Regional Planning Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

Sustainable design is a phrase commonly used in the realms of design practice and yet the definition of the same remains quite fuzzy, thus providing the motivation for this research. The paper looks at contemporary sustainable design practices in the area of architecture design, building construction and landscape architecture. The objective is to understand what the term “sustainable design” really means as used in practice and what strategies are being employed towards the goal of sustainable development. The ...

- by Archana Sharma
- •
- Design, Landscape Architecture, Ecological Economics, Environmental Design

Capitale et unique agglomération urbaine d'un des plus riches pays pétroliers, Kuwait City fut la plus moderne des cités du Golfe sur le plan du développement urbain avant que sa dynamique de croissance, née dès la fin de la seconde guerre mondiale, ne soit stoppée par l'invasion des troupes irakiennes, qui dura sept mois, d'août 1990 à février 1991. Il fallut attendre une vingtaine d'années, la chute du pouvoir irakien, puis la disparition de Saddam Hussein, pour voir la confiance revenir, et avec elle la mise en place d'un projet de développement pouvant conduire à des changements importants dans le pays. Sur le plan de l'économie nationale, la volonté affirmée consiste, depuis, à promouvoir la diversification d'une économie presque entièrement dominée par l'exploitation du pétrole, à assurer néanmoins les investissements nécessaires à l'accroissement de la production pétrolière, puis à réaliser un ensemble d'infrastructures nécessaires au développement du pays. Concernant la dynamique urbaine, le projet peut conduire à une profonde réorganisation de l'agglomération. Tandis que le centre ancien est réhabilité, les quartiers modernisés et l'espace bâti étendu, un nouvel ensemble urbain est planifié au nord de la ville actuelle, de l'autre côté de la baie, accompagné d'un port moderne et d'un pont de 16 km de long reliant la future partie de la ville à l'ancienne. Une vaste conurbation pourrait ainsi naître, bien plus puissante que l'agglomération actuelle de Kuwait City, dont il faut comprendre quel rôle elle serait à même de jouer dans le contexte économique et géopolitique de la région aujourd'hui. Afin de répondre à cette interrogation, cet article présente brièvement l'histoire de la croissance et de la planification de Kuwait City, ainsi que la nouvelle dynamique urbaine des années 2000. Une analyse du plan de développement et de ses modalités d'application est ensuite proposée afin de comprendre quels sont les enjeux portés par cet ambitieux projet qui, s'il est conduit à son terme, transformerait radicalement la ville et sa place dans la région,

- by Philippe Cadene
- •
- Urban Planning, Urban Development, Regional Planning

This paper presents the Land Suitability Index (LSI), a transparent, modular hierarchical system of cartographic indices aimed at delivering Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) of developmental land uses for regional planning (European Directive 2001/42/EC). The LSI evaluates land suitability by combining three main sub-indices concerning (i) the vulnerability of the biosphere, lithosphere, and hydrosphere to impacts arising from implementing development proposals; (ii) the natural heritage value of the target area; and (iii) its contribution to terrestrial ecological connectivity. We have used the LSI to evaluate the impact of municipal urban plans in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region (BMR). For this case study, we provide redundancy and sensitivity analyses, and a partial validation using independent studies. Results showed noticeable inconsistencies between the municipal plans and the values of the LSI and its main sub-indices. There was moderate redundancy between sub-indices but considerable sensitivity to changes in input variables. Validation showed a high degree of coincidence with previous, independent, studies as regards connectivity. The quantitative and cartographic approach adopted by the methodology facilitates conveying the results to planners and policy makers. In addition, successive iterations to check the impact related to different alternative planning scenarios can be quickly performed. We therefore propose its application to other metropolitan areas.

- by Joan Pino and +1
- •
- Engineering, Urban Planning, Strategic Environmental Assessment, Regional Planning

Climate change and resource depletion are driving the transition to renewable energy sources. Both the supply of renewables and the demand for energy are influenced by the physical environment and therefore concern spatial planning and landscape design. Envisioning the long-term development of alternative energy landscapes – that is sustainable energy landscapes – present spatial planners and landscape architects with new challenges. The first paper of this two-part series discussed several existing approaches to long-term regional planning and landscape design, and presented an alternative, five-step approach for the composition of integrated visions [Stremke, S., Kann, F. Van & Koh, J. (2012) Integrated Visions (part I): Methodological Framework, European Planning Studies, [20(2), pp. 305–320]. This paper illustrates how the five-step approach was employed to compose a set of integrated visions for the development of sustainable energy landscapes in south of the Netherlands. The p...

- by Arjan Boekel
- •
- Human Geography, Climate Change, Urban And Regional Planning, Alternative Energy

Traditional shark fisheries in Africa are largely poorly documented. Fisheries management plans for fisheries targeting chondrichthyan species are typically based on studies with limited spatial resolution or detail, compromising their efficacy and potentially reducing the effectiveness of national and regional plans. Southwest Madagascar is an area poorly documented with regard to many of its marine resources. This study presents a detailed investigation of the directed shark fisheries of two villages south of Toliara -Soalara and Maromena -presenting a description of the fishery in these villages and catch data for periods of 13 and 10 months, respectively. Results from a total of 1164 catch records, including members of at least 13 species, with an estimated total wet weight of over 123 mt are reported, with hammerhead sharks (Sphyrna spp.) representing 29% of sharks caught and 24% of the total wet weight. There is an active export market for the fins resulting from the fisheries, indicating a considerable social and economic importance in this impoverished region of Madagascar. The fisheries are showing signs of decline, possibly as a result of changing to less selective fishing gear, as a result of the intervention from outside agencies.

