Croatia Research Papers - Academia.edu (original) (raw)

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- Archaeology, Geology, Palaeolithic Archaeology, Vertebrate Palaeontology
- by Dragan Damjanovic
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- Art History, Art, Architecture, Nineteenth Century Studies

"Our volume brings together twelve essay, covering a wide period for the perception of Dalmatia -- from the sixteenth to the mid-twentieth centuries – and from various perspectives and through various media.... Together, the essays in this volume create a rich collage of fragments, telling a story of the multi-layered heritage of Dalmatia, which only expands and mul- tiplies through further research. These are fragments connected through time, over various disciplines and media; they are linked by a desire for travel, dialogue, and above all for the sightlines and perspectives of the “other” gaze – so that Dalmatia might be experienced as a component in a shared cultural heritage, whose currents and threads touch and intertwine, just like the research of the authors whose work this book brings together." -- Ana Šverko, "Preface: A Collage of Fragments"

- by Katrina O'Loughlin and +2
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- Travel Writing, Women's Studies, Middle East Studies, Women's travel narratives

Tijelo kao film | Body as Film | Body and Sexuality in Short Feature Film; Retrospective at Croatian Film Days 2015 curated by Željko Luketić. Featuring works from Ante Babaja, Miroslav Mikuljan, Mišo Budisavljević, Neven Korda, Tomislav... more

- by Zeljko Luketic
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- Gender Studies, Film Studies, Sexuality, Masculine Sexuality

Consideration of conceptions about music and music-making practice in the Independent State of Croatia and in the National Liberation Movement shows the ways in which different worldviews have been implemented at the field of music and the ways of constructing communities through a certain model of music-making. The discourses on traditional, popular and art music have been analyzed, as well as attitudes towards homogeneity and heterogeneity of various genres in various types of public performances. Conceptions from the period of World War II are compared with contemporary conceptions.
Sažetak: Kroz razmatranje koncepcija o glazbi i prakse glazbovanja u NDH i NOP pokazuje se kako se željeni svjetonazori provode na području glazba te kakav se čovjek i kakve zajednice stvaraju provođenjem željenih modela glazbovanja. Analizira se diskurz o međuodnosu tradicijske, popularne i umjetničke glazbe, o srodnosti i različitosti u odnosu na druge, o stilskoj i žanrovskoj homogenosti i heterogenosti, o glazbovanju u svečanim prigodama i u svakodnevici. Ondašnje se koncepcije uspoređuju s današnjima.

- by Naila Ceribašić / Ceribasic
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- Music, Second World War, Croatia, Hrvatska

The book focuses on the breakup of the Yugoslav Federation and wars that followed viewed through the comic art in the local and international press. War propaganda and political discourse are examined and placed in the larger historical context of this conflict. The study reveals that Yugoslav cartoonists anticipated, as early as 1984, the disintegration of the country and were forecasting armed conflict in 1989. Using print media and comic art as a primary source of investigation, the author has presented the mental representation of the war as seen in press cartoons, both chronologically and thematically. A representative sampling of some 400 cartoons (out of a database of almost 7’500) and dozens of interviews undertaken with political cartoonists in the 1990s are quoted in the book as a primary source.

- by Goran Jovanovic
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- Media and Cultural Studies, Balkan Studies, International Security, Kosovo

Before the former Yugoslavia was divided by wars, its inhabitants successfully lived side by side in peace. This collection seeks to explain how former neighbors became enemies, with the hope that understanding what drove these peoples apart will help us discover ways for them to coexist in peace again.Contributors analyze political cartoons, psychiatry, the arts, visual media, and law to present a diversity of views on the conflicts in Yugoslavia. While the chapters in this book deal with regional developments, they are not so much focused on politics as they are concerned with how values and attitudes are altered and new identities formed. Thus, this volume goes beyond recent journalistic accounts and should remain relevant for years to come.This book began as a special issue of the journal Anthropology of East Europe Review. Most of the contributors to that issue have revised their chapters for this collection, and new chapters have been added, including one on the recent war in Kosovo. Essays range across all of former Yugoslavia, emphasizing the variability and diversity of ethnic relations throughout its history: Joel M. Halpern & David A. Kideckel (eds.)

