Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy (original) (raw)

ⓘ Actinolite

Formula: ◻Ca2(Mg4.5-2.5Fe0.5-2.5)Si8O22(OH)2

ⓘ Adranosite

Formula: (NH4)4NaAl2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2

ⓘ Adranosite-(Fe)

Formula: (NH4)4NaFe3+2(SO4)4Cl(OH)2

ⓘ Aegirine

Formula: NaFe3+Si2O6

Localities:

San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Phlegrean Fields Volcanic Complex, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Fondo Riccio, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Aenigmatite

Formula: Na4[Fe2+10Ti2]O4[Si12O36]

References:

Melluso, L., Morra, V., Guarino, V., de’Gennaro, R., Franciosi, L., & Grifa, C. (2014). The crystallization of shoshonitic to peralkaline trachyphonolitic magmas in a H 2 O–Cl–F-rich environment at Ischia (Italy), with implications for the feeder system of the Campania Plain volcanoes. Lithos, 210, 242-259

ⓘ Afghanite

Formula: (Na,K)22Ca10(Si24Al24O96)(SO4)6Cl6

Description: The mineral named "natrodavyne" by Zambonini (1910) [see also Pelloux (1927) and Zambonini (1936)] is afghanite (Parodi et al., 1996). At Monte Somma, afghanite occurs in association with vesuvianite in cavities of metamorphosed calcareous ejecta with orbicular texture; and also, as crystal up to 10 mm in size, in druses with garnet, biotite, sanidine, and pyroxene.

ⓘ Åkermanite

Formula: Ca2Mg[Si2O7]

ⓘ 'Åkermanite-Gehlenite Series'

Localities:

Cupa dell'Olivella, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Scala lava flow, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: All "melilite" reports in the literature are referable to minerals in the åkermanite-gehlenite series.

ⓘ Alacránite

Formula: As8S9

ⓘ Albite

Formula: Na(AlSi3O8)

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Albite var. Andesine

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]

ⓘ Albite var. Anorthoclase

Formula: (Na,K)AlSi3O8

ⓘ Albite var. Oligoclase

Formula: (Na,Ca)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]

ⓘ Alcaparrosaite ?

Formula: K3Ti4+Fe3+(SO4)4O(H2O)2

ⓘ 'Alkali Feldspar'

Localities:

Solchiaro eruption, Procida Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Procida Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Phlegrean Fields Volcanic Complex, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Allanite-(Ce)

Formula: (CaCe)(AlAlFe2+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

ⓘ 'Allanite Group'

Formula: (A12+REE3+)(M13+M23+M32+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

ⓘ Allophane

Formula: (Al2O3)(SiO2)1.3-2 · 2.5-3H2O

ⓘ Almandine

Formula: Fe2+3Al2(SiO4)3

ⓘ 'Alum Group'

Formula: XAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O

ⓘ Aluminite

Formula: Al2(SO4)(OH)4 · 7H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Aluminocoquimbite

Formula: Al2Fe2(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O

ⓘ Alum-(K) (TL)

Formula: KAl(SO4)2 · 12H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Alunite

Formula: KAl3(SO4)2(OH)6

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pisciarelli di Agnano, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Antiniana (Scarfoglio), Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Alunogen

Formula: Al2(SO4)3 · 17H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Amarillite ?

Formula: NaFe(SO4)2 · 6H2O

References:

Mormone, A., Piochi, M., Balassone, G., Strauss, H., Troise, C., & De Natale, G. (2015, April). Mineralogical and sulfur isotopic characterization of the sulfur-bearing mineralization from the active degassing area of Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy). In EGU General Assembly Conference Abstracts (Vol. 17).

ⓘ Ammineite

Formula: [CuCl2(NH3)2]

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Fumarole B5 ("Cotunnite pit"), Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup'

Formula: A B2C5((Si,Al,Ti)8O22)(OH,F,Cl,O)2

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Amphibole Supergroup var. Clinoamphibole'

ⓘ Analcime

Formula: Na(AlSi2O6) · H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Andradite

Formula: Ca3Fe3+2(SiO4)3

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Andradite var. Melanite

Formula: Ca3(Fe3+,Ti)2(SiO4)3

Localities:

Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno di Pollena, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Andradite-Grossular Series'

ⓘ Anglesite

Formula: PbSO4

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Oncino lava flow (Uncino lava flow), Torre Annunziata, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Anhydrite

Formula: CaSO4

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Torregaveta, Bacoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: Found in ejecta blocks with Sellaite.

ⓘ Ankerite

Formula: Ca(Fe2+,Mg)(CO3)2

ⓘ Anorthite (TL)

Formula: Ca(Al2Si2O8)

Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.

ⓘ Anorthite var. Bytownite

Formula: (Ca,Na)[Al(Al,Si)Si2O8]

ⓘ Antlerite

Formula: Cu3(SO4)(OH)4

Description: Occurs as pseudomorphs after Dolerophanite, so called "Vernadskite."

ⓘ 'Apatite'

Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(Cl/F/OH)

Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.

ⓘ Aphthitalite (TL)

Formula: (K,Na)3Na(SO4)2

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy ? (more information)

Description: Occurred in active volcanic fumaroles after several eruptions.

ⓘ 'Apophyllite Group'

Formula: A B4[Si8O22]X · 8H2O

Description: According to Russo & Campostrini (2022), the mineral is probably fluorapophyllite-(K).

ⓘ Aragonite

Formula: CaCO3

Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.

ⓘ Aragonite var. Pelagosite

Formula: CaCO3

ⓘ Aravaipaite ?

Formula: Pb3AlF9 · H2O

Description: From fumaroles of 1944 eruption. Very probable. Preliminary determination based on SEM-EDS analysis, mineral colour and morphology only.

ⓘ Arsenolite ?

Formula: As2O3

ⓘ Arsenopyrite

Formula: FeAsS

ⓘ 'Arsenschwefel'

Formula: As2S3 · H2O

ⓘ Artroeite

Formula: Pb[AlF3(OH)2]

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Atacamite

Formula: Cu2(OH)3Cl

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Augite

Formula: (CaxMgyFez)(Mgy1Fez1)Si2O6

Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.

ⓘ Augite var. Fassaite

Formula: (Ca,Na)(Mg,Fe2+,Al,Fe3+,Ti)[(Si,Al)2O6]

ⓘ Avogadrite (TL)

Formula: (K,Cs)[BF4]

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: Found admixed with sassolite and other salts as a fumarolic incrustation on Vesuvius- It occurs as minute tabular to platy and sometimes elongated crystals resembling barite and as dense crusts. It is colorless to white, or yellowish to reddish when impure. The taste is bitter.

ⓘ Azurite

Formula: Cu3(CO3)2(OH)2

Localities:

Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Camaldoli della Torre, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Scala lava flow, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Baddeleyite

Formula: ZrO2

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Balliranoite (TL)

Formula: (Na,K)6Ca2(Si6Al6O24)Cl2(CO3)

Type Locality:

Description: Found in metamorphosed ejecta.