- by Ryan Walker
- •
- Fisheries, Ecology, Regional Planning, Fisheries Sciences

Geographically-grounded situational awareness (SA) is critical to crisis management and is essential in many other decision making domains that range from infectious disease monitoring, through regional planning, to political campaigning. Social media are becoming an important information input to support situational assessment (to produce awareness) in all domains. Here, we present a geovisual analytics approach to supporting SA for crisis events using one source of social media, Twitter. Specifically, we focus on leveraging explicit and implicit geographic information for tweets, on developing place-time-theme indexing schemes that support overview+detail methods and that scale analytical capabilities to relatively large tweet volumes, and on providing visual interface methods to enable understanding of place, time, and theme components of evolving situations. Our approach is user-centered, using scenario-based design methods that include formal scenarios to guide design and valid...

- by Scott Pezanowski
- •
- Computer Science, Decision Making, Situation awareness, Political Campaigns

Rainfall-triggered landslides are part of a natural process of hillslope erosion that can result in catastrophic loss of life and extensive property damage in mountainous, densely populated areas. As global population expansion on or near steep hillslopes continues, the human and economic costs associated with landslides will increase. Landslide hazard mitigation strategies generally involve hazard assessment mapping, warning systems, control structures, and regional landslide planning and policy development. To be sustainable , hazard mitigation requires that management of natural resources is closely connected to local economic and social interests. A successful strategy is dependent on a combination of multidisciplinary scientific and engineering approaches , and the political will to take action at the local community to national scale.

In this regard, several opportunities have opened up in the last few years. Calabria belongs to the Regions of Objective 1 of The European Union (regions with development delay), characterised by a PIL value less than 75% of the community average. In order to recuperate the economic and social delay of these areas, the European Union finances development with Structural

ObjectivePrevious studies have shown smaller brain volume and less gray matter in children with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Relatively few morphological studies have examined structures thought to subserve inhibitory control, one of the diagnostic features of ADHD. We examined one such region, the pars opercularis, predicting a thinner cortex of the inferior frontal gyrus (IFG) in children with ADHD.MethodStructural images were obtained from 49 children (24 control; 25 ADHD combined subtype) aged 9 though 15 years. Images were processed using a volumetric pipeline to provide a fully automated estimate of regional volumes of gray and white matter. A further analysis using FreeSurfer provided measures of cortical thickness for each lobe, and for 13 regions in the frontal lobe.ResultsRelative to controls, children with ADHD had smaller whole brain volume and lower gray matter, but not white matter, volumes in all lobes. An analysis of frontal regions showed a significant interaction of group by region. Planned contrasts showed bilateral thinner cortex in the pars opercularis in children with ADHD.ConclusionsChildren with ADHD showed both diffuse and regional gray matter abnormalities. Consistent with its putative role in response inhibition, the cortex of the pars opercularis was thinner in children with ADHD who, as expected, had significantly poorer inhibitory performance on a Go/No-go task. These differences held for both hemispheres raising the possibility that a developmental abnormality of IFG might drive development of inhibition difficulties.

- by Gaia Scerif and +1
- •
- Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Adolescent, Regional Planning

An examination of Dutch local and regional spatial plans adopted in 2005 has shown that water safety is hardly an issue in Dutch local and regional planning practices. In the light of Dutch climate change scenarios, projecting sea level rise, land subsidence in the peat areas and an increase in extremely high river discharges of the largest Dutch river systems this is at the very least striking. In this paper, it was explored why flooding from the sea or rivers is not considered in Dutch spatial planning at the local and regional level. Dutch flood management policy turned out to be mainly focused on flood prevention through the construction and maintenance of water defences. If the water defences meet the legal safety criteria, spatial developments within the dike-ring, the area protected by water defences, are formally legitimate and additional spatial planning measures to mitigate the residual risk are not compulsory. As a result, flood risk issues are hardly considered in spatial planning practices. In the light of this established prevention practices, it was a striking finding that another discourse appeared in spatial planning practices. In this discourse, additional spatial flood mitigation measures in the dike-ring area were considered to reduce the residual flood risk in the dike-ring area. Four factors have been distinguished that lead to this different consideration of flood risks in spatial planning practices: the conceptualisation of flood risks, the felt public concerns, the felt responsibilities and the felt necessity to legitimise spatial developments.

