Sustainable Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Education, Evidence Based Practice, Inclusion, Sustainable

Sustainable design is a phrase commonly used in the realms of design practice and yet the definition of the same remains quite fuzzy, thus providing the motivation for this research. The paper looks at contemporary sustainable design practices in the area of architecture design, building construction and landscape architecture. The objective is to understand what the term “sustainable design” really means as used in practice and what strategies are being employed towards the goal of sustainable development. The ...

- by Archana Sharma
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- Design, Landscape Architecture, Ecological Economics, Environmental Design

Abstract: In the construction industry, project site operatives see resources wastefulness as inevitable. Moreover, there is often an absence of appropriate resources to support waste management. This notion makes participants to a... more

- by Lance W Robinson
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- Decision Making, Sustainable Development, Rural Development, Complexity
- by Hiroshi Ogata
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- Coral Reefs, Sustainable

In Africa, most events are crowned by political overtones. If these forums can be used to communicate information for development purposes, the continent could be far in terms of development. A number of mass media scholars (Bennett, 2003; Diamond, 2004; Graber, 2010) have noted that democratization and the processes of achieving it must be tailored toward increasing domestic and global awareness and developing sophisticated citizenry. More than ever before, African governments have consistently indicated their commitment to political and economic development, but this laudable objective seems far-fetched as a result of the minimal role of the media in educating the public and encouraging effective participation and responsiveness.This paper is geared towards investigating how political communication and messages can be utilized for development purposes. With the globalization of economies over the past two decades, there has been an increasing surge in Africa for strategic politic...

- by Aquinata Agonga
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- Globalization, Politics, Political communication, Participation

Urban growth has been fast for decades. Because money is very important in this urban-based world, humanity focuses on economic development, and is often too busy to deal with sustainability. Therefore, in a world that is constantly changing, creating sustainable cities that contain a diverse range of habitats supporting plant establishment is essential. Some surprising urban habitats in which plants can grow, such as cracks on pavements and walls, rocky areas, abandoned places and roofs might be extremely important for sustainability, while urban spaces are under artificial pressure. In this study, which suggesting a method to create more sustainable green roofs for urban areas, and considering roof vegetation is already important for supporting the ecology of urban areas, we surveyed 37 roofs in an urban part of Trabzon city focusing on the habitat effect. We found 51 plant species growing on these 37 roofs, and determined five different roof vegetation typologies in the research ...

- by Emrah Yalcinalp
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- Landscape Architecture, Sustainable, Vegetation Ecology, Green Roof

The integration of entire supply and value chain into a closed loop network is gaining more im-portance in recent times in order to ensure a business to be economically and environmentally sustainable with the changing trends in business and social environments, growing environmental consciousness in the society and government legislations to protect the environment as well as the business. In this context, this paper considers a multi-echelon closed loop supply chain network design with forward and reverse logistics components. An attempt has been made to develop a mixed integer non-linear programming model for this problem with different costs so that the sum of the total cost is minimized subject to different constraints pertaining to capacities of the entities of the system, demands of first customers and second customers. A generalized model is presented and then its application is illustrated using an example problem by solving the model using LINGO14. This model forms as a to...

As the creative city discourse has come to the centre of cultural policy debates, its rhetoric often neglects smaller cities and emphasises the cases of large cities that employ culture as a driver for economic growth. However, the cultural strategies of many medium sized and small cities focus more on social objectives. This seems to be the case for Greek

- by Dora Konsola and +1
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- Economics, Cultural Policy, Cultural Heritage, Economic Growth

Developing new and improved grazing systems for crop–livestock farms where crop production is the major driver of farm management decisions presents a unique research and development challenge. In southern Australia, a substantial proportion of animal production from grazing comes from regions and farms where cropping is the major enterprise. In this paper, we describe a multi-disciplinary farming-systems research approach (EverCrop) aimed at improving farm profitability, risk management and environmental impacts through the development and integration of new grazing options with an emphasis on perennial species. It has been used to analyse and target new opportunities for farmers to benefit from perennial species across dry Mediterranean-type and temperate regions of southern Australia. It integrates field experimentation, on-farm trialling, farmer participatory research, soil–plant–climate biophysical modelling, whole-farm bioeconomic analysis and evaluations of adoptability. Mult...