- by Goran Jovanovic
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- Caricature (Visual Studies), Media and Cultural Studies, Comics Studies, Kosovo

The subject of this paper is to analyze current development of golf tourism in Croatia, and determine the limitations of its development. The main aim of this article is on the bases of case studies of planned golf course projects in three different tourist destinations: Varazdinske
Toplice, Dubrovnik and the island of Cres, determine the reasons why is development of golf tourism in Croatia still in its initial phase. Although Croatia is Mediterranean country, with only five golf courses it lags behind other receptive tourism countries in the region. Hypothesis of this
paper states, that for development of golf tourism it is not enough to create optimistic development plans, as it was planned in the Croatian Tourism Development Strategy 2020 which mentions the construction of 30 golf courses until year 2020. On the other hand, development of
golf tourism needs to be based on the concept of sustainable development, takin into consideration its t ree principles (social, environm ental and economic sustainability). Principle of sustainable development requires a precise and argumented study for each golf project in a specific tourist destination taking into consideration all market, economic, ecologic, socio-cultural and other aspects.

- by Petra Barišić and +2
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- Golf Course Management, Croatia, Golf, Golf Tourism

In this article for Just Security, the authors explain how the EU institutions (European Commission and External Action Service) and the US are pressing forward with a package assembled by Enlargement Commissioner Oliver Varhelyi, which not only continues their pursuit of electoral law and constitutional changes which would reinforce the power and unaccountability of Bosnia and Herzegovina's political elites, but also put huge swathes of BiH land up for natural asset stripping. In addition, genocide denial and war crimes glorification criminal sanctions imposed by High Representative Valentin Inzko would be on the chopping block. These moves reward allied politicians Milorad Dodik and Dragan Covic, who have jointly driven the ongoing crisis in BiH.

- by Marko Martinac
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- Schizophrenia, Suicide, Medicine, Comorbidity

Renal anemia is the result of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and deteriorates with disease progression. Anemia may be the first sign of kidney disease. In all patients with anemia and CKD, diagnostic evaluation is required. Prior to diagnosing renal anemia, it is necessary to eliminate the other possible causes. Direct correlation between the concentration of hemoglobin and the stage of renal failure is well known. Early development of anemia is common in diabetic patients. Correction of anemia may slow the progression of CKD. Anemia is an independent risk factor for developing cardiovascular disease in patients with CKD. Treatment of anemia in patients with CKD is based on current guidelines. Recently, the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) group has produced comprehensive clinical practice guidelines for the management of anemia in CKD patients and ERBP (European Renal Best Practice) group its position statement and comments on the KDIGO guidelines. The Croatian Socie...

- by Marko Jakić
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- Nephrology, Evidence Based Medicine, Medicine, Humans

Medical Education 2010: 44: 387–395Context Elective courses are a significant part of undergraduate medical education throughout the world, but the value provided by these courses and the reasons for choosing particular elective courses have not been studied extensively.Objectives The aim of this study was to investigate medical and dental students’ experiences of elective courses in undergraduate medical education in Croatia and to gather students’ recommendations for the improvement of elective courses.Methods Medical and dental students studying under the Bologna curriculum were given a questionnaire in which they were asked for their opinions of elective courses and their suggestions as to how they might be improved. Data on elective courses were obtained from medical schools’ administrative offices.Results The survey response rate was 92% (834/903). Medical students gave elective courses an average grade of 3.44 out of 5, whereas dental students gave a lower average of 3.15. Students’ suggestions for change included introducing more practical work and recognising international student exchanges and attendance at conferences as elective options. A third of students indicated that teachers should be given additional training in leading elective courses. Analysis of the curriculum showed that elective courses in Croatian medical schools are very heterogeneous in terms of their content and the number of credits and assessment methods they involve, and are very conservative in that only structured courses are offered. Students cannot design their own courses or take more elective courses than represent 10% of their total number of credits.Conclusions Student opinion should be consulted when medical schools venture into the elective curriculum so that students can feel that they are really benefiting from these subjects. Students would welcome new and personally designed strands. Elective courses are a significant part of medical education and therefore their quality and purpose need to be assessed regularly in order to ensure that they meet students’ needs.