- by Jeroen Neuvel
- •
- Climate Change, Regional Planning, Land Use Planning, Sea level rise

This paper looks at spatial patterns of freight and logistics activities and the planning and policy issues associated with them. Two important characteristics of the geography of the logistics industry are analyzed: (1) "Logistics sprawl," i.e. the spatial deconcentration of logistics facilities and distribution centers in metropolitan areas, and (2) the polarization of logistics activities, i.e. the concentration of logistics activities in very large metropolitan areas. The paper focuses on Atlanta, one of the largest metropolitan areas in the United States (U.S.). Like other very large cities in the U.S., in recent years logistics activities have increased considerably in Atlanta. The paper also examines the Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion (PAM), which has a total population of 15 million and includes Birmingham, Atlanta, Raleigh-Durham and Charlotte. PAM contains many distribution centers with a national and international market area, and is one of the country's fastest growing locations for logistics hubs. The megaregion concept is particularly well-suited to the analysis of freight transport systems, because freight transport's market areas, driven by global supply chains, are largely disconnected from a single city and spatially organized on a regional and multicity basis. Another focus of the paper is the question of planning for a more efficient locational pattern of freight facilities across metropolitan areas and within megaregions. Local governments compete for jobs and activities that generate tax revenues, and logistics has become a significant activity for many U.S. metropolitan areas. The megaregion concept can contribute to a more collaborative regional planning approach. Highlights We show: 1) the patterns of spatial deconcentration of logistics facilities in metro Atlanta, 2) the polarization of warehouses in the Piedmont Atlantic Megaregion, 3) local government perspectives on logistics activities and the lack of a regional approach.

The objective of this paper is to examine the planning issues relating to parking and access around transit nodes. It reviews Perth's current strategy of providing park-and-ride facilities and promoting transit oriented developments. The paper is based on review of planning documents, site visits and interviews with planners from the local council and Public Transit Authority in Perth. Using a case study of suburban railway station in Murdoch, the paper identifies a number of planning challenges such as congestion in park-and-ride facilities, spill-over parking in surrounding neighbourhoods, poor access by walking and cycling, and public safety concerns. The paper discusses ways to improve the situation by prioritising access to transit nodes through various means of transport (walking, cycling, buses) rather than just focussing on provision of more car parking spaces. Other measures include discouraging free park-and-ride facilities, provision of reliable, frequent feeder bus s...

- by Shahed Khan and +1
- •
- Regional Planning, Transit oriented development, Public Safety, Case Study

A regional greenway network is proposed to reconnect ecologically the fragmented landscapes of south Florida. The natural landscapes of the region have been progressively fragmented on account of agricultural and urban development. It is proposed that the regional system of drainage canals and reservoir levees, which was originally developed to facilitate agriculture and urbanization, be ecologically reclaimed and managed to become a network of environmental restoration and cultural opportunity for south Florida. The existing regional system of drainage canals and reservoir levees is restrictively underutilized. In general, the value of utility and transportation corridors as natural and cultural resources has not been fully appreciated in south Florida. Their value as resources lies in the ample opportunity they offer for landscape revegetation, wetland reclamation, habitat restoration, and community education and recreation. In particular, the existing regional system of drainage canals and reservoir levees represents an extensive resource that can naturally and culturally link the fragmented landscapes of south Florida while maintaining flood control and water conservation. A tripartite method, based on the ecological principles of island biogeography theory and landscape network theory, is used to consider the geographical, morphological, and topological impact on natural diversity and cultural use. Respectively, the effects of network corridor area, network corridor width, and network connectivity and circuitry are described, analyzed, and evaluated for their potential effect on natural diversity and cultural use along the existing regional system of drainage canals and reservoir levees. Results indicate that the proposed regional greenway network is characterized by a large area, broad extent, morphological diversity, and topological connectivity. Variation in greenway structure and function along the regional network can accommodate a multitude of environmental concerns and cultural needs faced by the region. The regional greenway network affords ample flexibility, with three types of corridors (line, strip, and stream) within four types of context (urban, suburban, rural, and natural). Recommendations are made to appraise opportunities further at the regional level, conduct ecological corridor research at the landscape scale, and develop a greenway prototype at a specific community site.

- by Juan Antonio Bueno
- •
- Engineering, Geography, Island Biogeography, Urban Development

Geohazards caused by rising groundwater can have a considerable effect on the built environment, especially where this is underlain by former coal mines, such as those found in County Durham, UK. Reactivation of faults and the expulsion of gas are two specific geohazards that are known to occur and be potentially dangerous and threatening to human health. However, little substantive research has been undertaken into these problems to date. This paper will present research undertaken recently to understand the various potential geohazards that can be activated directly by rising groundwater associated with cessation of pumping from deep mine systems. The geohazards considered include landslides, ground subsidence, seismicity, gas emission, impacts on structures, salinisation and health hazards, and these will be examined in the context of the Durham Coalfield. Numerical modelling has allowed a detailed examination of the effect of rising groundwater on a variety of geohazards, and the results from this study will be presented in this paper.

- by Ian Jefferson
- •
- Built Environment, Numerical Modelling, Regional Planning, Coal Mining

O presente artigo trata do planejamento regional e urbano e da gestão do espaço urbano nas cidades pequenas do Território dos Cocais, especificamente um estudo de caso da gestão urbana em Barras, por meio da discussão da regionalização dos Territórios do Desenvolvimento e dos instrumentos de planejamento e gestão urbana, indicando os limites e desafios da gestão urbana em Barras. Para tanto, foram necessários, o entendimento da discussão teórica dos conceitos de planejamento e gestão com enfoque no regional e urbano. Dessa forma, utilizou-se como procedimentos metodológicos a pesquisa bibliográfica, a pesquisa documental e a pesquisa de campo. Além disso, forma realizadas entrevistas aos moradores de cinco bairros da cidade, e a dois ex-gestores do município. Como resultado, observou-se que a cidade de Barras incorpora a dinâmica da expansão urbana desordenada, acarretando uma série de problemas, em que a gestão seja local ou regional não está conseguindo resolver, devido à falta de planejamento regional e urbano adequado.

