Digitisation Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

An overview of Brighton Toy and Model Museum’s exploration of photogrammetry during 2017-2019.

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- Photogrammetry, NEW TECHNOLOGY IN THE MUSEUM, Digitisation, Museum graphics

Since it first appeared in literature in the early nineties, the Circular Economy (CE) has grown in significance amongst academic, policymaking, and industry groups. The latest developments in the CE field have included the interrogation of CE as a paradigm, and its relationship with sustainability and other concepts, including iterative definitions. Research has also identified a significant opportunity to apply circular approaches to our rapidly changing industrial system, including manufacturing processes and Industry 4.0 (I4.0) which, with data, is enabling the latest advances in digital technologies (DT). Research which fuses these two areas has not been extensively explored. This is the first paper to provide a synergistic and integrative CE-DT framework which offers directions for policymakers and guidance for future research through a review of the integrated fields of CE and I4.0. To achieve this, a Systematic Literature Review (SLR; n = 174) of the empirical literature related to digital technologies, I4.0, and circular approaches is conducted. The SLR is based on peer-reviewed articles published between 2000 and early 2018. This paper also summarizes the current trends in CE research related to manufacturing. The findings confirm that while CE research has been on the increase, research on digital technologies to enable a CE is still relatively untouched. While the " interdisciplinarity " of CE research is well-known, the findings reveal that a substantial percentage is engineering-focused. The paper concludes by proposing a synergistic and integrative CE-DT framework for future research developed from the gaps in the current research landscape.

- by Okechukwu Okorie
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- Remanufacturing, Systematic Literature Review, Digitisation, Circular Economy

The big and increasingly complex problems faced by governments around the world do not fit neatly into the internal structures by which governments have divided and organized themselves. As a result, many governments are struggling to respond effectively. In this blog post, we summarize the findings of our recent paper "Abandoning Silos: How innovative governments are collaborating horizontally to solve complex problems" which explores how three countries (Estonia, the United Kingdom, and New Zealand) are successfully overcoming this challenge.

- by Michael C Urban
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- Public Administration, Digitization, United Kingdom, Public Sector Reform

Lecture at the University of Colorado at Boulder:
Architect’s roles and profiles will need to change in order to meet the changing nature of our society, the technologies driving it and the expectations of our clients. Professor Peter Russell describes the impact of technologies on Architecture as an object, a profession, a process, a business and as a field of study.

- by Peter Russell
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- Future Studies, Architecture, CAAD, BIM (Architecture)

Die Steuerverwaltung hat ihre Vorreiterrolle bei der Digitalisierung von Verwaltungsleistungen verloren. Die digitale Transformation erfordert mehr als die reine Entwicklung von einheitlicher Steuersoftware im KONSENS-Verbund. Horizontale Kooperationen halten dem Tempo der Privatwirtschaft und ausländischer Verwaltungen nicht Stand. Unter Beibehaltung der dezentralen, föderalen Struktur der deutschen Steuerverwaltung kann eine Bündelung der Digitalkompetenzen auf Bundesebene grundgesetzkonform erreicht werden. Hierzu werden die rechtlichen Rahmenbedingungen ausführlich dargestellt. Bis zum Jahr 2030 sollten die Finanzämter auf weitgehend digitale Prozesse umgestellt sein. Über Anwendungsbeispiele für digitale Technologien in den einzelnen Bereichen des Finanzamts werden die zukünftigen Herausforderungen für die Steuerverwaltung konkret aufgezeigt. Um spürbare Mehrwerte für die Steuerpflichtigen zu schaffen, sollte zukünftig eine übergreifende, intelligente Smartphone-App sämtliche e- Government-Leistungen der Bundes- und Landessteuerverwaltungen vereinen.

