Images Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

An understanding of religion as a practice of mediation has great potential to open up new methods and theories for a critical study of religion. Leading beyond the privileged medium of the text, this understanding approaches religion as... more

An understanding of religion as a practice of mediation has great potential to open up new methods and theories for a critical study of religion. Leading beyond the privileged medium of the text, this understanding approaches religion as a multi-media phenomenon that mobilizes the full sensorium. The central point of this article is that forms of visual culture are a prime medium of religion, and studying them offers deep insights into the genesis of worlds of lived experience. Pictorial media streamline and sustain religious notions of the visible and the invisible and involve embodied practices of seeing that shape what and how people see. Discussing the implications of the “pictorial turn” for the study of religion, I argue that a more synthesized approach is needed that draws these fields together. The methodological and theoretical implications of this approach are exemplified by turning to my research on video and representations of the “spiritual” in Southern Ghana.

Everyone plays and that, of course, includes children. In an ideal world, there would be literary traditions, archaeological remains and artistic renditions, which would enable the reconstruction of toys. Unfortunately, the situation does... more

Everyone plays and that, of course, includes children. In an ideal world, there would be literary traditions, archaeological remains and artistic renditions, which would enable the reconstruction of toys. Unfortunately, the situation does not exist for ancient Jewish society. For the most part, there are depictions in rabbinic literature and it is those toy traditions which I examine. The study begins with those toys explicitly connected to halakhic issues, firstly with those traditions in which the toy is essential to the law and afterwards to those in which the toy is tangential to the law. The study then deals with those toys mentioned in a nonlegal rabbinic framework. Finally, I discuss toys that were popular in the Greco-Roman world but not mentioned in rabbinic literature. I seek to determine whether descriptions of toys in rabbinic literature and set within the broader Greco-Roman world are sufficient for visualization.

This study was designed to identify African American early adolescents’ subjective meanings of African American women’s sexuality through an examination of Stephens and Phillips’ (2003) sexual images—the Diva, Gold Digger, Freak, Dyke,... more

This study was designed to identify African American early adolescents’ subjective meanings of African American women’s sexuality through an examination of Stephens and Phillips’ (2003) sexual images—the Diva, Gold Digger, Freak, Dyke, Gangster Bitch, Sister Savior, Earth Mother, and Baby Mama. These eight sexual images both inform and reflect beliefs about African American women’s physical attractiveness. Interpersonal relationship decision making processes also were influenced by these conceptual frameworks of African American women’s sexuality. Findings from this study are important given the tendency of previous researchers to ignore race and intraethnic variations in studies of beliefs about attitudes toward sexuality.

One of the remaining obstacles to the widespread application of industrial robots is their inability to deal with parts: that are not precisciy po~itioned. In the case of manual asscm'nly, componentq are often presented in bins. Current... more

One of the remaining obstacles to the widespread application of industrial robots is their inability to deal with parts: that are not precisciy po~itioned. In the case of manual asscm'nly, componentq are often presented in bins. Current automated systems, on the olher hand, require separate feeders which present the parts with carefully controlled position and attitude. Here we show how results in rnachicc vision provide techn:ques for automatically directing a mechanical manipulator to pick one object at a time out of a pile. The attitude of the object to be picked up is determined using a histogram of the orientations of visible surface patches. Surface orientation, in turn, is determined using photometric stereo applied to multiple images. These images are taken with the same camera but differing l~ghting. The resulting needle map, giving the orientations of surface patches, is used to create an orientation histograni which is a discrete approximation to the est,ended Gaussian image. This can be rmtched against a synthetic orientation histogram obtsined from protoypica1 models of the objects to be n~anipulated. Such models may be obtained from computer aided design (CAI)) databases. The method thus requires t h a t the shape of the objects be described, but it is not restricted to particular types of objects.