- by Revista Geotemas and +1
- •
- Geography, Urban management, Urban Planning, Urban And Regional Planning

Development threats to beautiful and productive agricultural areas occur throughout the world. This case study of one such productive valley reveals its agricultural uniqueness to Mexico and the pressures for its industrialization. Landscape and regional planning and environmental impact assessment tools were applied to suggest compatible and sustainable uses. Five environmental units were selected according to a digital model of the terrain and the overlapping of ecological maps, aerial photos and Landsat images. Descriptions included both natural and transformed physical attributes. Cultural and landscape architecture parameters were added to evaluate the aesthetics of each unit. Contrasting six potential land-uses (agriculture, agri-industry, tourism-recreation, urban, range management for cattle, and conservation) generated the capacity for sustained land-use, together with an environmental impact assessment. Economic means for directing land-use toward sustainability are to be developed by the local government. Community organization, local political pressure and the tastes of the national government will dictate its future use. #

- by Alejandro Hinojosa
- •
- Engineering, Cartography, Landscape Architecture, Environmental Management

Fast-growing, coastal mega cities along China's east coast and the rim of the Cross-Straits region, in particular, are becoming increasingly more vulnerable to potential natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, typhoons, storm surges and floods. The provinces of Shanghai, Guangdong, Fujian, and Zhejiang, as well as Taiwan, are threatened by common disasters. Advancing Cross- Straits ties in mitigating the impact

The objective of the research was to analyze the role of young fishermen as a moral power, as social control and simultaneously as moral power, social control, and agent of change in increasing income in Medan Belawan Subdistrict, The research used quantitative method with multiple linear regression analysis and questionnaires in gathering the data. It also used survey method in which the data were gathered from the samples of the whole population, taken by using simple random sampling technique from 6 villages in Medan Belawan Subdistrict. Frank Lynk formula was used to get 96 respondents as the samples. The result of t-test and F-test showed that, simultaneously and partially, there was significant influence of the role young fishermen as moral power, social power, and agent of change in increasing income of 50.3%. Their potency as moral power, social control, and agent of change gives the opportunity for them to increase their income. Their potency as moral power was indicated by their high loyalty, their work efficiency, cooperation, and their having good understanding and knowledge when they sailed on the sea to increase their income. Their potency as social control was indicated by their participation, criticism, maintaining order, supporting and noticing the government's policy which curbs the process of sailing on the sea to increase their income. Their potency as agent of change was indicated by their interest in entrepreneurship, leadership, and creativity to increase their income.

Dukuh Tapak merupakan suatu RW di Kelurahan Tugurejo
yang berlokasi di Utara Kota Semarang. Dukuh ini mengalami
kondisi sebagaimana wilayah pesisir lain di Kota Semarang,
yaitu lahan yang terkena dampak rob dan abrasi. Rob sebagai
suatu siklus alam terjadi secara berkala menggenangi lahan
tambak Dukuh Tapak. Ditambah dengan adanya abrasi yang
mengurangi luasan lahan tambak di Dukuh Tapak. Fenomena ini
menuntut masyarakat Dukuh Tapak untuk menyesuaikan kondisi
lingkungannya untuk mempertahankan keberadaan lahan tambak
mereka. Seperti halnya pengaturan tanggul dengan penggunaan
APO berupa ban bekas hingga penanaman pohon mangrove yang
mereka jadikan sebagai dinding tambak. Di sisi lain, berfungsi
pula sebagai pemecah gelombang pasang yang masuk ke lahan
tambak untuk mengurangi dampak rob dan abrasi. Untuk
mengetahui bentuk-bentuk adaptasi yang dilakukan oleh petani
tambak dalam usahanya mempertahankan eksistensi tambak akibat
rob, penyusun melakukan penelitian ini berdasarkan teori Paul
A. Bell mengenai proses terbentuknya adaptasi. Penelitian ini
menggunakan metode Deskriptif Kualitatif Empiris, dengan
pendekatan Fenomenologi. Hasil yang diperoleh dari analisis
yang telah dilakukan, didapat bentuk adaptasi yang dilakukan
oleh petani tambak Tapak adalah berupa adaptasi fisik,
adaptasi sosial ekonomi, dan adaptasi sumber daya manusia
(SDM).

This paper provides estimates of poverty and inequality across states as also for different subgroups of population for 2004-05 by using the old and new methods of the Planning Commission. The new method is critically evaluated with the help of some existing literature and its limitations discussed with regard to doing away with calorie norm, use of median expenditure as a norm for education when the distribution is positively skewed, difficulty in reproducing results for earlier rounds acting as a constraint on comparisons, and using urban poverty ration of the old method as a starting point to decide a consumption basket. More importantly, it discusses the implications on financial transfers across states if the share of poor is only taken into account without accounting for an increase in the total number of poor. Despite these limitations, on grounds of parsimony and prudence the state-specific poverty lines suggested in the new method, as also in the old method, are used to calculate incidence, depth (intensity) and severity (inequality among poor) estimates of poverty for different subgroups of population, viz., NSS regions, social groups and occupation groups.