References:

Chukanov, Nikita V., Zubkova, Natalia V., Pekov, Igor V., Olysych, Lyudmila V., Bonaccorsi, Elena, Pushcharovsky, Dmitry Yu. (2010) Balliranoite, (Na,K)6Ca2(Si6Al6O24)Cl2(CO3), a new cancrinite-group mineral from Monte Somma Vesuvio volcanic complex, Italy. European Journal of Mineralogy, 22 (1) 113-119 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2010/0022-1983

ⓘ Bararite

Formula: (NH4)2[SiF6]

Description: Not type locality despite it being observed here first, because it was not fully described from Vesuvius.

ⓘ Baryte

Formula: BaSO4

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles at the crater bottom, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Bassanite (TL)

Formula: Ca(SO4) · 0.5H2O

ⓘ 'Biotite'

Formula: K(Fe2+/Mg)2(Al/Fe3+/Mg/Ti)([Si/Al/Fe]2Si2O10)(OH/F)2

Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.

Description: According to Campostrini & Russo (2022), the Somma-Vesuvius biotites are most commonly referable to phlogopite, most rarely to fluorophlogopite.

ⓘ Bischofite ?

Formula: MgCl2 · 6H2O

ⓘ Blödite

Formula: Na2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O

ⓘ Bonazziite

Formula: As4S4

ⓘ Boothite

Formula: CuSO4 · 7H2O

Colour: Bluish-green

Description: Occurred as crusts on lava of 1872.

ⓘ Boothite var. Magnesium-bearing Boothite

Formula: (Cu,Mg)SO4 · 7H2O

Colour: Bluish-green

Description: Occurred as crusts on lava of 1872.

ⓘ Britholite-(Ce)

Formula: (Ce,Ca)5(SiO4)3OH

Localities:

San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Trapolino Quarry (Cava Nuova), Somma Vesuviana, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Habit: tabular hexagonal xls

Colour: pale blue

Description: It may be regarded as a calcian thorian britholite-(Ce), according to Orlandi et alii (1989).

ⓘ Britholite-(Ce) var. Thorian Britholite-(Ce)

Formula: (Na,Ca,Ce,Th)5(P,Si)3O12(OH,F)

Description: In sanidinite blocks.

ⓘ 'Britholite Group'

Formula: (REE,Ca)5[(Si,P)O4]3X

ⓘ Brochantite

Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6

Localities:

ⓘ Brucite

Formula: Mg(OH)2

ⓘ Calcinaksite

Formula: KNaCa(Si4O10) · H2O

ⓘ Calcioaravaipaite

Formula: PbCa2AlF9

Localities:

ⓘ Calcite

Formula: CaCO3

Localities: Reported from at least 22 localities in this region.

ⓘ Caledonite

Formula: Pb5Cu2(SO4)3(CO3)(OH)6

Localities:

ⓘ Calzirtite

Formula: Ca2Zr5Ti2O16

ⓘ Cancrinite

Formula: (Na,Ca,◻)8(Al6Si6O24)(CO3,SO4)2 · 2H2O

ⓘ 'Cancrinite Group'

ⓘ Carobbiite (TL)

Formula: KF

Description: found in the fumaroles of the lava erupted in Dec. 1933

ⓘ Celadonite

Formula: K(MgFe3+◻)(Si4O10)(OH)2

Localities:

Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Forio, Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Cerussite

Formula: PbCO3

Localities:

San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Torregaveta, Bacoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Chabazite'

ⓘ Chabazite-K (TL)

Formula: (K2,Ca,Na2,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Chabazite-Na

Formula: (Na2,K2,Ca,Sr,Mg)2[Al2Si4O12]2 · 12H2O

ⓘ Chalcanthite

Formula: CuSO4 · 5H2O

ⓘ Chalcocyanite (TL)

Formula: CuSO4

Description: Occurred as a sublimate during the 1868 eruption of Vesuvius.

ⓘ Chalcopyrite

Formula: CuFeS2

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Challacolloite

Formula: KPb2Cl5

ⓘ Chloraluminite (TL)

Formula: AlCl3 · 6H2O

ⓘ 'Chlorite Group'

ⓘ Chlormanganokalite (TL)

Formula: K4[MnCl6]

Description: Found lining cavities in blocks of scoria ejected during the eruption of April, 1906.

ⓘ Chlorocalcite (TL)

Formula: KCaCl3

Description: Occurred as a volcanic sublimate.

ⓘ Chloromagnesite (TL)

Formula: MgCl2

ⓘ Chlorothionite (TL)

Formula: K2Cu(SO4)Cl2

Description: Occurred as incrustations at active volcanic fumaroles during the eruption of 1872.

ⓘ Chondrodite

Formula: Mg5(SiO4)2F2

ⓘ Chromite

Formula: Fe2+Cr3+2O4

References:

ⓘ Chrysocolla

Formula: Cu2-xAlx(H2-xSi2O5)(OH)4 · nH2O, x < 1

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Clairite

Formula: (NH4)2Fe3(SO4)4(OH)3 · 3H2O

ⓘ Clinohumite (TL)

Formula: Mg9(SiO4)4F2

Localities:

ⓘ 'Clinopyroxene Subgroup'

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Clinozoisite

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlAl)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

ⓘ Connellite

Formula: Cu19(SO4)(OH)32Cl4 · 3H2O

Localities:

ⓘ Coquimbite

Formula: AlFe3(SO4)6(H2O)12 · 6H2O

ⓘ Corrensite

Formula: (Mg,Fe)9((Si,Al)8O20)(OH)10 · nH2O

ⓘ Corundum

Formula: Al2O3

ⓘ Cotunnite (TL)

Formula: PbCl2

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

Description: Occurred as a sublimation product in active volcanic fumaroles.

ⓘ Covellite (TL)

Formula: CuS

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: found in fumaroles of the 1822 eruption

ⓘ Creedite

Formula: Ca3Al2(SO4)(OH)2F8 · 2H2O

Localities:

Fumarole B5 ("Cotunnite pit"), Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Cristobalite

Formula: SiO2

ⓘ Cryptochalcite

Formula: K2Cu5O(SO4)5

References:

Balassone, Giuseppina, Petti, Carmela, Mondillo, Nicola, Panikorovskii, Taras L., de Gennaro, Roberto, Cappelletti, Piergiulio, Altomare, Angela, Corriero, Nicola, Cangiano, Maria, D’Orazio, Loredana (2019) Copper Minerals at Vesuvius Volcano (Southern Italy): A Mineralogical Review. Minerals, 9 (12) 730 doi:10.3390/min9120730

ⓘ Cryptohalite (TL)

Formula: (NH4)2[SiF6]

ⓘ Cumengeite

Formula: Pb21Cu20Cl42(OH)40 · 6H2O

Localities:

Description: found in recent fumaroles

ⓘ Cuprite

Formula: Cu2O

Localities:

Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Camaldoli della Torre, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Cuprorivaite (TL)

Formula: CaCuSi4O10

Type Locality:

ⓘ Cuspidine (TL)

Formula: Ca8(Si2O7)2F4

ⓘ Cyanochroite (TL)

Formula: K2Cu(SO4)2 · 6H2O

ⓘ D'Ansite-(Mn)

Formula: Na21Mn2+(SO4)10Cl3

ⓘ Davyne (TL)

Formula: (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(Cl2,SO4)2

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Dimorphite (TL)

Formula: As4S3

Localities:

Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Diopside

Formula: CaMgSi2O6

Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.