- by Daniel Simon Schaebs and +1
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- Public Administration, Taxation, Digitization, E-Government

Digitisation of cable television in India is an important and necessary step for regulating cable television sector in India and to bring transparency in the system to benefit all stakeholders, including consumers and cable operators.... more

- by Edupedia Publications
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- Digitisation, Cable TV, Tv Digital

Since the 1990’s the digital revolution has inspired the prophecies of Silicon Valley pundits that we are about to enter a leaderless society. Yet, the cyberutopian excitement about the ‘wisdom of the crowd’ has given way to an unprecedented disillusionment since 2016 at the latest. If we want to learn from this sobering experience, we must face the decisive problem: Every democracy is founded on practices of acclamation and praise. Social networks like Facebook have turned such practices into a manipulative tool that undermines the democratic pursuit of the true and the good. What can we learn from the premodern cultivation of practices of worship and praise if we want to overcome the life-threatening crisis of contemporary democracies?

The article presents the results of experimental computer modeling of various silhouette shapes of women's dresses to determine the possibilities of using the UV-unwrap technology in generating pattern blocks of historical clothing. By using an example of six dresses, a scheme and sequence of application of 3DSMax software commands for modifying the contours of the UV-maps to coincide with the contours of the dress details was developed. The scheme converts the UV-maps of women's clothing into a pattern block. The results are of significant importance for studying historical clothing through its 3D scans from the standpoint of engineering, digital exhibitions and analytical reconstruction.

- by Mariia Moskvina and +1
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- History of Dress, Digitisation, Garments Manufacturing, Apparel Industry

In this written transcript of a conversation with Keith Krause, Professor at the Graduate Institute of International and Development Studies (IHEID) in Geneva, Switzerland, Director of its Centre on Conflict, Development and Peacebuilding (CCDP), and – until 2016 – Programme Director of the Small Arms Survey, central aspects of the contemporary use and study of technologies of violence are highlighted. The ways in which technology informed Keith's research and how it altered the character of international violence are addressed, before the conversation moved to how technology affects patterns of knowledge creation and dissemination in the IR discipline more generally.

- by Jonas Hagmann
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- International Relations, Technology, Violence, Critical Security Studies

The paper shows the client’s attitude towards the quasi-automation of the procurement
processes in the backdrop of a digital environment in some European countries. The
construction industry is increasingly competing on new bases, implementing a digital approach.
The client plays a key role in defining digital requirements and controlling the entire supply
chain in the very early phases. Indeed, first, an ‘intelligent’ digital built environment needs an
‘intelligent’ driver. In this scenario, clients should set digital requirements able to control the
compliance of offers in a quasi-automated way during tendering and awarding stages. However,
the current implementation and understanding on this new attitude is not very clear and there is
a gap in literature. For this reason, a deductive approach based on an online questionnaire
delivered to a sample of leading European clients has been used to investigate the state of the
art. Results indicate that a large number of clients use digital tools to set digital requirements
and include digital deliverables in the contract (such as Building Information Models).
However, the adoption of e-Procurement platforms and the evaluation of the entire supply chain
during the tendering and awarding stages are still limited. Moreover, most of the clients
perceive that the quasi-automation of the procurement process can generate benefits and favour
risk mitigation for banks and insurances. The results can be used to get a better understanding of
the current situation and to define fields where a digital approach can be further implemented.

- by Marzia Bolpagni and +1
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- Building Information Modeling (BIM) (Architecture), Public Procurement, Electronic Procurement, Tendering
- by Tomáš Kykal and +1
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- First World War, Online Research Methods, Digitisation, Austro-Hungarian History
- by Alice Semedo
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- Museum Studies, Cultural Heritage, Organisational Change, Social Media
- by Gabriele Balbi
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- History, Media Studies, New Media, Photography

Digital archival information systems can be planned and designed by following the most prominent records management methodologies like ISO 15489, related standards and DIRKS, or by following project management approach. Project management approach means planning and designing of digital archival information system as a cost and time-bound project and performing monitoring and evaluation activities in these perimeters. This approach can be done by following different project management methodologies like PRINCE2 or Project Cycle Management. The aim of this article is to explain these available options, to compare them and to make recommendations based on assessment of capabilities of an organisation in which the potential digital archival information system is to be planned and designed. Project cycle management is suitable methodology for organisations in which digital archive developers do not have sufficient administrative capabilities or enough staff with technical know-how to develop digital archive without outsourced technical assistance, but are allowed to apply for European financial aid, such as IPA or other funds in the future.