- by Damir Sapunar
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- Education, Medical Education, Public Health, Teaching

To describe the contribution of forensic anthropology to the recovery, analysis, and identification of victims from the 1991-1995 war in Croatia recovered in wells. From 1996 to the present, human remains of a total of 61 individuals have been recovered from 13 wells. Six wells contained the remains of a single individual, one well contained the remains of 2 individuals, and 6 wells contained the remains 3 or more individuals. The majority of wells, containing 90.2% (55/61) of recovered individuals, were located within a 4 km radius of the Croatian-Serbian border. Forensic anthropologists re-individualized 26/61 (42.6%) individuals out of skeletonized and commingled remains, provided basic biological data on sex, age-at-death, and stature in all identifications (n=37), as well as established positive identification by recognizing unique skeletal features (antemortem fractures and skeletal evidence of antemortem surgical interventions) in 3/37 (8.1%) cases. Trauma analyses carried ou...

- by Vlasta Vyroubal
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- Forensic Anthropology, War, Humans, Croatia

The effects of implementation WHO/UNICEF Breastfeeding Hospital Initiative (BFHI) and community postnatal support on breastfeeding rates were examined during and after the breastfeeding promotion campaign in one county of Croatia. Comparison with a control group indicated increase of breastfeeding prevalence in a period of BFHI implementation (1994-1998) - 68% vs. 87% at infant age 1 mo., 30% vs. 54% at 3 mo., 11.5% vs. 28% at 6 mo., and 2% vs. 3.5% at infant age 11-12 mo. (chi-square test, p < 0.05). More considerable increase has been noticed in period 1999-2000 which is characterized by breastfeeding support groups activity: 68% vs. 87% at infant age 1 mo., 30% vs. 66% at 3 mo., 11.5% vs. 49% at 6 mo., and 2% vs. 23% at infant age 11-12 mo. (chi-square test, p < 0.05). Our conclusion is that activities aiming to promote breastfeeding in maternity hospitals have had limited success. They have resulted in satisfactory increase of breastfeeding prevalence in early infant's...

- by Jadranka Bozikov
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- Anthropology, Health Promotion, Social Support, Self Help Groups
- by Lajos Szirovicza
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- Social Change, Anthropology, Population Genetics, Quality of life
- by Ivana Galinovic
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- Anthropology, Confidence, Medical Students, Humans

U knjizi su predstavljeni rezultati prvoga znanstvenog istraživanja uzroka i posljedica te obilježja novijih iseljavanja Hrvata u Saveznu Republiku Njemačku. Istraživanje je provedeno u Njemačkoj među hrvatskim iseljenicima koji su se iselili u razdoblju od priključenja Hrvatske EU-u, i to na uzorku od 1200 ispitanika.
Prema percepciji samih iseljenika, glavni motivi za iseljavanje nisu ekonomski. Analiza stajališta iseljenika pokazala je kako hrvatski iseljenici imaju predodžbu da u Hrvatskoj nisu institucionalizirane vrijednosti radne etike i uopće poštenja te smatraju da se hrvatsko društvo moralno slomilo.
Hrvati se stoga iseljavaju zbog nepravde, a ne zbog siromaštva. Naša istraživanja pokazuju jasnu vezu između političke etike, slabih institucija i iseljavanja. Nemoral političkih elita, pravna nesigurnost, nepotizam i korupcija svakako su među glavnim razlozima za iseljavanje. Iseljeni Hrvati svojim odlaskom nedvojbeno kažnjavaju loše politike i političare, no – ne htijući to – kažnjavaju zapravo i sve koji ostaju.
Dok se Hrvatska socijalno, moralno i gospodarski lomi, u populacijski oslabljenoj Njemačkoj Hrvati su i više nego dobrodošli jer je cijena njihova uključivanja u njemačko društvo vrlo mala ili nikakva što pak nije slučaj s useljenicima iz drugih kultura. Sa svakim iseljenim Hrvatom Hrvatska ne gubi samo svoj socijalni kapital, mogućnost biološke obnove društva i kapital uložen u njihovo obrazovanje nego nastaje i visok trošak integracije useljenika koji će doći na njihovo mjesto.
Migracije nikada nisu interesno neutralne i ne događaju se slučajno, nego se proizvode. Dok Njemačka usisava Hrvate, odgovor je hrvatske države slab ili gotovo nikakav. U BiH svjedočimo vrlo vjerojatno povijesnom odlasku Hrvata nakon kojega više nema povratka. Očito je riječ o strateškom pomicanju hrvatskog naroda iz etnički hrvatskih krajeva u etnički njemačke krajeve. Svjedočimo zapravo velikoj seobi hrvatskog naroda.