- by Srijit Mishra
- •
- Poverty, Rural, Urban Poverty, Social Groups

Over the past several years, there has been resurgent interest in regional planning in North America, Europe and Australasia. Spurred by issues such as metropolitan growth, transportation infrastructure, environmental management and economic development, many states and metropolitan regions are undertaking new planning initiatives. These regional efforts have also raised significant question about governance structures, accountability and measures of effectiveness.

- by Severine Mayere
- •
- Monitoring And Evaluation, Governance, Case Studies, Environmental Management

Recent years have witnessed widespread expansion of state and regional planning programs in the United States. A major purpose of these efforts is to reduce urban sprawl-low density, discontinuous, suburban-style development, often characterized as the result of rapid, unplanned, and/or uncoordinated growthby promoting jurisdictional cooperation and regulatory consistency across metropolitan areas. This paper evaluates the efficacy of this approach by examining the relationship between governmental fragmentation and several measurable outcomes of urban development: density, urbanized land area, property value, and public expenditures on infrastructure. The four dimensions are modeled in a simultaneous equations framework, providing substantive evidence on how fragmentation and other exogenous factors affect metropolitan growth patterns. Fragmentation is associated with lower densities and higher property values, but has no direct effect on public service expenditures; less fragmented metropolitan areas occupy greater amounts of land due to the extensive annexation needed to bring new development under the control of a central municipality. The findings of the analysis lend support to state and regional planning efforts aimed at increasing cooperation among local governments, but also suggest that further research is needed in order to evaluate whether or not they produce their intended effects.

Urbanization in India is not rapid but massive. In order to plan for balanced and integrated development of the district and to control the growth of Nagpur, potential cities and towns should be developed to their optimum capacity. These growth centers should be developed not only to direct some of the population that would otherwise come to Nagpur and jeopardize its planned growth. The paper discusses the various methods like the rank size rule, near neighbor analysis, reed and mulch technique and functional classification of towns in the Nagpur district to study the pattern of growth of urban centers in the Nagpur district.

- by kirti bhonsle and +1
- •
- Regional Planning

Reserve planning Landscape connectivity Resilience Global warming A B S T R A C T Climate change creates new challenges for biodiversity conservation. Species ranges and ecological dynamics are already responding to recent climate shifts, and current reserves will not continue to support all species they were designed to protect. These problems are exacerbated by other global changes. Scholarly articles recommending measures to adapt conservation to climate change have proliferated over the last 22 years. We systematically reviewed this literature to explore what potential solutions it has identified and what consensus and direction it provides to cope with climate change. Several consistent recommendations emerge for action at diverse spatial scales, requiring leadership by diverse actors. Broadly, adaptation requires improved regional institutional coordination, expanded spatial and temporal perspective, incorporation of climate change scenarios into all planning and action, and greater effort to address multiple threats and global change drivers simultaneously in ways that are responsive to and inclusive of human communities. However, in the case of many recommendations the how, by whom, and under what conditions they can be implemented is not specified. We synthesize recommendations with respect to three likely conservation pathways: regional planning; site-scale management; and modification of existing conservation plans. We identify major gaps, including the need for (1) more specific, operational examples of adaptation principles that are consistent with unavoidable uncertainty about the future; (2) a practical adaptation planning process to guide selection and integration of recommendations into existing policies and programs; and (3) greater integration of social science into an endeavor that, although dominated by ecology, increasingly recommends extension beyond reserves and into human-occupied landscapes.

- by Nicole Heller
- •
- Climate Change, Conservation Biology, Conservation, Resilience
- by Jenny Wadsworth
- •
- Regional Planning

Simulation of the land subdivision process is useful in many applied and research areas. Planners use such tools to understand potential impacts of planning regulations prior to their implementation. While the credibility of both land-use change and urban growth models would be enhanced by integrating capabilities to simulate land subdivision, such research is lacking in the published literature. Of the few subdivision tools that exist, most are either not fully-automated or are unable to generate realistic subdivision layouts. This limits their applicability, particularly for high resolution land-use change models. In this paper, we present a fully-automated land subdivision tool that uses vector data and is capable of generating layouts with both lot and street arrangements for land parcels of any shape. When the new streets are generally parallel to each other and lots are of approximately the same size, the simulations output very closely resembles observed subdivision patterns in our southeastern Australia study area. From this, we identify opportunities to improve the subdivision tool for a next version. Future research will also explore how this subdivision tool could be used in conjunction with a land-use change model for urban and regional planning.

- by Marji Puotinen
- •
- Remote Sensing, Spatial Analysis, Computer Aided Design, Environmental modeling

Tekanan ekonomi dialami oleh Daerah Istimewa Yogyakarta. Berbagai sektor mengalami pertumbuhan negatif akibat adanya pandemi ini. Beberapa sektor bahkan mendapat dampak negatif hingga di atas 10%. Berdasarkan permasalahan tersebut, diperlukan adanya suatu strategi untuk meningkatkan perekonomian wilayah DIY ditengah Pandemi Covid-19. Analisis LQ dan Shift Share digunakan untuk melihat sektor yang unggul di provinsi ini. Selain itu, analisis input-output digunakan untuk melihat sektor mana saja yang memiliki keterkaitan yang kuat dengan sektor lain. Setelah itu sektor-sektor tersebut dievaluasi berdasarkan pertumbuhannya selama masa Pandemi. Lalu, perumusan strategi akan dilakukan menggunakan analisis SWOT. Terdapat beberapa strategi yang disusun berdasarkan hasil analisis serta kondisi eksternal yang relevan.

