate at all times. The study found that democratic and situational leadership styles have a positive impact on school performance; while autocratic and laissez-faire leadership styles were found to have negative impacts on school performance. Conclusion & recommendations: It can be concluded that no single leadership style is appropriate at all times, because no leadership style is right at all times. Based on empirical findings, contrary to established norms in the Eritrean school system, the study recommends that school principals should opt to implement principles of democratic and situational leadership for better school performance. Among other things, the study recommends that school principals should receive professional development to upgrade their leadership capacity in order to improve overall school performance and student attainment.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Economic Growth, Foreign Direct Investment, VAR, Gross Domestic Product (GDP)

This paper seeks to analyze the immediate impact of demonization drive on digital financial inclusion in India which was declared on 8th November 2016. Thereafter, digital financial inclusion got wide momentum in terms of accessibility and usability than ever before. Thus, the study is ascertained to explore the emerging trends in the financial sector for financial inclusion in India followed by discussions on prospects and challenges of financial technology (Fintech) that occurred due to demonetization ordinance. So far none of the studies was performed in analytical way to explore the impact of new demonetization ordinance on digital financial inclusion. Hence, this approach is the first dimension in this respect with the discussions on emerging tech- based financial services. The study encompasses the analysis of financial inclusion parameters like opening Bank account, No Frills Account (NFA) and Rupay Debit Card with the comparison of pre and Post periods of demonetization. Paired Sample t-test was applied to test the hypotheses and results show that those three parameters do not have a significant impact on financial inclusion due to demonetization except in the distribution of Rupay Debit card provided by Public sector banks. JEL Classification: E60, G21, G28, P00

The study's general objective is to analyze the role of internal financial audit, as an anti-irregularity agent. It has specifically aimed at Searching in the literature the importance of internal auditing in aggregating values of administrative probity, analyzing contributions provided by internal auditing and investigating the differences between fraud and errors committed internally. This is a study of a basic nature, with an explanatory procedure, carried out using the reviews and opinion of the authors who addressed similar issues. For the selection of sources, the following inclusion descriptors were considered: internal financial audit, irregularities (i.e. fraud, error, money laundering) and the theme addressed, and for exclusion: Articles that escaped the line of research and articles considered repeated concerning the theme. The period from 2015 to 2021 was considered. The research was considered satisfactory, concerning the theme addressed.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Education, Basic Income, Financial Audit, Small private institutions

The outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic is an unprecedented shock to the economy as well as environment. The economy was already in a bad state before Covid-19 struck. With the prolonged lockdown, economic downturn and associated disruption of demand and supply chains, the economy is likely to face a period of slowdown. It is uncertain where and when new cases will emerge. New cases are being reported day by day. In India UP, Bihar, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Orissa and Assam have registered a sharper rise in corona virus cases than the rest of the country after the returns of migrants to their own states (Hindustan Times). The migrants started coming back to Assam after being wrecked in parts of the country with jobless. It was lack of opportunities that drove them to work in other parts of the country. The number of daily positive cases has seen a huge spike, when the migrants started returning to their home state. This situation will considerably af ect the society, economy and environmental aspects. This large scale of people will contribute to the population growth. This growth in population will have serious repercussion in the employment scenario of the state. Increased population in Assam will creates pressure upon available stock of food and will create food shortage problem. Rapid growth of population is largely responsible for the perpetuation of vicious circle of poverty in underdeveloped regions. This entire pushed them in ecologically sensitive areas and cutting of forests for cultivation and living. Which has been an important factor responsible deforestation and leading to heavy impact of climate change like loss in bio-diversity, atmospheric carbon emission etc. in future. Most of them are coming back to Assam without maintaining social distancing. And they are getting infected during the travel. To prevent the community spread and for this effective quarantine policy need to implement. This will impose more burdens on the government to tackle those problems. Thus an attempt has been made in this paper to analyse the economic and environmental issues in Assam after the return of migrants. This study is based on secondary data and descriptive in nature. The required data are collected from newspapers, journals etc.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Economy, Assam, Migrants, Environment