- by Tado Jurić
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- Demography, Migration, Democratization, Croatian History

In a cross-sectional study of growth, 5,155 children (2,591 females, 2,564 males) from the town of Zagreb (Croatia) were measured. Four traits of linear dimensionality (stature, sitting height, arm and leg lengths) were studied in the age span of 3 to 18 years. A significant average annual increase of all four anthropometric parameters were observed up to 14 and 15 years of age in girls and 16 years of age in boys, showing that girls had a shorter growing period. In the prepubertal period until 9 years of age, gender differences were negligible. At the age of 10, boys were overgrown by girls in all parameters due to the earlier onset of puberty in girls. The growth gains for girls, when compared with those for boys, show a different pattern across variables. The female growth advantage remained in a two years period for the limbs length, but in a three year period for stature and the longest, for 4 years, for sitting height. The male predominance in size had an onset at the age of 1...

- by Jasna Hrenović
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- Anthropology, Child Development, Anthropometry, Adolescent
- by Eugene Kobyliansky
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- Anthropology, Population Genetics, Adolescent, Humans
- by Ana Grgic
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- Croatia, Post/Yugoslav space, History of Croatian Cinema, Small National Cinemas
- by N. Sartorius
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- Psychiatry, Eastern Europe, Bulgaria, Medicine

The complicated everyday life in Croatia during the second year of the First World War (1915) is impossible to present in one article due to limited space and the general lack of research on this topic. Therefore, the authors have decided to show a slice of life in Croatia through several selected events that they believe to have been especially significant for that year of the war. They explain how 1915 differed from the previous year and the next.
Key words: First World War, 1915, Croatia, everyday life during the war, humanitarian organisations, providing for the wounded, providing for soldiers' families.

- by Vijoleta Herman Kaurić
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- Croatian History, First World War, Everyday Life, Croatia
- by Igor Rudan
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- Medical Genetics, Humans, Biomedical Research, Croatia

Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a major chronic respiratory disease because of its prevalence, its impacts on the quality of life, economic burden and links with asthma. A significant relationship between the severity of rhinitis and prevalence of asthma in allergic patients was found both in patients suffering from seasonal rhinitis and in those suffering from perennial-allergic rhinitis (PAR) and asthma. The aim of the study was to investigate allergy phenotypes in patients with intermittent allergic rhinitis (IAR) and persistent allergic rhinitis (PAR) in residents of Zagreb, and to determine if there were any other differences in the clinical (in vivo) and diagnostic (in vitro) presentations of the phenotype of subjects suffering from different types of rhinitis. 205 subjects were divided into 2 groups, 102 with IAR sensitized to ragweed pollen (Ambrosia elatior) and 103 with PAR sensitized to house dust mites (Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus and Dermatophagoides farinae). The diagnosi...

- by Zarko Vrbica
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- Asthma, Adolescent, Medicine, Humans

The aim of this study was to investigate the dietary habits of the adult Croatian population according to geographical regions and gender. Date was obtained from the Croatian Adult Health Survey questionnaire, carried out in six regions of Republic of Croatia (Eastern, Northern, Central, City of Zagreb, Mountainous and Coastal), with a total of 9,070 responses. Results have shown that the highest prevalence of unhealthy dietary habits was recorded in Eastern and Central regions, while Coastal region and city of Zagreb had significantly lower prevalence of unhealthy dietary habits (P < 0.05). Prevalence of unhealthy dietary habits was higher in men in all regions. Women had healthier dietary habits, what was strongly expressed in Coastal and Mountainous region. This study has shown that the unhealthy dietary habits were practiced by approximately one quarter of the adult population, regardless on the region in which they resided. Regional differences in dietary habits should be ta...