- by Hrvoje Stancic
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- Information Systems, Project Management, Digitization, Digital Archives

The Brabant map maker and geographer Abraham Ortelius (1527-1598) would have gained only a small position within the cartographic discipline, if he didn’t conceive the pioneer’s idea to compose the best actual maps in a uniform format in a book. His modern world atlas 'Theatrum orbis terrarum', of which the first edition appeared in 1570, was compiled and printed in Antwerp, at the time the very heart of the worldwide economy, but also of commercial cartography. Ortelius’s atlas became a great success, setting the trend for a rich trade in maps and atlases for the centuries to come.

- by Marco van Egmond
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- History of Cartography, Special Collections, Digitisation

Digitization of Sources from the Ottoman Era in Atatürk Library

- by Selçuk Aydin
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- Digitisation Of Cultural Heritage, Digitised archives, Digitisation

2020 was a pandemic year worldwide. In Estonia, it was also declared the Year of Digital Culture, by the Ministry of Culture. The synergy between the two was unexpected, but significant: the pandemic highlighted both the importance of digital culture and the shortcomings in its organization and accessibility, and more broadly, the shortcomings in sectoral policy-making. Estonia may be a 'digital state', but our strengths lie first and foremost in public e-government services and in the infrastructure that has been created for this purpose. We have plans to digitize our cultural heritage, but lack clear goals and actions to make culture more widely accessible through digital channels, in order to create new opportunities for participatory culture and to support the creation of innovative digital art forms that would enrich our meaning ecologies. At the same time, it is clear that most online interactions are about cultural content and that new digital technologies are being deployed primarily for more efficient consumption of creative works. For decades, researchers have shown how the creation of new technologies is shaped and driven by people's search for meaning and their everyday cultural practices. This is why Estonia needs a digital cultural policy that goes beyond both-classical cultural policy and conventional economic policy. We need an innovation policy that is attentive to culture but also technologically informed, and that sees the interconnections between culture and technology and integrates them into one whole. In moving towards this goal, we've articulated a 12-point manifesto. One statement for each month of the year of digital culture.

- by Indrek Ibrus and +2
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- Cultural Policy, Innovation Policy, Digital Culture, Estonia

While struggling to succeed in today’s complex market environment and provide better customer experience and services, enterprises encompass digital transformation as a means for reaching competitiveness and foster value creation. A digital transformation process consists of information technology implementation projects, as well as organizational factors such as top management support, digital transformation strategy, and organizational changes. However, to the best of our knowledge, there is little evidence about digital transformation endeavors in organizations and how they perceive it – is it only about digital technologies adoption or a true organizational shift is needed? In order to address this issue and as the first step in our research project, a literature review is conducted. The analysis included case study papers from Scopus and Web of Science databases. The following attributes are considered for classification and analysis of papers: time component; country of case origin; case industry and; digital transformation concept comprehension, i.e. focus. Research showed that organizations – public, as well as private ones, are aware of change necessity and employ digital transformation projects. Also, the changes concerning digital transformation affect both manufacturing and service-based industries. Furthermore, we discovered that organizations understand that besides technologies implementation, organizational changes must also be adopted. However, with only 29 relevant papers identified, research positioned digital transformation as an unexplored and emerging phenomenon in information systems research. The scarcity of evidence-based papers calls for further examination of this topic on cases from practice

- by Lucija Ivančić
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- Case Study Research, Digitization, Digital Technologies, Literature Review

The Digital Repository Project, initiated by the National Film Archive in 2010, is just finishing its fifth year. The project’s aims were to digitize, archive, catalogue and make available the Polish cinema to a broader audience. The digitization for the project The National Film Archive’s Digital Repository was possible due to the support of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage and its programs: the Digitalizacja materiałów audiowizualnych (2010) and the Wieloletni Program Rządowy KULTURA+ (2011-2014) directed by the National Audiovisual Institute.

