Junkers Ju 52 (original) (raw)
يونكرز جو 52/ 3أم (الملقبة تانتي جو ( "العمة جو") وآني الحديدية) طائرات النقل الألمانية المصنعة في الفترة بين 1931-1952، صممت في البداية مع محرك واحد ولكن أُنتجت في وقت لاحق بثلاثة محركات. كانت تخدم في الفروع المدنية والعسكرية خلال الثلاثينات والأربعينات. عملت مع أكثر من 12 شركة طيران كطائرة مدنية ومنا سويسرا للطيران والخطوط الجوية الألمانية هانزا كطائرة ركاب وشحن. عملت في سلاح الجو الألماني لوفتفافه كطائرة عسكرية للنقل وقاذفة متوسطة لفترة وجيزة. استمرت يو 52 في الخدمة بعد الحرب مع الأساطيل الجوية العسكرية والمدنية فلفترة طويلة في الثمانينات. استمر استخدام الطائرة إلى ما بعد هذا التاريخ لأغراض مثل مشاهدة معالم المدينة.
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| dbo:abstract | يونكرز جو 52/ 3أم (الملقبة تانتي جو ( "العمة جو") وآني الحديدية) طائرات النقل الألمانية المصنعة في الفترة بين 1931-1952، صممت في البداية مع محرك واحد ولكن أُنتجت في وقت لاحق بثلاثة محركات. كانت تخدم في الفروع المدنية والعسكرية خلال الثلاثينات والأربعينات. عملت مع أكثر من 12 شركة طيران كطائرة مدنية ومنا سويسرا للطيران والخطوط الجوية الألمانية هانزا كطائرة ركاب وشحن. عملت في سلاح الجو الألماني لوفتفافه كطائرة عسكرية للنقل وقاذفة متوسطة لفترة وجيزة. استمرت يو 52 في الخدمة بعد الحرب مع الأساطيل الجوية العسكرية والمدنية فلفترة طويلة في الثمانينات. استمر استخدام الطائرة إلى ما بعد هذا التاريخ لأغراض مثل مشاهدة معالم المدينة. (ar) El Junkers Ju 52 és l'exponent d'un excel·lent i polivalent avió que, encara que va néixer com a transport, ha estat emprat com a avió de passatgers, bombarder mitjà o transport postal. Va ser construït com a desenvolupament del W33, va entrar en servei per la Luftwaffe i va ser el primer avió que van rebre les forces revoltades a la Guerra Civil espanyola. Utilitzant-lo per realitzar el primer pont aeri de la història al transportar 2.500 homes de l'Àfrica fins a Espanya en dos dies, quan la seva capacitat era de 32 places. Conegut pels alemanys com “Auntie Ju” (Tieta Ju), i pels anglesos com a “Iron Annie” (Anna de ferro), va començar a prestar servei en la Luftwaffe durant els anys 1930 i 1941. El feien servir com a transport de tropes, i com a bombarder mitjà, va servir com a transport de passatgers i postal a companyies tan importants com Lufthansa, Swiss Air i Iberia. Un cop acabada la Segona Guerra Mundial va desaparèixer de seguida perquè els seus recanvis eren difícils de trobar i hi havien molts transports militars estatunidencs llestos per ser usats. (ca) Junkers Ju 52/3m (přezdívaný často Tante Ju – Teta Ju) bylo třímotorové dopravní letadlo vyráběné v letech 1932–1945 německou firmou Junkers. (cs) Die Junkers Ju 52 (Spitzname: „Tante Ju“) ist ein dreimotoriges Verkehrs- und Transportflugzeug des deutschen Herstellers Junkers Flugzeugwerk AG in Dessau. Das heute als Ju 52 bekannte Flugzeug ist die dreimotorige Ausführung Junkers Ju 52/3m aus dem Jahr 1932, die aus dem einmotorigen Modell Ju 52/1m hervorging. (de) Το Junkers Ju 52 είναι αεροσκάφος της Γερμανικής βιομηχανίας Junkers στο Ντεσάου. Κατασκευάστηκε από το 1931 μέχρι το 1945 (όταν καταστράφηκαν οι εγκαταστάσεις παραγωγής του). Η χωρητικότητα του είναι 15 επιβάτες (+2). Κατά τον Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο τα περισσότερα αεροσκάφη κατασχέθηκαν για στρατιωτική χρήση, ενώ η παραγωγή συνεχίστηκε επίσης για στρατιωτική χρήση. Με 186 αεροσκάφη