- by Jasna Pucarin-cvetković and +1
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- Anthropology, Risk, Public Health, Humans

BACKGROUND: Metabolic syndrome and other cardiovascular risk factors are highly prevalent in people with schizophrenia. Metabolic syndrome can contribute to significant morbidity and premature mortality and should be accounted for in the treatment of mental disorders. Along with results of numerous investigations regarding metabolic syndrome, different issues have occurred. The aim of this article is to review literature regarding diagnostic and treatment of metabolic syndrome and point at some issues regarding diagnostic and treatment of metabolic syndrome in patients with psychotic disorders and in general population. CONTENT ANALYSIS OF LITERATURE: Literature research included structured searches of Medline and other publications on the subject of metabolic syndrome, particularly diagnostic and treatment of metabolic syndrome in patients with psychotic disorders and in general population. CONCLUSION: Despite numerous investigations of metabolic syndrome, many issues remain unclea...

- by Miro Jakovljević
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- Schizophrenia, Comorbidity, Humans, Croatia

The purpose of this paper was to determine the number and trend of hospitalisations caused by carcinoma in the Osijek-Baranja County, to to determine the proportion of these hospitalizations compared to all other hospitalization, as well as to determine the burden put on the hospitals by external patients (those not residing in the Osijek-Baranja County area). There has been an average of 10.1% of hospitalisations caused by carcinoma in the Osijek-Baranja County from 1998 to 2010. In the aforementioned period there have been an average 15.9% days of hospitalisation caused by carcinoma. Patients hospitalised due to carcinoma stay in hospital 5.3 days longer than other patients. The number of hospitalisations as a whole, as well as those due to carcinoma, is rising, while the number of days of hospitalisation per patient is decreasing. The number of hospitalisations which refer to men is slightly higher than for women (51.2%:48.8%). Almost one third of patients hospitalised are not re...

- by Senka Samardzic
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- Anthropology, Health Care, Humans, Hospitalization
- by Lucian Borić
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- History, Archaeology, Art History, Architecture
- by Aleksandar Stulhofer
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- Anthropology, Risk Taking, Adolescent, Homosexuality

U radu se razmatra potencijal iseljeničko-povratničkih socijalnih doznaka za razvitak RH. Socijalne doznake su ideje, vrijednosti i ponašanja koje su iseljenici stekli enkulturacijom i socijalizacijom u zemljama u kojima su živjeli. Riječ je o do sada nevaloriziranom području iseljeničko-povratničkog utjecaja na RH, izvan sfera transfera znanstvenoga znanja ili ekonomskih investicija. Socijalne doznake su ključne za razvitak jer obuhvaćaju kulturne vrijednosti i norme ponašanja koje oblikuju sve aspekte funkcioniranja društva. U konkretnoj povratničkoj priči koja se prezentira u radu, riječ je o socijalnim doznakama povezanima s kulturnim kapitalom, meritokracijom, pravnom državom te profesionalizacijom i transparentnim djelovanjem javnih i državnih institucija.

- by Jasna Capo
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- Migration Studies, Return Migration, Croatia
- by Branimir Hackenberger
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- Zoology, Biodiversity, Animals, Croatia

Background Breast cancer is the commonest cancer of women the world over, and its incidence is rising, especially in developing countries, where the disease poses a major health care challenge. This growing incidence in developing countries reflects the advanced stage at diagnosis, low levels of public awareness of the risk for the disease, and poor medical infrastructure and expertise, with the resultant poor treatment outcomes. Methods This article provides a collective edited summary of the presentations at the symposium titled “Breast Cancer Care in Developing Countries,” held as part of the Breast Surgery International program at the International Surgical week 2007, Montreal, Canada, August 2007. The aim of the presentations was to bring out the diverse clinical pathological and outcomes-related facts of breast cancer care available to women in several countries. As the incidence of breast cancer continues to rise steadily in the developing world, the lack of awareness of this disease and the absence of breast cancer screening programs make it almost certain that the majority of breast cancers are diagnosed at an advanced stage. In addition, the quality of care available for breast cancer patients varies widely according to where the patient is treated. Results Though there are some centers of excellence providing multimodality protocol-based treatment on a par with the best anywhere in the world, most breast cancer patients receive inadequate and inappropriate treatment because of a lack of high-quality infrastructure—and sometimes skills—and, above all, because of limited financial resources. Conclusions In countries where these limitations are present, there is a need to emphasize public health education, promoting early diagnosis. In addition, resources must be directed toward the creation of more public facilities for cancer treatment. As these goals are met, it is likely that there will be a much-needed improvement in breast cancer care in developing countries.