Learning history as well as literature is of multiple importance especially for lower secondary school students. Learning these subjects has educational significance. That is why the teaching of these subjects requires a serious commitment of teachers themselves to achieve learning outcomes. Students to be successful in learning are required classroom management and motivation to play an important role since they are considered key factors to effective teaching. In this context, the study of teachers' perceptions is very important because teachers are key factors in classroom management. So, the main purpose of this study is to highlight teachers' perceptions regarding classroom management in terms of motivation to incite learning. Qualitative methods were used to conduct this study. Research instruments have been semi-structured interviews. A total of 13 teachers were involved in this research, of which 7 participants were history teachers and 6 of them were literature teachers. These teachers work in Kosovo's lower secondary schools, in urban and rural areas. Of the total number of participants in the research, 8 of them were males and 5 females. Their age and work experience are dif erent. By researching the theoretical and practical aspects to conduct this study, an attempt has been made to understand various issues related to classroom management for students’ motivation to learn the subjects of history and literature. The results generated by this research show that classroom management can motivate students to learn history and literature.

- by IAEME Publication
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- History, Literature, Classroom Management, Students

Purpose - The purpose was to investigate the basic information about the current situations and the needs for an instructional model according to the opinions of English teachers and students for the Secondary Students in Lao PDR. Method - The sample was 51 participants which consisted of two schools and the seven teachers who had been teaching English and 18 English students of the 10th -grade students from the Vientiane-Ho Chi Minh secondary school and eight teachers who had been teaching English and 18 English students of the 10th -grade students from the Chanethaboury secondary school which purposive sampling by researcher. The researcher conducted in semester 1 of year 2018. Statistics used for data analysis of quantitative statistics. Findings - The results of the current situations and the needs for an instructional model according to opinions of English teachers and students from feedback questionnaires. It was found that the current situations and the needs for the instructional model by using metacognitive and collaborative learning approach to enhance English reading comprehension and summary writing abilities by the total result is at the high level with an average scores’ mean (Mean=3.55, S.D.= .35). When considered in each aspect, it found that there are almost all aspects of reading and writing at the high level. Except The atmosphere in the classroom management and Assessment, evaluation is at a medium level and regarding the need for a new instructional model to enhance English reading comprehension and summary writing abilities, the total need is at a high level with an average scores’ mean (Mean=4.05, S.D.= .07) when considered in each aspect and it found that teachers need all aspects at a high level too and students from feedback questionnaires. It was found that the current situations and the needs for the instructional model by using metacognitive and collaborative learning approach to enhance English reading comprehension and summary writing abilities. By the total result is at a medium level with an average scores’ mean (Mean=3.25, S.D.= .08), the needs for the instructional model to enhance English reading comprehension and summary writing abilities, the total needs are at the high level with an average scores’ mean (Mean=4.20, S.D.= .06). When considered in each aspect, it found that students need all aspects at the high level too

In the past, the word cash was commonly used in the city. A cashless economy is a trading platform; one does not have to deal with cash in a tangible way as an exchange, but instead uses credit or debit cards or a computer. It does not mean total withdrawal, but simply transforms the economy into a space that reduces the use of tangible money by providing alternative payment methods. The emerging economy and the emerging economy are making great strides in reducing paper spending. India holds the most complete product in the world, with papers costing Rs 21000 crores annually in RBI. In an effort to boost the economy and monitor taxpayers, the Indian government has launched its "moneyless India" campaign. To make India a safer society, the government has implemented various programs such as Digital, Digital Finance for Rural India, Visaka, Creating Awareness and Access through Community Service Centers (CSCs) and introduced many initiatives such as Unified Payments Interface, Unstructured I Supplementary Service Data (USSD) based on Mobile Banking, Aadhar payment system (AEPS), point of sale, National Electronic Funds Transfer (NEFT), Bharat Financial Interface (BHIM), Lucky GrahakYojana and Digi-VyaparYojana etc. included In this study, however, the main purpose of this study is to review the incomegenerating economy and its impact on the service sector especially Nagpur, Maharashtra while moving to a poorer society.