- by Ela Wysocka
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- Polish Film, Digital repositories, Film archives, Digitisation

Depuis que les pratiques culturelles sont entrées dans l'ère numérique en France, la vie musicale a été affectée dans tous ses aspects par cette révolution technologique. Or, si les pratiques numériques modifient la façon dont nous créons, jouons, diffusons et écoutons la musique, elles questionnent aussi les apprentissages musicaux et bousculent les façons d’enseigner la musique.
Les pratiques numériques concernent les façons dont nous enseignons la musique depuis le confinement et l’organisation urgente d’un enseignement à distance, sans formation préalable des enseignants aux outils numériques, pour assurer une « continuité pédagogique ». Mais le numérique est-il le moyen de continuer ce qui ne peut plus l’être autrement, ou de faire autre chose, autrement ?

- by Sandrine Desmurs
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- Music Education, Pedagogy, Digitisation
- by Marcus Brittain and +1
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- Visual Anthropology, Media Studies, Media Archaeology, Social Sciences

Digital libraries depend on digital content. There are information objects which are “born digital”, having been created by computational technologies and never existing in analogue format, but the majority of holdings offered by digital libraries were created through the process of digitization, “the conversion of an analog signal or code into a digital signal or code” (Lee 2002, 3).
The information, culture, and heritage sectors were quick to embrace digitization technologies as they became available, primarily to facilitate access to items in collections by providing them in electronic format. Producing digital versions of holdings through digitization has become an industry in itself, and there has been much effort devoted to producing guides to best practice for undertaking the digitisation of library and archive material.
This chapter provides an overview of the rise of digitization, demonstrating the phenomenal recent uptake of digital technologies within the library sector, laying the foundations for the digital libraries of the future.

This article discusses, from a theoretical and philosophical perspective, the meaning and the importance of basic literacy training for education in an age in which digital technologies have become ubiquitous. I discuss some arguments which I draw from the so called literacy hypothesis approach (McLuhan, Goody, Havelock, Ong), in order to understand the significance of a ‘traditional’ initiation into literacy. I then use the work of Bernard Stiegler on bodily gestures and routines, related to different (traditional and digital) technologies, in order to elaborate and criticize the claims the literacy hypothesis makes. Bringing together insights from both the literacy hypothesis approach and Stiegler’s work, I defend the view that there exists an essential difference between traditional and digital literacy, and I try to argue for the introduction of a spelling and grammar of the digital in the educational curriculum.

This article reflects on the process of digitising a collection of almost 1800 Victorian Valentines cards. The Museum of London’s card collection is only a fraction of an individual’s extensive collection of greetings cards. This article argues that the work of documenting and photographing the cards revealed information about the nature of collecting. There have always been inconsistencies between professional and personal collecting activities: the museum acquired just part of the collection because the entire collection was so vast it was considered unmanageable. Collections online and digitisation work has suggested several points about the nature of the collection as context and this short article discusses some of these ideas.

- by Ellie Miles
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- Museum Studies, Digitization, Digital Collections, Curating

Since the 1970s, the gallery, library, archive, and museum sector has promoted and encouraged digitization - the conversion of analog into digital information - to increase access to cultural heritage material through various incarnations of digital media. Indeed, it is now expected by both users and professionals that institutions should be undertaking digitization programs, and best practices in this area are now well documented and understood. This chapter scopes out the background to the current digitization environment, giving an overview of the methods and approaches involved. It points to current developments, highlighting the use of both two and three dimensional capture methods for the creation of digital surrogates of objects and artefacts, indicating the potential for further development in the sector, whilst drawing attention to current issues faced when digitizing objects and artefacts including cost, sustainability, impact evaluation, and expectation management in the changing information environment. The affordances of previously prohibitively expensive techniques – such as multi-spectral imaging and 3D scanning – are now available at relatively inexpensive rates, which also raises questions about digital literacy and our understanding of what it means, for both the end user and information professional, to create digital versions of our cultural inheritance.

