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El Front Occidental o Front de l'Europa Occidental fou el segon front europeu en importància durant la Segona Guerra Mundial.

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dbo:abstract الجبهة الغربية للحرب العالمية الثانية مسرح العمليات الأوروبي أثناء الحرب العالمية الثانية والتي شملت الدنمارك والنرويج ولوكسمبورغ وبلجيكا وهولندا وفرنسا وألمانيا الغربية، وتنقسم العمليات على الجبهة الغربية إلى مرحلتين أساسيتين شملتا عمليات قتال برية واسعة النطاق؛ حيث استمرت المرحلة الأولى خلال الفترة ما بين مايو ويونيو 1940 وشهدت اكتساح القوات الألمانية للبلدان المنخفضة وفرنسا علاوة على الحرب الجوية بين ألمانيا وبريطانيا والتي بلغت ذروتها أثناء معركة بريطانيا، في حين بدأت المرحلة الثانية من العمليات البرية في يونيو 1944 بعمليات الإنزال بنورماندي والتي استمرت حتى هزيمة ألمانيا في مايو 1945. وعلى الرغم من فقدان القوات الألمانية لأغلب قواتها على الجبهة الشرقية إلا أن خسائرها على الجبهة الغربية لا تعوض وذلك لتحويل غالبية الموارد الألمانية لمواجهة الاتحاد السوفيتي على الجبهة الشرقية ومن ثمكانت الخسائر على الجبهة الغربية لا تعوض من قبل القيادة الألمانية، فلم يتم الدفع سوى بتعزيزات قليلة لإيقاف تقدم الحلفاء الغربيين نحو ألمانيا، حتى جائت عمليات الإنزال بنورماندي (والتي بدأ معها المرحلة الثانية من القتال على الجبهة الغربية) لتوجه ضربة موجعة للعسكرية الألمانية وقادتها الذين فزعوا من تكرار الهزيمة الألمانية في الحروب مزدوجة الجبهات كما حدث من قبل خلال الحرب العالمية الأولى. (ar) El Front Occidental o Front de l'Europa Occidental fou el segon front europeu en importància durant la Segona Guerra Mundial. (ca) Západní fronta během druhé světové války byla válečná fronta v Dánsku, Norsku, Lucembursku, Belgii, Nizozemí, Francii a Německu a zahrnuje dvě střetnutí v období let 1939 až 1940 a v druhou frontu v období roků 1944 a 1945. Součástí západní fronty byla také letecká válka mezi Velkou Británií a nacistickým Německem, bitva o Británii. Druhá fronta byla otevřena ve Francii spojeneckým vyloděním v Normandii. Druhá fronta zanikla s porážkou Německa a jeho kapitulací v Remeši v roce 1945. (cs) La Okcidenta Fronto estis milita scenejo de la Dua Mondmilito kiu enhavis Danion, Norvegion, Luksemburgion, Belgion, Nederlandon, Unuiĝintan Reĝlandon, Francio, Italion, kaj Germanion. La militaj implikoj de la Dua Mondmilito en Suda Eŭropo kaj aliloke estas ĝenerale konsiderataj sub apartaj okazoj. La Okcidenta Fronto estis markita de du fazoj de grand-skalaj lukt-operacoj. La unua fazo konsistis en la kapitulaco de Nederlando, Belgio, kaj Francio dum Majo kaj Junio 1940 post ties malvenko en la Malaltaj Landoj kaj en la norda duono de Francio, kaj pluis en la aera milito inter Germanio kaj Britio kiu pintis en la Batalo de Britio. La dua fazo konsistis el grand-skala surtera batalado (subtenita de amasa aermilito konsiderata kiel aldona fronto), kiu startis en Junio 1944 pere de la surterigo de Aliancanoj en Normandio kaj pluis ĝis la malvenko de Germanio en Majo 1945. (eo) Die Deutsche Westfront 1944/1945 war in der Endphase des Zweiten Weltkriegs neben der Ostfront der bedeutendste Kriegsschauplatz in Europa. Sie entstand im Juni 1944 durch die Landung der Westalliierten in der Normandie, gefolgt von der Befreiung des besetzten Frankreich und Belgien. Ein tieferer Einbruch ins Innere Deutschlands gelang den Alliierten im Jahr 1944 nicht mehr; die Front stabilisierte sich zeitweilig am Westwall. Im Winter 1944/45 kam es mit der deutschen Ardennenoffensive zu einer der letzten größeren Kriegsanstrengungen der Wehrmacht, die jedoch auf den Kriegsausgang keinen Einfluss mehr hatte. Nach dem alliierten Durchbruch zum Rhein und dessen Überschreitung im Frühjahr 1945 brach die deutsche Front zusammen. Kurz vor Kriegsende trafen sich die Spitzen der amerikanischen und sowjetischen Truppen bei Torgau an der Elbe, nach VE-Day (8. Mai 1945) besetzten die westlichen Alliierten kurzzeitig Teile der späteren Sowjetischen Besatzungszone. (de) Mendebaldeko Frontea, Bigarren Mundu Gerran, Alemaniak 1940. urtean Europa mendebaldean ireki zuen frontea da. Urte hartan bertan, aliatuak kontinentetik kanporatuak izan ziren eta beraz, kontinenteari dagokionean, frontea itxirik geratu zen, 1944an aliatuak gerra amaitzera itzuli ziren arte. Mendebaldeko Frontea 1945eko udaberrian itxi zen, sobietarren Ekialdeko Frontearekin bat egin zuenean. (eu) El frente de la Europa Occidental o frente occidental fue el segundo frente europeo en importancia durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Cubría el oeste de Europa y fue abierto inesperadamente por la Alemania nazi al invadir Noruega, Dinamarca y Francia en 1940, siendo cerrado por las fuerzas conjuntas