ⓘ Diopside var. Salite

References:

D'Antonio, M., Civetta, L., Orsi, G., Pappalardo, L., Piochi, M., Carandente, A., ... & Isaia, R. (1999). The present state of the magmatic system of the Campi Flegrei caldera based on a reconstruction of its behavior in the past 12 ka. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 91(2-4), 247-268.

ⓘ 'Diopside-Hedenbergite Series'

References:

Cannatelli, C., Lima, A., Bodnar, R.J., De Vivo, B., Webster, J.D., and Fedele, L. (2007) Geochemistry of melt inclusions from the Fondo Riccio and Minopoli 1 eruptions at Campi Flegrei (Italy). Chemical Geology, 237: 3–4: 418-432.

ⓘ Dolerophanite (TL)

Formula: Cu2(SO4)O

Description: Occurred in volcanic fumaroles in the eruption of 1868.

ⓘ Dolomite

Formula: CaMg(CO3)2

Localities:

Lagno di Pollena, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Trapolino Quarry (Cava Nuova), Somma Vesuviana, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno Macedonia, Somma Vesuviana, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Downeyite ?

Formula: SeO2

ⓘ Dravertite

Formula: CuMg(SO4)2

References:

ⓘ Edenite

Formula: NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22(OH)2

References:

Di Vito, M., Lirer, L., Mastrolorenzo, G., & Rolandi, G. (1987). The 1538 Monte Nuovo eruption (Campi Flegrei, Italy). Bulletin of Volcanology, 49(4), 608-615.

Orsi, G., Civetta, L., D'Antonio, M., Di Girolamo, P., & Piochi, M. (1995). Step-filling and development of a three-layer magma chamber: the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff case history. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 67(4), 291-312.

Di Vito, M. A., Isaia, R., Orsi, G., Southon, J. D., De Vita, S., d'Antonio, M., ... & Piochi, M. (1999). Volcanism and deformation since 12,000 years at the Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy). Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 91(2-4), 221-246.

Pappalardo, L., Civetta, L., d'Antonio, M., Deino, A., Di Vito, M., Orsi, G., ... & Piochi, M. (1999). Chemical and Sr-isotopical evolution of the Phlegraean magmatic system before the Campanian Ignimbrite and the Neapolitan Yellow Tuff eruptions. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 91(2-4), 141-166.

Signorelli, S., Vaggelli, G., Francalanci, L., & Rosi, M. (1999). Origin of magmas feeding the Plinian phase of the Campanian Ignimbrite eruption, Phlegrean Fields (Italy): constraints based on matrix-glass and glass-inclusion compositions. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 91(2-4), 199-220.

De Vivo, B., Rolandi, G., Gans, P. B., Calvert, A., Bohrson, W. A., Spera, F. J., & Belkin, H. E. (2001). New constraints on the pyroclastic eruptive history of the Campanian volcanic Plain (Italy). Mineralogy and Petrology, 73(1-3), 47-65.

Signorelli, S., Vaggelli, G., Romano, C., & Carroll, M. (2001). Volatile element zonation in Campanian Ignimbrite magmas (Phlegrean Fields, Italy): evidence from the study of glass inclusions and matrix glasses. Contributions to Mineralogy and Petrology, 140(5), 543-553.

Pappalardo, L., Piochi, M., d’Antonio, M., Civetta, L., & Petrini, R. (2002). Evidence for multi-stage magmatic evolution during the past 60 kyr at Campi Flegrei (Italy) deduced from Sr, Nd and Pb isotope data. Journal of Petrology, 43(8), 1415-1434.

Fowler, S. J., Spera, F. J., Bohrson, W. A., Belkin, H. E., & De Vivo, B. (2007). Phase equilibria constraints on the chemical and physical evolution of the Campanian Ignimbrite. Journal of Petrology, 48(3), 459-493.

Di Renzo, V., Arienzo, I., Civetta, L., D'Antonio, M., Tonarini, S., Di Vito, M. A., & Orsi, G. (2011). The magmatic feeding system of the Campi Flegrei caldera: architecture and temporal evolution. Chemical Geology, 281(3-4), 227-241.

Fedele, L., Insinga, D. D., Calvert, A. T., Morra, V., Perrotta, A., & Scarpati, C. (2011). 40 Ar/39 Ar dating of tuff vents in the Campi Flegrei caldera (southern Italy): toward a new chronostratigraphic reconstruction of the Holocene volcanic activity. Bulletin of Volcanology, 73(9), 1323-1336.

Melluso, L., De'Gennaro, R., Fedele, L., Franciosi, L., & Morra, V. (2012). Evidence of crystallization in residual, Cl–F-rich, agpaitic, trachyphonolitic magmas and primitive Mg-rich basalt–trachyphonolite interaction in the lava domes of the Phlegrean Fields (Italy). Geological Magazine, 149(3), 532-550.

Selva, J., Orsi, G., Di Vito, M. A., Marzocchi, W., & Sandri, L. (2012). Probability hazard map for future vent opening at the Campi Flegrei caldera, Italy. Bulletin of volcanology, 74(2), 497-510.

Ricci, T., Barberi, F., Davis, M. S., Isaia, R., & Nave, R. (2013). Volcanic risk perception in the Campi Flegrei area. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 254, 118-130.

ⓘ Efremovite

Formula: (NH4)2Mg2(SO4)3

ⓘ Ekanite

Formula: Ca2ThSi8O20

ⓘ Elpasolite

Formula: K2NaAlF6

References:

ⓘ Enricofrancoite (TL)

Formula: KNaCaSi4O10

Type Locality:

ⓘ Enstatite

Formula: Mg2Si2O6

Localities:

Le Novelle Quarry, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno Amendolare, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy ? (more information)

ⓘ 'Enstatite-Ferrosilite Series'

ⓘ Epidote

Formula: (CaCa)(AlAlFe3+)O[Si2O7][SiO4](OH)

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Trapolino Quarry (Cava Nuova), Somma Vesuviana, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Procida Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pozzo Vecchio, Procida Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Epsomite

Formula: MgSO4 · 7H2O

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy ? (more information)

Description: Occurs in small amounts as fumarole deposits.

ⓘ Eriochalcite (TL)

Formula: CuCl2 · 2H2O

Description: Occurred as a sublimate during the 1868 eruption of Vesuvius.

ⓘ Erythrosiderite (TL)

Formula: K2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: Occurred at volcanic fumaroles.

ⓘ Ettringite

Formula: Ca6Al2(SO4)3(OH)12 · 26H2O

ⓘ Euchlorine (TL)

Formula: KNaCu3(SO4)3O

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: Occurred as a sublimate during the 1868 eruption of Vesuvius.

ⓘ Fayalite

Formula: Fe2+2SiO4

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Fayalite-Forsterite Series'

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Feldspar Group'

Localities:

Forio, Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Phlegrean Fields Volcanic Complex, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Monte Epomeo, Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Ferberite

Formula: FeWO4

References:

Fedele L., Tarzia M., Belkin H.E., De Vivo B., Lima A., Lowenstern J.B. (2006): Magmatic–hydrothermal fluid interaction and mineralization in alkali-syenite nodules from the Breccia Museo pyroclastic deposit, Naples, Italy. In: De Vivo B. (ed.), Volcanism in the Campania Plain: Vesuvius, Campi Flegrei and Ignimbrites. Developments in Volcanology, vol. 9, Elsevier B.V., Amsterdam, pages 125-161.