- by Rick Llewellyn
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- Agronomy, Interaction, Sustainable, Climate

Agriculture is highly dependent on the social sustainability inherent in rural communities. Yet too often we focus on the economic and environmental drivers relating to agricultural production, ignoring the social and community aspects that make rural livelihood not only possible but also rewarding and nurturing. In this paper I focus on climate change as yet another factor associated with rural restructuring that defrays community wellbeing. I argue that attention to social factors and a stronger role for government in assisting communities will enable greater adaptation and enhance resilience in what are essentially very uncertain times.

- by Margaret Alston
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- Agronomy, Interaction, Sustainable, Climate

- by Sefa Akbulut
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- Landscape Architecture, Sustainable, Vegetation Ecology, Green Roof
- by Marjorie Musy
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- Sustainable, Climate, Environmental Sciences, Vertigo

Abstract
Background: Kutai National Park (KNP) is a national park of lowland tropical rain forest that rich with biodiversity and conservation area comprising of terrestrial and coastal areas. It is one among those 50 national parks in Indonesia that has been muted, degraded, and encroached due to road built across the park connecting and transporting oil and gas, intermittent forest fires and local plus immigrant people. Since the existence of the national park, conflict of interest involved many stakeholders. Based on the current data, during 63 years from 1934 until 1997, this area has been drastically reduced from approximately 2 million ha into only above 200 thousand hectares This reduction was due to the change their land appropriation from park into partially mining concessions, settlement and agriculture. Objective: the aims of study were to analyze the needs of the future management of KNP and make a management model that can guarantee the existence of KNP in the future. Result: Prospective analysis result showed that the factors of institutional strengthening and partner engagement were determinant factors for civil-military based management model of KNP, while the driving factors to succeed the model were re-organization, law enforcement, and area security patrol. The result of combined scenario applied with intervention and tested with sustainable socio-economy aspect, protection and area security as well as management aspect and sustainable financing. Thus, the KNP management model used civil-military scenario. This model could ensure sustainable socio-economic of the community, protection, and security of KNP as well as the
management and sustainable funding for the future of the National Park.
Conlusion: the result of prospective analysis showed that the future needs for the existence of KNP were with setting the factors of institutional strengthening and engagement of Kutai Partner as the determinant factors; and factors of institutional re-organization, security patrol, and law enforcement as the driving factors for KNP civil-military based management model.
Keywords: Kutai National Park, Eastern Borneo, Civil–Military Based Model

- by Sri Mariati
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- Sustainable, Protected areas
- by Mazilu Mirela
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- Sustainable, Tourism, Natural Environment

To study possible biocontrol agents against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on potato plants in Hamadan, Iran, a sampling of sclerotia was conducted in potato fields, and after culturing one of these sclerotia on potato dextrose agar, a coelomycetous fungus was observed. After fulfilment of Koch’s postulates and assessment of morphological characteristics, this fungus was identified as Coniothyrium minitans. This is reported for the first time in Iran.

- by Ali Toor
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- Technology, Plant Biology, Sustainable, Potato
- by Gerald Torres
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- Sustainable, Front end

Scarcity of water is a severe environmental constraint to plant productivity. Drought-induced loss in crop yield probably exceeds losses from all other causes, since both the severity and duration of the stress are critical. Here, we have reviewed the effects of drought stress on the growth, phenology, water and nutrient relations, photosynthesis, assimilate partitioning, and respiration in plants. This article also describes the mechanism of drought resistance in plants on a morphological, physiological and molecular basis. Various management strategies have been proposed to cope with drought stress. Drought stress reduces leaf size, stem extension and root proliferation, disturbs plant water relations and reduces water-use efficiency. Plants display a variety of physiological and biochemical responses at cellular and whole-organism levels towards prevailing drought stress, thus making it a complex phenomenon. CO2 assimilation by leaves is reduced mainly by stomatal closure, membrane damage and disturbed activity of various enzymes, especially those of CO2 fixation and adenosine triphosphate synthesis. Enhanced metabolite flux through the photorespiratory pathway increases the oxidative load on the tissues as both processes generate reactive oxygen species. Injury caused by reactive oxygen species to biological macromolecules under drought stress is among the major deterrents to growth. Plants display a range of mechanisms to withstand drought stress. The major mechanisms include curtailed water loss by increased diffusive resistance, enhanced water uptake with prolific and deep root systems and its efficient use, and smaller and succulent leaves to reduce the transpirational loss. Among the nutrients, potassium ions help in osmotic adjustment; silicon increases root endodermal silicification and improves the cell water balance. Low-molecular-weight osmolytes, including glycinebetaine, proline and other amino acids, organic acids, and polyols, are crucial to sustain cellular functions under drought. Plant growth substances such as salicylic acid, auxins, gibberrellins, cytokinin and abscisic acid modulate the plant responses towards drought. Polyamines, citrulline and several enzymes act as antioxidants and reduce the adverse effects of water deficit. At molecular levels several drought-responsive genes and transcription factors have been identified, such as the dehydration-responsive element-binding gene, aquaporin, late embryogenesis abundant proteins and dehydrins. Plant drought tolerance can be managed by adopting strategies such as mass screening and breeding, marker-assisted selection and exogenous application of hormones and osmoprotectants to seed or growing plants, as well as engineering for drought resistance.