de Estados Unidos y Gran Bretaña en 1945, manteniéndose inactivo desde la mitad de 1940 hasta la batalla de Normandía en junio de 1944. La guerra librada en la Europa Occidental durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial puede dividirse en cinco etapas: Los países que enviaron contingentes importantes de sus ejércitos a este frente fueron: Alemania, Bélgica, Canadá, Dinamarca, Estados Unidos, Francia (Francia Libre y Francia de Vichy), Gran Bretaña, Noruega, Holanda, Italia y Polonia. Tropas de varios países de la Europa Oriental. Aunque Irlanda fue bombardeada accidentalmente por Alemania, este país nunca abandonó su estado de neutralidad. (es) Le terme de front de l'Ouest (aussi appelé le front occidental) fait référence au théâtre d'opérations en Europe de l'Ouest pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. De septembre 1939 à mars 1945, l'Allemagne nazie va combattre la France (Armée française puis Résistance) et le Royaume-Uni puis les États-Unis et le Canada, les principales nations belligérantes sur ce front. La férocité grandissante de ce conflit provoqua d'énormes destructions et d'immenses pertes militaires et civiles dans l'ouest de l'Europe mais certaines régions où le front s'enlisera connaitront les plus importantes destructions (Normandie, Alsace, Belgique, Pays-Bas...) et avec, nouveauté dans l'Histoire, les premiers bombardements aériens massifs de villes (d'abord allemands sur les Pays-Bas et l'Angleterre puis Alliés sur l'Allemagne mais également des villes de l'Europe occupée). Le début de la guerre est une longue phase d'attente, la drôle de guerre, entre septembre 1939 et mai 1940. Les Français et les Britanniques ont mobilisé et massé leurs troupes sur la frontière allemande et belge mais le front reste figé, ne connaissant que quelques escarmouches, tandis que le gros des forces allemandes envahissent la Pologne. La première phase de combat sur le front de l'Ouest, à l'initiative de l'Allemagne, voit une victoire rapide de l'armée allemande en mai-juin 1940, le blitzkrieg met en déroute les forces franco-belgo-britanniques. Les Britanniques réembarquent à Dunkerque et la France capitule militairement en obtenant un armistice. Les forces allemandes occupent alors les pays vaincus (Pays-Bas, Belgique, Luxembourg et la France à l'exception d'une zone libre dans la moitié Sud du pays). Seul le Royaume-Uni après avoir gagné la bataille d'Angleterre n'est pas envahi et continue la guerre. Mais à l'exception des actions des résistance nationales dans les territoires occupés et les bombardements alliés depuis l'Angleterre, l'Ouest de l'Europe restera alors hors des zones de combat pendant près de quatre ans. Un nouveau front s'est ouvert à l'Est avec le lancement par l'Allemagne nazie de l'opération Barbarossa, l'invasion de l'URSS. L'entrée en guerre des États-Unis fin 1941 change la donne. Staline presse les Alliés occidentaux pour l'ouverture d'un second front en Europe afin de soulager les Soviétiques sur le front de l'Est. En novembre 1942, le débarquement en Afrique du Nord suivi par celui en Sicile ouvre un second front en Méditerranée. Les Allemands envahissent alors la zone libre française et après la chute de Mussolini et le renversement d'alliance de l'Italie, prennent le contrôle du Nord et du centre de la péninsule. Mais les Alliés progressent peu en Italie et la nécessité d'ouvrir un second front dans le nord-ouest de l'Europe se fait pressante. Les Allemands accélèrent la construction du mur de l'Atlantique pour prévenir un débarquement allié. Celui-ci intervient le 6 juin 1944 en Normandie. Débute alors une éprouvante bataille de juin à août 1944, les forces alliées piétinant de longues semaines devant Caen et dans le bocage normand avant de percer le front allemand et de partiellement encercler les forces allemandes, la bataille de Normandie s'achève. Le 15 août, les Américains et les Français débarquent en Provence, l'initiative est alors aux Alliés, les Allemands se replient et le front de l'Ouest évolue alors rapidement : en quelques semaines la France et une grande partie de la Belgique sont libérées. Le commandement allié croit possible la fin du conflit avant la fin de l'année mais la progression est freinée à l'automne 1944. L'opération Market Garden, qui visait à contourner la ligne Siegfried par les Pays Bas est un échec et les Allemands montrent une résistance inattendue. Les Alliés doivent même faire face à une contre-offensive allemande dans les Ardennes en décembre 1944 et une, de moindre envergure, en janvier 1945 en Alsace. Finalement au sortir de l'hiver, les Alliés finissent par réussir