αποτελούσε τα 2/3 του στόλου της Lufthansa στην εποχή του '30. Άλλοι σημαντικοί πελάτες ήταν η και διάφορες εταιρίες της Λατινικής Αμερικής. Το πιο ισχυρό DC-3 της αντικατέστησε τα JU 52. (el) La Junkers Ju 52 (karesnomo: onklo Ju) estas aviadila tipo de la germana aviadilprodukta firmao Junkers. La hodiaŭ kiel Ju 52 konata aviadilo estas la trimotora versio de Junkers Ju 52/3m el jaro 1932, kiu estis pluevoluigita el la unumotora modelo Ju 52/1m. La Junkers Ju 52 estis originale evoluigita kiel unumotora ŝarĝ-transporta aviadilo, oni decidis en 1931 por konstruado de la trimotora versio. La junkers ricevis mendon en 1933 je 450 bombaviadiloj. La ju 52/3m servis ankaŭ kiel transporta aviadilo en la civila merkato kaj en la armeo. Oni produktis el ĝi ĉ. 4.800 ekzempelrojn ĝis fino de la dua mondmilito. la civila versio popularis dismonde, konkuris kun Douglas-avidiloj el Usono. Germanio vendis kelkajn ekzempelerojn printempe de 1941 eĉ al la Sovetunio. (eo) Ju 52 (Tante Ju - "izeko Ju" - eta "Burdinezko Annie" ezizenez ere ezaguna) zama-hegazkin alemaniarra izan zen, 1932 eta 1945 artean ekoiztua. 1930 eta 1940ko hamarkadetan erabilera zibila zein militarra izan zituen. Bere eginkizun zibiletan, 12 konpainiek erabili zuten tartean eta Lufthansa. Bere eginkizun militarretan, Luftwaffek erabili zuen bai gudaroste eta zama garraiatzeko bai bonbardatzeko. Ju 52 hegazkinek bere erabilera zibil eta militarrak jarraitu zituzten 1980ko hamarkadara arte. (eu) El Junkers Ju 52 (apodado Tante Ju (Tía Ju)) fue un avión de transporte alemán utilizado ocasionalmente como bombardero (en la Guerra Civil Española); era un monoplano de ala baja con tren de aterrizaje fijo y revestimiento metálico, descendiente del Junkers F 13. A pesar de sus rasgos arcaicos, con tren de aterrizaje fijo, líneas angulosas y revestimiento corrugado, el Ju 52 no solo estuvo presente en todas las operaciones bélicas alemanas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, sino que también participó en algunas de las denominadas "guerras de posguerra". Fue asimismo uno de los aviones preferidos de Adolf Hitler, quien utilizó uno de estos modelos para su uso personal, y que se convirtió no solo en su modelo favorito, sino en el más famoso avión representativo del transporte de la Alemania Nazi de preguerra. Hitler usó una versión civil, matrícula D-2600, en color plateado para hacer sus recorridos durante el periodo de preguerra. (es) The Junkers Ju 52/3m (nicknamed Tante Ju ("Aunt Ju") and Iron Annie) is a transport aircraft that was designed and manufactured by German aviation company Junkers. Development of the Ju 52 commenced during 1930, headed by German aeronautical engineer Ernst Zindel. The aircraft's design incorporated a corrugated duralumin metal skin as a strengthening measure, which was very unusual at the time. The Ju 52's maiden flight was performed on 13 October 1930. It was initially designed with a single engine, however, it was produced in quantity as a trimotor. The primary early production model, the Ju 52/3m, was principally operated as a 17-seat airliner or utility transport aircraft by various civil operators during the 1930s. Following the rise of Nazi Germany, thousands of Ju 52s were procured as a staple military transport of the nation. The Ju 52/3mg7e was the principal