ⓘ Fergusonite-(Ce)

Formula: CeNbO4 · 0.3H2O

ⓘ Ferrinatrite

Formula: Na3Fe(SO4)3 · 3H2O

ⓘ Ferrisepiolite

Formula: (Fe3+,Fe2+,Mg)4((Si,Fe3+)6O15)(O,OH)2 · 6H2O

ⓘ Ferroefremovite (TL)

Formula: (NH4)2Fe2+2(SO4)3

Type Locality:

References:

Kasatkin A.V., Plášil J., Škoda R., Campostrini I., Chukanov N.V., Agakhanov A.A., Karpenko V.Y. and Belakovskiy D.I. (2021) Ferroefremovite, (NH4)2Fe2+2(SO4)3, a new mineral from Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Campania, Italy. The Canadian Mineralogist: 59(1): 59–68.

ⓘ Ferrohexahydrite

Formula: FeSO4 · 6H2O

ⓘ Ferro-hornblende

Formula: ◻Ca2(Fe2+4Al)(Si7Al)O22(OH)2

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Ferro-pargasite

Formula: NaCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2

ⓘ Ferruccite (TL)

Formula: Na[BF4]

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: Occurred as minute crystals in admixed volcanic fumarole sublimates.

ⓘ Fibroferrite ?

Formula: Fe3+(SO4)(OH) · 5H2O

ⓘ Fluoborite

Formula: Mg3(BO3)(F,OH)3

Localities:

San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pianura, Naples, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Soccavo, Naples, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Fluocerite' ?

ⓘ Fluorapatite

Formula: Ca5(PO4)3F

Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.

ⓘ Fluorcalciopyrochlore

Formula: (Ca,Na)2(Nb, Ti)2O6F

Description: According to Sun et al. (2020), the pyrochlore group mineral present in the sanidinites (medium to coarse-grained syenite) of the San Vito quarry is classifiable as fluorcalciopyrochlore. Analysis performed on a sample supplied by Massimo Russo, in which sanidine is the main felsic constituent (70%). Sodalite (~5%) is present as poikilitic crystals intergrown with euhedral sanidine; mafic minerals include clinopyroxene (15%) and opaque Fe-Ti oxides (10%); fluorcalciopyrochlore, baddeleyite, fluorite and britholite-(Ce) occur as late-stage accessory phases.

ⓘ Fluorellestadite

Formula: Ca5(SiO4)1.5(SO4)1.5F

Description: Analysed by Italo Campostrini in samples of cumulate rocks provided by Imma Punzo.

ⓘ Fluorite

Formula: CaF2

Localities: Reported from at least 11 localities in this region.

ⓘ Fluornatrocoulsellite

Formula: CaNa3AlMg3F14

Localities:

ⓘ Fluoro-edenite

Formula: NaCa2Mg5(Si7Al)O22F2

ⓘ Fluorophlogopite

Formula: KMg3(Si3Al)O10F2

Description: Determined in a metamorphoeed ejectum.

ⓘ Forsterite (TL)

Formula: Mg2SiO4

Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.

ⓘ Galena

Formula: PbS

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Garnet Group'

Formula: X3Z2(SiO4)3

Localities:

Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Fosso Cancherone, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vallone di San Sebastiano, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Gearksutite

Formula: Ca[Al(F,OH)5(H2O)]

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Fumarole B5 ("Cotunnite pit"), Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Gehlenite

Formula: Ca2Al[AlSiO7]

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Le Novelle Quarry, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Geikielite

Formula: MgTiO3

ⓘ Ghiaraite (TL)

Formula: CaCl2 · 4H2O

ⓘ Gibbsite

Formula: Al(OH)3

ⓘ Gismondine-Ca

Formula: CaAl2Si2O8 · 4H2O

ⓘ 'Glass'

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Glauberite

Formula: Na2Ca(SO4)2

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy ? (more information)

ⓘ Godovikovite

Formula: (NH4)Al(SO4)2

ⓘ Goethite

Formula: α-Fe3+O(OH)

ⓘ Gold

Formula: Au

ⓘ Goldichite

Formula: KFe(SO4)2 · 4H2O

ⓘ Gonnardite

Formula: (Na,Ca)2(Si,Al)5O10 · 3H2O

ⓘ Graphite

Formula: C

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vallone di San Sebastiano, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Habit: small masses

Colour: stell-gray

Description: In metamorphosed limestone volcanic ejectae

ⓘ Grossular

Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3

Localities:

Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Cupa dell'Olivella, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Procida Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Grossular var. Hibschite

Formula: Ca3Al2(SiO4)3-x(OH)4x

ⓘ 'Guarinite'

Formula: (Na, Ca, Zr, Si, F, O)

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Gypsum

Formula: CaSO4 · 2H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 23 localities in this region.

ⓘ Hainite-(Y)

Formula: Na2Ca4(Y,REE)Ti(Si2O7)2OF3

References:

ⓘ Halite

Formula: NaCl

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Torregaveta, Bacoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Boscotrecase thermal area ("Tenorite pit"), Boscotrecase, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Halloysite

Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4

ⓘ Halotrichite

Formula: FeAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Hausmannite

Formula: Mn2+Mn3+2O4

Localities:

Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Camaldoli della Torre, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Haüyne (TL)

Formula: Na3Ca(Si3Al3)O12(SO4)

Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.

ⓘ Hedenbergite

Formula: CaFe2+Si2O6

ⓘ Heklaite

Formula: KNaSiF6

Description: From fumaroles of 1895 eruption.

ⓘ Helvine

Formula: Be3Mn2+4(SiO4)3S

ⓘ Hematite

Formula: Fe2O3

Localities: Reported from at least 18 localities in this region.

ⓘ Hemimorphite

Formula: Zn4Si2O7(OH)2 · H2O

Localities:

ⓘ Hieratite

Formula: K2[SiF6]

Description: Occurred in admixed volcanic fumarole sublimates.

ⓘ Hiortdahlite

Formula: Na2Ca4(Ca0.5Zr0.5)Zr(Si2O7)2OF3

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Hornblende Root Name Group'

Formula: ◻Ca2(Z2+4Z3+)(AlSi7O22)(OH,F,Cl)2

Localities:

Cupa dell'Olivella, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Monte Olibano, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Huizingite-(Al)

Formula: [(NH4)9(SO4)2][(Al,Fe3+)3(OH)2(H2O)4(SO4)6]

ⓘ Humite (TL)

Formula: Mg7(SiO4)3F2

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno di Pollena, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno Amendolare, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: One of the many confirmed humite specimens from Monte Somma has been published by Chukanov (2014). The following data is from a yellow crystal, Specimen No. 27825 from the Fersman Mineralogical Museum of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia which has been identified by single-crystal X-ray diffraction pattern and electron microprobe analysis. The empirical formula is (electron microprobe, OH calculated): Mg6.73Fe0.26Mn0.07Zn0.02Si2.92O12F1.08(OH)0.92Wavenumbers (cm-1): 3553, 1180sh, 1075sh, 984s, 955s, 900sh, 887s, 847, 759, 749, 613, 537,484s, 407s.