Smith et al. report a large study of the accuracy of 38 search procedures for recovering effective connections in simulations of DCM models under 28 different conditions. Their results are disappointing: no method reliably finds and... more

Smith et al. report a large study of the accuracy of 38 search procedures for recovering effective connections in simulations of DCM models under 28 different conditions. Their results are disappointing: no method reliably finds and directs connections without large false negatives, large false positives, or both. Using multiple subject inputs, we apply a previously published search algorithm, IMaGES, and novel orientation algorithms, LOFS, in tandem to all of the simulations of DCM models described by Smith et al. (2011). We find that the procedures accurately identify effective connections in almost all of the conditions that Smith et al. simulated and, in most conditions, direct causal connections with precision greater than 90% and recall greater than 80%.

Images in advertisements have power to shape our perception on the way we look at the world. Women in ads are often portrayed as sexual objects. Conventional beauty is women’s attribute. Unfortunately, the images of women most ads portray... more

Images in advertisements have power to shape our perception on the way we look at the world. Women in ads are often portrayed as sexual objects. Conventional beauty is women’s attribute. Unfortunately, the images of women most ads portray are usually the creation of artificiality that establishes an impossible standard of physical perfection for women This article presents some different ads from some famous women’s magazines and discusses some possible meanings the viewers may perceive from the images.

“Illustrators embody their experiences. The personification of experience is a fundamental device in the way illustrative imagery and visual communication perpetuates ideologies, metaphors, mythologies, and in particular the... more

“Illustrators embody their experiences. The personification of experience is a fundamental device in the way
illustrative imagery and visual communication perpetuates ideologies, metaphors, mythologies, and in particular the
anthropomorphisation of the human condition. Illustrators translate experiences, and the perceptual synthesis (Merleau-
Ponty 2013) of those experiences into the illustration and design of fictitious narratives, worlds, characters, and
environments. Drawing becomes a crucial part of articulating the world and capturing perception of experience and
reality. Audiences can relate to the experiences of designed characters through observed similarities with their own
experience. If we take the understanding that individuals tacitly negotiate the world, and their interactions with other
people, through interpretation of aesthetics, physiology, psychology, socio-economic class and culture- then the design of
characters that exhibit a range of these factors can help define a reflexive relationship between the illustrator, the
character, and the audience. This paper will examine the implicit role an illustrator’s habitus (Bourdieu 1977) has in the
development of their characters, and provide conceptual tools that outline this unique relationship. Habitus is a unifying
concept that generates tastes and dispositions based on an individual’s physiology, psychology and sociology.”

IV Congrés Internacional de Recerca en Comunicació, Societat Catalana de Comunicació (SCC)

Tc-99m (Tc-99m RBC) were pre pared in a series of 21 patients and two normal volunteers. In each subject both heparin and acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) solutions were used to label tandem blood samples. The immediate preinjection binding... more

Tc-99m (Tc-99m RBC) were pre pared in a series of 21 patients and two normal volunteers. In each subject both heparin and acid-citrate-dextrose (ACD) solutions were used to label tandem blood samples. The immediate preinjection binding efficiency (BE) was then de termined. In each of the 23 studies, the ACD preparation yielded superior BE. The average BE was 93.47% (±3.78) with ACD and 87.23% (±4.29) with heparin. With the ACD method the effect of carrier Tc-99 may be as great as a 24% reduc tion in BE observed when initial eluates from long-ingrowth-time generators were used. Improved image quality with minimal renal and urinary-bladder activity re sults with ACD labeling. It is concluded that the use of ACD results in superior RBC labeling with less nontarget activity relative to heparin and Is preferred over hep arin for preparing in yivo/in vitro Tc-99m RBC. http://jnm.snmjournals.org/content/24/5/383 This article and updated information are available at: http://jnm.snmjournals.org/site/subscriptions/online.xhtml Information about subscriptions to JNM can be found at: http://jnm.snmjournals.org/site/misc/permission.xhtml

This article discusses Horace Walpole's The Castle of Otranto from the perspective of the notion and the activity of looking or being looked at. It is argued that the power of the gaze and the particular semiotics of " ocular economy " ,... more