à franchir le Rhin et envahir une Allemagne dont l'armée exsangue est alors en déroute. Les troupes alliées de l'Ouest font leur jonction avec les troupes soviétiques de l'Est en avril 1945. Le 7 mai 1945 à Reims, le colonel général Alfred Jodl signe l’acte de reddition inconditionnelle des forces armées allemandes, le lendemain le 8 mai à Berlin est signé la capitulation allemande. (fr) Front Barat dari kawasan Eropa saat Perang Dunia II terdiri dari Denmark, Norwegia, Luksemburg, Belgia, Belanda, dan Jerman Barat. Front Barat ini ditandai dengan 2 fase operasi skala besar. Fase pertama adalah dikuasai Belanda, Belgia, dan Prancis pada bulan Mei dan Juni 1940 oleh Nazi Jerman dan berlanjut pada peperangan udara antara Jerman dan Inggris (Pertempuran Britania). Fase kedua adalah peperangan darat skala besar yang dimulai dengan pendaratan pasukan sekutu di Normandia dan berlanjut sampai kalahnya Jerman bulan Mei 1945. (in) 제2차 세계 대전 당시 유럽 전역의 서부 전선은 덴마크, 노르웨이, 룩셈부르크, 벨기에, 서부 독일, 영국, 이탈리아, 프랑스를 포함하는 전역이다. 2차 대전의 남유럽 및 다른 지역에서의 교전은 분리된 주제로 다루어진다. 서부 전선은 두개의 거대한 작전의 국면으로 구분된다. 첫번째 국면은 네덜란드, 벨기에, 프랑스가 저지대 국가 및 프랑스 북부에서의 패배로 1940년 5월과 6월에 항복하고, 이것이 영국 본토 항공전으로 고조된 영국과 독일 간의 항공전으로 이어진 것이다. 두 번째 국면은 1944년 6월, 노르망디 상륙 작전으로 시작되어 1945년 5월, 독일이 항복할 때까지 이어진 전투였다. 독일군의 사망의 대부분이 동부 전선에서 발생했음에도 불구하고, 서부 전선의 독일군 손실 또한 대체할 수 없는 것이었다. 노르망디 상륙 작전은 제1차 세계 대전 때의 2개의 전선을 독일군에게 상기시켰기 때문이다. (ko) The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany. World War II military engagements in Southern Europe and elsewhere are generally considered as separate theatres. The Western Front was marked by two phases of large-scale combat operations. The first phase saw the capitulation of Luxembourg, Netherlands, Belgium, and France during May and June 1940 after their defeat in the Low Countries and the northern half of France, and continued into an air war between Germany and Britain that climaxed with the Battle of Britain. The second phase consisted of large-scale ground combat (supported by a massive strategic air war considered to be an additional front), which began in June 1944 with the Allied landings in Normandy and continued until the defeat of Germany in May 1945. (en) Het westfront was tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog de naam voor het toneel van oorlogshandelingen in West-Europa, van 1939 tot 1945. Hier vielen onder andere Nederland en België onder. Een belangrijke gebeurtenis die zich aan dit front afspeelde was Operatie Overlord, waarbij de westerse geallieerden aan land gingen in Europa. De gebeurtenissen aan het westfront zijn duidelijk in twee termijnen onder te verdelen; van 1939 tot 1940 domineerde nazi-Duitsland dit front met onder andere de verovering van Europa. Vanaf 1944 keerde het tij en begonnen de Geallieerden aan een opmars. Hoewel de Duitsers de meeste verliezen leden aan het Oostfront, waren hun verliezen aan het Westfront lastig te compenseren omdat bijna al het materieel naar het Oostfront was gestuurd. (nl) 第二次世界大戦における西部戦線（せいぶせんせん、Western Front）は、のうち、ドイツおよびその西方に位置するフランス、ベルギー、オランダ、ルクセンブルク、デンマークなどにおける、イギリス・フランス・アメリカ合衆国などの西側諸国と、ナチス・ドイツをはじめとする枢軸国の間で行われた一連の戦闘を指す。対する東部戦線は、枢軸国とソビエト連邦の戦闘を指す（独ソ戦）。 (ja) Il fronte occidentale, durante la seconda guerra mondiale, fu un importante teatro di combattimenti in Francia, Belgio, Lussemburgo, Paesi Bassi e nella Germania occidentale. Dopo una prima fase nel 1939-1940 in cui la Wehrmacht tedesca ottenne una schiacciante vittoria contro gli eserciti Alleati, occupando gran parte del territorio, costringendo all'armistizio la Francia e respingendo oltre la Manica il corpo di spedizione britannico, il Fronte occidentale divenne fino al 1944 un settore del teatro europeo non più attivo dal punto di vista delle operazioni terrestri anche se continuarono costantemente operazioni di guerra aerea, mentre la Germania mantenne schierato all'ovest un cospicuo corpo di occupazione. Dal 1941 la maggior parte dei combattimenti nel teatro europeo si svolsero sul Fronte orientale, dove i tedeschi schierarono fino alla fine della guerra la maggior parte delle loro forze armate; Stalin richiese per anni la riattivazione da parte anglo-americana del Fronte occidentale, ma i dirigenti alleati preferirono inizialmente condurre operazioni meno impegnative nel teatro del Mediterraneo. Dal 6 giugno 1944 gli Alleati riaprirono finalmente il Fronte occidentale dando inizio alla gigantesca operazione Overlord e in undici mesi di combattimenti riuscirono a liberare i territori occupati dalla Germania, invasero il territorio tedesco occidentale e raggiunsero il fiume Elba dove si congiunsero dal 25 aprile 1945 con le truppe dell'Armata Rossa provenienti da est. (it) Front zachodni – całokształt działań wojennych w Europie Zachodniej podczas II wojny światowej, dzielących się na dwa zasadnicze okresy: 1. * Od 3 września 1939 do 31 października 1940 roku, w ramach którego można wyróżnić: „dziwną wojnę” (w tym symboliczną ofensywę francuską w Zagłębiu Saary), kampanię norweską (zajęcie Danii i Norwegii) i kampanię francuską (podbój Francji i Krajów Beneluksu), a także powietrzną bitwę o Anglię (zahamowanie niemieckich postępów, udaremnione plany inwazji na Wielką Brytanię). 