Total quality management practice is a strategy of business-wide management to consistently increase the quality of products/services/processes by focusing on the needs and desires of consumers to improve customer engagement, loyalty and company performance. The relationship between overall quality control strategies and client retention, loyalty and efficiency is mixed. Total quality management is a firm-wide management methodology forthe constant enhancement of products/services/processes quality with an emphasis on customer demands and preferences. This paper aims at exploring and recognizing the ef ect on consumers' retention and loyalty of full-fledged quality management activities, dif erent methods of total quality. In order for a competitive edge to emerge and to boost corporate efficiency and customer loyalty an increasing number of companies use absolute quality control as a strategic basis. As a consequence of intensive global competition, the idea of total quality management was created. The concepts of total quality management, processes, tools and strategies are given significant importance by international trading and competitive competition organisations.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Total Quality Management, Efficiency, Loyalty, Iaeme Ijm

The objective of the present study is to analyse the merger and acquisition’s impact during the announcement on stocks return of acquirer banks which are listed in National Stock Exchange. This study is conducted across Indian banking sector consisting of 4 major banks merger in the year of 2019. The event study methodology has been applied for the event window of 11 days, 21 days and 61 days, i.e. -5 to +5 days stock returns, -10 to +10 days stock return and -30 to +30 days stock returns respectively. The shareholders return of acquiring banks and abnormal returns due to announcement of merger and acquisition have been examined. Findings of the present paper suggests that M&A announcement in banking sector in India leads price to downgrade for acquirer bank though the pattern was not consistent. The results are in consistent with the findings by Kumar et al. (2011), Onikoyi et al. (2014) and Mall & Gupta (2019).

- by IAEME Publication
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- Stock Return, Acquisition, Merger, Event-study methodology

The issue of legality of comparative advertising has given rise to numerous debates. The reason lies in the fact that basically a comparative advertisement is likely to give more information than a usual advertisement and there may be likely abuse or it may be beneficial to the consumers. In addition to this, the consumers may accord more emphasis to the comparative advertisements than the non-comparative ones. The advertisers basically advertises with an object to increase his sale of product or services and to inform the consumer about the quality, but the competitor with whom the products are compared is concerned with the way the products are being compared and moreover the reputation and good will are also at stake. In this research paper the Author had also focused upon legal regime relating to comparative advertising in India and also the legal approaches made in European Union, United Kingdom and United States. To probe into the statutory framework of comparative advertising in India the Author has taken International Law and Role of Judiciary to crave out the present position in India

COVID-19 is a fatal disease caused by coronavirus. ‘CO’ signifies corona, ‘VI’ signifies virus, ‘D’ signifies disease. The COVID-19 virus is a new virus that belongs to the family of viruses as Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. In this paper, we are focusing on COVID-19 effects in the cyber world (CyberSpace). As COVID-19 is a global pandemic and everyone says that COVID-19 is the worst pandemics in all over the world in this century. As the contagious nature of the virus, there is so much anxiety over its spread. COVID-19 has forced companies and individuals to practice social distancing and remote working. As some country try to build the vaccine of the COVID19 and other country waits for a possible cure to stop the spread of COVID-19, due to this pandemic situation every online information that varieties of direct or indirect reference to “coronavirus” attract the attention of users who search in information about the coronavirus. As a result, Malicious user or attackers are actively exploiting it for their gain. Cybercriminals have also started to exploit fears about the COVID-19 outbreak to conduct email scams, phishing, and ransomware attacks. Cybercriminals are designing a website on COVID-19 and injecting malware into the website. These are exactly the times where hackers get creative with their malicious intent of hacking into devices and stealing data. They are stealing sensitive information of users, such as user names, passwords, and credit card details. So, in this paper we try to explore the coronavirus effects on to the cyberspace and its impact on to the internet user. The paper makes the suggestions or recommendations to internet user for safer usages of internet and protect their data and privacy in the rising of online scams of coronavirus.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Cyber Security, Phishing, Cybercriminals, Coronavirus

Increasing emphasis by the Government, business organisations, academicians and practitioners over the years has provided enough impetus to the growth of management training and development in India. As a result, many public sector and private sector Private Sector Banks have established management training and development departments in their organisations. Despite hectic developmental efforts in the field of management training in India, it has not been able to establish its own status, reputation and professionalism because of mundane transitional problems particularly problems related to attitude and approach towards training. Establishment of training and development department and conduct of a variety of training programmes every year are not the proper solutions to the problems of training. It requires an integrated and systems approach which is potential enough not only to settle several problems of training but also in meeting growing demand for quality personnel for developing countries like India. This study evaluates the impact of employee perception towards implementation of the 360o performance appraisal system among the employees with special reference to private sector banks in Pudukkottai District.