This article discusses Horace Walpole's The Castle of Otranto from the perspective of the notion and the activity of looking or being looked at. It is argued that the power of the gaze and the particular semiotics of " ocular economy " , while to some extent linked to biographical contexts, can also be noticed in Walpole's text itself. What is studied is not only the way in which images are used in the text, i.e. what function they perform, but also how they structure the importance of an appeal to vision and images within hauntological perspective and the Gothic genre of literature. R

El 14 de diciembre de 2016, la Fundación Espinosa Rugarcía, I.B.P. (ESRU) recibió en comodato parte de la colección fotográfica del estudio Foto Azul, de la ciudad de Puebla. Foto Azul funcionó entre 1935 y 1984, en la calle Cinco de Mayo... more

Discussion of the contribution of context in the interpretation of photographs

One simple method of recognizing paper currencies has been introduced. It considers different dimensions, areas, Euler numbers, correlations between images as features. It uses Weighted Euclidean Distance for classification. The method... more

One simple method of recognizing paper currencies
has been introduced. It considers different
dimensions, areas, Euler numbers, correlations
between images as features. It uses Weighted
Euclidean Distance for classification. The method
uses the case of Saudi Arabian paper currency as a
model currency under consideration. It uses fifth
series of currency, issued by Saudi Arabian
Monetary Agency (SAMA), as a model currency
under consideration. It produces quite satisfactory
results in terms of recognition and efficiency.

A study of the quality and accuracy of the methods based on frequency analysis for the fractal characterization of surfaces as measured by scanning tunnelling microscopy (or profilometry) is made. The study is based on computer simulation... more

A study of the quality and accuracy of the methods based on frequency analysis for the fractal characterization of surfaces as measured by scanning tunnelling microscopy (or profilometry) is made. The study is based on computer simulation of images of fractal surfaces. A discussion of the mathematical algorithms used for computer generation of fractal surfaces then follows. The main conclusion is that studies of fractal characterization by frequency analysis reported in previous papers in the STM field, as well as conclusions about the performance of the various methods, are doubtful. New methods for frequency analysis that in some cases produce more reliable results are proposed.

Dieses Buch wendet sich nicht nur, aber auch an Lesende, die im Bereich der Gestaltung tätig sind. Gegenwärtigen Erscheinungen in Kunst, Design, Medien und Architektur liegen oftmals Konzepte zugrunde, die aus der traditionellen... more

Dieses Buch wendet sich nicht nur, aber auch an Lesende, die im Bereich der Gestaltung tätig sind. Gegenwärtigen Erscheinungen in Kunst, Design, Medien und Architektur liegen oftmals Konzepte zugrunde, die aus der traditionellen philosophischen Ästhetik stammen. Man muss sie kennen, wenn man jene Erscheinungen angemessen begreifen möchte. Eines der Ziele dieses Buches ist daher, zu demonstrieren, dass bestimmte Begriffe und Kategorien des überlieferten Ästhetik-Diskurses nach wie vor geeignet sind, um aktuelle Phänomene zu verstehen.

The physical basis for breast tumor detection with microwave imaging is the contrast in dielectric properties of normal and malignant breast tissues. Confocal microwave imaging involves illuminating the breast with an ultra-wideband pulse... more

The physical basis for breast tumor detection with microwave imaging is the contrast in dielectric properties of normal and malignant breast tissues. Confocal microwave imaging involves illuminating the breast with an ultra-wideband pulse from a number of antenna locations, then synthetically focusing reflections from the breast. The detection of malignant tumors is achieved by the coherent addition of returns from these strongly scattering objects. In this paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of detecting and localizing small ( 1 cm) tumors in three dimensions with numerical models of two system configurations involving synthetic cylindrical and planar antenna arrays. Image formation algorithms are developed to enhance tumor responses and reduce early-and late-time clutter. The early-time clutter consists of the incident pulse and reflections from the skin, while the late-time clutter is primarily due to the heterogeneity of breast tissue. Successful detection of 6-mm-diameter spherical tumors is achieved with both planar and cylindrical systems, and similar performance measures are obtained. The influences of the synthetic array size and position relative to the tumor are also explored.