- by Aden Muflih and +2
- •
- Urban And Regional Planning, Regional Economics, Regional Planning

A research effort was undertaken by the Baltimore Metropolitan Council, Maryland, to explore further the relationship between land use and transportation to support regional planning analysis. Particular attention was given to quantifying the role of key land use factors such as density, diversity, and design (3Ds) and regional accessibility in determining rates of vehicle ownership and vehicle miles traveled (VMT). The research was facilitated by a recent regional household travel survey and significant untapped geographic information system (GIS) resources. What began as an effort simply to replicate the approach of an earlier published study that incorporated the 3Ds took an unexpected turn. The result was an entirely new measure, a walk opportunities index, which combines information on the number, character, and desirability of key activities located within walking distance of a household. GIS procedures were used to trace walk paths to each destination by using the street grid and to compute travel times while adjusting for topography and difficult street crossings. By using the gravity model paradigm, each opportunity was then discounted by its travel time and the results summed into a single measure of walk opportunities. When used in combination with measures of entropy, regional accessibility, and socioeconomic characteristics, this new index had important statistical value in regression models of household auto ownership and VMT. The ability of these models to address the travel effects of alternative transportation and land use development plans or policies makes them a potentially powerful tool in regional planning activities.

- by Richard Kuzmyak and +1
- •
- Civil Engineering, Accessibility, Urban And Regional Planning, Regional Planning

This article brings the contemporary thinking and practice of Urban Environmental Management (UEM) to the solution of real problems in a major city of a developing country in Latin America. Such cities both face more immediate problems than the developed world and have fewer resources to deal with them. The study first considers the Latin American context and then reviews issues of poverty alleviation, industry, sewage and sanitation, water, energy, transportation and finance in Lima, Peru. Finally, it proposes a 5-year plan to help solve the urban environmental problems of Metropolitan Lima, an environmentally difficult, but important Latin American metropolitan area located between the Pacific Ocean and a hilly desert, utilizing a real world database and a limited budget.

RESUMEN: A pesar de no haberse producido en 2017 grandes avances normativos ni jurisprudenciales en materia de ruido se constata a nivel europeo la necesidad de priorizar la lucha contra la segunda fuente de contaminación en número de enfermos y muertes en Europa. Estas páginas se centran este año en analizar críticamente el segundo Informe del Consejo sobre la aplicación de la Directiva en materia de ruido ambiental y las conclusiones de la conferencia Noise in Europe. Repasando también la agenda normativa estatal para los próximos meses y los recientes pronunciamientos judiciales sobre ruido. Entre los que destacan la STS 575/2017, de 13 de abril, un nuevo capítulo del largo conflicto por el sobrevuelo de aviones en una urbanización próxima al aeropuerto de Barajas

Το παρόν αποτελεί μία εισαγωγή στο ζήτημα του προτεινόμενου νέου αεροσταθμού στο Καστέλλι Κρήτης, το οποίο πρόκειται να αντικαταστήσει τον υφιστάμενο αερολιμένα Νίκος Καζαντζάκης του Ηρακλείου. Εξετάζονται οι υφιστάμενες συνθήκες αερομεταφορών στο νησί της Κρήτης με έμφαση στο Ηράκλειο, η πρόταση του νέου αερολιμένα, και οι προοπτικές συνδυασμένων μεταφορών για την εξυπηρέτηση της, κυρίως εποχιακής, ζήτησης.

- by Soledad Nogués
- •
- Regional Planning, Polycentrism

State of the art for the investigation of the settlements' extension and their temporal change is either conventional mapping (field work, cadastral maps, topographic and thematic maps) or aerial photo interpretation. As these are very time and cost intensive methods and, additionally, the information need for regional and local information systems increases continuously, quicker and cheaper methods are required. The paper demonstrates, to what extend high resolution satellite data like KWR-1000, KFA-1000, KFA-3000, and (historic) CORONA data are suitable for detecting the settlement structures and their changes by means of different evaluation methods. Visual interpretation and computer aided classification are performed independently and their results compared afterwards. As not all features are detectable by means of the computer aided evaluation, hybrid methods are developed which combine the advantages of both the visual interpretation (more precise, contextual interpretation) and the computer aided classification (quick, cheap and interpreter independent). Finally an assessment of the results is given with respect to their suitability for the needs of regional planning and the integration into the Styrian geographical information system. This assessment comprises the first results of a study currently undertaken for the Styrian government.