2. * Od 6 czerwca 1944 do 7 maja 1945 roku, który obejmuje: odtworzenie frontu w Normandii, następnie wyzwolenie przez aliantów Francji, przełamanie linii Zygfryda (operacja Market Garden, odparcie niemieckiej ofensywy w Ardenach), sforsowanie Renu oraz zajęcie położonego na zachód od Łaby obszaru Niemiec i przedwojennego terytorium Austrii; był to okres istnienia frontu zachodniego potocznie określany trzecim frontem. Front zachodni był najkrócej istniejącym frontem II wojny światowej – w związku z dwiema zasadniczymi przerwami w działaniach wojennych na nim, które trwały łącznie dziewiętnaście miesięcy. Jest też jedynym frontem II wojny światowej, na którym historycy nie wyznaczyli umownego punktu zwrotnego, z uwagi na czteroletnią przerwą w działaniach zbrojnych na tym teatrze wojny. W pierwszym okresie istnienia frontu panowali na nim Niemcy, w drugim zaś alianci. Na froncie zachodnim hitlerowska III Rzesza starła się z zachodnimi państwami alianckimi, na czele z trzema przyszłymi supermocarstwami – Stanami Zjednoczonymi, Wielką Brytanią i Francją. Jednak w przeciwieństwie do innych frontów, nie da się tu jednoznacznie wyłonić alianckiego państwa prowadzącego na tym teatrze wojny. Jako określenie teatru działań zbrojnych, nazwa front zachodni najlepiej przyjęła się w większości krajów europejskich, zwłaszcza w Niemczech, gdzie nazwy frontów wyznaczały kierunki geograficzne (zachodni i wschodni). W Wielkiej Brytanii z kolei zamiennie używa się określenia bój o Kontynent, związanego z wyspiarskim położeniem tego kraju. Najrzadziej nazwa front zachodni występuje w Stanach Zjednoczonych, gdzie znacznie częściej używa się określenia front europejski, gdyż wojska amerykańskie walczyły na kilku teatrach wojny – na Pacyfiku, w Afryce i w Europie. Działania na froncie zachodnim toczyły się wyłącznie w Europie Zachodniej, na obszarze Francji, Krajów Beneluksu, Danii, Norwegii, zachodnich, południowych i środkowych Niemiec, a także w przestrzeni powietrznej Wielkiej Brytanii i na wodach przybrzeżnych Europy. (pl) Западноевропейский театр военных действий Второй мировой войны (1939—1945) — боевые действия, проходившие во время Второй мировой войны в Западной Европе и Атлантике. (ru) A Frente da Europa Ocidental ou Frente Ocidental da Segunda Guerra Mundial foi a segunda maior frente europeia em importância durante a II Guerra Mundial. Cobriu a Europa Ocidental, e foi aberta pela invasão da Alemanha Nazista à Noruega, Dinamarca e França em 1940, culminando em 1945 com a vitória das Forças Aliadas. Permaneceu sem nenhuma alteração relevante desde meados de 1940 até a Batalha da Normandia em junho, julho e agosto de 1944. A Frente Ocidental foi marcada por duas fases de grande escala no teatro das operações de combate. A primeira fase viu a capitulação dos Países Baixos e França durante os meses de maio e junho de 1940, e seguida de uma guerra aérea entre a Alemanha e a Grã-Bretanha que atingiu o auge durante a Batalha da Grã-Bretanha. A segunda fase consistiu em combates de grande escala, que começou em junho de 1944 com os desembarques Aliados na Normandia e continuou até a derrota da Alemanha, em maio de 1945. A guerra na Europa Ocidental durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial pode ser dividida em cinco fases: a Frente de Abertura, englobando a Guerra de Mentira, Campanha da Noruega e Batalha da França; a Batalha Aérea, que inclui a Batalha da Grã-Bretanha, a Blitz e o bombardeio dos Aliados da Europa; a Reabertura da Frente com a Batalha da Normandia e a Operação Market Garden; o contra-ataque alemão na Batalha das Ardenas; e a final Conquista da Alemanha na travessia do Reno. Os países que enviaram um número significativo dos seus exércitos nesta frente foram os seguintes: Alemanha, Bélgica, Canadá, Dinamarca, Estados Unidos, França (França Livre e França de Vichy), Reino Unido, Noruega, Holanda, Itália e Polónia. Tropas de diversos países da Europa Oriental, América Latina e da Commonwealth das Nações também participaram, mas suas contribuições não foram decisivas. Embora a Irlanda fosse acidentalmente