- by Muhammad Wahid
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- Sustainable agriculture, Sustainable, Drought Stress, Environmental Sciences
- by Annchristine Falck and +1
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- Assessment, Sustainable, Industrial Ergonomics, Public health systems and services research

- by Muhammad Wahid
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- Sustainable agriculture, Sustainable, Drought Stress, Environmental Sciences
- by Brajesh Singh
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- Sustainable, Fossil Fuels, Photovoltaic, Carbon emission

Tourism development must be based on sustainability criteria, be long term bearable economically and ethically and socially equitable for the local populations of the destinations. Tourism forms identified by the literature as being “sustainable” are numerous: ecological tourism (ecotourism), green tourism, soft, rural tourism and agrotourism, community tourism, solidarity and responsible tourism, all these opposing to the traditional, mass tourism. According to some specialists only tourism in natural reservations or national parks is considered to be ecological. A larger concept of ecological tourism refers to that form of responsible travel, developed in natural spaces, that contributes to environment protection and local population life conditions improvement and wellbeing. Equitable tourism is a form of sustainable tourism aiming at applying in the tourism sector the principles of equitable commerce, respecting a series of criteria, that focus on respect of the residents and th...

- by Ion Danut Juganaru
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- Geography, Ecotourism, Life Style, Rural Tourism

In the fiercely competitive globalized tourism industry, where there is growing concern for the development of sustainable tourism, tourism stakeholders are confronted with the challenge of creating innovative product differentiation and effective marketing that will increase yield and promote sustainable tourism development. Food is a fundamental part of the tourist experience. Increasingly, local food is used in tourism as an integral part of the visitor attraction to enrich tourist experiences. Local food acts as a differentiating feature for destinations and can play an important role in increasing visitor yield, stimulating growth in other economic sectors and promoting sustainable occupations. The close relationship between local food and culture enables the promotion of cultural heritage by promoting local food. Thus, linking local food and tourism has the potential to create more sustainable tourism practices and outcomes. This study evaluates the role of local food in touri...

- by Amira Fathimath
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- Marketing, Sustainable, Tourism
- by Adrian Cashman
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- Sustainable, Sustainable Tourism, Benchmarking, Tourism

Olive has been widely grown around the Mediterranean Basin for around 5000 years, where productivity and survival of this long-lived evergreen tree in environments of low and variable rainfall depend on physiological characteristics but also on management. The tree exercises effective control of water loss by transpiration and can also withstand intense internal water deficit that in turn increases extraction of water from soil. Critical aspects of management that maintain, albeit limited, transpiration and metabolic activity during hot dry summer months, are directed at both crop and understorey. Strategic decisions are selection of cultivar, tree density, and canopy size, together with surface management as tilled soil or as cover crop of selected species. Tactical adjustments are seen in extra pruning of olives and timing of tillage, or of grazing, mowing, or herbicides to restrict growth and water use of the understorey, especially following dry winters and during dry summers. S...