Thinking about and with images has long been central to the practice of geographical fieldwork. This paper considers how the participation of images in urban-based fieldwork might be understood in the wake of non-representational... more

Thinking about and with images has long been central to the practice of geographical fieldwork. This paper considers how the participation of images in urban-based fieldwork might be understood in the wake of non-representational theories. Drawing upon our experience of co-teaching an urban-based field course in Berlin, we discuss three ways in which such theories allow us to make more of the participation of images in the thinking-spaces of urban fieldwork. Specifically, we consider how images afford opportunities for attending to everyday ecologies of materials and things; for thinking through the rhythms of urban environments; and for producing affective archives. In concluding we suggest that thinking with images in urban fieldwork can be understood as part of the elaboration of ecologies of non-representational ethico-aesthetic practices.

"Room with a View: the Surrealist Library in Hebdomeros, by Giorgio De Chirico De Chirico’s novel Hebdomeros (1929) is deeply influenced by contemporary Surrealist theories. Imitating the metaphoric space of a library, the narration... more

In 2017, Mexican transfeminist artist and activist Lia García (La Novia Sirena) made weekly visits to dorm 10Bis of the prison Reclusorio Norte, engaging in performative actions with a group of cis-male prisoners. Sprouting from images of... more

In 2017, Mexican transfeminist artist and activist Lia García (La Novia Sirena) made weekly visits to dorm 10Bis of the prison Reclusorio Norte, engaging in performative actions with a group of cis-male prisoners. Sprouting from images of Proyecto 10Bis (2017), this article argues that, within conditions of increasing violence and impunity, Lia transgenders touch in ways that, by (re)pro-ducing hypertenderness, serve as a balm for a hyperviolent state. Unpacking the haptics in the mechanics of production, and considering the Derridian impossibility of tact and of the law, the author argues that by placing herself - cuerpo y corazón - between the state and the body, Lia engenders a haptic tactic that, through a transgendered hypertender touch, activates transaffective resistances that contend with the law and the state.

Recent developments in image-making techniques have resulted in a drastic blurring of the threshold between the world of the image and the real world. Immersive and interactive virtual environments have enabled the production of pictures... more

Recent developments in image-making techniques have resulted in a drastic blurring of the threshold between the world of the image and the real world. Immersive and interactive virtual environments have enabled the production of pictures that elicit in the perceiver a strong feeling of being incorporated in a new and autonomous world. In doing so, they negate themselves as " images-of-something " , as icons: they are veritable " an-icons ". This kind of picture undermines the mainstream representationalist paradigm of Western image theories: " presentification " rather than representation is at stake here. My paper will address this challenging iconoscape, arguing for the necessity of a specific methodological approach—namely, an-iconology.

The Museum of Natural History located in Concepción, Chile, holds a body of eleven small-scale images (seven figures of Saints, one of the Virgin and Child, plus three sculptures of Christ), whose height ranges from 18 to 36 cm. This... more

The Museum of Natural History located in Concepción, Chile, holds a body of eleven small-scale images (seven figures of Saints, one of the Virgin and Child, plus three sculptures of Christ), whose height ranges from 18 to 36 cm. This paper will discuss their iconographies, formal types, material constitution, and possible origins. As the article proceeds, it will prove that the main bulk of this collection can be tracked back to a handicraft center of religious imagery which was active between the cities of Linares and Concepción, during the 18th and 19th centuries.

Está concebido como un manual universitario de carácter absolutamente pedagógico que se articula en diez apartados que pueden ser leídos de forma continuada o aleatoria. Se pretende cubrir así las parcelas principales que constituyen la... more

Está concebido como un manual universitario de carácter absolutamente pedagógico que se articula en diez apartados que pueden ser leídos de forma continuada o aleatoria. Se pretende cubrir así las parcelas principales que constituyen la imagen audiovisual: definición de la imagen, articulación narrativa, tipos de planos, elementos compositivos, campo y fuera de campo, el punto de vista, los movimientos de cámara, la iluminación, el sonido y el montaje. Cada capítulo desarrollará brevemente los conceptos de sus enunciados en base a definiciones, clasificaciones y funciones de dichos conceptos para pasar a la parte más rica de este manual: el análisis de secuencias completas de filmes.
La aplicación práctica de la teoría se abordará a partir de una propuesta de metodología de trabajo para el análisis de la imagen secuencial basada en la aplicación de los principales conceptos relacionados con la imagen audiovisual expuestos en la parte teórica.

