Antioch Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Resumo O Levante das Estátuas foi uma manifestação popular que aconteceu no ano 387 d.C., em Antioquia, uma província importante do Império Romano, sob o reinado de Teodósio (379-395) e no qual imagens imperiais foram destruídas. Este... more

Resumo O Levante das Estátuas foi uma manifestação popular que aconteceu no ano 387 d.C., em Antioquia, uma província importante do Império Romano, sob o reinado de Teodósio (379-395) e no qual imagens imperiais foram destruídas. Este levante recebeu um destaque significativo na história do Baixo Império. João Crisóstomo, presbítero na sé de Antioquia, nos legou uma vasta documentação sobre o tema. As Homilias sobre as Estátuas é uma fonte rica que nos fornece informações importantes sobre o levante sob um ponto de vista muito particular. No entanto, a historiografia que versa sobre o tema do Levante das Estátuas dispensa ainda pouca atenção a esta fonte em detrimento da fonte legada por Libânio, um retórico pagão. Tendo isto em vista, nosso objetivo é, com o presente artigo, apresentar um balanço historiográfico acerca do Levante das Estátuas e assinalar a importância do testemunho de João Crisóstomo. Palavras-chave: Baixo Império Romano, Levante das Estátuas, João Crisóstomo. Abstract The Riot of The Statues was a conflict that happened in 387 A.D., at Antioch, an important city of the Roman Empire under the reign of Theodosius (379-395). In this conflict, the rioters destroyed the imperial portraits and overthrew imperial statues. This conflict received much attention from different ancient writers. John Chrysostom, a presbyter in Antioch, delivered, traditionally, twenty one homilies on the matter. The Homilies on the Statues are a very important source of information. Nevertheless, Libanius' testimony is more studied than Chrysostom's with regard to the riot. Considering this, our purpose with this paper is present previous scholarship on The Riot of the Statues and also points out the importance of John Chrysostom's testimony with regard to the riot.

Antioch, an ancient city, remained under the rule of many states throughout history, but it came under the domination of the Ottoman Empire in 1516. Even the city has become sanjak in some periods, generally it took its place in the... more

Antioch, an ancient city, remained under the rule of many states throughout history, but it came under the domination of the Ottoman Empire in 1516. Even the city has become sanjak in some periods, generally it took its place in the administrative organisation of Ottoman Empire as Sanjak of Aleppo's district during the 16 th century. Anticoh had 6 sub-districts: Antioch, Suvayda, Kusayr, Altunozu, Jabal Akra ve Shugur. As it is understood from awqaf records; there were five mosque, twenty three masjid, one maqam, one muallimhane (primary shchool), one madrasa, one buk'a and one lodge which had their own waqf in the middle of 16t h century. Also there were one mosque, one school, three lodges and thirteen masjids in village and town of Antoich. In this study, relying on Aleppo's awqaf records of 1550 which is available at the Archive of General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre, waqfs' names, location, officers, annual income and expenses in the city of Antioch and its villages have been studied.

Building on recent research in how preachers in Late Antiquity embraced Graeco-Roman medical knowledge in their understanding of anthropology and studies that apply to an understanding of ritual contemporary research on the senses and... more

Building on recent research in how preachers in Late Antiquity embraced Graeco-Roman medical knowledge in their understanding of anthropology and studies that apply to an understanding of ritual contemporary research on the senses and cognition, the article begins with an outline of how John Chrysostom viewed the mind-soul-body. It next explores the physicality of the rituals involved in Christian initiation in Antioch, touching on the potential insights offered by sensescape theory and research on enclothed cognition. The article then explores the physical implications for mystagogy of medical theory. Finally, it locates mystagogy within the larger programme of psychagogy and the health of the embodied soul. Within the article mystagogy is defined narrowly as the final stage of induction into the Christian mysteries.