- by Wolfgang Sulzer
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- Regional Planning, Thematic Maps, Satellite Data, Information Need

This paper is an empirical study examining the adequacy of the planning approach and establishment types in developing rural tourism in Malaysia with a focus on rural capacity to absorb tourism. It explores the policy background that encourages the growth of rural tourism and highlights issues and factors hampering the involvement of rural communities in tourism. Three illustrations, which are drawn from Kedah State, involve the investigations of regional planning initiatives, remote resort establishments and a home-stay programme. Views of stakeholders, the planning agencies, tourism industry and communities, concerning their expectations, development initiatives, and responses to address concerns of tourism, are examined. Results indicate that the current development irony arises because of the insufficient attention to local capacity building, reluctance to integrate local settlements and a misplaced notion of professionalism. Insensitivity to cater for cultural and ethnic differences in the encounters of host and guest also impedes meaningful local involvement. r

- by Abby Liu
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- Marketing, Tourism Management, Stakeholders, Rural Tourism

Bidimensional regression is a method developed by Waldo Tobler for comparing the degree of resemblance between two two-dimensional configurations of points or surfaces. It is an extension of linear regression where each variable is a pair of values representing a location in a two-dimensional space. Bidimensional regression numerically compares the similarity between two-dimensional surfaces through an index called bidimensional correlation. The aim of the study is the general description of the method, and to present examples of its application with the help of some real data, that of the Hungarian railway time space.

- by Regional Statistics
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- Geography, Human Geography, Spatial Analysis, Spatial Modeling

Regional Atlas of the Tadla-Azilal region (Morocco), carried out through a Volubilis "Programme d’Action Intégrée" funded by the "Comité Mixte Interuniversitaire Franco-Marocain" involving ESO-Angers (UMR CNRS 6590) of Angers University (France), Sultan Moulay Slimane University of Beni Mellal (Morocco) and EHESS Paris LATES (France). It puts into perspective the different elements to highlight or to preserve and participates in providing tangible answers to the development and planning of this region. After a historical, physical and human overview are developed the specific dynamics and issues of the three regional units (mountain, piedmont, plain) and the cross-cutting issues about water, migratory question, risks and potential and recognized heritage.

- by Taibi aude Nuscia
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- Regional development, Morocco, Regional Planning, Atlas

The monitoring of urban land use change forms an integral part of the regional planning process whereby policies and strategic plans are reviewed and updated. This task typically involves the identification of emerging land use patterns which are normally linked with other planning statistics such as employment, housing and population before the full significance of land use change are apparent. This requires planning programme to be adapted during their implementation as and when incoming information requires such change. Among the myriad of urbanisation issues faced by the local authorities in Klang Valley region includes traffic congestion, provision of housing and amenities and declining environmental situation. With a rational planning approach, the quality of planning and decision making process can be substantially improved with valid data appropriately and efficiently handled. Against this background, this paper will discuss and demonstrates the design and development of a GIS database as well as the customised applications for planning and monitoring the development of the region. The database was designed and developed to support ten application modules namely built up area, green and recreational areas, traffic and urban transport, squatter and low-cost housing, environment, utilities and community services, industrial and commercial development, population and socioeconomic, tourism facilities and geohazard. This required as many as more than 100 map layers including base map, administrative boundary, physical characteristics, environmental quality, traffic and urban transport, green and recreational areas, public facilities and utilities. Above all the application and analysis, a user interface and modelling was developed to facilitate an easy and friendly use of the system. Lastly, a web-based GIS for Klang Valley was also developed to integrate the data set and to encourage data sharing between various agencies involve in shaping the urban environment in Klang Valley region.

- by Zakaria Ibrahim
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- Strategic Planning, User Interface, Urban Development, Regional Planning

There has been much debate over the past few decades regarding the desirability of implementing an Australian high-speed rail (HSR) system along the nation's eastern seaboard. The cost of building such infrastructure has meant that governments have been reluctant to pursue its development. Changing contextual circumstances, such as the imminent introduction of an Australian emissions trading scheme, concerns about peak oil, restrictions on airport capacity and the desirability of enhancing Australia's transport infrastructure, have added impetus to the call for an Australian HSR system. The magnitude of the investment required to implement HSR in Australia implies that a wide range of public-private relationships would be necessary for the construction and management of the network. This paper draws on international experiences relating to the arrangements between government funders of HSR projects and service providers contracted to provide services in relation to these major public assets. This review is applied to previous proposals for the development of an HSR network in Australia, as a means of analysing the contractual issue which need to be addressed in any future infrastructure development with respect to rail. In particular, the paper will examine the extent to which international contractual arrangements are able to provide an insight into relationship between funding the construction of these assets and their management in an Australian context.

- by Pat Gillett
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- Public Administration, Regional Planning, Land Use Planning, Service Provider

Nazi Germany saw Eastern Europe as an opportunity to expand its territory, its living space. Poland would become the laboratory for an inhumane colonisation plan, the Generalplan Ost (“General Plan for the East”), which involved replacement of the non-Aryan population with Germanic farmers. The anti-urban management of that lobotomised territory was scientifically drafted by a group of architects, geographers, and agronomists working under the orders of Heinrich Himmler. The urban planning aspects of this utopian plan, based on central place theory, self-sufficiency, and neighbourhood units, were of great technical interest and influenced the creation of new communities within Franco’s regime. However, we cannot overlook the fact that, had the Nazi plan been completed, it would have resulted in the forced relocation of 31 million Europeans.