- by Melissa Terras
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- Library Science, Digital Humanities, Museum Studies, Archives
- by Maria Economou and +1
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- Digital Humanities, Cultural Heritage, Digitization, Digital Preservation

The National Archives of Zimbabwe Act (1986) has declared that historical records in particular must be protected against any destruction, defacing, alteration, mutilation or damage. Despite this, the pace at which digitisation has been implemented by the National Archives of Zimbabwe and other memory institutions to ensure the protection and preservation of historical records and other valuable information materials, has been slag and ad-hoc. This paper will present and discuss the circumstances and challenges facing the country’s National Archiving institution to embark on digitisation efforts to preserve selected public and private historical records and archives generated public registries, memory institutions and other information centres in Zimbabwe.

- by Delight Sigauke and +1
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- Digitisation, Historical Records, National Archives of Zimbabwe, NAZ Act (1986)
- by Inge Sorensen
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- New Media, Web 2.0, Cultural Policy, Media Economics
- by Alice Semedo
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- Museum Studies, Cultural Heritage, Organisational Change, Social Media

Digitalization in Higher Education (HE) institutions is an issue that concerns many educational stakeholders. ICT skills are becoming increasingly relevant in every context, especially in the workplace, therefore one of the prime objectives for universities has become preparing future professionals to be able to deal with problems and search for solutions, including digital competence as a vital skill set.
Different policies, initiatives and strategies are currently being proposed in Germany, addressing educational technology innovations in HE. The University of Oldenburg is presented as an example, in an endeavour to gain an understanding of what is being proposed and what is actually happening in teaching and learning in German university classrooms. Two datasets were examined regarding the use and perceptions of students (n = 200) and teachers (n = 381) on the use of digital tools.
Findings reveal that both teachers and students use a limited number of digital technology for predominantly assimilative tasks, with the Learning Management System being perceived as the most useful tool. In order to support the broader use of educational technology for teaching and learning purposes, strategies for HE institutions are suggested.

- by Melissa Bond and +2
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- Educational Technology, Higher Education, Digitization, Digital Media & Learning

Potentials of scientific research in general are obviously subject to changes in accordance with current digital information and communication environment, which is capable to give new, advanced performances, or those essentially different from the traditional ones, even in the domain of humanities, including literary studies as well. In this connection, developing a digital heritage repository, as a way of organizing and composing objects of heritage in selected thematic entities, is demanding, but also inspiring possibility in the case of literary heritage as well. The aim of the proposed paper is to examine potentials and advantages of developing a digital repository of Meša Selimović’s literary work. The focused problem is going to be approached in a holistic manner, which means in terms of its practical and cultural values, but also in terms of its feasibility. The authors of the proposed paper are taking interdisciplinary methodological sides, which is caused by the authors’ d...

- by Sanjin Kodric
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- Museum Studies, Cultural Heritage, Digitization, Digital Collections

Luxury brands have been reluctant to adopt technology-enhanced multi-actor interactions at the customer interface. This article synthesizes research on luxury and multi-actor interactions in non-luxury contexts to explore how luxury brands can adopt digitally enabled multi-actor service encounters. The literature is further supplemented by interviews with managers in luxury firms. Our findings caution against simply adopting approaches from non-luxury contexts as they risk undermining the luxury service experience. Rather, we develop a set of propositions at the intersections of the physical, digital, and social realms on how luxury brands can adapt the use of digital multi-actor interactions to augment rather than imperil their brand image. Specifically, our propositions help luxury managers to enhance the customer experience through hedonic escapism, strengthen their brand communities, and use digitization to simultaneously provide conspicuous customers with greater visibility and discreet customers with social exclusivity.