In the 460s, Peter the Fuller was the head of one of the Constantinopolitan monasteries, perhaps the monastery at the Church of St Bassa at Chalcedon. Expelled from that monastery, he went to Antioch, where he acceded three times to the... more

In the 460s, Peter the Fuller was the head of one of the Constantinopolitan monasteries, perhaps the monastery at the Church of St Bassa at Chalcedon. Expelled from that monastery, he went to Antioch, where he acceded three times to the office of bishop, however performing the episcopal duties for a period of no more than five years altogether. His first episcopate began probably at the end of 470 or the beginning of 471, and lasted until the spring of 471; the second one from the summer of 475 until the summer/autumn of 476; and the third one from the beginning of 485 until his death. In his public activity, he was known as an ardent adversary of Nestorianism and a liturgical reformer. His lasting legacy became his innovative addition to the Trishagion doxology, which had soon turned into a watchword for the opponents of the Council of Chalcedon. Peter the Fuller himself, however, does not seem to be an explicit adversary of Chalcedon, being more of a moderate opponent ready to accept the compromise as provided by the Henoticon. The second and third episcopates of Peter were impacted by political issues, even though his generally assumed close relations with Zeno of Isauria appear to have been deliberately overstated by Theodore Lector, who was distinctly ill-disposed towards Zeno.

After the death of Alexander III of Macedon, the Seleucid Empire emerged as one of the most powerful Hellenistic kingdoms of Asia. His huge territorial extension and the various peoples who came under their control necessitated the... more

After the death of Alexander III of Macedon, the Seleucid Empire emerged as one of the most powerful Hellenistic kingdoms of Asia. His huge territorial extension and the various peoples who came under their control necessitated the creation of a mighty army that would ensure their control and help protectit from its enemies.

Throughout history, the Seleucid military might demonstrated many times its importance for the maintenance, expansion and defense of the Empire. Rarely the Seleucid army was defeated in a campaign and it happened in front of the almighty... more

Throughout history, the Seleucid military might demonstrated
many times its importance for the maintenance, expansion and defense of the Empire. Rarely the Seleucid army was defeated in a campaign and it happened in front of the almighty Rome. After the defeat at Thermopylae and Magnesia, and following the imminent withdrawal must conquer the Ptolemaic Empire, the new king Antiochus IV Epiphanes held a military parade as never been done before, its real purpose is unknown, but the Seleucids showed the world the power that still had the Empire. Through the stories of several classic sources, we can come closer to this event and what
it could entail.

Sundials in Roman and Byzantine Mosaics (1st – 9th Century AD). A scientific monograph. The sundials on ancient mosaics have not been the subject of scientific studies so far. The author has gathered together in this publication the... more

Sundials in Roman and Byzantine Mosaics (1st – 9th Century AD). A scientific monograph. The sundials on ancient mosaics have not been the subject of scientific studies so far. The author has gathered together in this publication the sundials already known (Torre Anunzaiata, Sarsina, Trier, Saint-Romain-en-Gal, Antioch and Brading; Figs. 1, 2, 4, 5, 7, 9) and those which have not previously been identified. Thanks to the author’s new identifcations, the catalogue has been enlarged by six new sundials (Grand,Tarsus, Antiochia – interpreted by H. Pamir; Figs. 3, 6, 8, and 10. Tayibat al-Imam, Jerusalem and Umm al-Rasas (Sebastis); Figs. 10, 11, 12) and three monumental gnomes-columns with multiple functions that were used as monumental sundials [Madaba (Jerusalem), Umm al-Rasas (Kastron Mefaa) and Rome (Jerusalem); Figs. 13–15]. In addition, recognizing fully John H. Humphrey’s interpretations, the author enriches the catalogue by eight ancient mosaic representations of obelisks in circuses (Lyon, Barcelona, Volubilis, Piazza Armerina - two mosaics, Girona, Carthage and Gafsa; Figs. 16–23). They performed the roles of monumental sundials. In this way, the catalogue includes twenty-three mosaics with the representations of sundials. They come from the Western and Eastern Provinces of the Roman Empire. The first mosaic is dated to the beginning of the 1st century AD and the last dates to the 9th century AD. The author, after a short description of each monument, summarizes the issue discussing the role of sundials in Roman and Byzantine society, their complex signifcance and symbolic dificult linked with the progress of time on which nature and human life are dependent. See Pdf : https://www.academia.edu/22653583/

The notion that there existed a distinction between so-called "Alexandrian" and "Antiochene" exegesis in the ancient church has become a common assumption among theologians. The typical belief is that Alexandria promoted an allegorical... more

The notion that there existed a distinction between so-called "Alexandrian" and "Antiochene" exegesis in the ancient church has become a common assumption among theologians. The typical belief is that Alexandria promoted an allegorical reading of Scripture, whereas Antioch endorsed a literal approach. However, church historians have long since recognized that this distinction is neither wholly accurate nor helpful to understanding ancient Christian hermeneutics. Indeed, neither school of interpretation sanctioned the practice of just one exegetical method. Rather, both Alexandrian and Antiochene theologians were expedient hermeneuts, meaning they utilized whichever exegetical practice (allegory, typology, literal, historical) that would supply them with their desired theology or interpretive conclusion. The difference between Alexandria and Antioch was not exegetical; it was theological. In other words, it was their respective theological paradigms that dictated their exegetical practices, allowing them to utilize whichever hermeneutical method was most expedient for their theological purposes. Ultimately, neither Alexandrian nor Antiochene exegetes possessed a greater respect for the biblical text over the other, nor did they adhere to modern-day historical-grammatical hermeneutics as theologians would like to believe.