After a pandemic af ected 2020, the Indian Equity market is on a high level of optimism to deliver positive returns. It is expected that stocks with some intrinsic value and margin of safety will perform well in 2021 as well. Brokers are advising clients to buy quality value stocks as these stocks are cheap in terms of valuations. Value stocks are available in the markets at any given point of time. One hasto adopt the right process to identify stocks that are trading with some intrinsic value and showing adequate margin to safety. One of the practical ways to find value stocks is to first ascertain if the stocks are financially sound and that the fundamentals are attractive. Once the stocks with attractive fundamentals are identified, it will be interesting to note if the Trailing 12 Months (TTM) PE forthe company is less than the industry PE or more than the industry average. Certain segment of the Indian population continuously investing in stocks of dif erent sectors is expecting high returns at low risk. In doing so, of late the Indian equity investors have been contemplating if Value Investing will serve the purpose of maximizing returns or gains on their investments. The question is how does one identify value stocks and are they available in the current buoyant market scenario? There is also a need to study if value stock investing be a market-beating strategy. The concept of Value Investing is known, but not explored fully in Indian context. It is necessary to explore the prospects of value investing in Indian Scenario, especially when the capital market is hit by the pandemic. In the Indian context, such analysis is not comprehensive to help the Indian investors. The objectives of the study were to (1) identify value stocks in 2020, (2) Calculate the P/E ratio ofselected stocks and compare it with industry P/E (3) to calculate the YTD of the selected stocks. Descriptive research methods were made use of in the research. The study has considered 37 value stocks of 2020 (aslisted in moneycontrol.com) for the analysis. The TTM P/E and YTD return of selected value stocks of 2020 was calculated to check whether all value stocks of 2020 are fundamentally good and gave positive returns. The market prices of the stocks were collected from the BSE website. The study was hence based on Secondary data. The data was collected from March 1 – December 30, 2020.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Value Investing, P/E Ratio, Ytd, Indian Equity Market

In India, the increasing awareness with respect to the quality of critical services, as that in hospitals, have paved way for the improvement in the quality of these services. These factors further lead to the healthcare facilities being chosen by different patients. The patients’ opinion and voice if implemented would give a competitive advantage and notch up the service quality on the whole. In many countries, the general perception is that the service quality is better in private hospitals, than in public hospitals. This paper aims to find the perceptions and behavioral intentions of customers towards public and private hospitals based on the quality of services rendered during their experiences. Therefore, this study is patient centered, both outpatients and inpatients to get a complete perspective on their perceptions. It considers different geographical areas in India, which is a developing country with advancements in the health sector at a fast pace. Upon conducting the field survey through a questionnaire, scores on different dimensions of evaluation of service quality was obtained to draw inferences. With the aid of Multiple Linear Regression, dependencies on various significant levels for different dimensions was obtained. These relationships helped in the understanding of factors influencing the customer satisfaction maximum, thereby being the ones majorly deciding the service quality of the hospitals.

In the modern age, the Indian start-up ecosystem has taken off and come into its own driven by factors such as massive funding, consolidation activities, evolving technology and a growing domestic market. The numbers are telling from 3,100 startups in 2014 to a projection of more than 50,000 by 2022, this is certainly not a passing trend. We investigate the corpus of literature on firm exit by means of a systematic literature review (SLR). Special attention is given to the various exit routes, including voluntary liquidation, mergers and acquisitions (M&A), initial public offerings (IPO), and of course bankruptcy. The current study is exploratory and descriptive in nature. The data is collected and analyzed to describe the variables and determinates of exit strategies of Startups firms in India.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Business Start Ups, Exit Strategies, Iaeme Ijm

The aim of this paper is to a comparative study of customer satisfaction towards 4G service providers in Bhopal division of Madhya Pradesh state involving demographic variables. In the present paper we compared and evaluate the customer satisfaction related to the selected 4G service providers' viz. BSNL, Reliance JIO, Vodafone Idea and Bharti Airtel involving demographic variables.