- by Professor Jochen Wirtz
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- Services' Marketing, Digitization, Luxury, Luxury Brands

This paper will focus on the challenges and opportunities of digitisation and how digital preservation stands as the next frontier that awaits archivists as they traverse the digitisation experience. Zimbabwean Archivists must be aware of the challenges that inadvertently arise with any digitisation project. In particular, the enormous costs and time involved; the gap in professional skills and training, obsolescence of digitisation technologies, a vacuum in institutional infrastructure and indistinct strategies for a holistic programme for preserving the digitised materials. As a consequence most digitisation projects are foreign donor funded and regrettably exhibit a lack of skills and technological transfer to local archivists. Recommendations to the National Archives of Zimbabwe to consider working partnerships with on-going digitisation programmes in the region and collaborate with regional partners to ensure that future digitisation projects are home-grown and sustainable in the long-term.

- by Delight Sigauke
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- Collaboration, Digital Preservation, Training, Digitisation

Information is the key driver for gaining competitive advantage in the corporate world. Access to relevant information and its effective use facilitates building up the information capability of employees. Information Literacy (IL) provides an opportunity to personnel to acquire knowledge and motivates them to become life-long learners. The opportunities for implementing Information Literacy programme in a large steel manufacturing company are explored in this paper. The paper highlights the growing importance of information in industrial organizations and reviews the status of IL initiatives at the workplace. Suggestions have been made to expand information literacy programmes to enable the employees improve their knowledge and skills.

In jüngerer Vergangenheit ist eine vitale Debatte um den Zusammenhang zwischen der Digitali- sierung der Arbeit und der Polarisierung der Sozialstruktur entstanden. Dabei stehen sich Stu- dien zu Makroentwicklungen sozialer Ungleichheit und Befunde zu Veränderungen betrieblicher Sozialstrukturen (Mikroebene) bisher unverbunden gegenüber. Die vorliegende Metastudie ver- sucht daher, die Brücke zwischen diesen beiden Forschungsfeldern zu schlagen. Über eine um- fassende Literaturauswertung kommen wir zu dem Schluss, dass die soziale Polarisierungsbe- wegung, die im Zeichen der fortschreitenden Digitalisierung in der Öffentlichkeit befürchtet wird, bereits seit Jahrzehnten real und ihre Fortsetzung mit oder ohne fortschreitende Digitali- sierung wahrscheinlich ist. Von einer beschleunigten Digitalisierung könnten gleichwohl Impulse für eine weitere Verschärfung dieser Dynamik ausgehen.

- by Philipp Staab
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- Sociology, Sociology of Work, Digitisation

As digitalisation increasingly encompasses entire service ecosystems , it modifies resource integration patterns that connect ecosystem actors through strong and weak ties. To clarify how technological development contributes to this change, and how resource integration transforms the service ecosystem, this qualitative case study explores the digitalisation strategy of a market-leading systems integrator in the maritime industry. Based on 40 depth interviews with managers, the findings show how technology increasingly serves as a key operant resource in the transformation of resource integration patterns. The study contributes to ecosystem dynamics research by identifying major differences between the pre-digitalised and digitalised states of a service ecosystem, and demonstrates the dual role of technology in both increasing pattern complexity and facilitating coordination of that complexity. ARTICLE HISTORY

- by Christian Kowalkowski and +2
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- Ecosystem Services, Digitization, Innovation in Services, B2B Marketing

The results of this study are based on the activities carried out within two distinct administrative projects, but essentially complementary and homogeneous: “Heritage at the crossroads. Digitization of stone crosses and monuments of heroes from Prahova County” and “Heritage at the crossroads. Digitization of stone crosses, hero monuments and historical landscapes in the north and east of Prahova County”. The first project took place in 2017, the second took place in 2018, under the auspices of the European Year of Cultural Heritage and the Romanian Centenary of the Great Union. In the following, we will consider both aforementioned projects as two campaigns of a single development, given the common goal and objectives.
The two projects addressed the need to safeguard special categories of immovable cultural heritage, ignored and considerably degraded: firstly, stone memorial crosses, but also monuments honoring the memory of heroes fallen in World War I and the historical landscapes associated with this conflagration. The causes that have led to the degradation and sometimes destruction of these types of cultural heritage are many, but the most important are the gaps in legislation, the lack of knowledge regarding the meaning and the importance of local heritage protection, and loss of direct connections to the commemorated events and persons. On another hand, the degradation, the destruction, and in some cases even the disappearance of some monuments suggests a lack of interest in monuments and places of national and local memory, as well as of some monuments that by their form and/or significance denote a religious character.