production model. The Ju 52 was in production between 1931 and 1952. In a civilian role, it flew with over 12 airlines, including Swissair and Deutsche Luft Hansa, as both a passenger carrier and a freight hauler. In a military role, large numbers flew with the Luftwaffe, being deployed on virtually all fronts of the Second World War as a troop and cargo transport; it was also briefly used as a medium bomber. Additionally, the type was deployed by other nation's militaries in conflicts such as the Spanish Civil War, the Chaco War, and the Portuguese Colonial War. During the postwar era, the Ju 52 had a lengthy service life with numerous military and civilian operators; large numbers were still in use by the 1980s. Even in the 21st century, several aircraft have remained operational, typically used for purposes such as heritage aviation displays and aerial sightseeing. (en) Le Junkers Ju 52 (surnommé Tante Ju en allemand, Iron Annie par les Anglais) était un avion de transport en tôle ondulée fabriqué par la firme allemande Junkers à partir des années 1930. Construit à plus de 4 845 exemplaires entre 1931 et 1952, il a été utilisé par de nombreuses compagnies aériennes (douze compagnies), mais aussi comme avion de transport militaire et bombardier pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. (fr) Junkers Ju 52 adalah pesawat angkut yang dirancang dan diproduksi oleh perusahaan penerbangan Jerman, Junkers. Pengembangan Ju 52 dimulai pada tahun 1930, dipimpin oleh insinyur penerbangan Jerman Ernst Zindel. Desain pesawat menggabungkan kulit logam duralumin bergelombang sebagai ukuran penguatan, yang sangat tidak biasa pada saat itu. Penerbangan perdana Ju 52 dilakukan pada tanggal 13 Oktober 1930. Awalnya dirancang dengan satu mesin, namun diproduksi dalam jumlah banyak sebagai trimotor. Model produksi awal utama, Ju 52/3m, pada prinsipnya dioperasikan sebagai pesawat 17 kursi atau pesawat angkut utilitas oleh berbagai operator sipil selama tahun 1930-an. Menyusul kebangkitan Nazi Jerman, ribuan Ju 52 dibeli sebagai transportasi militer utama negara. Ju 52/3mg7e adalah model produksi utama. (in) Lo Junkers Ju 52/3m era un trimotore da trasporto e passeggeri, prodotto dall'azienda tedesca Junkers dall'inizio degli anni trenta ed utilizzato prima come velivolo civile, successivamente come trasporto e bombardiere medio, principalmente dalla Luftwaffe. (it) 융커스 Ju 52(독일어: Junkers Ju 52)는 1931년부터 1952년까지 만들어진 독일의 화물 항공기이다. 민수용과 군수용 둘 다 사용되었으며 제2차 세계 대전 당시에는 루프트바페가 군사 수송기, 로 운용했다. (ko) Ju 52（独：Ju 52, ユー 52）は、ドイツのユンカース社が開発した航空機である。 (ja) Junkers Ju 52 – niemiecki średni samolot pasażerski i transportowy skonstruowany w wytwórni Junkers w latach 30. XX wieku. Stanowił podstawowy samolot transportowy armii niemieckiej w okresie II wojny światowej. Używany w służbie cywilnej i wojskowej przez liczne kraje, produkowany po wojnie także we Francji i Hiszpanii. (pl) De Junkers Ju-52/3m is een vliegtuig gebouwd door de Duitse firma Junkers. Het is ook wel bekend onder de koosnaam "Tante Ju". Het toestel dat tegenwoordig Junkers Ju-52 wordt genoemd, is de driemotorige Junkers Ju 52/3m, die uit de eenmotorige werd ontwikkeld. Net als eerdere toestellen van Junkers heeft de Junkers Ju-52/3m een metalen frame dat is bekleed met golfplaat. De hoofdontwerper was . Het toestel werd