Las imágenes entrañan relatos que remiten a universos simbólicos constitutivos del imaginario y que se convierten en marcos de comprensión del mundo. Este trabajo propone un marco de pensamiento para la imagen en prensa que permita... more

Las imágenes entrañan relatos que remiten a universos simbólicos constitutivos del imaginario y que se convierten en marcos de comprensión del mundo. Este trabajo propone un marco de pensamiento para la imagen en prensa que permita contemplar otras posibilidades de representación que no se ajusten a la retórica del objetivismo pero que, sin embargo, sean modos de representación que permitan hablar de lo real y de lo que acontece con justicia. Proponemos la posibilidad de la imagen pensamiento.

Predicting the compressive strength of cement-stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) using current testing machines is time-consuming and costly and may harm the environment due to the samples’ waste. This paper presents an automatic method using... more

Predicting the compressive strength of cement-stabilized rammed earth (CSRE) using current testing machines is time-consuming and costly and may harm the environment due to the samples’ waste. This paper presents an automatic method using computer vision and deep learning to solve the problem. For this purpose, a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) model is proposed, which was evaluated on a new in-house scanning electron microscope (SEM) image database containing 4284 images of materials with different compressive strengths. The experimental results show reasonable prediction results compared to other traditional methods, achieving 84% prediction accuracy and a small (1.5) oot Mean Square Error (RMSE). This indicates that the proposed method (with some enhancements) can be used in practice for predicting the compressive strength of CSRE samples.

Já faz mais de uma década desde que Gillian Rose (2003), geógrafa com trajetória voltada a metodologias visuais, questionou a excessiva utilização de imagens nos discursos geográficos. Segundo ela, a exibição indiscriminada seduziria a... more

Já faz mais de uma década desde que Gillian Rose (2003), geógrafa com trajetória voltada a metodologias visuais, questionou a excessiva utilização de imagens nos discursos geográficos. Segundo ela, a exibição indiscriminada seduziria a audiência, mas retiraria a autoridade da informação e da explicação geográficas de quem discursa. Na época, Felix Driver (2003) e James Ryan (2003) responderam à autora apontando que a geografia desde suas origens valorizou a observação e produziu repertório bastante visual (mapas, desenhos e esquemas), atributos que lhe distinguiram das demais ciências modernas; e que mais importante que tentar controlar as imagens vinculadas à geografia, seria compreender seus efeitos sobre o real e sobre o modo geográfico de se investigar os fenômenos; e fazer com que a disciplina, para isso, lhes dedicasse mais atenção analítica.

An examinationof the paintings by David Salle.

While symbolic colour use has always played a salient role in science research and education, the use of colour in historic diagrams remains a lacuna within the history of science. Investigating the colour use in diagrams often means... more

While symbolic colour use has always played a salient role in science research and education, the use of colour in historic diagrams remains a lacuna within the history of science. Investigating the colour use in diagrams often means uncovering a whole cosmology otherwise not explicit in the diagram itself. The periodic table is a salient and iconic example of non-mimetic colour use in science. Famous is Andreas von Antropoff’s rectangular table of recurrent rainbow colours (1924); Alcindo Flores Cabral’s (1949) application of colour in his round snail form using the rgb scheme, Mazurs’ pine tree system (1967), speaking of warm and cold colours that he attributed to specific groups of elements – an attribution that we can relate back to humoralism and alchemy. From the first periodic tables in the 19th century on, individual researchers have used different colour regimes. While standardization may play an obvious role in chemistry and its diagrams, all the more impressive is the anarchistic use of colour in the respective diagrams up to today. This article focuses on periodical tables in chemical journals and text books and explores and compares the development of colour codes found in the few existing polychrome diagrams from the 1920s to the 1970s.