bombardeada pela Alemanha, este país nunca deixou o seu estado de neutralidade. (pt) Västfronten under andra världskriget syftar vanligen på den del av krigföringen som skedde mellan Tyskland och de västallierade (huvudsakligen Frankrike, Storbritannien och USA) på europeisk mark under andra världskriget. (sv) Західноєвропейський театр воєнних дій Другої світової війни охоплював Данію, Норвегію, Люксембург, Бельгію, Нідерланди, Велику Британію, Францію та Західну Німеччину. Бої у Південній Європі та в інших місцях, як правило, розглядається в інших окремих рубриках. Західний фронт відзначався двома фазами великомасштабних боїв. Перша фаза охоплює капітуляцію Нідерландів, Бельгії та Франції у травні-червні 1940 року, яка настала після розгрому в країнах Бенілюксу та північній частині Франції і продовжувалася повітряною війною між Німеччиною та Британією, що досягла кульмінації під час битви за Британію. Друга фаза складалася з повномасштабних боїв, що розпочалась у червні 1944 року з висадки союзників у Нормандії і тривала до капітуляції Німеччини в травні 1945 року. Хоча більшість загиблих у Німеччині було на Східному фронті, німецькі втрати на Західному фронті були незмінюваними, бо більшість ресурсів Німеччини були виділені для Східного фронту. Це означало, що, незважаючи на достатність ресурсів, на Захід виділяли занадто мало сил, щоб зупинити натиск західних союзників. Висадка в Нормандії стала великим психологічним ударом для німецьких військових і її лідерів, які боялись повторення війни на два фронти, як це було в Першій світовій війні. (uk)
dbo:causalties Total: 1940 1944–1945 * 10,561 tanks destroyed * 164,590–195,576 killed/missing * 537,590 wounded * 78,680 captured * ~3,000,000 casualties *909 tank destroyers destroyed * 2,121,560–2,260,000casualties, including 143,400 killed (~70% of Allied troops and casualties were Americans)
dbo:combatant * ---- Allies Czechoslovakia Poland Axis Hungary
dbo:commander dbr:Rodolfo_Graziani dbr:Benito_Mussolini dbr:Bernard_Montgomery dbr:Bertram_Ramsay dbr:John_Vereker,_6th_Viscount_Gort dbr:Paul_Hausser dbr:Umberto_II_of_Italy dbr:Courtney_Hodges dbr:Maurice_Gamelin dbr:Maxime_Weygand dbr:Franklin_D._Roosevelt dbr:George_S._Patton dbr:Gerd_von_Rundstedt dbr:Leopold_III_of_Belgium dbr:Émile_Speller dbr:Pietro_Pintor dbr:Trafford_Leigh-Mallory dbr:Walter_Model dbr:Wilhelm_Ritter_von_Leeb dbr:William_Boyle,_12th_Earl_of_Cork_and_Orrery dbr:William_Hood_Simpson dbr:William_Wain_Prior dbr:Winston_Churchill dbr:Adolf_Hitler dbr:Albert_Kesselring dbr:Alexander_Patch dbr:Alfredo_Guzzoni dbr:Dwight_D._Eisenhower dbr:Erich_Raeder dbr:Erich_von_Manstein dbr:Erwin_Rommel dbr:Fedor_von_Bock dbr:Nikolaus_von_Falkenhorst dbr:Otto_Ruge dbr:Günther_von_Kluge dbr:Harry_Crerar dbr:Heinrich_Himmler dbr:Heinz_Guderian dbr:Henri_Winkelman dbr:Hermann_Balck dbr:Hermann_Göring dbr:Jacob_L._Devers dbr:Jean_de_Lattre_de_Tassigny dbr:Charles_de_Gaulle dbr:Johannes_Blaskowitz dbr:Karl_Dönitz dbr:Kazimierz_Sosnkowski dbr:Kenneth_Stuart dbr:Miles_Dempsey dbr:Omar_Bradley dbr:Władysław_Sikorski dbr:Walter_von_Brauchitsch dbr:Arthur_Tedder
dbo:date 1944-06-06 (xsd:date)
dbo:isPartOfMilitaryConflict dbr:European_theatre_of_World_War_II
dbo:place dbr:Northern_Europe dbr:Western_Europe
dbo:result * Beginning of theIron Curtainand theCold War * Fall of Nazi Germany (concurrently with theEastern FrontandItalian Front) 1939–40:Axisvictory 1944–1945: Allied victory * End of theFrench Third Republicand creation of theVichy regime * Beginning of theNorth AfricaandEast Africacampaigns * Occupation of most of Western and Northern Europe by Axis troops * Strategic stalemate following theBattle of Britain * Continuation with theDefense of the Reichand theBattle of the Atlantic * Liberation of occupied countries in Western and Northern Europe
dbo:strength 1944–1945 1939–1940 * 5,400,000 troops (total) * 7,650,000 troops (total) * ~1,900,000 troops (peak) * ~5,412,219 troops (total that served) * ~8,000,000 troops (total that served) * 4,500,000 troops (total as ofVictory in Europe Day)
dbo:territory dbr:Partition_of_Germany
dbo:thumbnail wiki-commons:Special:FilePath/Western_Front_collab.png?width=300
dbo:wikiPageExternalLink https://archive.org/details/secondworldwar00keeg http://www.operation-blackcock.com/ https://web.archive.org/web/20080911034851/http:/www.strom.clemson.edu/publications/sg-war41-45.pdf http://www.strom.clemson.edu/publications/sg-war41-45.pdf https://web.archive.org/web/20110709141048/http:/www.strom.clemson.edu/publications/sg-war41-45.pdf https://history.army.mil/books/wwii/sp1943-44/index.htm