ontwikkeld als een verkeersvliegtuig dat eenvoudig omgebouwd kon worden tot bommenwerper. Zulks in opdracht van de Reichswehr, die destijds in het geheim werkte aan de opbouw van een Duitse luchtmacht. Het maakte in maart 1932 zijn eerste vlucht. Als passagiers- en transporttoestel deed het type dienst bij verschillende luchtvaartmaatschappijen in binnen- en buitenland. De Junkers Ju 52/3m stond bekend als betrouwbaar en comfortabel, maar ondervond al snel grote concurrentie van de Douglas DC-2 en DC-3. Tijdens de Spaanse Burgeroorlog werd het type voor het eerst ook militair ingezet. Op 14 augustus 1936 vloog het de eerste bombardementsmissie en het toestel was onder andere betrokken bij het Bombardement op Guernica. Het vloog echter relatief langzaam en was daardoor een gemakkelijke prooi voor gevechtsvliegtuigen. Tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog was de Ju 52/3m het standaard transporttoestel van de Luftwaffe. Het werd op grote schaal ingezet bij verschillende luchtlandingsoperaties aan het begin van de oorlog. Bij de invasie van Nederland en België in mei 1940 werden ruim 400 toestellen ingezet voor het invliegen van luchtlandingstroepen. Hierbij gingen meer dan tweehonderd stuks verloren. In Frankrijk werd de Junkers 52/3m tijdens de oorlog gebouwd door . Na de oorlog werd de productie nog tot in 1947 voortgezet onder de benaming Amiot AAC-1 Toucan. Het toestel werd tevens door het Spaanse Construcciones Aeronáuticas (CASA) in licentie gebouwd, als CASA 352. Tussen 1946 en 1949 heeft in Nederland een drietal exemplaren afkomstig uit de Geallieerde oorlogsbuit ingeschreven gestaan ten dienste van de Rijksluchtvaartschool. Het ging daarbij om de PH-UBA ("Opa"), PH-UBB ("Oome Keesje") en de PH-UBC ("Oma"). (nl) Junkers Ju 52 é uma aeronave de fabricação alemã, com três motores radiais e capacidade para 17 passageiros, produzida entre 1932 e 1945, pela empresa Junkers. Também é conhecida como Tante Ju (Tia Ju) ou Auntie Ju. Foi apelidado pelas tropas aliadas durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, como Iron Annie. Mais de 4.000 unidades foram produzidas, para uso civil e militar. É um dos modelos mais bem sucedidos na história da aviação européia. (pt) Junkers Ju 52/3m, Tante Ju, är ett lågvingat tremotorigt monoflygplan tillverkat helt av korrugerad duraluminium. Suffixet "3m" står för tre motorer. "Tante Ju" var smeknamnet på typen Lufthansas piloter emellan. (sv) Юнкерс Ю 52/3м (нем. Junkers Ju 52/3m, 3m в обозначении означает drei Motoren с нем. — «трёхмоторный») — немецкий пассажирский и военно-транспортный самолёт, а также бомбардировщик.Производился компанией Junkers с 1932 по 1945 год. Самолёт получил неофициальные прозвища: «Tante Ju» — «Тётушка Ю» и «Железная Анни», во время гражданской войны в Испании — «Pava» («Индюшка»). (ru) Ju 52運輸機（Junkers Ju 52），為德國容克斯公司在1932年至1945年間生產的一款運輸機。由於它的外殼十分堅硬，因此它亦有「容克老姑媽」（德語：Tante Ju；或称容克大婶、容克大妈）、「鋼鐵安妮」等稱號。除了運輸之用途外，它在西班牙內战及第二次世界大戰期間更擔任轟炸的任務；而且，它亦於瑞士航空及漢莎航空等航空公司提供民航服務。 原本該機原型機採用單引擎設計。然而，由於這種設計並不符合當時航空法規之安全要求。於是，容克斯公司便修改設計，於兩翼上各加裝一具引擎，即成為了今天所熟悉的三引擎Ju-52（Ju 52/3m）。 (zh) Ю́нкерс Ю-52 (нім. Junkers Ju.52/3m) — німецький військово-транспортний, пасажирський літак та бомбардувальник. «3m» в позначенні означає нім. drei Motoren — тримоторний. Літак мав неофіційні прізвиська: під час громадянської війни в Іспанії — «Pava» («Індичка»), серед солдат Вермахту — «Tante Ju» — «Тіточка Ю» і «Залізна Анні». (uk) |