- by David Connor
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- Agronomy, Productivity, Interaction, Sustainable
- by Keith R Criddle
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- Management, Sustainable, Tragedy of the Commons, Fishery Management

- by David Connor
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- Agronomy, Productivity, Interaction, Sustainable

In the advent of oil discovery, the boom of infrastructure development in the country is always phenomenal and if it’s sustainably planned and properly implemented can change the socio-economic fortunes of the country. The case varies for... more

- by Alexander B . Marful
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- Sustainable, Development, Planning, Cities

Little is known about the factors underlying the pro-environmental behaviour of marketing managers. This paper explores the determinants of green marketing practices in the Red Sea hotel sector in Egypt. The research model assesses green marketing practices against the personal and organisational values of the marketing managers, together with a range of organisational and demographic variables expected to influence hotels' environmental behaviour. From a valid sample of 89 marketing managers responsible for 194 hotels, it was found that organisational contextual variables, and in particular targeting Western tourists, being affiliated to an international hotel chain and the marketers' own demographics, including age, academic subject studied and gender, were the best predictors of more proactive green marketing. Personal environmental values did not explain the pro-environmental behaviour of marketers, and the organisational environmental values that had explained part of their ethical behaviour had resulted from voluntarism rather than utilitarian or conformance-based values. Government policies also appeared to be ineffective determinants. The implications for green marketing practices are also discussed.

- by Mohammed El Dief
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- Sustainable, Sustainable Tourism, Tourism, Red Sea
- by Sylvia Lorek
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- Ethics, Energy Policy, Regulation, Sustainable

A research was undertaken to investigate sustainable utilisation of a wetland in Mwaonazvawo Village in Mutasa District of Manicaland Province. A questionnaire survey triangulated with interviews, field observations and measurements were used to collect data. The average land area per farmer was 352,9 m 2 and most farmers grew vegetables, citrus fruits, tubers, sugar cane and bananas and also reared cattle and fish to supplement their diets. Soil and moisture conservation practices identified included mulching; crop rotation and storm drain construction. These conservation practices and site-specific pressure state response indicators should be developed for monitoring sustainable wetland utilisation.

- by Ezekia Svotwa
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- Sustainable
- by Richard Boele
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- Sociology, Corporate Social Responsibility, Sustainable Development, Sustainable
- by Jan Hearthstone
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- Sustainable, Environmental Sustainability, Donella Meadows, ModelEarth
- by helen la trobe
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- Sustainable, Sustainable Tourism, Tourism

The education system is witnessing a change from traditional talk and chalk method to newly invented concepts and culture. There are forces which shape the educational innovation; competition and options necessarily leading to innovations in the education system. This paper tries to outline the different types of innovations that could be made to education sector to make it more competitive and the challenges or hurdles that exist restrict to innovations. To make the education system a sustainable entity it needs to focus on areas which can add value to society. Innovat ion in the educational field represents the ideas changing the traditional culture into new and creative ones. This step has been taken in order to offer a large platform for academic and expert's discussions to create knowledge and exchange of ideas.

- by Rajshree Srivastava
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- Education, Distance Education, Sustainable, Competition
- by Glen Bramley
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- Sustainable Development, Sustainable, Multidisciplinary
- by Keat-Teong Lee
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- Engineering, Biodiesel, Sustainable, Biofuel
- by Akhil Dileep
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- Conservation, Fisheries, Sustainable, Biodiversity

Day by day the quality of drinking water is deteriorating. Hence it is a need of the time to supply clean and safe drinking water to the public. Sand filtration is one of the techniques used for to obtain the clean water. According to the World Health Organization, water and sanitation are the primary drivers of public health. The main objective of this research work is to improve the filtration technologies to make them more sustainable and accessible for the public. This study focused on developing improved modified operating methods for rapid sand filtration technology. In this an attempt is made one modified rapid sand filter and compare with conventional rapid sand filter. The main objective to increase the overall efficiency of conventional rapid sand filters by some modification. For construction of modified filter PVC granules are used as capping material as well as ferric chloride also used. Both the material help to achieve the lower turbidity and total dissolved solid concentration.

- by J4R - Journal for Research
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- Construction, Sustainable, Technologies, Modified
- by Keat-Teong Lee
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- Engineering, Technology, Renewable Energy, Production

- by muhammad farooq
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- Sustainable agriculture, Sustainable, Drought Stress, Environmental Sciences

This paper is related to a project I have made during the erasmus studying in İzmir Ekonomi Üniversitesi, for the lecture in Sustainable Energy Development.
It explains what Fossil Fuels means; it classifies Fossil Fuels on the earth, and makes a comparisons among countries; it identifies the Fossil Fuels Life Cycle, and it compares the countries consumption of Fossil Fuels.

- by Andrea Sica
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- Renewable Energy, Energy, Sustainable, Environmental Sustainability
- by Nelson Perera
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- Management, Sustainable, Role, Supply