ⓘ 'Humite Group'

ⓘ Huttonite

Formula: ThSiO4

ⓘ Hydrocerussite

Formula: Pb3(CO3)2(OH)2

Localities:

ⓘ Hydrohalloysite

Formula: Al2Si2O5(OH)4 · 2H2O

Localities:

"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pisciarelli di Agnano, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Antiniana (Scarfoglio), Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Hydrokenoralstonite

Formula: Na0.5(Al,Mg)2(F,OH)6 · H2O

ⓘ Hydromagnesite

Formula: Mg5(CO3)4(OH)2 · 4H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Hydromelanothallite'

Formula: Cu2(OH)2Cl2 · H2O

Description: Occurred with eriochalcite in volcanic fumaroles.

References:

Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.

ⓘ 'Hydrophilite' ?

ⓘ ~~Hydroxylapatite~~

Formula: Ca5(PO4)3(OH)

Description: According to Russo & Campostrini (2022)only fluorapatite is present at Somma-Vesuvius.

ⓘ Hydrozincite

Formula: Zn5(CO3)2(OH)6

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Iddingsite'

Formula: MgO · Fe2O3 · 3SiO2 · 4H2O

ⓘ Ilmenite

Formula: Fe2+TiO3

ⓘ Indialite

Formula: Mg2Al3(AlSi5O18)

ⓘ Jarosite

Formula: KFe3+3(SO4)2(OH)6

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pisciarelli di Agnano, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Kainite

Formula: KMg(SO4)Cl · 3H2O

Description: From fumaroles connected with the 1906 eruption.

ⓘ ~~Kalinite~~

Formula: KAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O

Description: Kalinite, although currently approved, is a non-existent species. Therefore, not mentioned in Russo et al. (2017). Specimens of "kalinite" can be considered mixtures of alum-(K), pickeringite +/- gypsum.

ⓘ Kaliophilite (TL)

Formula: KAlSiO4

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vallone di San Sebastiano, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Kalsilite

Formula: KAlSiO4

ⓘ Kaolinite

Formula: Al2(Si2O5)(OH)4

ⓘ 'K Feldspar'

ⓘ 'K Feldspar var. Adularia'

Formula: KAlSi3O8

ⓘ Khademite

Formula: Al(SO4)F · 5H2O

Description: From fumaroles of 1895 eruption.

ⓘ Kochite

Formula: Na3Ca2MnZrTi(Si2O7)2OF3

References:

ⓘ Krausite

Formula: KFe(SO4)2 · H2O

Localities:

Phlegrean Fields Volcanic Complex, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pisciarelli di Agnano, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Antiniana (Scarfoglio), Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Kremersite (TL)

Formula: (NH4,K)2[Fe3+Cl5(H2O)]

Description: Occurred at volcanic fumaroles.

ⓘ Kröhnkite

Formula: Na2Cu(SO4)2 · 2H2O

References:

ⓘ Lafossaite

Formula: Tl(Cl,Br)

ⓘ Langite ?

Formula: Cu4(SO4)(OH)6 · 2H2O

ⓘ Låvenite

Formula: Na2Ca2Mn2Zr2(Si2O7)2O2F2

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Caccaviello Quarry, Forio, Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Lawrencite

Formula: (Fe2+,Ni)Cl2

Description: Occurs as a sublimation product.

ⓘ Lazulite

Formula: MgAl2(PO4)2(OH)2

ⓘ Lazurite

Formula: Na7Ca(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)(S3) · H2O

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Le Novelle Quarry, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Leightonite

Formula: K2Ca2Cu(SO4)4 · 2H2O

References:

ⓘ Leonardsenite

Formula: MgAlF5 · 2H2O

ⓘ Leonite ?

Formula: K2Mg(SO4)2 · 4H2O

ⓘ Letovicite ?

Formula: (NH4)3H(SO4)2

ⓘ Leucite (TL)

Formula: K(AlSi2O6)

Localities: Reported from at least 17 localities in this region.

ⓘ Lévyne-Na

Formula: (Na2,Ca,K2)[Al2Si4O12] · 6H2O

ⓘ Lime (TL)

Formula: CaO

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Camaldoli della Torre, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Oncino lava flow (Uncino lava flow), Torre Annunziata, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Limonite'

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Phlegrean Fields Volcanic Complex, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Fondo Riccio, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Monte Epomeo, Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Linarite

Formula: PbCu(SO4)(OH)2

Localities:

ⓘ Liottite

Formula: (Na,K)16Ca8(Al6Si6O24)3(SO4)5Cl4

ⓘ Litidionite (TL)

Formula: CuNaKSi4O10

ⓘ Lucabindiite

Formula: (K,NH4)As4O6(Cl,Br)

ⓘ Magnesiocopiapite

Formula: MgFe3+4(SO4)6(OH)2 · 20H2O

ⓘ Magnesioferrite (TL)

Formula: MgFe3+2O4

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Fosso Cancherone, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno Amendolare, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Magnesio-fluoro-hastingsite

Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22F2

Description: MFH occurs in a xenolithe from the 1872 eruption, its identification is confirmed by SXRD and EMP-analysis

ⓘ Magnesio-hastingsite

Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Fe3+)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2

ⓘ Magnesiovoltaite

Formula: K2Mg5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O

ⓘ Magnesite

Formula: MgCO3

ⓘ Magnetite

Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2O4

Localities: Reported from at least 26 localities in this region.

ⓘ Magnetite var. Titanium-bearing Magnetite

Formula: Fe2+(Fe3+,Ti)2O4

References:

ⓘ Malachite

Formula: Cu2(CO3)(OH)2

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Malladrite (TL)

Formula: Na2[SiF6]

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Mallardite ?

Formula: MnSO4 · 7H2O

ⓘ Manganolangbeinite (TL)

Formula: K2Mn2(SO4)3

Description: Occurred in a cavern in lava.

ⓘ Manuelarossiite (TL)

Formula: PbCaAlF7

Type Locality:

References:

Bosi, Ferdinando, Miyawaki, Ritsuro, Hatert, Frédéric, Pasero, Marco, Mills, Stuart J. (2023) IMA Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) – Newsletter 71. European Journal of Mineralogy, 35 (1) 75-79 doi:10.5194/ejm-35-75-2023

ⓘ Marialite (TL)

Formula: Na4Al3Si9O24Cl

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Mascagnite

Formula: (NH4)2SO4

Localities:

Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pisciarelli di Agnano, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Massicot

Formula: PbO

ⓘ Matlockite

Formula: PbFCl

Localities:

ⓘ Matteuccite (TL)

Formula: NaHSO4 · H2O

Description: occured on lavas from 1933

ⓘ Meionite (TL)

Formula: Ca4Al6Si6O24CO3

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Melanothallite (TL)

Formula: Cu2Cl2O

Description: Occurred in volcanic fumaroles in eruption of 1868.

ⓘ Melanterite ?

Formula: Fe2+(H2O)6SO4 · H2O

ⓘ 'Melilite Group'

Formula: Ca2M(XSiO7)

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

Description: All "melilite" reports in the literature are referable to minerals in the åkermanite-gehlenite series.

ⓘ Mendozite ?

Formula: NaAl(SO4)2 · 11H2O

ⓘ Mercallite (TL)

Formula: KHSO4

ⓘ Mereiterite ?