| dbo:manufacturer | dbr:Junkers |
| dbo:numberBuilt | 4845 (xsd:nonNegativeInteger) |
| dbo:productionEndYear | 1945-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:productionStartYear | 1931-01-01 (xsd:gYear) |
| dbo:thumbnail | wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Ju-Air_Junkers_Ju-52_in_flight_over_Austria.jpg?width=300 |
| dbo:type | dbr:Medium_bomber |
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| dbp:bombs | up to of bombs (en) |
| dbp:capacity | 17 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:ceilingFt | 19360 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:climbRateMs | 3.900000 (xsd:double) |
| dbp:crew | Two (en) |
| dbp:cruiseSpeedKmh | 246 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:cruiseSpeedNote | maximum continuous at ::: economical cruise (en) |
| dbp:date | 2016-03-23 (xsd:date) 2016-11-23 (xsd:date) |
| dbp:designer | Ernst Zindel (en) |
| dbp:emptyWeightLb | 12610 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:eng1Hp | 725 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:eng1Name | dbr:BMW_132A-3 |
| dbp:eng1Note | for take-off (en) |
| dbp:eng1Number | 3 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:eng1Type | 9 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:firstFlight | 0001-10-13 (xsd:gMonthDay) |
| dbp:grossWeightLb | 20944 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:guns | * 1 × MG 15 machine gun or MG 131 machine gun in a dorsal position * 1 × MG 15 machine gun in a semi-retractable dustbin turret (en) |
| dbp:heightFt | 18.200000 (xsd:double) |
| dbp:lengthFt | 62 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:lists | * List of aircraft of World War II (en) |
| dbp:manufacturer | dbr:Junkers |
| dbp:maxSpeedKmh | 265.500000 (xsd:double) |
| dbp:maxSpeedNote | at sea level ::: at (en) |
| dbp:maxTakeoffWeightLb | 23146 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:moreUsers | dbr:Spanish_Air_Force dbr:Luft_Hansa |
| dbp:numberBuilt | 4845 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:power/mass | 7.950000 (xsd:double) |
| dbp:primaryUser | dbr:Luftwaffe |
| dbp:primeUnits?_ | met (en) |
| dbp:produced | 1931 (xsd:integer) 1945 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:propBladeNumber | 2 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:propName | variable-pitch propeller (en) |
| dbp:rangeKm | 998 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:ref | The Warplanes of the Third Reich, Aircraft Profile No. 177: The Junkers Ju 52 Series (en) |
| dbp:related | * Junkers Ju 252 * Junkers Ju 352 (en) |
| dbp:similarAircraft | * Douglas DC-3/C-47 * Fokker F.VII * Ford Trimotor * Savoia-Marchetti SM.81 * Stout 3-AT (en) |
| dbp:spanFt | 96 (xsd:integer) |
| dbp:status | In limited use (en) |
| dbp:timeToAltitude | 1050.0 |
| dbp:type | Transport aircraft, medium bomber, airliner (en) |
| dbp:url | https://web.archive.org/web/20161123153734/http:/www.afhso.af.mil/shared/media/document/AFD-101105-006.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20160323031006/http:/luftfartsmuseum.no/fly/junkers-ju-523m-2/ |
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| dbp:wingAreaSqft | 1189.400000 (xsd:double) |