In the recent years, the GoI is striving hard to skill to make the youth employable and the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojna, PMKVY has been conceived as a key instrument. The scheme is to provide skills required by the industry resulting into jobs and sustainable livelihood. Since five years after the inception of PMKVY, it becomes important to study the role and the envisaged effect on the employability and employment of the youth. Haryana has the highest unemployment rate in the country as per the CMIE report of August 2019. The State has been chosen for the study which will examine quantitatively the parameters for assessing the quality of the PMKVY training as perceived by the youth in Haryana.

Even though this is a generally recognized that tourism development can positively effect on employment, income and education and impact the countries socio-economic development, the empirical research on the tourism development and socio-economic development are limited, specifically in case of state of AJ&K which largely depends upon tourism. The current research intends to add to the literature on tourism development and socio-economic development through empirical examining the connection among tourism development and socio-economic development in Azad Jammu & Kashmir, Pakistan. This research was based on social exchange theory. The data for this study was primary and collected through a questionnaire-based survey in three districts of AJ&K. The current study used SPSS version-21 for data analysis. The study used correlation and regression for analyzing data. This study findings confirmed that a considerable association exists among tourism development and socio-economic development in AJ&K, Pakistan. This research also validates the proposed tourism development and socio-economic development hypothesis. The present study increases the literature about tourism and socio-economic link, specifically for tourism dependent in AJ&K. The study findings are valuable for tourism officials, policymakers, entrepreneurs, and non-governmental organizations working for tourism development as well as economic development in AJ&K. Future researchers can base their research on the findings of this study. The current research is a primary data-based research conducted in a state which is having countless tourism potentials. The study is unique in the sense that to the best of authors’ knowledge it is probably the first of its nature in AJ&K.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Education, Tourism Development, Income, Socio-Economic Development

The financial management of universities mainly relies on financial revenue and expenditure. Accordingly, it is mainly reflected in the right to determine items of revenue and levels of revenue as well as items of expenditure and levels of expenditure for training and scientific research activities. Whether or not financial autonomy is substantial depends on universities' right to decide how their revenue and expenditure are determined and the right to self-determination in expenditure to achieve the goal of earning enough to cover spending, provided that the quality of training meets society's expectations. Based on an overview of a number of related studies on university financial autonomy in some countries, the clarification of the nature of financial autonomy, and the assessment of the inadequacies in ensuring financial autonomy for universities in Vietnam, the article proposes some solutions to improve the efficiency of financial management of universities. The solutions are mainly approached from the ensuring of universities' autonomy through two factors, namely financial revenue and expenditure.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Finance, Autonomy, University, Heath Expenditures

In 1990’s microfinance is began to develop as an industry and in the 2000s is main objective is to satisfy the unmet demands on a much larger scale and to play a role in reducing poverty. Rural women in India is quite aware of the fact that they could either earn income or save household expenditure in one way or other. Rural women is quite interested to contribute to the household economy by sharing some of the household expenditures, to give better education to their children, for better health facilities, better living standards etc., The present study is aimed to study the demographic characteristics of rural women and to study the problems and challenges that rural women are facing. Data was collected from a sample of 450 by using structured questionnaire and data was analysed by using Garette ranking method. After analyzing the data, it was found that the problem of lack of awareness on government schemes is with a highest mean value of 4.2978 and the problem balancing of business and personal life is with the lowest value of 3.6044. It is suggested to conduct awareness and training programmes to rural women to realize dreams of becoming economically independent.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Microfinance, Self Help Groups, Entrepreneurs, Women Entrepreneurship