- by Carlos Basurto
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- Surgery, Epidemiology, Health Care, Cancer

Thin-layer chromatography of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) from the continental and Adriatic regions of Croatia showed that 72.2% of propolis samples contain galangin, 88.8% of samples contain kaempferol, naringenin and apigenin and 66.6% of samples contain caffeic acid. Caffeic acid, pinocembrin, galangin, chrysin and naringenin were analyzed by HPLC. In all samples, pinocembrin was the dominant flavonoid. In samples from the Adriatic region, concentration of pinocembrin ranged from 0.03 to 6.14% (x = 2.87%) and in the continental region samples from 0 to 4.74% (x = 2.84%). Chrysin was found in all propolis samples in a concentration ranging from 0.22 to 5.32% (x = 1.86%) in the continental region samples and from 0.03 to 3.64% (x = 1.96%) in samples from the Adriatic region. Chrysin was followed by naringenin, ranging from 0 to 1.14% (x = 0.42%) in samples from the Adriatic region and from 0.22 to 2.41% (x = 0.60%) in the continental region samples. Concentration of caffeic ...

- by Marina Bakmaz
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- Flavonoids, Propolis, Bees, Animals

Od poslijeratne obnove i nacionalizacije, preko stambenog prava u okviru “samoupravnog” tržišnog socijalizma do ponovne “privilegirane” privatizacije, veći se gradovi u Hrvatskoj još uvijek bore s problemom nedostatnog i nedostupnog stambenog fonda. Unatoč prepuštanju stambene politike tržišnim mehanizmima, pitanje “krova nad glavom” nije izgubilo svoj politički značaj.

- by Tamara Buble
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- Urban Planning, Yugoslavia, Housing Policy, Housing Policies

There are a number of approaches to studying medication-taking behavior. Self-report measures have the benefits of being cheap, easy to administer, non-intrusive, and able to provide information on attitudes and beliefs about medication. Potential limitations to self-report are that the ability to understand the items, and willingness to disclose information, can affect response accuracy and, thus, questionnaire validity. A computerized systematic search of the PubMed databases identified articles on scales for medication adherence measuring using the MeSH terms medication adherence, compliance, and persistence combined with the terms questionnaire self-report. Adherence scales have identified mostly in the last few years (2005-2012). One of the main sources has been article (Lavsa et. al) which evaluated literature describing medication adherence surveys/scales to gauge patient behaviors at the point of care. Articles were included if they evaluated or reviewed self-reported adhere...

- by J. Čulig
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- Anthropology, Medication Adherence, Public Health, Humans

The Didactic Wall by the artist Mladen Miljanović is a subversive educational installation that focuses on the issue of migrants, refugees, displaced persons and apatrids, and the difficulties they face when moving towards their desired geographic objective. This is an engaged set of illustrations that address directly those who, in an “illegal” way, are trying to cross national borders to get to their “land of dreams”. The Didactic Wall is a kind of an instruction on how to overcome natural and artificial barriers an “illegal” person on the move may possibly come across.

- by Irfan Hošić
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- Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Bihac, Migrant Crisis

The legal competency or capability to exercise rights is level of judgment and decision-making ability needed to manage one's own affairs and to sign official documents. With some exceptions, the person entitles this right in age of majority. It is acquired without legal procedures, however the annulment of legal capacity requires a juristic process. This resolution may not be final and could be revoked thorough the procedure of reverting legal capacity - fully or partially. Given the increasing number of persons with dementia, they are often subjects of legal expertise concerning their legal capacity. On the other part, emphasis on the civil rights of mentally ill also demands their maximal protection. Therefore such distinctive issue is approached with particular attention. The approach in determination of legal competency is more focused on gradation of it's particular aspects instead of existing dual concept: legally capable - legally incapable. The main assumption repre...