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dbp:caption Clockwise from top left: Rotterdam after the Blitz, German Heinkel He 111 planes during the Battle of Britain, Allied paratroopers during Operation Market Garden, American troops running through Wernberg, Germany, Siege of Bastogne, American troops landing at Omaha Beach during Operation Overlord (en)
dbp:casualties 1940 (xsd:integer) 1650000 (xsd:integer) 0001-12-31 (xsd:gMonthDay) Civilian casualties: (en)
dbp:combatant Axis (en) Czechoslovakia (en) Hungary (en) Poland (en) * (en) ---- (en) Allies (en)
dbp:commander 1939 (xsd:integer) 1944 (xsd:integer) Adolf Hitler (en) Benito Mussolini (en) Charles de Gaulle (en) Dwight D. Eisenhower (en) Erich Raeder (en) Erwin Rommel (en) Franklin D. Roosevelt (en) George S. Patton (en) Heinrich Himmler (en) Hermann Göring (en) Winston Churchill (en) William Simpson (en) Heinz Guderian (en) Rodolfo Graziani (en) Albert Kesselring (en) Leopold III (en) Alfredo Guzzoni (en) Arthur Tedder (en) Bernard Montgomery (en) Gerd von Rundstedt (en) Hermann Balck (en) Omar Bradley (en) Walter Model (en) Karl Dönitz (en) Fedor von Bock (en) Courtney Hodges (en) Erich von Manstein (en) Günther von Kluge (en) Henri Winkelman (en) Kazimierz Sosnkowski (en) Maxime Weygand (en) Nikolaus von Falkenhorst (en) Otto Ruge (en) Paul Hausser (en) Prince Umberto (en) Trafford Leigh-Mallory (en) Wilhelm von Leeb (en) Władysław Sikorski (en) Alexander Patch (en) Bertram Ramsay (en) Harry Crerar (en) Johannes Blaskowitz (en) Maurice Gamelin (en) Miles Dempsey (en) Jean de Tassigny (en) Émile Speller (en) Jacob L. Devers (en) Kenneth Stuart (en) Pietro Pintor (en) Walter von Brauchitsch (en) William Wain Prior (en) John Vereker, Lord Gort (en) William Boyle, Lord Cork (en)
dbp:conflict Western Front (en)
dbp:date 0001-06-25 (xsd:gMonthDay)
dbp:imageSize 300 (xsd:integer)
dbp:partof the European theatre of World War II (en)
dbp:place North and Western Europe (en)
dbp:result 1939 (xsd:integer)
dbp:strength 1939 (xsd:integer)
dbp:territory dbr:Partition_of_Germany
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rdfs:comment El Front Occidental o Front de l'Europa Occidental fou el segon front europeu en importància durant la Segona Guerra Mundial. (ca) Západní fronta během druhé světové války byla válečná fronta v Dánsku, Norsku, Lucembursku, Belgii, Nizozemí, Francii a Německu a zahrnuje dvě střetnutí v období let 1939 až 1940 a v druhou frontu v období roků 1944 a 1945. Součástí západní fronty byla také letecká válka mezi Velkou Británií a nacistickým Německem, bitva o Británii. Druhá fronta byla otevřena ve Francii spojeneckým vyloděním v Normandii. Druhá fronta zanikla s porážkou Německa a jeho kapitulací v Remeši v roce 1945. (cs) Mendebaldeko Frontea, Bigarren Mundu Gerran, Alemaniak 1940. urtean Europa mendebaldean ireki zuen frontea da. Urte hartan bertan, aliatuak kontinentetik kanporatuak izan ziren eta beraz, kontinenteari dagokionean, frontea itxirik geratu zen, 1944an aliatuak gerra amaitzera itzuli ziren arte. Mendebaldeko Frontea 1945eko udaberrian itxi zen, sobietarren Ekialdeko Frontearekin bat egin zuenean. (eu) Front Barat dari kawasan Eropa saat Perang Dunia II terdiri dari Denmark, Norwegia, Luksemburg, Belgia, Belanda, dan Jerman Barat. Front Barat ini ditandai dengan 2 fase operasi skala besar. Fase pertama adalah dikuasai Belanda, Belgia, dan Prancis pada bulan Mei dan Juni 1940 oleh Nazi Jerman dan berlanjut pada peperangan udara antara Jerman dan Inggris (Pertempuran Britania). Fase kedua adalah peperangan darat skala besar yang dimulai dengan pendaratan pasukan sekutu di Normandia dan berlanjut sampai kalahnya Jerman bulan Mei 1945. (in) 제2차 세계 대전 당시 유럽 전역의 서부 전선은 덴마크, 노르웨이, 룩셈부르크, 벨기에, 서부 독일, 영국, 이탈리아, 프랑스를 포함하는 전역이다. 2차 대전의 남유럽 및 다른 지역에서의 교전은 분리된 주제로 다루어진다. 서부 전선은 두개의 거대한 작전의 국면으로 구분된다. 첫번째 국면은 네덜란드, 벨기에, 프랑스가 저지대 국가 및 프랑스 북부에서의 패배로 1940년 5월과 6월에 항복하고, 이것이 영국 본토 항공전으로 고조된 영국과 독일 간의 항공전으로 이어진 것이다. 두 번째 국면은 1944년 6월, 노르망디 상륙 작전으로 시작되어 1945년 5월, 독일이 항복할 때까지 이어진 전투였다. 독일군의 사망의 대부분이 동부 전선에서 발생했음에도 불구하고, 서부 전선의 독일군 손실 또한 대체할 수 없는 것이었다. 노르망디 상륙 작전은 제1차 세계 대전 때의 2개의 전선을 독일군에게 상기시켰기 때문이다. (ko) 第二次世界大戦における西部戦線（せいぶせんせん、Western Front）は、のうち、ドイツおよびその西方に位置するフランス、ベルギー、オランダ、ルクセンブルク、デンマークなどにおける、イギリス・フランス・アメリカ合衆国などの西側諸国と、ナチス・ドイツをはじめとする枢軸国の間で行われた一連の戦闘を指す。対する東部戦線は、枢軸国とソビエト連邦の戦闘を指す（独ソ戦）。 (ja) Западноевропейский театр военных действий Второй мировой войны (1939—1945) — боевые действия, проходившие во время Второй мировой войны в Западной Европе и Атлантике. (ru) Västfronten under andra världskriget syftar vanligen på den del av krigföringen som skedde mellan Tyskland och de västallierade (huvudsakligen Frankrike, Storbritannien och USA) på europeisk mark under andra världskriget. (sv) الجبهة الغربية للحرب العالمية الثانية مسرح العمليات الأوروبي أثناء الحرب العالمية الثانية والتي شملت الدنمارك والنرويج ولوكسمبورغ وبلجيكا وهولندا وفرنسا وألمانيا الغربية، وتنقسم العمليات على الجبهة الغربية إلى مرحلتين أساسيتين شملتا عمليات قتال برية واسعة النطاق؛ حيث استمرت المرحلة الأولى خلال الفترة ما بين مايو ويونيو 1940 وشهدت اكتساح القوات الألمانية للبلدان المنخفضة وفرنسا علاوة على الحرب الجوية بين ألمانيا وبريطانيا والتي بلغت ذروتها أثناء معركة بريطانيا، في حين بدأت المرحلة الثانية من العمليات البرية في يونيو 1944 بعمليات الإنزال بنورماندي والتي استمرت حتى هزيمة ألمانيا في مايو 1945. (ar) La Okcidenta Fronto estis milita scenejo de la Dua Mondmilito kiu enhavis Danion, Norvegion, Luksemburgion, Belgion, Nederlandon, Unuiĝintan Reĝlandon, Francio, Italion, kaj Germanion. La militaj implikoj de la Dua Mondmilito en Suda Eŭropo kaj aliloke estas ĝenerale konsiderataj sub apartaj okazoj. La Okcidenta Fronto estis markita de du fazoj de grand-skalaj lukt-operacoj. La unua fazo konsistis en la kapitulaco de Nederlando, Belgio, kaj Francio dum Majo kaj Junio 1940 post ties malvenko en la Malaltaj Landoj kaj en la norda duono de Francio, kaj pluis en la aera milito inter Germanio kaj Britio kiu pintis en la Batalo de Britio. La dua fazo konsistis el grand-skala surtera batalado (subtenita de amasa aermilito konsiderata kiel aldona fronto), kiu startis en Junio 1944 pere de la surte (eo) Die Deutsche Westfront 1944/1945 war in der Endphase des Zweiten Weltkriegs neben der Ostfront der bedeutendste Kriegsschauplatz in Europa. Sie entstand im Juni 1944 durch die Landung der Westalliierten in der Normandie, gefolgt von der Befreiung des besetzten Frankreich und Belgien. Ein tieferer Einbruch ins Innere Deutschlands gelang den Alliierten im Jahr 1944 nicht mehr; die Front stabilisierte sich zeitweilig am Westwall. Im Winter 1944/45 kam es mit der deutschen Ardennenoffensive zu einer der letzten größeren Kriegsanstrengungen der Wehrmacht, die jedoch auf den Kriegsausgang keinen Einfluss mehr hatte. Nach dem alliierten Durchbruch zum Rhein und dessen Überschreitung im Frühjahr 1945 brach die deutsche Front zusammen. Kurz vor Kriegsende trafen sich die Spitzen der amerikanischen (de) El frente de la Europa Occidental o frente occidental fue el segundo frente europeo en importancia durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial. Cubría el oeste de Europa y fue abierto inesperadamente por la Alemania nazi al invadir Noruega, Dinamarca y Francia en 1940, siendo cerrado por las fuerzas conjuntas de Estados Unidos y Gran Bretaña en 1945, manteniéndose inactivo desde la mitad de 1940 hasta la batalla de Normandía en junio de 1944. La guerra librada en la Europa Occidental durante la Segunda Guerra Mundial puede dividirse en cinco etapas: (es) Le terme de front de l'Ouest (aussi appelé le front occidental) fait référence au théâtre d'opérations en Europe de l'Ouest pendant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. De septembre 1939 à mars 1945, l'Allemagne nazie va combattre la France (Armée française puis Résistance) et le Royaume-Uni puis les États-Unis et le Canada, les principales nations belligérantes sur ce front. La férocité grandissante de ce conflit provoqua d'énormes destructions et d'immenses pertes militaires et civiles dans l'ouest de l'Europe mais certaines régions où le front s'enlisera connaitront les plus importantes destructions (Normandie, Alsace, Belgique, Pays-Bas...) et avec, nouveauté dans l'Histoire, les premiers bombardements aériens massifs de villes (d'abord allemands sur les Pays-Bas et l'Angleterre puis Alliés sur (fr) The Western Front was a military theatre of World War II encompassing Denmark, Norway, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Germany. World War II military engagements in Southern Europe and elsewhere are generally considered as separate theatres. The Western Front was marked by two phases of large-scale combat operations. The first phase saw the capitulation of Luxembourg, Netherlands, Belgium, and France during May and June 1940 after their defeat in the Low Countries and the northern half of France, and continued into an air war between Germany and Britain that climaxed with the Battle of Britain. The second phase consisted of large-scale ground combat (supported by a massive strategic air war considered to be an additional front), which began in J (en) Il fronte occidentale, durante la seconda guerra mondiale, fu un importante teatro di combattimenti in Francia, Belgio, Lussemburgo, Paesi Bassi e nella Germania occidentale. Dopo