- by Marius C Streinu and +1
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- Folklore, Photogrammetry, Romanian History, Cultural Heritage

The growth and health of our digital economies and societies depend on the core protocols and infrastructure of the internet. This technical and logical substructure of our digital existence is now in need of protection against unwarranted interference in order to sustain the growth and the integrity of the global internet. The internet’s key protocols and infrastructure can be considered a global public good that provides benefits to everyone in the world. Countering the growing state interference with this ‘public core of the internet’ requires a new international agenda for internet governance that departs from the notion of a global public good. Core ingredients of this strategy are:
• To establish and disseminate an international norm stipulating that the internet’s public core – its main protocols and infrastructure– must be safeguarded against unwarranted intervention by governments.
• To advocate efforts to clearly differentiate at the national and international level between internet security (security of the internet infrastructure) and national security (security through the internet).
• To broaden the arena for cyber diplomacy to include new coalitions of states (including the so-called ‘swing states’) and private companies, including the large internet companies as well as internet intermediaries such as Internet Service Providers.

- by Dennis Broeders
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- European Studies, International Relations, Censorship, Internet Studies

This paper examines how the adoption of hiring algorithms expands gender inequality in the labour force. It hypothesises that, given its nature in predicting the future based on historical data, hiring algorithms exhibit the risk of discriminating women. Its proneness in repeating, if not expanding, societal bias is predominantly geared by its propensity in blindly feeding on (1) data misrepresentation, (2) correlational errors, and (3) the limitation of datasets. The study presents that, firstly, despite the identical qualifications, skills and experience, hiring algorithms rank male candidates higher than female. This includes ‘passive’ submissions on online candidate profiling. Secondly, despite the overrepresentation of women in parenthood and non-traditional workforce, hiring algorithms discriminate both male and female candidates with parental leave in comparison to those without. Thirdly, it reveals that hiring algorithms are significantly more prone to conceiving gender discrimination in assessing gender-based key-worded resumés compared to the entirely identical resumés. This paper has demonstrated that the rise of digitalisation should redefine the meaning of ‘fairness’, ‘discrimination’ and ‘accountability’. Despite the seriousness of these problems, however, the lack of cross-disciplinary study in this particular issue pertains. This paper’s contentions are a mere reprise of arguments that offer complex theories. It has sought to start a new conversation about the acute problems faced by women.

- by Sheilla M Njoto
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- Algorithms, Artificial Intelligence, Gender Studies, Social Policy

Following the implementation of the Virtual Multimodal Museum (ViMM) project, which finished in March 2019, the European Commission issued a Declaration on Cooperation on Advancing Digitisation of Cultural Heritage during the Digital Day in April 2019. One year later, in April 2020, the European Commission (EC) launched a commercial call for tenders to develop a Study on quality in 3D digitisation of tangible cultural heritage (the study). The tender theme is to acknowledge the increasing demand for internationally recognised standards for the holistic 3D documentation of Europe's rich cultural heritage (CH) and address the lack of standards. The study aims to map parameters, formats, standards, benchmarks, methodologies, and guidelines relating to 3D digitisation of tangible cultural heritage, the different potential purposes or uses, by type of tangible cultural heritage, and the degree of complexity of tangible cultural heritage. A team of researchers at the Cyprus University of Technology (CUT) leads a consortium of partners from industry and academia across Europe to conduct this unique study. This work in progress paper introduces the research's objectives and methodology and presents some of its first results.

- by Nenad Joncic and +4
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- Archaeology, Architecture, Cultural Heritage, Digitization