- by Trpimir Glavina
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- Psychology, Anthropology, Decision Making, Dementia

The various strategies of reaching out to the diaspora throughout the 20th century and of eventually including it in the building of a nation-state was embedded in transnational relations and ties between Croatian communities and individuals sustained over generations. The paper brings an overview of the history of this relationship as well as it questions the current situation and pose questions for the future development. The authors conclude that the transterritorial definition of the nation, on which the relationship between Croatia and its diaspora has been based from early on, was an inherent element of state-building in the 1990s and has likewise shaped the diaspora strategy applied today.

- by Ivan Hrstic
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- Migration, Croatian History, Modern Croatian History, International Migration

Blood samples for determining haematological and biochemical values were taken from 23 healthy wild boars selected for breeding. All animals were in good condition, aged 3 to 5 years, body mass 100 to 150 kg. Total numbers of erythrocytes, concentration of haemoglobin, haematocrit and MCV values were somewhat higher than physiological values of domestic pig, while total number of leukocytes was lower, with more segmented granulocytes, than in domestic pigs. Mean values of alanine aminotransferase and creatine kinase were higher than physiological values in domestic pig, and aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, total proteins, albumin, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine were within these values. Glucose level was significantly higher than values in domestic pigs.

- by I. Harapin
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- Biochemistry, Biology, Haematology, Wild Boar
- by Bojana Knezevic
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- Nursing, Occupational Health, Job Satisfaction, Stress

Background: Children's exposure to violence is a major public health issue. The Balkan epidemiological study on Child Abuse and Neglect project aimed to collect internationally comparable data on violence exposures in childhood. Methods: A three stage stratified random sample of 42,194 school‑attending children (response rate: 66.7%) in three grades (aged 11, 13 and 16 years) was drawn from schools in Albania, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Former Yugoslavian Republic of Macedonia (FYROM), Greece, Romania, Serbia and Turkey. Children completed the ICAST‑C questionnaire, which measures children's exposure to violence by any perpetrator. Results: Exposure rates for psychological violence were between 64.6% (FYROM) and 83.2% (Greece) for lifetime and 59.62% (Serbia) and 70.0% (Greece) for past‑year prevalence. Physical violence exposure varied between 50.6% (FYROM) and 76.3% (Greece) for lifetime and 42.5% (FYROM) and 51.0% (Bosnia) for past‑year prevalence. Sexual violence figures were highest for lifetime prevalence in Bosnia (18.6%) and lowest in FYROM (7.6%). Lifetime contact sexual violence was highest in Bosnia (9.8%) and lowest in Romania (3.6%). Past‑year sexual violence and contact sexual violence prevalence was lowest in Romania (5.0 and 2.1%) and highest in Bosnia (13.6 and 7.7% respectively). Self‑reported neglect was highest for both past‑year and lifetime prevalence in Bosnia (48.0 and 20.3%) and lowest in Romania (22.6 and 16.7%). Experiences of positive parental practices were reported by most participating children in all countries. Conclusions: Where significant differences in violence exposure by sex were observed, males reported higher expo‑ sure to past‑year and lifetime sexual violence and females higher exposure to neglect. Children in Balkan countries experience a high burden of violence victimization and national‑level programming and child protection policy mak‑ ing is urgently needed to address this.

- by Franziska Meinck and +5
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- Violence, Child abuse and neglect, Child and adolescent mental health, Balkan Studies
- by Johannes F Imhoff
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- Marine Biology, Natural Products, Fungi, Porifera
- by Slobodan Jaric
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- Skeletal muscle biology, Sport, Power, Humans
- by Željan Maleš
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- Nutrition and Dietetics, Nutrition, Flavonoids, Wine