- by Unai Fernández de Betoño
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- Geography, Architecture, Urban Planning, Land management

This paper presents views on the future of optical networking. A historical look at the emergence of optical networking is first taken, followed by a discussion on the drivers pushing for a new and pervasive network, which is based on photonics and can satisfy the needs of a broadening base of residential, business, and scientific users. Regional plans and targets for optical networking are reviewed to understand which current approaches are judged important. Today, two thrusts are driving separate optical network infrastructure models, namely 1) the need by nations to provide a ubiquitous network infrastructure to support all the future services and telecommunication needs of residential and business users and 2) increasing demands by the scientific community for networks to support their requirements with respect to large-scale data transport and processing. This paper discusses these network models together with the key enabling technologies currently being considered for future implementation, including optical circuit, burst and packet switching, and optical code-division multiplexing. Critical subsystem functionalities are also reviewed. The discussion considers how these separate models might eventually merge to form a global optical network infrastructure.

Son yıllarda Türkiye’de hazırlanan kalkınma planlarında ve projelerinde coğrafi ve ekolojik bakış açısından ziyade ekonomik bakış açısı öne çıkmaktadır. Ekonomik çıkarlar göz önünde bulundurularak yapılan bu planlamalar kısa vadede etkili olmakla birlikte uzun vadede zarar etmektedirler. Ekolojik olmamaları dolayısıyla meydana getirdikleri bu zararlar hem ülke ekonomisine zarar vermekte hem de doğal çevreyi tahrip etmektedir. Doğal çevre tahribatıyla birlikte gelen doğal kaynakların hatalı kullanımı da bu zararın boyutlarını artırmaktadır. Bu zararlardan korunmak ve daha işlevsel planlar/projeler üretmek için akademik açıdan başarılı ve alanında uzman kişilere danışılarak bu planların yapılması daha yerinde bir karar olacaktır. Coğrafya Bilimi bu ihtiyacı karşılama konusunda etkili bir yere sahiptir. Coğrafyacılar eğitimleri boyunca gördükleri klimatoloji, jeomorfoloji, ekoloji gibi fiziki derslerin yanı sıra ekonomi, siyaset, bölge planlama dersleri sayesinde plan ve proje hazırlama konusunda yetkin bir kitleyi oluşturmaktadır. Bu altyapıya sahip bilim adamlarının oluşturacakları projeler hem ekolojik hem de ekonomik bir özellik göstererek bölge planlama işinde etkili sonuçlar ortaya koyacaktır. - Araştırma ödevidir, bilimsel geçerliliği yoktur.

- by Mustafa Kağan Özbilge
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- Geography, Regional Geography, Climate Change, Regional development

In recent years, the so-called sharing economy has spread all over the world and, through the proliferation of online peer-to-peer platforms, provides a marketplace that matches sellers who want to sell/share their underutilised assets with buyers who need them. One of the well-known and heavily debated manifestations of the sharing economy is an accommodation provider platform called Airbnb. Airbnb is experiencing astonishing growth provoking several intense debates, regulatory challenges, and political battles due to its wide-spread effects on rental and real-estate markets. Thus, it is important to analyse the uneven spatial effects of the phenomenon. This paper aims to map Airbnb’s presence in New York City but, going beyond visual inspection, it analyses the socio-economic factors influencing the spatiality of Airbnb in the American metropolis. After collecting data from various data sources, we performed a statistical analysis (correlation, regression analysis) to determine the socio-economic conditions of areas and revealed those factors that may affect the spatial distribution of Airbnb listings in the city. Results highlight that (1) Airbnb supply concentrates in those parts of New York City with a young population, (2) there is a significant number of housing units, and (3) the number of points of interest is high.

- by Regional Statistics and +1
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- Transportation Engineering, Geography, Human Geography, Urban Geography

Urbanization is the process in which town and cities are formed and they grow extensively when more numbers of people start to live and work in the city areas. Every city in the developing countries is increasing in size that increases its slums, unemployment, housing shortages, inadequate transport system, congestion of people and traffic. The United Nations projected that half of the world's population would live in urban areas at the end of 2008. 1 It is predicted that by 2050 about 64% of the developing world would be urbanized. 2 Greater the population increased, low the per capita income, fewer the capital resources, greater the unemployment, and less developed the urban infrastructures which all characterize the cities of the developing world. This paper deals with the problems that come across planning of any cities in developing countries and how the problem can be solved when people with technical rationality participate directly and equally on it.

- by Shristi Kuikel
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- Urban And Regional Planning, Regional Planning

... Milan: F. Angelo, 1980; Lorenzo Cappellini and Paolo Portoghesi, Le città del silenzio: paesaggio, acque e architetture della regione pontina. Latina: L'Argonauta, 1984; Terry Kirk, 'Framing St. ... 4 (December... more

The purpose of this paper is to map and contextualize the evolution of the concept of legacy over time using bid and final report documentation from Olympic Games host and candidate cities. As a result of the increased importance of legacy in the modern Olympic movement, many trends have emerged. Examples of modern trends include numerous new legacy themes (e.g., environmental, information, educational); changes in the types of legacy being emphasized (e.g., closer links to city and regional planning initiatives and legacy sustainability), and its increasing complexity and interconnectedness found within the typology of legacies, and legacy's overall governance including major influencers and decision makers. Source: Leopkey, B., & Parent, M. M. (2012). Olympic games legacy: From general benefits to sustainable long-term legacy.

- by Milena Parent
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- Time Use, Regional Planning, Olympic Games, Educational Change