Formula: K2Fe(SO4)2 · 4H2O

References:

ⓘ Merlinoite

Formula: (K,Na)5(Ca,Ba)2Al9Si23O64 · 23H2O

Localities:

San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Trapolino Quarry (Cava Nuova), Somma Vesuviana, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno Amendolare, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Mesolite

Formula: Na2Ca2Si9Al6O30 · 8H2O

ⓘ Metavoltine

Formula: K2Na6Fe2+Fe3+6O2(SO4)12 · 18H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Mica Group'

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Microcline

Formula: K(AlSi3O8)

ⓘ Microcline var. Hyalophane

Formula: (K,Ba)[Al(Si,Al)Si2O8]

ⓘ Microsommite (TL)

Formula: Na4K2Ca2(Al6Si6O24)(SO4)Cl2

Localities:

Cupa dell'Olivella, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vitiello Quarry (Cava Vitiello), Terzigno, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Millerite

Formula: NiS

ⓘ Mimetite

Formula: Pb5(AsO4)3Cl

Localities:

ⓘ Mirabilite

Formula: Na2SO4 · 10H2O

Localities:

Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Misenite (TL)

Formula: K8H6(SO4)7

Localities:

Grotta dello Zolfo (Grotta di Allume), Miseno, Bacoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Phlegrean Fields Volcanic Complex, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Habit: Monoclin

Colour: Orange

Description: Occurred as a transient efflorescence in a fumarole.

ⓘ Mitscherlichite (TL)

Formula: K2CuCl4 · 2H2O

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: Occurred in stalactites on the floor of the crater.

ⓘ Molybdenite

Formula: MoS2

ⓘ Molysite (TL)

Formula: FeCl3

Description: Found as a sublimate in active volcanic fumaroles.

ⓘ 'Monazite Group'

Formula: REE(PO4)

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Phlegrean Fields Volcanic Complex, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Monte Epomeo, Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Monazite Supergroup'

Formula: MTO4, where M = LREE, Th, Ca, Bi; T = P, As, Si

References:

ⓘ Montesommaite (TL)

Formula: (K,Na)9Al9Si23O64 · 10H2O

Localities:

Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Trapolino Quarry (Cava Nuova), Somma Vesuviana, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno Amendolare, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy ? (more information)

ⓘ Monticellite (TL)

Formula: CaMgSiO4

Type Locality:

ⓘ Mordenite

Formula: (Na2,Ca,K2)4(Al8Si40)O96 · 28H2O

ⓘ Mottramite

Formula: PbCu(VO4)(OH)

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Camaldoli della Torre, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Oncino lava flow (Uncino lava flow), Torre Annunziata, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: The material termed "Vesbine" occurred as coatings on lava.

ⓘ Mullite

Formula: Al4+2xSi2-2xO10-x

ⓘ Muscovite

Formula: KAl2(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

ⓘ Muscovite var. Illite

Formula: K0.65Al2.0[Al0.65Si3.35O10](OH)2

ⓘ Nahcolite (TL)

Formula: NaHCO3

ⓘ Napoliite (TL)

Formula: Pb2OFCl

Type Locality:

Description: From fumarole in 1944 eruption.

References:

Kasatkin, Anatoly V., Siidra, Oleg I., Nestola, Fabrizio, Pekov, Igor V., Agakhanov, Atali A., Koshlyakova, Natalia N., Chukanov, Nikita V., Nazarchuk, Evgeny V., Molinari, Simone, Rossi, Manuela (2023) Napoliite, Pb2OFCl, a new mineral from Vesuvius volcano, and its relationship with dimorphous rumseyite. Mineralogical Magazine, 87 (5) 711-718 doi:10.1180/mgm.2023.43

ⓘ Natrite

Formula: Na2CO3

ⓘ Natrochalcite

Formula: NaCu2(SO4)2(OH) · 2H2O

References:

ⓘ Natrolite

Formula: Na2Al2Si3O10 · 2H2O

ⓘ 'Natrolite Subgroup'

ⓘ Natron

Formula: Na2CO3 · 10H2O

Description: Occurred as an efflorescence on lava.

ⓘ Nepheline (TL)

Formula: Na3K(Al4Si4O16)

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Nickenichite ?

Formula: Na0.8Ca0.4Cu0.4(Mg,Fe)3(AsO4)3

Description: From fumaroles of 1944 eruption. Very probable. Preliminary determination based on SEM-EDS analysis, mineral colour and morphology only.

ⓘ Norbergite

Formula: Mg3(SiO4)F2

Description: The norbergite is usually colorless or yellowish and was usually found in sugary marble, often in a paragenesis with calcite, dolomite, geikielite, "mica", pyrrhotite, gem spinel and rare molybdenite. Norbergite can co-exist with chondrodite, even within the same crystal cavity.

References:

Gilg, H. A., Lima, A., Somma, R., Belkin, H. E., De Vivo, B., & Ayuso, R. A. (2001). Isotope geochemistry and fluid inclusion study of skarns from Vesuvius. Mineralogy and Petrology, 73(1-3), 145-176.

ⓘ Opal

Formula: SiO2 · nH2O

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Opal var. Opal-C

Formula: SiO2 · nH2O

ⓘ Orpiment

Formula: As2S3

Localities:

Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy ? (more information)
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy ? (more information)

Description: Previously considered doubtful, it is confirmed from fumaroles of 1906 eruption (Russo & Campostrini, 2022).

ⓘ Orthoclase

Formula: K(AlSi3O8)

ⓘ Osumilite

Formula: K◻2Fe2+2Al3[Al2Si10O30]

ⓘ Osumilite-(Mg)

Formula: K◻2Mg2Al3[Al2Si10O30]

References:

Balassone, Giuseppina, Mormone, Angela, Rossi, Manuela, Bernardi, Alessandro, Fisch, Martin, Armbruster, Thomas, Malsy, Anna, Kathrin Berger, Alfons (2008) Crystal chemical and structural characterization of an Mg-rich osumilite from Vesuvius volcano (Italy) European Journal of Mineralogy, 20 (5) 713-720 doi:10.1127/0935-1221/2008/0020-1839

ⓘ Palmierite (TL)

Formula: K2Pb(SO4)2

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: Occurred in fumarole deposits after the eruptions of 1906 and 1919.

ⓘ Panunzite (TL)

Formula: (K,Na)AlSiO4

Type Locality:

ⓘ Paradimorphite (TL)

Formula: As4S3

Type Locality:

ⓘ Pararealgar

Formula: As4S4

Description: degradation of realgar at Bocca Grande and Bocca Nuova fumaroles

ⓘ Parascandolaite (TL)

Formula: KMgF3

Localities:

ⓘ Paratacamite

Formula: Cu3(Cu,Zn)(OH)6Cl2

Localities:

Description: Occurs as an alteration of tenorite in fumaroles.

ⓘ Pargasite

Formula: NaCa2(Mg4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Periclase (TL)

Formula: MgO

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno di Pollena, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno Amendolare, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Periclase var. Ferropericlase

Formula: (Mg,Fe)O

ⓘ Perovskite

Formula: CaTiO3

ⓘ Pertlikite ?

Formula: K2(Fe2+,Mg)2Mg4Fe3+2Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O

ⓘ Phillipsite-K

Formula: (K,Na,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] . 12H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Phillipsite-Na

Formula: (Na,K,Ca0.5,Ba0.5)4-7[Al4-7Si12-9O32] · 12H2O

ⓘ 'Phillipsite Subgroup'

Localities:

Cupa dell'Olivella, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Phlogopite

Formula: KMg3(AlSi3O10)(OH)2

Localities: Reported from at least 13 localities in this region.