una prima fase nel 1939-1940 in cui la Wehrmacht tedesca ottenne una schiacciante vittoria contro gli eserciti Alleati, occupando gran parte del territorio, costringendo all'armistizio la Francia e respingendo oltre la Manica il corpo di spedizione britannico, il Fronte occidentale divenne fino al 1944 un settore del teatro europeo non più attivo dal punto di vista delle operazioni terrestri anche se continuarono costantemente operazioni di guerra aerea, mentre la Germania mantenne schierato all'ovest un cospicuo corpo di occupazione. (it) Het westfront was tijdens de Tweede Wereldoorlog de naam voor het toneel van oorlogshandelingen in West-Europa, van 1939 tot 1945. Hier vielen onder andere Nederland en België onder. Een belangrijke gebeurtenis die zich aan dit front afspeelde was Operatie Overlord, waarbij de westerse geallieerden aan land gingen in Europa. De gebeurtenissen aan het westfront zijn duidelijk in twee termijnen onder te verdelen; van 1939 tot 1940 domineerde nazi-Duitsland dit front met onder andere de verovering van Europa. Vanaf 1944 keerde het tij en begonnen de Geallieerden aan een opmars. (nl) Front zachodni – całokształt działań wojennych w Europie Zachodniej podczas II wojny światowej, dzielących się na dwa zasadnicze okresy: 1. * Od 3 września 1939 do 31 października 1940 roku, w ramach którego można wyróżnić: „dziwną wojnę” (w tym symboliczną ofensywę francuską w Zagłębiu Saary), kampanię norweską (zajęcie Danii i Norwegii) i kampanię francuską (podbój Francji i Krajów Beneluksu), a także powietrzną bitwę o Anglię (zahamowanie niemieckich postępów, udaremnione plany inwazji na Wielką Brytanię). 2. * Od 6 czerwca 1944 do 7 maja 1945 roku, który obejmuje: odtworzenie frontu w Normandii, następnie wyzwolenie przez aliantów Francji, przełamanie linii Zygfryda (operacja Market Garden, odparcie niemieckiej ofensywy w Ardenach), sforsowanie Renu oraz zajęcie położonego na zachó (pl) A Frente da Europa Ocidental ou Frente Ocidental da Segunda Guerra Mundial foi a segunda maior frente europeia em importância durante a II Guerra Mundial. Cobriu a Europa Ocidental, e foi aberta pela invasão da Alemanha Nazista à Noruega, Dinamarca e França em 1940, culminando em 1945 com a vitória das Forças Aliadas. Permaneceu sem nenhuma alteração relevante desde meados de 1940 até a Batalha da Normandia em junho, julho e agosto de 1944. (pt) Західноєвропейський театр воєнних дій Другої світової війни охоплював Данію, Норвегію, Люксембург, Бельгію, Нідерланди, Велику Британію, Францію та Західну Німеччину. Бої у Південній Європі та в інших місцях, як правило, розглядається в інших окремих рубриках. Західний фронт відзначався двома фазами великомасштабних боїв. Перша фаза охоплює капітуляцію Нідерландів, Бельгії та Франції у травні-червні 1940 року, яка настала після розгрому в країнах Бенілюксу та північній частині Франції і продовжувалася повітряною війною між Німеччиною та Британією, що досягла кульмінації під час битви за Британію. Друга фаза складалася з повномасштабних боїв, що розпочалась у червні 1944 року з висадки союзників у Нормандії і тривала до капітуляції Німеччини в травні 1945 року. (uk)
rdfs:label الجبهة الغربية (الحرب العالمية الثانية) (ar) Front Occidental de la Segona Guerra Mundial (ca) Západní fronta (druhá světová válka) (cs) Deutsche Westfront 1944/1945 (de) Okcidenta Fronto (Dua Mondmilito) (eo) Frente occidental (Segunda Guerra Mundial) (es) Mendebaldeko Frontea Bigarren Mundu Gerran (eu) Front de l'Ouest (Seconde Guerre mondiale) (fr) Front Barat (Perang Dunia II) (in) Fronte occidentale (1939-1945) (it) 서부 전선 (제2차 세계 대전) (ko) 西部戦線 (第二次世界大戦) (ja) Front zachodni (II wojna światowa) (pl) Westfront (Tweede Wereldoorlog) (nl) Frente Ocidental (Segunda Guerra Mundial) (pt) Western Front (World War II) (en) Западноевропейский театр военных действий Второй мировой войны (ru) Västfronten under andra världskriget (sv) Західноєвропейський театр воєнних дій Другої світової війни (uk) 西方战线 (第二次世界大战) (zh)
rdfs:seeAlso dbr:Western_Front_command_tenures_(World_War_II)
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foaf:name Western Front (en)
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is dbp:commandStructure of dbr:24th_Army_(Soviet_Union) dbr:31st_Army_(Soviet_Union)
is dbp:conflict of dbr:Fighter-bomber_attacks_on_the_United_Kingdom_during_World_War_II
is dbp:partof of dbr:Liberation_of_France dbr:Operation_Bulbasket dbr:Operation_Frankton dbr:Operation_Houndsworth dbr:Operation_Loyton dbr:Operation_Pistol dbr:Operation_Tombola
is dbp:place of dbr:Operation_Cockade
is foaf:primaryTopic of wikipedia-en:Western_Front_(World_War_II)