Purpose: the purpose of the research is to theoretically study and clarify the concept of "cluster" Design/methodology/approach: The research uses the methods of dialectical approach, system approach, and comparative analysis. Conclusions: In the crisis economic conditions that both Russia, Uzbekistan and the world community are currently experiencing, it is clusters that should contribute to a more effective solution of existing problems that arise within the economic society, which requires accelerated creation of new forms of territorial organization of productive forces based on an innovative development paradigm based on the "creativity" of the economy, which implies the formation of creative clusters in the XXI century that are fundamentally different from its previously existing forms and types. Practical implications: the Results of the study can be useful for expanding the conceptual framework, which will significantly improve the use of the cluster approach in the territorial development of the economic system. Originality/value: the Relevance of the research is not in doubt, in modern conditions, world economic science considers the cluster concept as an effective tool for improving the competitiveness of the state economy, regional economies, as well as individual industries and enterprises.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Competitiveness, Cluster, Cluster Approach, Cluster interaction

India has been one of the largest auto market employing over 5 Million people directly and indirectly. In this paper, an attempt has been made to study the financial performance of 94 Auto Ancillary companies listed on the Stock Exchange. The study relates to the financial year ended 31st March 2020. The analysis of the key financial ratios relating to profitability, liquidity, solvency and efficiency of these companies reveals that the smaller auto ancillary companies are not financially healthy. 1/3rd of the companies (17 out of 51) having annual revenue of less than INR 500 Crores category is in financial distress and there is a possibility that they can become bankrupt. The Covid-19 impact would deteriorate the financial performance further in the financial year following. Support of the Government may be needed to help this sector.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Financial Analysis, Z-Score, Ratio Analysis, Iaeme Ijm

Firm profitability is the capacity of any business to acquire benefits. A benefit is the left of income that business produce after it pay all direct and indirect expenses related to the generation of revenue. Recently, firm profitability increase consideration in the modern research literature. In developing countries like Pakistan, firm profitability is a main and important element to support its budgetary demands. Therefore, this study tries to find the impact of corporate governance on firm profitability of listed firms in Pakistan stock exchange. The time frame of study is 6 years on annual bases started from 2013 to 2018. It is found that corporate governance mechanism i.e. board size, number of independent directors, gender diversity has significant association with firm profitability. Besides that, it uses firm characteristics as control variables like leverage, firm size, capital intensity. Finally, study has policy implication for government, policy makers, investors and other stakeholders in Pakistan.

- by IAEME Publication
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- Corporate Governance, Pakistan Stock Exchange, Board Size, Firm Profitability

This paper aims to explore the effects of the numerous university marketing campaigns carried out by selected private management colleges in Vietnam. The research also studied the actions of students from BBA and MBA, who have been recruited by their own management college. For this analysis, the conceptual model consists of 7ps of marketing mix built for educational institutions. Self-administered questionnaires were provided to 169 students from dif erent colleges. Descriptive figures were used for the interpretation of collected results. The findings were focused on students, arrangement for non-school events, the library and IT services. The findings of the study indicate that the prestige of a university is strongly connected to the brand's ability to satisfy stakeholder expectations; brand credibility management may be treated as an important concern for most universities in the present very competitive climate. For managers responsible for designing a university's competitiveness promotion policy to support educational programs and programs, the findings of study can be valuable. We conclude that the findings of this study would seek to explain the psychology of the students and establish appropriate communication campaigns for all private schools, advertisement agencies and governmental education departments. It would also promote the oversight of certain practices that better suit the needs of students and service providers, ensuring that all future students at private colleges become more desirable.

A nation’s socio economic development is implanted by human development goals. United Nations put forward millennium development goals in 2000 where infant mortality is an indicator to observe progress towards the fourth goal by the year 2015 that is to reduce child mortality. Infant mortality rate is considered as an indicator of the health status not only for infants but also for the socio economic status of a country. The prevailing high infant mortality has been a matter of concern from the pre independence period. Female literacy is regarded as a key instrument for the empowerment of women. A wide regional variation in female literacy and infant mortality rate is a common feature in India. There has been a strong relationship between female literacy and infant mortality. Various studies suggest that economic growth, improvement in income, mother’s education and medical infrastructure have contributed successfully in declining infant mortality rate. The present paper attempts to understand the statewide variation of infant mortality rate in India and determines the factors af ecting decline in infant mortality rate. The study examines that female literacy rate is significant at 1% level with expected negative sign. i.e. infant mortality rate is negatively related with female literacy. Higher the female literacy rate lower will be the infant mortality rate.

- by IAEME Publication
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- India, Impact, Infant Mortality, Female Literacy