ⓘ Phoenicochroite

Formula: Pb2(CrO4)O

Localities:

ⓘ Pickeringite

Formula: MgAl2(SO4)4 · 22H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Picromerite (TL)

Formula: K2Mg(SO4)2 · 6H2O

ⓘ Piypite

Formula: K4Cu4O2(SO4)4 · (Na,Cu)Cl

ⓘ 'Plagioclase'

Formula: (Na,Ca)[(Si,Al)AlSi2]O8

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Polyhalite

Formula: K2Ca2Mg(SO4)4 · 2H2O

ⓘ Portlandite

Formula: Ca(OH)2

ⓘ Potassic-ferro-pargasite

Formula: KCa2(Fe2+4Al)(Si6Al2)O22(OH)2

References:

Barberi, F., Bizouard, H., Clocchiatti, R., Metrich, N., Santacroce, R., Sbrana, A. (1981): The Somma-Vesuvius magma chamber: a petrological and volcanological approach. Bulletin of Volcanology, 44, 295-315

ⓘ Potassic-fluoro-richterite (TL)

Formula: {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}(Si8O22)(F,OH)2

ⓘ Potassic-richterite

Formula: {K}{CaNa}{Mg5}Si8O22(OH)2

ⓘ Potassic-sadanagaite

Formula: {K}{Ca2}{Mg3Al2}(Al3Si5O22)(OH)2

ⓘ 'Proidonite'

Formula: SiF4

Description: Emitted as a gas during the 1872 eruption.

References:

ⓘ Pseudobrookite

Formula: Fe2TiO5

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno Amendolare, Sant'Anastasia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Trapolino Quarry (Cava Nuova), Somma Vesuviana, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Le Novelle Quarry, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Pseudocotunnite (TL)

Formula: K2PbCl4

Description: Occurred in active volcanic fumaroles in the 1872 and 1906 eruptions.

ⓘ Pyrite

Formula: FeS2

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group'

Formula: A2Nb2(O,OH)6Z

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Group var. Calciobetafite (of Mazzi & Munno)'

Formula: (Ca,Na)2(Nb,Ti)2(O,OH)7

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Supergroup'

Formula: A2-mD2X6-wZ1-n

ⓘ 'Pyrochlore Supergroup var. Betafite (of Hogarth 1977)'

Formula: (Ca,Na,U)2(Ti, Nb,Ta)2O6Z(OH)

ⓘ Pyromorphite

Formula: Pb5(PO4)3Cl

References:

ⓘ 'Pyroxene Group'

Formula: ADSi2O6

Localities:

Torregaveta, Bacoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vallone di San Sebastiano, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno Macedonia, Somma Vesuviana, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Pyrrhotite

Formula: Fe1-xS

Localities: Reported from at least 6 localities in this region.

ⓘ Quadridavyne (TL)

Formula: (Na,K)6Ca2(Al6Si6O24)Cl4

ⓘ Quartz

Formula: SiO2

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Realgar

Formula: As4S4

Localities:

Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Habit: prismatic elongated crystals up to 2 mm, grains and patina

Colour: red

Description: associated to sal ammoniac at Bocca Grande and Bocca Nuova fumaroles; it degrade to pararealgar

ⓘ Rhomboclase

Formula: (H5O2)Fe3+(SO4)2 · 2H2O

ⓘ Rinkite-(Ce)

Formula: (Ca3Ce)Na(NaCa)Ti(Si2O7)2(OF)F2

References:

ⓘ Rinneite

Formula: K3Na[FeCl6]

ⓘ Römerite

Formula: Fe2+Fe3+2(SO4)4 · 14H2O

ⓘ Rosenbergite ?

Formula: AlF[F0.5(H2O)0.5]4 · H2O

Description: From fumaroles of 1944 eruption. Very probable. Preliminary determination based on SEM-EDS analysis, mineral colour and morphology only.

ⓘ Rosenbuschite

Formula: Na6Ca6Zr3Ti(Si2O7)4O2F6

References:

Di Vito, M., Lirer, L., Mastrolorenzo, G., & Rolandi, G. (1987). The 1538 Monte Nuovo eruption (Campi Flegrei, Italy). Bulletin of Volcanology, 49(4), 608-615.

Ricci, T., Barberi, F., Davis, M. S., Isaia, R., & Nave, R. (2013). Volcanic risk perception in the Campi Flegrei area. Journal of Volcanology and Geothermal Research, 254, 118-130.

ⓘ Russoite (TL)

Formula: (NH4)ClAs2O3(H2O)0.5

Type Locality:

References:

Campostrini, Italo, Demartin, Francesco, Scavini, Marco (2019) Russoite, NH4ClAs23+O3(H2O)0.5, a new phylloarsenite mineral from Solfatara Di Pozzuoli, Napoli, Italy. Mineralogical Magazine, 83 (1) 89-94 doi:10.1180/minmag.2017.081.097

ⓘ Rutile

Formula: TiO2

ⓘ Salammoniac

Formula: NH4Cl

Localities:

Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: at Bocca Grande and Bocca Nuova fumaroles

ⓘ Sanidine

Formula: K(AlSi3O8)

Localities: Reported from at least 29 localities in this region.

ⓘ Sarcolite (TL)

Formula: Na4Ca12Al8Si12O46(SiO4,PO4)(OH,H2O)4(CO3,Cl)

Localities:

ⓘ Sassolite

Formula: H3BO3

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Atrio del Cavallo, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Sbacchiite (TL)

Formula: Ca2AlF7

Localities:

Fumarole B5 ("Cotunnite pit"), Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Scacchite (TL)

Formula: MnCl2

Description: Occurred as a deliquescent salt in volcanic fumaroles.

ⓘ Scheelite

Formula: Ca(WO4)

ⓘ Scolecite

Formula: CaAl2Si3O10 · 3H2O

ⓘ Selenium

Formula: Se

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Grotta dello Zolfo (Grotta di Allume), Miseno, Bacoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Sellaite

Formula: MgF2

Localities:

Description: Found in ejecta blocks with anhydrite.

ⓘ Senarmontite ?

Formula: Sb2O3

ⓘ Siderazot

Formula: FeNx to Fe3N1.33

Localities:

San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno di Pollena, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy ? (more information)

ⓘ Siderite

Formula: FeCO3

Localities:

Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Procida Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Smectite Group'

Formula: A0.3D2-3[T4O10]Z2 · nH2O

ⓘ Sodalite

Formula: Na4(Si3Al3)O12Cl

Localities: Reported from at least 19 localities in this region.

ⓘ Sphalerite

Formula: ZnS

Localities:

Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno di Pollena, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Spinel

Formula: MgAl2O4

Localities: Reported from at least 12 localities in this region.

ⓘ Spinel var. Pleonaste

Formula: (Mg,Fe)Al2O4

ⓘ Starovaite

Formula: KCu5O(VO4)3

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Oncino lava flow (Uncino lava flow), Torre Annunziata, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Stilbite Subgroup'

Formula: M6-7[Al8-9Si27-28O72] · nH2O

ⓘ 'Sulfurite'

Formula: S

ⓘ 'Sulfurite var. Arsensulfurite'

Formula: (S,As)8

ⓘ Sulphur

Formula: S8

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Sylvite (TL)

Formula: KCl

Localities:

Description: Occurs in volcanic fumaroles with halite and in stalactites in the crater associated with gypsum, metavoltine and mitscherlichite.