| dbp:wingLoadingKg/m | 83.350000 (xsd:double) |
| dcterms:subject | dbc:Junkers_aircraft dbc:1930s_German_military_transport_aircraft dbc:1930s_German_airliners dbc:Low-wing_aircraft dbc:Trimotors dbc:Aircraft_first_flown_in_1930 dbc:World_War_II_aircraft_of_Finland dbc:World_War_II_transport_aircraft_of_Germany |
| gold:hypernym | dbr:Aircraft |
| rdf:type | owl:Thing schema:Product dbo:MeanOfTransportation wikidata:Q11436 yago:Aircraft102686568 yago:Airliner102690373 yago:Airplane102691156 yago:Artifact100021939 yago:Conveyance103100490 yago:Craft103125870 yago:Heavier-than-airCraft103510583 yago:Instrumentality103575240 yago:Object100002684 yago:PhysicalEntity100001930 dbo:Aircraft yago:Vehicle104524313 yago:Whole100003553 yago:WikicatAirliners umbel-rc:Model_airplane umbel-rc:TransportationDevice_Vehicle |
| rdfs:comment | يونكرز جو 52/ 3أم (الملقبة تانتي جو ( "العمة جو") وآني الحديدية) طائرات النقل الألمانية المصنعة في الفترة بين 1931-1952، صممت في البداية مع محرك واحد ولكن أُنتجت في وقت لاحق بثلاثة محركات. كانت تخدم في الفروع المدنية والعسكرية خلال الثلاثينات والأربعينات. عملت مع أكثر من 12 شركة طيران كطائرة مدنية ومنا سويسرا للطيران والخطوط الجوية الألمانية هانزا كطائرة ركاب وشحن. عملت في سلاح الجو الألماني لوفتفافه كطائرة عسكرية للنقل وقاذفة متوسطة لفترة وجيزة. استمرت يو 52 في الخدمة بعد الحرب مع الأساطيل الجوية العسكرية والمدنية فلفترة طويلة في الثمانينات. استمر استخدام الطائرة إلى ما بعد هذا التاريخ لأغراض مثل مشاهدة معالم المدينة. (ar) Junkers Ju 52/3m (přezdívaný často Tante Ju – Teta Ju) bylo třímotorové dopravní letadlo vyráběné v letech 1932–1945 německou firmou Junkers. (cs) Die Junkers Ju 52 (Spitzname: „Tante Ju“) ist ein dreimotoriges Verkehrs- und Transportflugzeug des deutschen Herstellers Junkers Flugzeugwerk AG in Dessau. Das heute als Ju 52 bekannte Flugzeug ist die dreimotorige Ausführung Junkers Ju 52/3m aus dem Jahr 1932, die aus dem einmotorigen Modell Ju 52/1m hervorging. (de) Το Junkers Ju 52 είναι αεροσκάφος της Γερμανικής βιομηχανίας Junkers στο Ντεσάου. Κατασκευάστηκε από το 1931 μέχρι το 1945 (όταν καταστράφηκαν οι εγκαταστάσεις παραγωγής του). Η χωρητικότητα του είναι 15 επιβάτες (+2). Κατά τον Δεύτερο Παγκόσμιο Πόλεμο τα περισσότερα αεροσκάφη κατασχέθηκαν για στρατιωτική χρήση, ενώ η παραγωγή συνεχίστηκε επίσης για στρατιωτική χρήση. Με 186 αεροσκάφη αποτελούσε τα 2/3 του στόλου της Lufthansa στην εποχή του '30. Άλλοι σημαντικοί πελάτες ήταν η και διάφορες εταιρίες της Λατινικής Αμερικής. Το πιο ισχυρό DC-3 της αντικατέστησε τα JU 52. (el) Ju 52 (Tante Ju - "izeko Ju" - eta "Burdinezko Annie" ezizenez ere ezaguna) zama-hegazkin alemaniarra izan zen, 1932 eta 1945 artean ekoiztua. 1930 eta 1940ko hamarkadetan erabilera zibila zein militarra izan zituen. Bere eginkizun zibiletan, 12 konpainiek erabili zuten tartean eta Lufthansa. Bere eginkizun militarretan, Luftwaffek erabili zuen bai gudaroste eta zama garraiatzeko bai bonbardatzeko. Ju 52 hegazkinek bere erabilera zibil eta militarrak jarraitu zituzten 1980ko hamarkadara arte. (eu) Le Junkers Ju 52 (surnommé Tante Ju en allemand, Iron Annie par les Anglais) était un avion de transport en tôle ondulée fabriqué par la firme allemande Junkers à partir des années 1930. Construit à plus de 4 845 exemplaires entre 1931 et 1952, il a été utilisé par de nombreuses compagnies aériennes (douze compagnies), mais aussi comme avion de transport militaire et bombardier pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. (fr) Lo Junkers Ju 52/3m era un trimotore da trasporto e passeggeri, prodotto dall'azienda tedesca Junkers dall'inizio degli anni trenta ed utilizzato prima come velivolo civile, successivamente come trasporto e bombardiere medio, principalmente dalla Luftwaffe. (it) 융커스 Ju 52(독일어: Junkers Ju 52)는 1931년부터 1952년까지 만들어진 독일의 화물 항공기이다. 