The Mosque of Habib-i Neccar in the centre of modern Antakya (Turkey) is said to have been the Church of John the Baptist in ancient times. It contains sarcophagi claimed to belong to one Jewish prophet and three Christian saints. These,... more

The Mosque of Habib-i Neccar in the centre of modern Antakya (Turkey) is said to have been the Church of John the Baptist in ancient times. It contains sarcophagi claimed to belong to one Jewish prophet and three Christian saints. These, relics, no doubt, have connection the the pre-Muslim era. However, their relation to the prophet and the saints is doubtful.

The article offers an analysis of the 10th century Byzantine reconquest’s impact on the two Symeon Stylites monasteries in northern Syria. The two saints share many characteristics besides their common name and their two monasteries were... more

The article offers an analysis of the 10th century Byzantine reconquest’s impact on the two Symeon Stylites monasteries in northern Syria. The two saints share many characteristics besides their common name and their two monasteries were in competition since the end of late antiquity, but Symeon Stylites the Younger monastery located on the Wondrous Mountain, close to Antioch gained an advantage from being in relatively close proximity with the ruling elites sent from Constantinople, where one also notes a renewed interest for the two Syrian saints. In the early 11th century, Symeon Stylite the Younger monastery has become an economically prosperous and intellectually very lively center. It is a place of writing and translations of hagiographic texts. The ancient Life of the saint is either paraphrased or abridged. The authors analyze what is considered worthy to be mentioned in the middle Byzantine short versions of the saint’s Life and the interest of these choices for the historian. A translation of this abridged Life of Symeon Stylite the Younger (BHG 1691c) is proposed by M.‑Ch. Fayant.

These are translated excerpts from my book 'The Byzantines and the Franks in Antioch, Syria and Cilicia'. 2015, Vol. II. Chapter 1, sec. 5. P.41-55, and my article ‘The Vanished Churches of Antioch’ in Panorama Iskysstv, 2017, which deal... more

These are translated excerpts from my book
'The Byzantines and the Franks in Antioch, Syria and Cilicia'. 2015,
Vol. II. Chapter 1, sec. 5. P.41-55,
and my article
‘The Vanished Churches of Antioch’ in Panorama Iskysstv, 2017, which deal with the Patriarchal Cathedral at Antioch.

This article challenges the widely held claim that the church in Antioch as described in Acts 11 consisted of a single community with both Jews and Gentile converts meeting together regularly. After a description of the Jews in Antioch,... more

This article challenges the widely held claim that the church in Antioch as described in Acts 11 consisted of a single community with both Jews and Gentile converts meeting together regularly. After a description of the Jews in Antioch, the study examines the account of Jesus followers in Acts 11:19–26 as well as Paul’s description of his confrontation of Peter at Antioch in Galatians 2:11–14. The significant silence from the text regarding Jewish converts allows for differing views in the secondary literature regarding the makeup and number of believing communities. Ultimately, claims that there was one mixed group worshiping together in Antioch are without base.

This is a new edition (including Spanish translation and commentary) of the 115 hexameters of a astrological poem attributed to Antiochus. In this edition I correct the mistakes I have found in Olivieri’s editio princeps and I propose new... more

This is a new edition (including Spanish translation and commentary) of the 115 hexameters of a astrological poem attributed to Antiochus. In this edition I correct the mistakes I have found in Olivieri’s editio princeps and I propose new textual hypothesis and critical interpretations.

After the Muslim conquest of the Middle East in the seventh century, indigenous Christian populations translated thousands of Christian texts from their ancestral languages (Greek, Syriac, and Coptic) into Arabic. The present contribution... more

After the Muslim conquest of the Middle East in the seventh century, indigenous Christian populations translated thousands of Christian texts from their ancestral languages (Greek, Syriac, and Coptic) into Arabic. The present contribution surveys Arabic translations of Greek (primarily early Byzantine) Christian literature, discusses important translation centers (especially, Palestine and Antioch) and individual translators, and reviews the translated texts by genre, with special attention to biblical texts, hagiography, homiletics, theological and ascetic literature, and liturgy and hymnography. The vast majority of the texts discussed have not been edited or studied, and still await their researchers.