ⓘ Syngenite

Formula: K2Ca(SO4)2 · H2O

Description: In cavities in an ejecta block during the 1906 eruption.

References:

ⓘ Tamarugite

Formula: NaAl(SO4)2 · 6H2O

Localities:

Grotta dello Zolfo (Grotta di Allume), Miseno, Bacoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pisciarelli di Agnano, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Antiniana (Scarfoglio), Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Tenorite (TL)

Formula: CuO

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles on eastern crater rim, Ottaviano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Boscotrecase thermal area ("Tenorite pit"), Boscotrecase, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Camaldoli della Torre, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

Description: Occurs at volcanic fumaroles.

ⓘ Thaumasite

Formula: Ca3(SO4)[Si(OH)6](CO3) · 12H2O

ⓘ Thénardite

Formula: Na2SO4

Localities:

ⓘ Thermessaite

Formula: K2AlF3(SO4)

References:

ⓘ Thermonatrite

Formula: Na2CO3 · H2O

ⓘ Thomsonite-Ca

Formula: NaCa2[Al5Si5O20] · 6H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 9 localities in this region.

ⓘ Thorianite

Formula: ThO2

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Trapolino Quarry (Cava Nuova), Somma Vesuviana, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Lagno di Pollena, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Montone Quarry, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ 'Thorianite-Uraninite Series'

References:

ⓘ Thorite

Formula: Th(SiO4)

Localities:

Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pollena quarries, Pollena Trocchia, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Torregaveta, Bacoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Monte Epomeo, Ischia Island, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Titanite

Formula: CaTi(SiO4)O

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Tondiite (TL)

Formula: Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2

Type Locality:

References:

Malcherek, T., Bindi, L., Dini, M., Ghiara, M. R., Molina Donoso, A., Nestola, F., Rossi, M., Schlüter, J. (2014): Tondiite, Cu3Mg(OH)6Cl2, the Mg-analogue of herbertsmithite. Mineralogical Magazine 78, 583-590.

ⓘ Topsøeite ?

Formula: FeF[F0.5(H2O)0.5]4 · H2O

Description: From fumaroles of 1920 eruption. Very probable. Preliminary determination based on SEM-EDS analysis and mineral colour only.

ⓘ Tremolite

Formula: ◻Ca2Mg5(Si8O22)(OH)2

ⓘ Tridymite

Formula: SiO2

Description: found in an ejectum of the 1822-eruption

ⓘ Trona

Formula: Na3H(CO3)2 · 2H2O

ⓘ Tschermakite

Formula: ◻(Ca2)(Mg3Al2)(Al2Si6O22)(OH)2

ⓘ Tschermigite

Formula: (NH4)Al(SO4)2 · 12H2O

Localities:

Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
"Bocca Grande" fumarole, Solfatara di Pozzuoli, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Pisciarelli di Agnano, Pozzuoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Tsumebite

Formula: Pb2Cu(PO4)(SO4)(OH)

References:

ⓘ 'UM2022-01-O:CaUTiW'

Formula: Ca-U-Ti-W-O

ⓘ 'UM2022-02-F:CaMgAl'

Description: From fumaroles of 1944 eruption.

ⓘ 'UM2022-03-F:CaAl'

Description: From fumaroles of 1920 eruption.

ⓘ Uraninite

Formula: UO2

ⓘ Usovite

Formula: Ba2CaMgAl2F14

Localities:

ⓘ Valentinite ?

Formula: Sb2O3

ⓘ Vanadinite

Formula: Pb5(VO4)3Cl

Localities:

Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Camaldoli della Torre, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Vaterite

Formula: CaCO3

ⓘ Vermiculite

Formula: Mg0.7(Mg,Fe,Al)6(Si,Al)8O20(OH)4 · 8H2O

ⓘ Verneite (TL)

Formula: Na2Ca3Al2F14

ⓘ 'Vesbine'

Description: According to Balassone et al. (2019), the yellow-grenish concretions and incrustations of "vesbine", a substance described for the first time by Scacchi (1879) on the so-called lava of 1631 eruption, have a non-constant composition: the more common concretions and incrustations, that show a texture with a distinct colloform growth banding, are composed of mottramite and chrysocolla plus vanadinite (the presence of microcrystals of the rare vanadate starovaite in association with mottramite+chrysocolla+atacamite is also reported); volborthite incrustations are more rare and, at least in the analyzed material, appear at SEM scale as platy crystals of ca. 10 μm in length.

ⓘ Vesuvianite (TL)

Formula: Ca19Fe3+Al4(Al6Mg2)(◻4)◻[Si2O7]4[(SiO4)10]O(OH)9

Localities: Reported from at least 14 localities in this region.

ⓘ Villiaumite

Formula: NaF

Description: From fumaroles of 1944 eruption.

ⓘ Volborthite

Formula: Cu3(V2O7)(OH)2 · 2H2O

Localities:

ⓘ Voltaite (TL)

Formula: K2Fe2+5Fe3+3Al(SO4)12 · 18H2O

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ Vonsenite

Formula: Fe2+2Fe3+(BO3)O2

Localities: Reported from at least 10 localities in this region.

ⓘ Vonsenite var. Breislakite

ⓘ Wagnerite

Formula: Mg2(PO4)F

Description: Occurred with apatite in lava of 1872.

References:

**Palache, Charles, Berman, Harry, Frondel, Clifford (1951) The System of Mineralogy (7th ed.) Vol. 2 - Halides, Nitrates, Borates, Carbonates, Sulfates, Phosphates, Arsenates, Tungstates, Molybdates, Ect. John Wiley and Sons, New York.**p.847

ⓘ Wöhlerite

Formula: Na2Ca4ZrNb(Si2O7)2O3F

Localities:

ⓘ Wollastonite

Formula: Ca3(Si3O9)

Localities: Reported from at least 7 localities in this region.

ⓘ 'Wollastonite-1A'

Formula: CaSiO3

ⓘ 'Wollastonite-2M'

Formula: CaSiO3

ⓘ Wulfenite

Formula: Pb(MoO4)

Localities:

San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Vesuvius, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Villa Inglese quarries, Torre del Greco, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Vesuvius fumaroles, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Yavapaiite

Formula: KFe(SO4)2

ⓘ Zeophyllite

Formula: Ca13Si10O28(OH)2F8 · 6H2O

ⓘ Zharchikhite ?

Formula: AlF(OH)2

Description: From fumaroles of 1944 eruption. Very probable. Preliminary determination based on SEM-EDS analysis, mineral colour and morphology only.

ⓘ Zircon

Formula: Zr(SiO4)

Localities: Reported from at least 8 localities in this region.

ⓘ Zirconolite

Formula: CaZrTi2O7

Localities:

Monte di Procida, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Mount Somma, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Le Novelle Quarry, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
San Vito Quarry, San Vito, Ercolano, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy
Torregaveta, Bacoli, Metropolitan City of Naples, Campania, Italy

ⓘ Zirkelite

Formula: (Ti,Ca,Zr)O2-x