민수용과 군수용 둘 다 사용되었으며 제2차 세계 대전 당시에는 루프트바페가 군사 수송기, 로 운용했다. (ko) Ju 52（独：Ju 52, ユー 52）は、ドイツのユンカース社が開発した航空機である。 (ja) Junkers Ju 52 – niemiecki średni samolot pasażerski i transportowy skonstruowany w wytwórni Junkers w latach 30. XX wieku. Stanowił podstawowy samolot transportowy armii niemieckiej w okresie II wojny światowej. Używany w służbie cywilnej i wojskowej przez liczne kraje, produkowany po wojnie także we Francji i Hiszpanii. (pl) Junkers Ju 52 é uma aeronave de fabricação alemã, com três motores radiais e capacidade para 17 passageiros, produzida entre 1932 e 1945, pela empresa Junkers. Também é conhecida como Tante Ju (Tia Ju) ou Auntie Ju. Foi apelidado pelas tropas aliadas durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial, como Iron Annie. Mais de 4.000 unidades foram produzidas, para uso civil e militar. É um dos modelos mais bem sucedidos na história da aviação européia. (pt) Junkers Ju 52/3m, Tante Ju, är ett lågvingat tremotorigt monoflygplan tillverkat helt av korrugerad duraluminium. Suffixet "3m" står för tre motorer. "Tante Ju" var smeknamnet på typen Lufthansas piloter emellan. (sv) Юнкерс Ю 52/3м (нем. Junkers Ju 52/3m, 3m в обозначении означает drei Motoren с нем. — «трёхмоторный») — немецкий пассажирский и военно-транспортный самолёт, а также бомбардировщик.Производился компанией Junkers с 1932 по 1945 год. Самолёт получил неофициальные прозвища: «Tante Ju» — «Тётушка Ю» и «Железная Анни», во время гражданской войны в Испании — «Pava» («Индюшка»). (ru) Ju 52運輸機（Junkers Ju 52），為德國容克斯公司在1932年至1945年間生產的一款運輸機。由於它的外殼十分堅硬，因此它亦有「容克老姑媽」（德語：Tante Ju；或称容克大婶、容克大妈）、「鋼鐵安妮」等稱號。除了運輸之用途外，它在西班牙內战及第二次世界大戰期間更擔任轟炸的任務；而且，它亦於瑞士航空及漢莎航空等航空公司提供民航服務。 原本該機原型機採用單引擎設計。然而，由於這種設計並不符合當時航空法規之安全要求。於是，容克斯公司便修改設計，於兩翼上各加裝一具引擎，即成為了今天所熟悉的三引擎Ju-52（Ju 52/3m）。 (zh) Ю́нкерс Ю-52 (нім. Junkers Ju.52/3m) — німецький військово-транспортний, пасажирський літак та бомбардувальник. «3m» в позначенні означає нім. drei Motoren — тримоторний. Літак мав неофіційні прізвиська: під час громадянської війни в Іспанії — «Pava» («Індичка»), серед солдат Вермахту — «Tante Ju» — «Тіточка Ю» і «Залізна Анні». (uk) El Junkers Ju 52 és l'exponent d'un excel·lent i polivalent avió que, encara que va néixer com a transport, ha estat emprat com a avió de passatgers, bombarder mitjà o transport postal. Va ser construït com a desenvolupament del W33, va entrar en servei per la Luftwaffe i va ser el primer avió que van rebre les forces revoltades a la Guerra Civil espanyola. Utilitzant-lo per realitzar el primer pont aeri de la història al transportar 2.500 homes de l'Àfrica fins a Espanya en dos dies, quan la seva capacitat era de 32 places. (ca) La Junkers Ju 52 (karesnomo: onklo Ju) estas aviadila tipo de la germana aviadilprodukta firmao Junkers. La hodiaŭ kiel Ju 52 konata aviadilo estas la trimotora versio de Junkers