This book deals with the history of political and judicial processes against prominent statesmen and politicians from the time of the Roman Republic : Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Maior and his brother Lucius Cornelius Scipio... more

This book deals with the history of political and judicial processes against prominent statesmen and politicians from the time of the Roman Republic : Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus Maior and his brother Lucius Cornelius Scipio Asiaticus

Статья посвящена двум прославленным византийским храмам Антиохии – кафедральному собору Св. Петра (церкви Кассиана) и воздвигнутой императором Юстинианом I Великим церкви Пресвятой Богородицы. На протяжении веков эти храмы привлекали... more

Статья посвящена двум прославленным византийским храмам Антиохии – кафедральному собору Св. Петра (церкви Кассиана) и воздвигнутой императором Юстинианом I Великим церкви Пресвятой Богородицы. На протяжении веков эти храмы привлекали тысячи паломников и служили украшением одного из ве-личайших центров христианского мира. Оба были до основания разрушены мамлюками при взятии Антиохии в мае 1268 года. Ныне даже их фундаменты остаются скрытыми под застройками современной турецкой Антакьи. На основе разрозненных письменных свидетельств и прежде всего паломнических описаний автор пытается собрать воедино то, что известно об архитектуре и убранстве этих великих храмов Леванта. Подобная «реконструкция» необходима не только для обогащения наших представлений об утраченных святынях средневекового мира, но и для сохранения памяти об уничтоженном христианском наследии Востока.

In this study, a late Roman mosaic from Edessa and some mosaics depicting animals from various parts of Anatolia and Syria will be Examined. The mosaics mentioned in this paper are the animal and Orpheus mosaics from Edessa in Şanlıurfa;... more

In this study, a late Roman mosaic from Edessa and some mosaics depicting animals from various parts of Anatolia and Syria will be Examined. The mosaics mentioned in this paper are the animal and Orpheus mosaics from Edessa in Şanlıurfa; Salkım, Koçlu and Sulumağara mosaics from Zeugma mosaic museum in Gaziantep and the animal chase mosaic in Apamea. Animal struggles, Hexaemeron, Paradise, Peaceable Kingdom, Noah's Ark, the struggle between good and evil and some earthly themes were frequently depicted in mosaics of Anatolia and Syria during the 5th and 6th centuries. The purpose of this study is focusing on the iconographic problems which are seen in these kinds of floor mosaics.

A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais,... more

A navegação consulta e descarregamento dos títulos inseridos nas Bibliotecas Digitais UC Digitalis, UC Pombalina e UC Impactum, pressupõem a aceitação plena e sem reservas dos Termos e Condições de Uso destas Bibliotecas Digitais, disponíveis em https://digitalis.uc.pt/pt-pt/termos. Conforme exposto nos referidos Termos e Condições de Uso, o descarregamento de títulos de acesso restrito requer uma licença válida de autorização devendo o utilizador aceder ao(s) documento(s) a partir de um endereço de IP da instituição detentora da supramencionada licença. Ao utilizador é apenas permitido o descarregamento para uso pessoal, pelo que o emprego do(s) título(s) descarregado(s) para outro fim, designadamente comercial, carece de autorização do respetivo autor ou editor da obra. Na medida em que todas as obras da UC Digitalis se encontram protegidas pelo Código do Direito de Autor e Direitos Conexos e demais legislação aplicável, toda a cópia, parcial ou total, deste documento, nos casos em que é legalmente admitida, deverá conter ou fazer-se acompanhar por este aviso. Uma comunidade em estado de alerta: João Crisóstomo e o apelo aos cristãos de Antioquia no combate aos judaizantes

This article in French deals with the foundation of Antioch and all the activities of this beautifully situated Greek city, capital city of the Romans when they took the power over all the Hellenistic countries. It has been published in... more

This article in French deals with the foundation of Antioch and all the activities of this beautifully situated Greek city, capital city of the Romans when they took the power over all the Hellenistic countries. It has been published in Connaissance Hellénique in October 2009 . This article is part of a series on Seleucos I Nicator. Unfortunately, the series has been interrupted due to other chores and activities to be provided. I hope one day to go back to Seleucos and finish the series.