to explore the sources and levels of stress at work and work ability among Croatian midwives. midwives are subjected to multiple stressors. Among health-care professionals, psychological distress for a prolonged period of time has negative effects on the worker&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s health, work ability and quality of patient care. &amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;Work ability&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; is a term describing a worker&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39;s resources related to physical, mental and social demands at work. As a measure of work ability in midwifery, the Work Ability Index (WAI) is considered to be a very predictive instrument; midwives with a poor WAI score usually leave their current job within five years. university hospitals in Zagreb, Croatia. cross-sectional design survey. 300 health-care workers (105 qualified midwives and 195 paediatric nurses) were invited to complete the questionnaire. The total response rate was 53% (158/300). The sample included 14.7% of all hospital-based midwives in Zagreb hospitals. the Occupational Stress Assessment Questionnaire (OSAQ) for health-care workers and the WAI questionnaire. over three-quarters of the midwives (46/60, 76.7%) believed that their job was stressful, and considered that insufficient work resources caused the most stress. More than half of the midwives associated an insufficient number of coworkers, unexpected situations, inadequate income, night work, incurable patients and poor organisation at work with a high level of stress. The perceived specific stressors differed between midwives and paediatric nurses in the same hospital. Insufficient work resources and poor organisation at work were more common stressors among midwives than paediatric nurses (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.05). Midwives and nurses differed significantly with respect to age (p=0.002). Midwives were younger and had spent fewer years working in their current workplace compared with paediatric nurses (p&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;lt;0.001). Also, midwives had a lower level of education than paediatric nurses (p=0.044). The mean WAI score for midwives was 40.0 [95% confidence interval (CI) 38.4-41.4], compared with 37.5 (95% CI 36.4-38.8) for paediatric nurses, both indicating good work ability. After adjusting for age, the difference in WAI score between the groups of workers was not significant. Croatian midwives experienced work-related stress due to: insufficient work resources, insufficient number of coworkers, poor organisation at work, communication with superiors and emotional work. Midwives&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; work ability in relation to the demands of their job was good. These results confirmed that the WAI score decreases significantly with age. hospital management needs to improve organisational factors and resources, as well as midwives&amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;amp;#39; education and position in the health-care system.

- by Jadranka Mustajbegovic and +1
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- Nursing, Occupational Health, Midwifery, Pediatric nursing

The symptoms of lifetime post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and comorbid diagnoses were compared among 502 combat-experienced soldiers under examination for compensation-related purposes to confirm or deny the diagnosis of PTSD and 196 soldiers with combat experience without any psychiatric disorder. The two groups were matched with regard to duration of combat experience, time between combat experience and the study, age, marital status, and education. PTSD was diagnosed by psychiatrists with a structured clinical interview according to the research version of the International Classification of Diseases and the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The psychologists applied the Mississippi Scale for Combat-Related PTSD, Watson's criteria for PTSD, the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory version 201, and the Trauma Questionnaire. Also, a very detailed heteroanemnestic questionnaire was completed by social workers. Medical documentation and data from ...

- by Dragica Kozarić-kovačić
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- Military Medicine, Medicine, Humans, Croatia
- by I. Kolcic
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- Humans, Scotland, Croatia, Clinical Sciences
- by Mia Peric
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- Psychology, Dancing, Humans, Substance Use

This is a case report of Acanthamoeba as a causative agent of keratitis at the Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Rijeka. Delay in treatment led to an advanced stage of the disease with multiple complications. Initially, presented symptoms were similar to those of herpetic keratitis. In the mean time progression of the disease led to a cloudy cornea with a stromal ring infiltrate, poor vision, elevated intraocular pressure, a mature cataract and finally corneal melt. Corneal scrapings were obtained from a 28 years old female patient, wearing soft contact lenses and with poor lens hygiene. Acanthamoeba cysts were identified by the cytological examination. Culture of the corneal scraping had confirmed Acanthamoeba as the etiological agent. Making the diagnosis of Acanthamoeba is difficult. We presented this case of delayed diagnosis and unfavorable outcome as a reminder that clinical suspicion remains the most important diagnostic tool. Contact lens wears with a new diag...

- by Daniela Novkovski
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- Anthropology, Contact Lenses, Humans, Low vision

Destination management organizations (DMOs) play a vital role in promoting tourism in the country, region or town to tourists, tour operators and intermediaries, which is especially beneficial in a highly competitive tourism market. According to the information provided, DMOs create a destination image and affect the destination market positioning. In the time of computerization, the emergence of the internet has significantly changed the process of communication, and so it becomes the main communication channel through which DMOs inform tourists and partners. Consumer behaviour studies show that consumers gather information from various sources, both internal and external and that websites are a valuable source of information for tourists when planning their trips. At various stages of planning a trip tourists are looking for different types of information. Therefore, the object of this research is to examine the importance of certain information posted on the DMO websites as well ...

- by Lorena Bašan
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- Marketing, Tourism Studies, Tourism, Website