Ju 52/3m el jaro 1932, kiu estis pluevoluigita el la unumotora modelo Ju 52/1m. La Junkers Ju 52 estis originale evoluigita kiel unumotora ŝarĝ-transporta aviadilo, oni decidis en 1931 por konstruado de la trimotora versio. La junkers ricevis mendon en 1933 je 450 bombaviadiloj. (eo) The Junkers Ju 52/3m (nicknamed Tante Ju ("Aunt Ju") and Iron Annie) is a transport aircraft that was designed and manufactured by German aviation company Junkers. Development of the Ju 52 commenced during 1930, headed by German aeronautical engineer Ernst Zindel. The aircraft's design incorporated a corrugated duralumin metal skin as a strengthening measure, which was very unusual at the time. The Ju 52's maiden flight was performed on 13 October 1930. It was initially designed with a single engine, however, it was produced in quantity as a trimotor. The primary early production model, the Ju 52/3m, was principally operated as a 17-seat airliner or utility transport aircraft by various civil operators during the 1930s. Following the rise of Nazi Germany, thousands of Ju 52s were procured (en) El Junkers Ju 52 (apodado Tante Ju (Tía Ju)) fue un avión de transporte alemán utilizado ocasionalmente como bombardero (en la Guerra Civil Española); era un monoplano de ala baja con tren de aterrizaje fijo y revestimiento metálico, descendiente del Junkers F 13. A pesar de sus rasgos arcaicos, con tren de aterrizaje fijo, líneas angulosas y revestimiento corrugado, el Ju 52 no solo estuvo presente en todas las operaciones bélicas alemanas de la Segunda Guerra Mundial, sino que también participó en algunas de las denominadas "guerras de posguerra". (es) Junkers Ju 52 adalah pesawat angkut yang dirancang dan diproduksi oleh perusahaan penerbangan Jerman, Junkers. Pengembangan Ju 52 dimulai pada tahun 1930, dipimpin oleh insinyur penerbangan Jerman Ernst Zindel. Desain pesawat menggabungkan kulit logam duralumin bergelombang sebagai ukuran penguatan, yang sangat tidak biasa pada saat itu. Penerbangan perdana Ju 52 dilakukan pada tanggal 13 Oktober 1930. Awalnya dirancang dengan satu mesin, namun diproduksi dalam jumlah banyak sebagai trimotor. Model produksi awal utama, Ju 52/3m, pada prinsipnya dioperasikan sebagai pesawat 17 kursi atau pesawat angkut utilitas oleh berbagai operator sipil selama tahun 1930-an. Menyusul kebangkitan Nazi Jerman, ribuan Ju 52 dibeli sebagai transportasi militer utama negara. Ju 52/3mg7e adalah model produksi (in) De Junkers Ju-52/3m is een vliegtuig gebouwd door de Duitse firma Junkers. Het is ook wel bekend onder de koosnaam "Tante Ju". Het toestel dat tegenwoordig Junkers Ju-52 wordt genoemd, is de driemotorige Junkers Ju 52/3m, die uit de eenmotorige werd ontwikkeld. Net als eerdere toestellen van Junkers heeft de Junkers Ju-52/3m een metalen frame dat is bekleed met golfplaat. De hoofdontwerper was . (nl) |
| rdfs:label | يونكرز يو 52 (ar) Junkers Ju 52 (ca) Junkers Ju 52 (cs) Junkers Ju 52/3m (de) Junkers Ju 52 (el) Junkers Ju 52 (eo) Junkers Ju 52 (es) Junkers Ju 52 (eu) Junkers Ju 52 (in) Junkers Ju 52 (it) Junkers Ju 52 (en) Junkers Ju 52 (fr) Ju 52 (航空機) (ja) 융커스 Ju 52 (ko) Junkers Ju 52/3m (nl) Junkers Ju 52 (pl) Junkers Ju 52 (pt) Junkers Ju 52 (ru) Junkers Ju 52/3m (sv) Ju 52運輸機 (zh) Junkers Ju 52 (uk) |
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