Umberto Eco (1975; 1985) has invariantly maintained that specular images have no semiosic status, basically because they stand in front rather than instead of an object. In his Kant and the Platypus (1997), Eco returns offering reasons to... more

Umberto Eco (1975; 1985) has invariantly maintained that specular images have no semiosic status, basically because they stand in front rather than instead of an object. In his Kant and the Platypus (1997), Eco returns offering reasons to exclude specular images from signs, and definitely classifies mirrors as visual prosthetic devices. In this paper I argue that Eco is partly right and partly wrong. He is right inasmuch as he claims that seeing an object in a mirror must count as a case of seeing that object rather than as a case of seeing a sign of that object (or, a sign standing for a propositional content about that object). The only reason why we should agree with Eco on this point, however, is that otherwise we would be forced to admit that also when we see the object in normal visual perception, with no mirror involved, what we really see is a sign. But then Eco is wrong because he does not acknowledge that, although mirror phenomena do have no semiosic status per se, they may acquire it by taking advantage of independent sign-functions – thus coming to be part of what I call parasiticly semiosic phenomena. Specifically, since an object that is visually perceived in a mirror may appear to have some spatial or topological properties that the real object does not possess, it is sufficient for the mirror phenomenon to exploit an independent sign-function whose expressions admit spatial or topological properties among their distinctive traits in order for it to become fully (though parasiticly) semiosic.

Catalogue of the Exhibition at the Galerie Nationale du Jeu de Paume (Paris, 2020) | English edition With texts by: Quentin Bajac, Peter Szendy, Emmanuel Alloa, Marta Ponsa, Jean-Joseph Goux, Matthias Bruhn, Hervé Aubron, Antonio... more

Advancement in the arts and sciences is a primary driver of economic production and social policy in post-industrial societies. Imagination steps back and asks what advances the arts and sciences? This book explores the collective, social... more

Advancement in the arts and sciences is a primary driver of economic production and social policy in post-industrial societies. Imagination steps back and asks what advances the arts and sciences? This book explores the collective, social and global dimension of human imagining and the ambivalent relationship of social institutions, including universities, schools, economies, media and culture industries, to the collective imagination. Basic discovery requires high levels of creative thinking: Imagination looks at the social conditions that make path-breaking thought possible on a large scale. It examines the role of aesthetic, pictorial, digital, paradoxical and other imaginative styles of thinking, and the times and places in which such styles become socially prominent and a significant force in economic and cultural production. It looks at successful societies as they are approaching their peak, when new ideas are driving them forward.

The prevailing opininion considers that Islam is against images. Going back to the Koran and the hadiths, and reviewing the art production in Islamic lands from the beginning to our time, the book tries to give another perspective on this... more

The prevailing opininion considers that Islam is against images. Going back to the Koran and the hadiths, and reviewing the art production in Islamic lands from the beginning to our time, the book tries to give another perspective on this question. The modern period, where a multiplication of images can be observed, is analyzed in details, through fatwas and other positions taken by Islamic scholars.

This book draws from art history, photography and visual studies to develop an interdisciplinary, image-based approach to understanding consumer behavior. Focusing on four themes: representation, photography, images and identity, it... more

This book draws from art history, photography and visual studies to develop an interdisciplinary, image-based approach to understanding consumer behavior. Focusing on four themes: representation, photography, images and identity, it presents a theoretical perspective on visual consumption, providing wide-ranging examples from advertising, the internet, photography, design, theatre and tourism, and discusses the importance of the internet in bringing visual issues into the mainstream of strategic thinking; spurring research into perception of visual displays.

Despite massive interest in visual culture and an abundance of theories on images, basic questions still animate researchers: What is an image? How does it work? Why is it powerful? This article reviews the growth of Visual Culture... more

Despite massive interest in visual culture and an abundance of theories on images, basic questions still animate researchers: What is an image? How does it work? Why is it powerful? This article reviews the growth of Visual Culture studies and provides an overview of key questions of visuality, how they have influenced research and offers a glimpse into future directions occupying the field.